KR20040072507A - Ultraviolet light measure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An ultraviolet light measuring device is provided to measure an exposure dose of ultraviolet light by using a sensor having light receiving characteristics appropriate to erythema/blackening reaction characteristics of skin. CONSTITUTION: An ultraviolet light measuring device comprises an ultraviolet light sensing unit for measuring an ultraviolet-B index which serves as erythema reaction sensitivity characteristics of the incident light; an arithmetic operation unit(50) for determining a safety exposure time by performing an arithmetic operation based on the ultraviolet-B index measured by the ultraviolet light sensing unit, and the skin type index and SPF index which are input through an input unit(90); and a display unit(60) for displaying the safety exposure time determined by the arithmetic operation unit.

Description

UV meter {ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT MEASURE}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a personal UV meter. In particular, a UV ray having a wavelength of 280 to 400 nm harmful to a human body is received by a photodiode such as gallium nitride (GaN), and the sensitivity characteristics of the photodiode and the ultraviolet filter The present invention relates to a personal ultraviolet light meter which measures the exposure amount of ultraviolet light by using a sensor which receives the ultraviolet light closest to the characteristics of skin erythema and blackening reaction to ultraviolet light.

Skin response to ultraviolet light can vary depending on the color of each person's skin. In general, people with light skin color (white skin) suffer from sunburn only with short exposure to ultraviolet light, while those with dark skin color (black skin) do not get burned even after exposure to ultraviolet light for a long time. On the other hand, as the skin color becomes black (tanning or blackening), the darker the skin color, the darker the skin is exposed to short exposure time. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the degree of UV protection according to the skin characteristics and skin color of each individual.

Sensors that respond to the wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet light can be used to measure the intensity of ultraviolet light that reaches the earth's surface. In addition, by classifying the skin types into six stages according to the criteria classified by the medical community in general, when studying the reaction pattern (the time required to burn or blackening when exposed to ultraviolet rays) for each skin type, the intensity of ultraviolet rays Depending on how many minutes you do not want to be exposed to UV light, you can calculate.

Cosmetics that block UV rays are sold with the sunscreen effect labeled with the UVF Index (SPF and PFA). SPF is a multiple of the time it takes for the skin to burn. If a person who is burned after being exposed to ultraviolet light for 10 minutes is applying SPF 10 cosmetics, they may not be burned for 10 times, that is, 100 minutes. The PFA index is a multiple of the time it takes for blackening of skin to occur. When a person wearing blackening wears PFA 4 cosmetics after exposure to ultraviolet rays for 30 minutes, it burns for four times as long as 120 minutes. You may not wear it.

However, many people do not know how to determine the appropriate sunscreen index for their skin, and often did not know how long to protect the skin with the sunscreen cosmetics used. Therefore, a portable personal UV meter that determines the appropriate UV protection index according to the intensity and type of skin of the ultraviolet light, using this portable meter will be able to help skin care and health.

Applicant in the present invention is a combination of the sensitivity characteristics of the gallium nitride photodiode disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-0061704 (published: July 22, 2003) and ultraviolet filter erythema of the skin against ultraviolet / Using a sensor with a light-receiving characteristic according to the blackening reaction characteristic, the intensity of the erythema / blackening reaction is measured, and according to the skin type, The purpose is to accurately calculate and inform the safety exposure time.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to measure the intensity of causing the erythema / blackening reaction by using a sensor having a light receiving characteristic in accordance with the skin erythema / blackening reaction characteristics of the ultraviolet light by combining the sensitivity characteristics of the photodiode and the ultraviolet filter, The present invention is applied to a personal UV meter that calculates a safe exposure time when a blocker having a predetermined UV protection index (SPF; Sun Protectioning Factor, PFA; Protection Factor of UV-A] is applied to the skin and displays the information.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to produce a suitable coating filter according to the sensitivity characteristics of the GaN photodiode to have a relative sensitivity characteristics close to the erythema response spectrum and blackening reaction spectrum, to a small metal can package or surface-mount package The present invention is to provide a personal UV meter using a sensor to obtain the characteristics of the skin erythema and blackening reaction to the ultraviolet light by combining the sensitivity characteristics of the gallium nitride photodiode and the ultraviolet filter and the ultraviolet transmission lens.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to measure the intensity of causing the erythema / blackening reaction by using a sensor having a light receiving characteristic in accordance with the skin erythema / blackening reaction characteristics of the ultraviolet light by combining the sensitivity characteristics of the photodiode and the ultraviolet filter, It is to provide a personal UV meter that displays information on the recommended sun protection factor (SPF; Sun Protectioning Factor, PFA; Protection Factor of UV-A) required to be safely exposed during the input exposure time.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a personal UV meter using a gallium nitride photodiode, low cost, high efficiency, and convenient to carry.

1 is a gallium nitride (GaN) type two channel employing an ultraviolet sensing unit having a first channel for measuring erythema response sensitivity characteristics and a second channel for measuring blackening reaction sensitivity characteristics according to the present invention. Block diagram of UV meter.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a gallium nitride-type one-channel UV meter employing an ultraviolet detector for measuring only one of the erythema response sensitivity or blackening reaction sensitivity characteristics according to the present invention.

3A and 3B illustrate light receiving parts 200 and 200 ′ for a gallium nitride (GaN) type ultraviolet light meter of the present invention.

3C to 3E are diagrams illustrating the light receiving unit of the ultraviolet light meter of the photodiode as still another photodiode sensor of FIGS. 3A and 3B.

4 is a representative UV transmittance curve diagram of the light receiving portions 200 and 200 ′ of FIGS. 3A and 3B.

5 is a graph showing the reaction characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode in response to each wavelength of ultraviolet light.

6 is a erythema response spectrum showing the degree of damage to the skin caused by ultraviolet rays and the wavelength passing through the ultraviolet filter according to the present invention is 280 ~ 320nm Graph showing the reaction characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode in response to ultraviolet light in the band.

7A is an optimum blackening reaction characteristic diagram of a gallium nitride type ultraviolet light meter of the present invention.

7b is a filter transmittance graph of a blackening reaction sensor

8A, 8B, and 8C are basic types of display windows (LCDs) of gallium nitride type ultraviolet light meter of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of a gallium nitride (GaN) type two channel UV meter. FIG.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

10: power supply unit 11: oscillation unit

12: clock part 13: switch part

20 and 21: first (first channel) and second (second channel) ultraviolet light detector

40: storage unit

50: exponent and exposure time calculation unit (microcomputer) 60: display unit

70: warning unit 80: temperature detection unit

90: input unit 100: LCD window

101: meter case 200: light receiving unit

201, 201 ': first quartz lens (ultraviolet filter)

202, 202 ': second quartz lens (ultraviolet filter)

204, 204 ': first gallium nitride photodiode (sensor)

205, 205 ': second gallium nitride photodiode (sensor)

The present invention, the UV detection unit for measuring the erythema response sensitivity characteristics of the incident light, and the skin type index and SPF index input through the UV-B Index and the input unit measured by the UV detection unit The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a calculation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time by performing a calculation, and a display unit displaying the safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit.

The safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is applied according to the SPF index is given by the following equation,

Safe exposure time [min] = minimum erythema by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠] × SPF index

It is preferable to determine by calculating.

In addition, the safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied by the SPF index is expressed by the following equation,

Safety exposure time [min] = minimum erythema amount by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠]

It is preferable to determine by calculating.

On the other hand, the present invention, the UV-sensing unit for determining the UV-B Index, the erythema response sensitivity characteristics of the incident light, the skin type index input through the UV-B Index and the input unit measured by the UV-sensing unit and The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a calculating unit performing a calculation based on an exposure time [minute] to determine a recommended SPF index, and a display unit displaying the SPF index determined by the calculating unit.

The calculation unit is the following formula,

SPF index = amount of light per minute [mJ / ㎠] × UV-B Index × time to go out [minute] ÷ minimum erythema by skin type [MED]

It is preferable to calculate the SPF index by.

On the other hand, the present invention, the UV-sensing unit for measuring the UV-B Index, which is the sensitivity characteristic of the erythema response of the incident light, and the skin type index input through the UV-B Index and the input unit measured by the UV-sensing unit The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a display unit configured to determine a safe exposure time of skin without applying a blocking agent by performing a calculation, and a display unit displaying a safe exposure time of skin without applying a blocking agent determined by the calculating unit.

The ultraviolet detector includes a photodiode for converting an incident optical signal into an electrical signal, an ultraviolet filter disposed in an optical path before incident light reaches the photodiode, and a magnitude of an electrical signal that is electrically connected and converted to the photodiode. Measuring unit to determine a corresponding UV-B Index from the size of the measured value, the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter and the photodiode for each wavelength in at least a portion of the wavelength region of 280 nm to 320 nm It is preferable that the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter is formed such that the relative size ratio of the value corresponding to the product of the relative reaction intensities of the accords with the relative size ratio of the relative reaction intensity on the skin's erythema response spectrum curve for each wavelength.

On the other hand, the present invention, the UV-sensing unit for determining the UV-A Index which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of the incident light, the skin type index input through the UV-A Index and the input unit measured by the UV-sensing unit and The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a calculation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time by performing an operation based on a PFA index, and a display unit displaying the safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit.

Safety exposure time [minutes] when the sunscreen is applied according to the PFA index is the following equation,

Safety exposure time [min] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ minute light amount by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] × PFA index

It is preferable to calculate by calculating.

In addition, the safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied by the PFA index is expressed by the following equation,

Safe exposure time [min] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ minute light quantity by UV-A Index [J / ㎠]

It is preferable to calculate by calculating.

On the other hand, the present invention, the UV-sensing unit for determining the UV-A Index which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of the incident light, the skin type index input through the UV-A Index and the input unit measured by the UV-sensing unit and The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a calculation unit configured to perform a calculation based on an exposure time to determine a recommended PFA index, and a display unit displaying the PFA index determined by the calculation unit.

The calculation unit is the following formula,

PFA index = amount of light per minute [J / ㎠] × time to go out [min] by UV-A Index ÷ minimum amount of blackening by skin type [MPD]

It is preferable to calculate the PFA index by.

On the other hand, the present invention, the UV-sensing unit for determining the UV-A Index, which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of the incident light, and the skin type index input through the UV-A Index and the input unit measured by the UV-sensing unit The present invention relates to an ultraviolet measuring device including a calculation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time of skin without applying a blocking agent and a display unit displaying a safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit.

The ultraviolet detector includes a photodiode for converting an incident optical signal into an electrical signal, an ultraviolet filter disposed in an optical path before incident light reaches the photodiode, and a magnitude of an electrical signal that is electrically connected and converted to the photodiode. Measuring unit to determine a corresponding UV-A Index from the size of the measured value, the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter and the photodiode for each wavelength in at least a portion of the wavelength region of 310 nm to 400 nm It is preferable that the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter is formed such that the relative size ratio of the value corresponding to the product of the relative reaction intensity of is equal to the relative size ratio of the relative reaction intensity on the skin blackening spectral curve for each wavelength.

Instead of the ideal UV-B, UV-A Index can be performed using the magnitude of the electrical signal generated in the photodiode by the light passing through the ultraviolet filter.

In another aspect, the present invention is characterized in that the first and second sensors of the ultraviolet detection unit is a gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode personal UV meter.

The present invention also, the display unit SKIN CARE, the skin type number, UV-A Index, UV-B Index, SPF index, PFA index, the exposure time when applying the sunscreen cosmetics and when the sunscreen cosmetics are not applied It features a gallium nitride (GaN) type personal UV meter that displays the exposure time, current date and time, and warnings.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

1 is a block diagram of a two-channel UV meter employing an ultraviolet sensing unit having a first channel for measuring the erythema response sensitivity characteristics and a second channel for measuring the blackening reaction sensitivity characteristics according to the present invention. 2 is a first or second ultraviolet detection unit for measuring only one of the first channel for measuring the erythema response sensitivity characteristics or the second channel for measuring the blackening reaction sensitivity characteristics according to the present invention is employed 1 is a block diagram of a gallium nitride type 1-channel ultraviolet light meter, and as can be seen in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a first or second detection unit for detecting an erythema reaction and a blackening reaction in FIG. 1. Since only the sensing unit is employed, a detailed description thereof will be omitted, and only FIG. 1 will be described in more detail.

In FIG. 1, the power supply device 10 is a power supply unit for supplying power by being connected to a microcomputer (operation unit) 50, and the oscillation device 11 is connected to the microcomputer 50 to signal a constant frequency of the microcomputer (also called a computing unit). 50) an oscillation unit which is an oscillation element for outputting to 50).

The real time clock (RTC) 12 is a real time clock connected to the microcomputer 50 and provides the microcomputer 50 with the current date and time. An oscillator (not shown) having a certain period is connected to operate the time of the clock part 12, and a period used is 32,768 KHz as a standard. It is used to operate in the microcomputer 50 by receiving the clock of this period and operating the time of the ultraviolet light meter, or by dividing the supplied clock into a predetermined period and sending it out again.

The switch 13 is a function key connected to the microcomputer 50. The switch 13 is used to set the skin type index, the PA value, the SPF value, the exposure time setting, the time setting, and the like. Up Key, Down Key, etc.

The first detection unit 20 is a erythema response ultraviolet detection unit connected to the microcomputer 50 to measure and convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and at least a portion of a period of wavelength 280 to 320 nm that mainly contributes to erythema reaction. This is to measure the relative intensity of how well the light incident from the outside into the light receiving window of the UV meter causes the erythema reaction. To this end, it is preferable to arrange an ultraviolet filter in the incident path of the received light to transmit the light having a different transmittance for each wavelength, and then measure the size of the light with a photodiode. Photodiodes have inherent relative reaction strengths for each wavelength by type, and the product of UV filter transmittance and photodiode relative intensity of photodiode contributes to erythema response by wavelength It is desirable to adjust it to fit the erythema response spectrum showing relative intensity. Here, the ultraviolet filter is formed by depositing a plurality of layers of coating material on the ultraviolet transmission glass. As ultraviolet transmission glass, quartz, sapphire, optical glass, etc. may be selectively used. The high refractive UV coating materials repeatedly deposited on the UV-transmitting glass include Al2O3, Sb2O3, CaF2, CaF3, HfO2, LaF3, NaF3, Pr2O3, Pr6O11, SC2O3, Na3AlF6, Ta2O5, ThF4, YbF3, Y2O3, and ZrO2. As the refractive UV coating material, one of SiO 2, Sc 2 O 3, MgF 2, ZnSe, Ge, various sulfur oxides (OXideS), fluorides, and ZnS can be optionally used. The ultraviolet filter is selected from 280 nm to 320 nm in the entire ultraviolet band. It is desirable that the transmittance be adjusted as described above for at least some of the ultraviolet rays and have a very low transmittance for the other regions.

The second detection unit 21 is a blackening reaction UV detection unit connected to the microcomputer 50 and converting and measuring an optical signal into an electrical signal, and at least a portion of a wavelength of 310 to 400 nm that mainly contributes to the blackening reaction. This is to measure the relative intensity of how well the light incident from the outside into the light receiving window of the UV meter causes the blackening reaction. To this end, it is preferable to arrange an ultraviolet filter in the incident path of the received light to transmit the light having a different transmittance for each wavelength, and then measure the size of the light with a photodiode. The photodiode has its own relative reaction intensity for each wavelength by its type. By adjusting the transmittance of the UV filter by wavelength, the product of the UV filter transmittance and the photodiode's relative intensity contributes to the blackening reaction by wavelength. It is desirable to adjust it to fit the blackening reaction spectrum showing the relative intensity.

The second detection unit 21 is also a blackening reaction UV detection unit that is connected to the microcomputer 50 to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a sensor for obtaining a UV-A Index according to the wavelength of the blackening reaction spectrum of 310 to 400 nm. (200, 200 'shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B), for measuring the UV-A Index, which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic.

Sensors 200 and 200 'employed in the present invention are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and the UV light transmittance, sensitivity and response characteristics curves for the sensors 200 and 200' are shown in FIGS. It is shown in detail.

3A and 3B, the light receiving portion (sensors 200, 200 ') of a gallium nitride (GaN) type measuring instrument is shown in detail. In the figure, reference numerals 101 and 101 'denote cases of gallium nitride (GaN) type measuring instruments, and reference numerals 201, 201', and 202 and 202 'denote quartz lenses which concentrate light and receive light regardless of the light receiving angle. The lens is preferably a fly-eye lens. In the case of one light receiving sensor, it is preferable to use a general lens, but when two sensors are installed in the measuring device, the sensor is improved in consideration of the precision, assemblability, and design of the sensor. Reference numerals 204, 204 'and 205, 205' denote photodiode sensors of gallium nitride (GaN). This photodiode sensor is mounted on a semiconductor chip (not shown). The quartz lenses 201 and 202 are installed to match the sensors 204 and 205, and the quartz lenses 201 'and 202' are installed to match the sensors 204 'and 205'. The quartz lenses 201 and 201 'and the sensors 204 and 204' may be spaced apart at regular intervals corresponding to the lenses 202 and 202 'and the sensors 205 and 205', respectively. In addition, the quartz lens 201 and the sensor 204 may be provided separately from the quartz lens 202 and the sensor 205.

3C to 3E are further alternative photodiode sensors of FIGS. 3A and 3B, detailing the light receiving portion 300 of the ultraviolet meter of the photodiode. In the figure, sensor 300 is a photodiode sensor, preferably a gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode. Reference numeral 301 denotes an ultraviolet transmission window through which visible light is blocked, and is integrally formed with the cases 101 and 101 'of the measuring instrument. 302, 402, and 502 are UV-B ultraviolet filters that transmit only UV-B ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 280 to 320 nm, and 302 ', 402' and 502 'transmit only UV-A ultraviolet rays in the wavelength range of 310 to 400 nm. UV-A ultraviolet filter. 303, 403, and 503 are filter switching switches capable of switching the positions of the UV-B ultraviolet filters 302, 402, 502 and the UV-A ultraviolet filters 302 ', 402' 502 '. 305 is a switching position fixing protrusion, and 304 and 304 'are switching position fixing grooves for selecting positions of the UV-B ultraviolet filter 302 and the UV-A ultraviolet filter 302'. Normal visible light is straight, but ultraviolet light is scattering, so the indirect UV blocking rubber cap 307 to block indirect ultraviolet light other than the ultraviolet light transmitted through the UV light transmitting window 301 and transmitted through the filters 302 and 302 '. ) Are provided on both sides of the ultraviolet filters 302 and 302 '. As can be seen from the above description, by providing the ultraviolet filter switching switches 303, 403, 503, one photodiode sensor 300 is employed to provide the UV-B ultraviolet wavelength band and the UV-A ultraviolet wavelength band. You can measure it. Therefore, since only one expensive photodiode sensor 300 may be employed, a cheaper and smaller UV meter can be manufactured. The filter changeover switch 303, 404, 503 has been described that the linear position movement, but not limited to this, it will be appreciated that it is also possible to use a rotary type to move the semi-circle position.

FIG. 4 is a representative filter transmittance curve of the light receiving units 200 and 200 'of the gallium nitride (GaN) type meter described in FIGS. 3A and 3E, and FIG. 5 is a sensitivity characteristic curve of the gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode. Indicates. As shown in the figure, the ultraviolet filter mainly transmits ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 280 to 320 nm. The gallium nitride photodiode is an erythema response spectrum curve defined by the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) as shown in FIG. It reacts with almost the same characteristics.

6 is a erythema response spectrum showing the degree of damage to the skin caused by ultraviolet rays and the wavelength passing through the ultraviolet filter is 290 ~ 320nm It is a graph showing the reaction characteristics of gallium nitrite (GaN) photodiode in response to ultraviolet light of the band.

7 is an optimum blackening reaction characteristic diagram of the gallium nitride-type ultraviolet light meter of the present invention.

The storage unit 40 of FIG. 1 stores the data measured by the ultraviolet detection units 20 and 21 or the data input from the input unit.

The calculation unit (also called a microcomputer) 50 performs a function of performing a predetermined operation based on input data, input and stored data, data measured by the UV detection unit, etc., and then displays the result externally through the display unit. It is a circuit to perform.

The calculation unit may determine the safety exposure time by performing calculations based on the light intensity or the UV-B Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and the SPF index inputted through the input unit.

On the other hand, the calculation unit may determine the recommended SPF index by performing the calculation based on the light intensity or UV-B Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and exposure time input through the input unit.

On the other hand, the calculation unit may determine the safe exposure time of the skin without applying the blocking agent by performing the calculation based on the light intensity or UV-B Index and the skin type index input through the input unit measured by the UV detection unit.

On the other hand, the calculation unit may determine the safe exposure time by performing the calculation based on the light intensity or UV-A Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and PFA index input through the input unit.

On the other hand, the calculation unit may determine the recommended PFA index by performing the calculation based on the light intensity or UV-A Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and exposure time input through the input unit.

On the other hand, the calculation unit may determine the safe exposure time of the skin without applying the blocking agent by performing the calculation based on the light intensity measured by the UV detection unit or the UV-A Index and the skin type index input through the input unit.

The safety exposure time determined by the calculating unit is transmitted to the display unit and displayed on the display unit. The display portion includes any display capable of displaying a number.

UV-B Index, UV-A Index, SPF Index, PFA Index, etc. are input to the intensity of data incident light measured by the light detector, and there is a setting table set according to the user's own skin type reference table (see Table 1). .

Table 1; Standard Table by Skin Type

Skin Type Type Skin reactions One It always blushes red (but burns), but doesn't turn black. Skin peels off easily (White skin) 2 Easily reddened, slightly blackened after a few days, and skin peeled off. 3 Slightly reddish and slightly blacked a few days later. 4 Not very red, but easily blacked. 5 It rarely turns red, but it becomes black easily. 6 It doesn't turn red at all, but always darkens black. (Black skin)

Table 2; Minimal erythema by skin type and minute sugar by UV Index

skin type One 2 3 4 5 6 Minimum amount of erythema 20 40 60 80 100 120

UV-B Index One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 MED per minute 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 6.6 7.2 7.8 8.4 9.0

Table 3; Minimum blackening amount by skin type and minute sugar amount by UV Index

skin type One 2 3 4 5 6 Minimum blackening amount 30 25 20 15 10 5

UV-AInex One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 MPD per minute 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.18 0.21

Erythema reaction time and blackening reaction time

1) SPF Index (UV-B Index)

The present invention uses a photodiode sensor (204, 204 ') that combines the sensitivity characteristics of the photodiode with the ultraviolet filter and the ultraviolet transmission lens (201, 201') to obtain the characteristics of the erythema response of the skin to ultraviolet rays. In the ultraviolet sensing unit 20 of the intensity is measured how strongly the ultraviolet light causes the erythema reaction. This value can be converted into an ultraviolet index. As a result, a formula for calculating the safe exposure time according to the skin type is obtained by directly researching and examining the skin response pattern to the ultraviolet rays in adults.

Safety exposure time (TMED; min) when no sunscreen is applied by SPF index = minimum erythema amount by skin type (MED) ÷ light amount per minute by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠]

※ Minimum erythema by skin type, light quantity per minute by UV Index, and estimated MED arrival time [minute]

UV-B Index One 2 3 4 5 ........................................ .... 10 ............. 15 Skin type MED 0.6 3.0 6.0 9.0 One 20 33 2 2 40 67 4 3 60 100 10 7 4 80 133 27 9 5 100 167 11 6 120 200 13

Table 4

In Table 4, the UV-B Index is subdivided into 15 steps, but not limited thereto. As described above, the UV-B Index may be extended to various steps, and accordingly, the minute amount of light per index may be subdivided. For convenience of description, only UV Index 1 and 15 in skin types 1 to 6 have been described. Those skilled in the art will be able to easily extract the safe exposure time for UV Index 2 to 14 from the above description.

In addition, the minimum erythema amount value for each skin type was set based on the results of clinical studies and general known facts of the present inventors. In other words, MED 20 shows erythema reaction when a person with skin type 1 exposes 20 mJ / ㎠ for 1 day, and MED 120 shows erythema reaction when a person with skin type 6 exposes 120 mJ / ㎠ for 1 day. It is a numerical value that appears.

In addition, in Table 4, the value 33 in the table represents the estimated MED arrival time, and indicates the time to reach the minimum erythema in the UV Index 1 for each skin type.

Meanwhile, the SPF index required to protect the skin even when exposed to ultraviolet rays for a certain period of time is calculated by the following formula.

SPF index = amount of light per minute [mJ / ㎠] × UV-B Index × outing time [minute] ÷ minimum erythema by skin type (MED)

The SPF index required to protect the skin for 3 hours is shown in Table 5 below.

On the other hand, the safety exposure time when applying the SPF index blocker to the skin is calculated by the following formula.

Safety exposure time (TMED; min) when sunscreen applied by SPF index = minimum erythema amount by skin type [MED] ÷ light amount per minute [mJ / ㎠] × SPF index by UV-B Index

UV-B Index One 2 3 4 5 ........................................ .............. 10 ....................... 15 Skin type MED 108 540 1080 1620 One 20 5 81 2 40 3 41 3 60 2 18 27 4 80 One 7 20 5 100 One 16 6 120 One 14

Table 5

In order to obtain the SPF index value in Tables 4 and 5, the UV-B Index value is compared with the measured value and the clinical study on the day when it is released as the UV-B Index by using the measuring device developed by the inventor and the UV measuring device held by the company. The amount of UV light reaching the earth's surface during the day was randomly allocated from 0.6 to 9.0 mJ / cm 2. It is obvious that the values in Tables 4 and 5 can be modified by conducting studies to measure the amount of ultraviolet rays according to the actual UV-B Index.

2) PFA Index (UV-A Index)

In the present invention, a second ultraviolet light is obtained using a sensor (205, 205 ') which combines the sensitivity characteristics of the photodiode with the ultraviolet filter and the ultraviolet transmission lens (202, 202') to obtain the characteristic of skin blackening reaction to ultraviolet light. The detector 21 measures the intensity of the ultraviolet rays. Of course, this value can be converted into an ultraviolet index.

From this, the formula for calculating the safe exposure time from the amount of ultraviolet rays (MPD) required for blackening according to skin type by directly researching and examining the skin response pattern to ultraviolet rays in adults is as follows.

Safe exposure time with blocker (TMPD; min) = minimum blackening amount (MPD) by skin type ÷ minute light amount by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] × PFA index

※ Minimum amount of blackening by skin type, light amount per minute by UV Index, and estimated MPD arrival time (minutes)

UV-A Index One 2 ........................................... 11 12 13 14 15 Skin type MPD 0.01 0.13 0.21 One 30 3000 143 2 25 2500 119 3 20 2000 95 4 15 1500 115 71 5 10 1000 48 6 5 500 24

Table 6

In Table 6, the UV-A Index is subdivided into 15 steps, but not limited thereto. As described above, the UV-A Index may be extended to various steps, and accordingly, the MPD may be subdivided. For convenience of description, only UV Index 1 and 15 in skin types 1 to 6 have been described. Those skilled in the art will appreciate from the above description-A It is easy to extract the expected MPD arrival time for Indexes 2-14.

In addition, the MPD value for each skin type was set based on the results of clinical studies and generally known facts of the present inventors. In other words, MPD 30 shows a blackening reaction when a person with skin type 1 exposes 30 J / cm 2 for one day, and MPD 5 shows a blackening reaction when a person with skin type 6 exposes 5 J / cm 2 for one day. It is a numerical value that appears.

In addition, in Table 6, the value 3000 inside the table indicates the expected MPD arrival time (minutes), and indicates the time (minutes) for reaching minimum blackening in the UV Index 1 for each skin type.

On the other hand, if the exposure time is determined, the PFA index required to protect the skin even during exposure is calculated by the following formula.

PFA index = amount of light per minute [J / ㎠] × outing time [min] by UV-A Index ÷ minimum blackening amount by skin type (MPD)

Safety exposure time when applying sunscreen by PFA index [min] = Minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ Light amount per minute by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] × PFA index

The PFA index required to protect the skin for 3 hours is shown in Table 7 below.

UV-A Index One 2 ......................... 10 12 13 14 15 Skin type MPD 2 38 One 30 0 5 2 25 0 6 3 20 0 8 4 15 0 6 10 5 10 One 15 6 5 One 30

TABLE 7

In order to obtain the values of the PFA index in Tables 6 and 7, the UV-A Index value is measured by comparing the measured value of the UV-A Index and the clinical study by using the UV light measuring device developed by the inventor and the company. The amount of ultraviolet light reaching the ground surface was randomly assigned to 0.01 to 0.21 J / cm 2. It is obvious that the values in Tables 6 and 7 can be modified by conducting studies to measure the amount of ultraviolet rays according to the actual UV-A Index.

In addition, the correlation between the PA index displayed on the cosmetic and the PFA index displayed on the measuring instrument so that the user can select the appropriate UV A-block cosmetics are as follows.

PFA Index PA Index Less than 4 + 4 to 8 ++ 8 or more +++

Next, the interlocking relationship between the exponent calculating unit and the exposure time calculating unit of the calculating unit 50 will be described.

Example 1) When UV-B is 15.0, time is calculated when blocker SPF index 20 is applied

Skin type Exposure Time Without Blocker (NO CREAM) SPF Index Exposure time One 2 minutes 20 40 minutes 2 4 minutes 20 80 minutes 3 7 minutes 20 140 minutes 4 9 minutes 20 180 minutes 5 11 minutes 20 220 minutes 6 13 minutes 20 260 minutes

Example 2) In case of UV-B 15.0, time calculation is applied when blocking agent SPF index 30 is applied

Skin type Exposure Time Without Blocker (NO CREAM) SPF Index Exposure time One 2 minutes 30 60 minutes 2 4 minutes 30 120 minutes 3 7 minutes 30 210 minutes 4 9 minutes 30 270 minutes 5 11 minutes 30 330 minutes 6 13 minutes 30 390 minutes

Example 3) Time calculation when each skin type, each UV-B Index, and each blocker SPF index are applied

Skin type UV-B Index Exposure Time Without Blocker (NO CREAM) SPF Index Exposure time 2 14 5 minutes 50 250 minutes 2 14 5 minutes 30 150 minutes 3 7 14 minutes 15 210 minutes 3 7 14 minutes 30 420 minutes 4 7 19 minutes 15 285 minutes 4 7 19 minutes 30 570 minutes 5 7 24 minutes 10 240 minutes 5 7 24 minutes 40 960 minutes 6 14 14 minutes 35 490 minutes 6 14 14 minutes 45 630 minutes

Example 4 Calculating Blocker Time for UV-A 15.0

Skin type Exposure Time Without Blocker (NO CREAM) PFA Index (PA Index) Safety exposure time One 143 minutes 2 (+) 286 minutes 2 119 minutes 2 (+) 238 minutes 3 95 minutes 2 (+) 190 minutes 4 71 minutes 2 (+) 142 minutes 5 48 minutes 2 (+) 96 minutes 6 24 minutes 2 (+) 48 minutes

Example 5 Calculating Blocker Time for UV-A 15.0

Skin type Exposure Time Without Blocker (NO CREAM) PFA Index (PA Index) Safety exposure time One 143 minutes 6 (++) 858 minutes 2 119 minutes 6 (++) 714 minutes 3 95 minutes 6 (++) 570 minutes 4 71 minutes 6 (++) 426 minutes 5 48 minutes 6 (++) 288 minutes 6 24 minutes 6 (++) 144 minutes

The display unit 60 displays the safety exposure time, the recommended SPF index, or the recommended PFA index determined by the exposure time calculator of the UV meter calculator 50. It also displays SKIN CARE, skin type number, UV-A Index, UV-B Index, SPF Index, exposure time with blocker, exposure time without blocker, current date and time, and warning.

(A) Current UV Index

Ultraviolet light is measured by the sensor units 200 and 200 ′ attached to the measuring device to display the intensity of the ultraviolet light currently received by the user as an index. It consists of a value from 1 to 15. This is only a subdivided value for ease of explanation, and the higher the value, the stronger the UV light.

(B) Currently required UV protection index (SPF)

By default, the SPF index is displayed when exposed to UV light for a specified time. In addition, when the user enters the expected exposure time, the required SPF index is calculated and displayed. In addition, when the user inputs the sun protection index (SPF) of the cosmetics normally used to calculate and display the exposure time.

(C) Current UV Protection Index (PFA)

The default value indicates the PFA index required when exposed to UV light for a specified time. When the user enters the expected exposure time, the required PFA index is calculated and displayed. In addition, when the user inputs the UV protection index (PFA) of the cosmetics normally used to calculate and display the exposure time.

(D) Select and indicate where the user's own skin reaction corresponds to the skin type in Table 1 when exposed to ultraviolet light for about 1 hour.

The warning unit 70 before the exposure time displayed on the display unit 60 exceeds A beep will sound to alert the meter user.

8A to 8C are various basic types of display windows (LCD) 100 of the ultraviolet light meter of the present invention.

The basic operation and principle of the measuring device of the present invention will be described.

Basic Mode

When the on / off switch 13 is pressed while the meter is turned off, the basic mode of the LCD window 100 appears.

1. Skin Care

In order to check the user's skin type by using a questionnaire, when the user is exposed to ultraviolet light for about 1 hour in summer, the user selects a number corresponding to the skin type reference table of Table 1 described above. ).

2. UV-A, UV-B Intensity

The UV index is an index of the intensity of ultraviolet rays received by the user by measuring ultraviolet rays with the sensor units 200 and 200 'attached to the measuring device. It consists of a value from 1 to 15. The intensity of solar ultraviolet light affecting human skin is automatically displayed on the LCD display 100 as soon as it is measured. The number of the measured intensity is shown at the bottom right of the LCD display window 100 and the unit of measurement is UV-A, UV-B Index is displayed as a number.

UV INDEX 1 to 2 3 to 4 5 to 7 8 to 9 10 to 12 13-15 Century level Very low lowness usually height Very high Exposure risk

3. sunscreen

1) PA

PA values are marked with + on the face of most sun creams. The lowest input value is + and the highest value is displayed up to +++.

The time required for blackening of the skin to blacken for each individual was determined by performing clinical studies by skin type.

<Test Example 1>

If the user inputs skin type 4 according to the skin type reference table of Table 1 above, measures the UV index, and outputs the UV-A Index 12, the software calculates the exposure time when no blocking agent is applied, and 115 minutes. In this case, the software outputs ++, which is the UV A Block Index (PA Index) required for 3 hours of sun exposure.

Test example of exposure time

If the user inputs 60 minutes in the hope of sun exposure for 1 hour, the software calculates the PA Index required for 60 minutes of sun exposure and outputs +. The possible time was calculated and output as 290 minutes.

<Test Example 2>

If the user inputs skin type 4, measures the UV index, and outputs UV-A Index 15, if the exposure time without the blocking agent is calculated by the software is calculated and outputted as 71 minutes, it is exposed to the sun for 3 hours. The ++, which is the UV-A Block Index (PA Index), is required to do this.

Test example of exposure time

If the user inputs 60 minutes in order to be exposed to the sun for 1 hour, the software calculates the required PA Index when exposed for 1 hour and outputs it as +. 1 hour 20 minutes were outputted.

2) SPF

The SPF value is written on the surface of most sunscreens. The lowest input value is 1 and the highest value is 50.

<Test Example 1>

When the user inputs the skin type as 3, and the UV-B Index 10 is output by measuring the UV intensity from the sensor units 200 and 200 ', the exposure time is calculated by the software and the exposure time is not If the time was output in 10 minutes, the software calculated the SPF Index needed to expose to the sun for 3 hours (180 minutes) and outputs an SPF of 18.

Test example of exposure time

If the user enters 60 minutes in the hope of being exposed to the sun for 1 hour, the software calculates the required SPF Index and outputs SPF 6.If the user enters the cosmetic SPF 30, the software can be exposed. 300 minutes were output by calculating.

<Test Example 2>

If the user inputs the skin type as 4 and the UV-B Index 5 is output by measuring the UV intensity from the sensor units 200 and 200 ', the exposure time in the software is calculated by calculating the exposure time 27 If the minute is printed, the software calculates the SPF Index needed for three hours of sun exposure, and the SPF 7 is printed.

Test example of exposure time

If the user inputs 60 minutes in the hope of exposure to the sun for 1 hour, the software calculates the required SPF Index and outputs SPF 2, if the user enters the cosmetic SPF 10 in use, the software can be exposed 270 minutes were output.

4. Safety Exposure Time

The meter can also be used to predict safe exposure times for constant skin index and PA and SPF values for sun creams. Safe exposure time is the time to be in the sun without sunburn and blackening (aging). To predict the safe exposure time, the value is between 1 and 50 for the input SPF. The meter can also be used to predict safe exposure times for selected skin indices and PA and SPF values for sun cream. Safe exposure time refers to the safe exposure time to the sun, without the damage of ultraviolet rays, with and without a blocker.

5. Current time

If it is set as the time output from the RTC 12, the time is displayed on the LCD display window 100 even if the meter is turned off.

6. Current temperature

The temperature detected by the temperature detector 80 is displayed on the LCD display window 100.

9 is an operation flowchart for a gallium nitride (GaN) type meter. As shown in FIG. 9, when the measurement is started by turning on / off the power in step S701, the ultraviolet light is measured by the ultraviolet sensor (S702), and the safe exposure time of the skin without applying the blocking agent is displayed in step 703. To display. The skin type defaults to the previously entered value. Only if you want to change the skin type, do so by changing the stored value. In step 704, when the SPF index is input, the corresponding safety exposure time is displayed. In step 706, when the expected exposure time is input, the recommended SPF index is displayed.

Of course, the same flowchart as in Fig. 9 can be assumed for the blackening reaction.

In the detailed description of the present invention, for example, a UV detector employing a gallium nitride (GaN) type photodiode has been described as an example, but those skilled in the art are not limited thereto. It will be appreciated that it is applicable.

As described above, according to the present invention, by forming and combining an appropriate coating filter according to the sensitivity characteristics of the GaN photodiode, it has a sensitivity characteristic close to the erythema reaction spectrum and the blackening reaction spectrum, and a small metal can package or surface By combining the sensitivity characteristics of the gallium nitride photodiode packaged in the package and the ultraviolet filter, the sensor was used to obtain the erythema and blackening reaction of the skin. You can.

In addition, according to the present invention, the gallium nitride photodiode is used for low cost, high sensitivity efficiency, and convenient portability.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to only one preferred embodiment, but various modifications and changes are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, without being limited thereto. Anyone with knowledge of the world will be able to make various changes.

Claims (22)

In the UV meter, An ultraviolet detector for measuring the UV-B index, which is a sensitivity of the erythema response of incident light; An operation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time by performing an operation based on the UV-B index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and the SPF index inputted through the input unit; And a display unit for displaying the safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit. In the UV meter, UV detection unit for determining the UV-B Index, which is the erythema response sensitivity characteristics of the incident light, An operation unit configured to determine a recommended SPF index by performing an operation based on the UV-B Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and exposure time input through the input unit; And a display unit displaying the SPF index determined by the calculation unit. In the UV meter, An ultraviolet detector for measuring the UV-B index, which is a sensitivity of the erythema response of incident light; An operation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time of skin without applying a blocking agent by performing an operation based on the UV-B Index measured by the UV detection unit and a skin type index input through an input unit; And a display unit for displaying a safe exposure time of the skin that is not coated with the blocking agent determined by the calculation unit. In the UV meter, An ultraviolet detector for determining a UV-A index, which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of incident light; An operation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time by performing an operation based on the UV-A Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and the PFA index inputted through the input unit; And a display unit for displaying the safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit. In the UV meter, An ultraviolet detector for determining a UV-A index, which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of incident light; An operation unit configured to determine a recommended PFA index by performing calculations based on the UV-A Index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index and exposure time input through the input unit; And a display unit displaying the PFA index determined by the calculation unit. In the UV meter, An ultraviolet detector for determining a UV-A index, which is a blackening reaction sensitivity characteristic of incident light; An operation unit configured to determine a safe exposure time of skin without applying a blocking agent by performing an operation based on the UV-A index measured by the UV detection unit and the skin type index inputted through an input unit; And a display unit for displaying the safe exposure time determined by the calculation unit. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The ultraviolet detector includes a photodiode for converting an incident optical signal into an electrical signal, an ultraviolet filter disposed in an optical path before incident light reaches the photodiode, and a magnitude of an electrical signal that is electrically connected and converted to the photodiode. The measurement unit includes a measurement unit for determining the corresponding UV-B Index from the size of the measurement value, The blackening response spectrum curve of the skin for each wavelength in each region of at least a portion of the wavelength range of 280 nm to 320 nm is the relative size ratio of the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter and the value corresponding to the product of the relative reaction intensity of the photodiode. The ultraviolet light meter, characterized in that the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter is formed to match the relative size ratio of the relative reaction intensity of the phase. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, The ultraviolet detector includes a photodiode for converting an incident optical signal into an electrical signal, an ultraviolet filter disposed in an optical path before incident light reaches the photodiode, and a magnitude of an electrical signal that is electrically connected and converted to the photodiode. The measurement unit includes a measurement unit for determining a corresponding UV-A Index from the size of the measurement value, The blackening reaction spectral curve of the skin for each wavelength in at least a portion of the 310 nm to 400 nm wavelength range is a relative size ratio of the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter and the product of the relative reaction intensity of the photodiode for each wavelength. The ultraviolet light meter, characterized in that the transmittance of the ultraviolet filter is formed to match the relative size ratio of the relative reaction intensity of the phase. The method of claim 2, The calculation unit is the following formula, SPF index = amount of light per minute [mJ / ㎠] × UV-B Index × time to go out [minute] ÷ minimum erythema by skin type [MED] UV meter, characterized in that for calculating the SPF index. The method of claim 5, wherein The calculation unit is the following formula, PFA index = amount of light per minute [J / ㎠] × time to go out [min] by UV-A Index ÷ minimum amount of blackening by skin type [MPD] UV meter, characterized in that for calculating the PFA index. The method of claim 1, The safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is applied according to the SPF index is given by the following equation, Safe exposure time [min] = minimum erythema by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠] × SPF index UV measuring device, characterized in that calculated by the operation. The method of claim 1, The safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied by the SPF index is given by the following equation, Safety exposure time [min] = minimum erythema amount by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠] UV measuring device, characterized in that calculated by the operation. The method of claim 4, wherein Safety exposure time [minutes] when the sunscreen is applied according to the PFA index is the following equation, Safety exposure time [min] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ minute light amount by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] × PFA index UV measuring device, characterized in that calculated by the operation. The method of claim 4, wherein Safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied according to the PFA index is Safe exposure time [min] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ minute light quantity by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] UV measuring device, characterized in that calculated by the operation. The method of claim 7, wherein And the UV detector measures and calculates the magnitude of an electrical signal generated by the photodiode by the light passing through the UV filter instead of the UV-B index. The method of claim 8, And the UV detector measures and calculates the magnitude of an electrical signal generated in the photodiode by the light passing through the UV filter instead of the UV-A Index. In the UV meter, A reference table showing the type number of each skin reaction type according to skin type, Equipped with a sensor for obtaining the UV-B Index according to the erythema response spectrum wavelength of 280 ~ 320nm or the UV-A Index according to the wavelength of the blackening reaction spectrum 310 ~ 400nm, respectively UV detection unit for measuring the UV-B Index or UV-A Index, Index calculation unit for determining the SPF or PFA index when the sunscreen is applied or not by the UV-A Index or UV-B Index measured by the UV detection unit, An exposure time calculator configured to determine an exposure time when the sunscreen is applied or not applied by the SPF or PFA index determined by the index calculator; A display unit displaying the exposure time determined by the exposure time calculator; Ultraviolet meter including a warning for notifying the warning when the exposure time displayed by the display unit is exceeded. The method of claim 17, The ultraviolet sensor of the ultraviolet detection unit, characterized in that the gallium nitride (GaN) photodiode. The method of claim 17, The calculation unit is the following formula, SPF index = amount of light per minute [mJ / ㎠] × UV-B Index × time to go out [minute] ÷ minimum erythema by skin type [MED] To calculate the SPF index, PFA index = amount of light per minute [J / ㎠] × time to go out [min] by UV-A Index ÷ minimum amount of blackening by skin type [MPD] UV meter for calculating the PFA index by. The method of claim 17, The safe exposure time [minutes] when the sunscreen is applied by the SPF index is Safety exposure time [min] = minimum erythema amount by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠] × determined by SPF index, The safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied by the SPF index is Safety exposure time [min] = calculated by calculating the minimum amount of erythema by skin type [MED] ÷ minute light amount by UV-B Index [mJ / ㎠], The safe exposure time [minutes] when the sunscreen is applied by the PFA index, Safe exposure time [min] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ minute light amount by UV-A Index [J / ㎠] × determined by PFA index, The safe exposure time [min] when the sunscreen is not applied by the PFA index is Safety exposure time [minute] = minimum blackening amount by skin type [MPD] ÷ UV light meter, characterized in that calculated by calculating by the amount of light per minute [J / ㎠] UV-A Index. The method of claim 17, wherein the ultraviolet detection unit, One photodiode sensor, UV-B ultraviolet filter which transmits only UV-B ultraviolet rays of 280-320nm band, UV-A ultraviolet filter which transmits only UV-A ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 310 to 400 nm, In order to switch the position of the UV-B ultraviolet filter and the UV-A ultraviolet filter, having a switching position fixing groove and the switching position fixing projection to select the position of the UV-B ultraviolet filter and the UV-A ultraviolet filter Ultraviolet meter, characterized in that the filter conversion switch. The method of claim 21, An ultraviolet transmission window which is integrally installed with the case of the measuring instrument of ultraviolet rays and which visible rays are blocked; And an interference ultraviolet shielding rubber cap installed on both sides of the ultraviolet filter to block interference ultraviolet rays other than ultraviolet rays transmitted through the filter by transmitting from the ultraviolet light transmitting window.