KR20040070980A - Artificial Lake for Ecological Environment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An artificial ecology marsh appropriate for restoration of biodiversity is provided to create an ecology marsh suitable for performing ecological functions by modifying or complementing the whole or a part of existing lake, pond and reservoir to restore biodiversity. CONSTITUTION: The artificial ecology marsh comprises at least one pond which is consisted of at least one marsh, and the bottom of which is gently inclined so that the depth of water is varied from 5 cm to 2 m so that various water plants are planted correspondingly to respective depths of inhabitation; and at least one pond which are divided into at least two or more of spaces, wherein the respective divided spaces are created in such a manner that depth of the ponds is varied from 5 cm to 2 m so that water various plants are planted in the ponds correspondingly to depths of inhabitation, and wherein crops for feeding birds and rodents, and leaf-heavy willow or cottonwood having dense stems are planted in the ponds.

Description

Artificial Lake for Ecodiversity {Artificial Lake for Ecological Environment}

Field of invention

The present invention relates to the composition of an artificial ecological swamp that can effectively restore biodiversity. More specifically, the present invention is composed of at least one swamp and a gentle slope on the bottom or divided into two or more compartments of different depths so that the depth of the water is formed in various ways from about 5cm to 2m each form The present invention relates to an artificial ecological swamp formation technology capable of effectively restoring biodiversity by effectively restoring biodiversity by forming a foundation of a food chain by forming at least one pond for planting various plants suitable for depth.

Background of the Invention

With the modernization of agricultural technology, organic farming has sharply decreased, and pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, etc. have been used for farmland all over the country, and as a result, it has been based on habitats for rice fields, dum, dumbun, agricultural reservoirs, small rivers, grass fields and fields. Doo's various flora and fauna have disappeared.

In other words, not only urban areas but also rice fields in rural areas that were the basis of ecological swamps, loach, paddy field, paddy lobster, trout, lobster, silk beetle, roadrunner, firefly, rice locust, grasshopper, island west grasshopper, grasshopper, grasshopper , Cricket, earthworm, earthworm, mole, king dragonfly, long dragonfly, black dragonfly, real dragonfly, dragonfly, beetle dragonfly, butterfly dragonfly, red dragonfly, water general, whirligig, water seal, leech, crab, salty dragon Invoice, swim, tree frog, tree frog, ladybird, paddy, toad, water snake, salsa, magpie moss, snake, worm, python, lark, kingfisher, wagtail, stoop Animals such as owls, eagles, swallows, otters, etc. have become difficult to see, and the habitat bases of aquatic plants such as squirt, water squirrel, malism, black horse, crucian carp, screw, and ripple It was reduced.

However, artificial lakes artificially created by people were not suitable for ecological functions because they were created with emphasis on water storage purpose or people's landscape.

As a result of the contamination and poorly formed habitats of ecological swamps, biodiversity is not maintained and some are endangered.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a technical method for creating a variety of artificially created lakes, ponds, reservoirs and the like to function as an ecological factor recovery function. However, the use of pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, etc. in the agricultural field is difficult to reduce easily, so only the ecological swamps partially formed in the above rural areas lack the habitat base. It is necessary to be formed in the roof of the complex, inside and outside the entertainment complex, and other residential complexes and buildings in the city center, and the artificial ecological swamp of the present invention is to provide a technical method to be applied to the roof of various complexes and buildings as described above. .

The present invention focuses on various aquatic plants, which purify water by the action of self-cleaning, and act as a mother to create a healthy and abundant ecosystem. Ecologically, various lakes, ponds, reservoirs, etc., which have been formed for conventional water and landscape purposes, It is intended to create an artificial ecological swamp suitable for restoring the ecosystem by supplementing it to function and by applying it to various newly created lakes, ponds and reservoirs.

In other words, in order for a lake to form a healthy and rich ecosystem, various aquatic plants should be able to inhabit, and various animals should be able to form food chains on the basis of them. As a result of focusing on the purpose, it was difficult to access amphibians and reptiles by laying stones around lakes, and because they did not consider the ecological value and characteristics of plants, one or two kinds of landscaping purposes Planting to encroach or making the water too deep to inhabit only a few shallow areas did not create conditions for the various plants to live evenly, feed them with one or two species of ornamental fish, or cut off small artificial islands from the outside. Reservoirs that do not have a constant level throughout the year for storage purposes In the middle of the season, the water is drained during the dry season, which prevents the plants from inhabiting the plants, deteriorating the midnight and ecological functions, or simply planting grasses and ornamental trees even in the vicinity of the lake, and various plants, fishes, aquatic and waterside insects, amphibians, Reptiles and algae could not function ecologically because they did not have the proper ecological conditions to form food chains.

The present invention is to create an ecological swamp suitable for ecological functions by remodeling or supplementing all or part of existing lakes, ponds, reservoirs, etc. in order to restore biodiversity.

Another object of the present invention is to create an ecological swamp suitable for ecological functions of all or part of various newly formed lakes, ponds, reservoirs and the like.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an ecological swamp that can be formed in reservoirs, dams, etc., in which water levels are not constant throughout the year.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an eco-marsh that can be formed by using their treated water or other river water in a complex or downstream area of an environmental foundation facility for treating urban sewage, village sewage, sewage, wastewater, and the like. .

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an ecological swamp that can be formed on the roof of various concrete slab buildings.

The above and other objects of the present invention can be achieved by the present invention described below.

1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of an artificial ecological swamp according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the composition of the artificial ecological swamp divided into two or more.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the composition of an artificial ecological swamp consisting of a single pond with a gentle slope.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventionally formed lake or pond.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dam or reservoir having a high water level fluctuation during the year.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is formed in a dam or reservoir having fluctuations in water level.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is formed using treated water of sewage or wastewater.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is formed using river water.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention formed on the roof of a building.

Summary of the Invention

The ecological swamp that can effectively restore the biodiversity of the present invention is composed of at least one swamp and has a gentle slope on the bottom so that the depth of the water is formed in various ways within 5cm to 2m to suit each habitat depth At least one nail, which is planted in a variety of plants, and at least two compartments are partitioned, and each of the nails can be planted in various ways by varying the depth of each compartment within 5cm to 2m. It is composed of at least one nail, and these nails include plants that increase the self-cleaning ability of the nails, plants that feed fish and other insects of the nails, and plants that alternate in nature and live in the winter. , And fruit-bearing plants, such as birds, rodents, and fish, are planted, and in the vicinity of the pond from early spring to autumn Plants feed on algae and rodents, such as vegetation and crude barley wheat buckwheat, which provide honey to bees and butterflies by nectar, and sand mounds and grasshoppers where larks and wagtails can lay nests. Birds resting and nesting are planted with willow and cottonwood trees with dense leaves and dense stems, and a large number of ponds consist of water passages through which fish and shellfish aquatic insects can swim to adjacent ponds. In addition, the peripheral edge of the nail is divided into one or more, characterized in that the amphibians, reptiles, etc. that live with the ecological swamp can be easily accessed by smoothing the slope without the masonry.

In addition, it is possible to create the ecological swamp of the present invention that maintains a constant level throughout the year in and around the complex by using the final treated water in a treatment complex such as village sewage, urban sewage, and wastewater, and uses a riverbed or a riverbed. Such an ecological swamp can be created in the vicinity, and the ecological swamp of the present invention can be formed in a dam or a reservoir having a large fluctuation in water level during the year.

On the other hand, even on rooftops such as buildings, various ecologically resilient plants inhabiting shallow water can be planted and ecological swamps can be created on the roof using groundwater or treated sewage or stored rainwater.

Therefore, according to the present invention, various lakes, ponds, reservoirs and the like for conventional storage purposes or landscape purposes can be improved and supplemented with an improved ecological function, and various newly created lakes, ponds, reservoirs, etc. can be used for the ecological restoration function. It can be appropriately constructed, and ecological swamps can be created for the restoration of biodiversity in rural areas, park areas, industrial complexes, residential complexes, and research complexes where wastewater is treated.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the contents of the present invention.

Composition and Function of the Invention

In order for the pond to have an ecological function, a constant level of water must be maintained throughout the year, and a variety of aquatic plants that purify the pond and form the basis of ecological food must be inhabited. Aquatic plants that live in freshwater have different depths of water, depending on their type, and live at depths as low as 5 cm and as deep as 2 m.

A kite can inhabit all the depths from 5cm to 2m, and the parts can live from the depth of 5cm to 1m, and the irises only in the depth of 20cm from the waterside. Therefore, if the nails are composed of one nail and the depth is less than 2m, and the kite is planted, the kite encroaches on the nails and other species cannot be inhabited. It is unable to inhabit, and the lines or riches erode the entire pond, preventing various plants.

Therefore, the ecological functioning pond is desirable to inhabit a variety of aquatic plants by dividing the area into several areas and creating different depths and planting a variety of plants based on habitats at each depth. In addition, planted aquatic plants can supply a lot of oxygen to soils around roots according to the depth of the plant, such as lotus, buds, babies, and joules, and the submerged plants such as malm, black horse, screw, and carp dry Since the side plants supply a lot of oxygen to the water layer, swamps with various aquatic plants can be kept aerobic throughout.

Such ecological swamps must be supplied with trace amounts of oxygen required for the metabolism of animals in the winter, so they must also be inhabited with cold-resistant winter aquatic plants, such as horses that photosynthesize in water during winter. By the way, these winter plants can share the same place with some of the following plants and seasons, but do not inhabit the same place with certain plants.

In other words, the winter plants, Malism, the same plants with the following plants, such as Marum, water lily, Eoriyeon, duckweed, nagare can share the same season and alternately form, but the alternate form is not made with rope, buds, kites. Therefore, in order to be able to inhabit the winter aquatic plants, the swamp where the winter aquatic plants are planted should be selectively planted with aquatic plants.

On the other hand, aquatic plants are the self-cleaning ability of the swamp and the feeding ground of aquatic animals. This is because the aerobic microorganisms must not depart from the surroundings, and the organic matter can be broken down into inorganic matters, and the inorganic matters can be converted into oxides that can be absorbed by the plants themselves. In other words, myelin is a symbiotic relationship that provides oxygen and organic materials to microorganisms at the level of its own survival strategy and relies on its own survival for its decomposition and oxidation functions. Therefore, the swamp where the aquatic plants inhabit is rich in oxygen and soil and water, a source of organic matter rich in aquatic vegetation killed last year, and the leaves of the aquatic plant shade the sunlight, making the soil and water rich in aerobic microorganisms and animal frankton. As a feeding base for fish and shellfish in the swamp is formed, rice paddy, scallop, and crucian carp take water plants such as moss, coriander, squirrel, malm, and black horse, so that various fish and shellfish can live in the water. The food chain forms large meats, aquatic insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Thus, a wide variety of aquatic and ecologically healthy swamps can allow organic matter in the water to move out of the final water through food chains leading to aerobic microorganisms, animal franken, fry, big fish, aquatic insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. By reducing the total load of organic matter in the swamp, the water is always clear, the soil is not rotting, and can form an abundant ecosystem of many fish, aquatic insects, waterside insects, amphibians, reptiles, algae, and mammals around. will be.

Thus, the aquatic plants act as mothers of healthy ecosystem formation through the self-cleaning process and the circulation of materials, so lakes, swamps, reservoirs, etc., where the aquatic plants do not live, cannot function ecologically.

On the other hand, ecological swamps should be made to facilitate the movement of animals based on habitats even when various plants live there. In other words, the tadpoles hatch in shallow water to filter organic matter and grow up, and they move out of the water when all the legs are formed and their tails become short. When a large stone is built around the swamp, or when the slope is steep, it is difficult to move in a timely manner. Many animals feed on other animals, and if they move to a small island among the ponds, they starve to death due to lack of food or are easily eaten by the catchers. In addition, reptiles such as snakes need to be free to move in and out of the swamp to participate in ecological functions, and fish and aquatic insects also need water passages that can move all the divided areas of the swamp and adjacent swamps.

In addition, in the swamp and its surroundings, from spring to autumn, the flowering plants that feed on bees, etc., must be formed in a variety of vegetation so that they can bloom in succession. That is, dandelion, coltsfoot, horseradish, rape blossoms, plum trees, cherry trees, apricots, shamrocks, violets, irises, persimmon trees, acacia trees, etc. Yellow young kite, water cane, water lily, dry thistle, balsam, nectar, etc., Gujeolcho, wild chrysanthemum, which bloom in autumn, should be planted to maintain the flowers throughout the summer, and to feed birds, rodents, barley fields, wheat fields, Some buckwheat fields, sorghum fields, etc. must not be formed and harvested. At the same time, rice, blood, and grass grasses, which feed locusts, must be planted together.

In addition, larks and wagtails nest and breed in sand mounds, so they need to make sand mounds around swamps so that they can inhabit them. You will be able to build a nest.

The specific composition method of the ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is suited for the ecological role of the swamp as described above, is made as follows. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an artificial ecological swamp according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the composition of the artificial ecological swamp divided into two or more, and Figure 3 is a single gentle slope of the floor A cross-sectional view of an artificial ecological swamp made of nails.

Ecological swamp according to the present invention is to form a gentle slope of the bottom to a depth of 5 cm at a depth of about 2m, which can inhabit a variety of aquatic plants, or one or two kinds of aquatic plants invade the entire area of the swamp or other The swamp's plane is divided into two or more compartments so as not to disturb the habitat of the plants. Each swamp divided into a plurality of compartments is composed of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, and so on.

Among the plants that are planted, they are planted, including water plants, submerged plants, and side plants, which can supply abundant oxygen to the bottom soil layer and the water layer of the swamp, but plant various aquatic plants for each habitat depth. In addition, winter plants are planted, and winter plants are planted in the swamps share the same places as winter plants, and the summer plants can be divided by seasons.

The periphery of each swamp is a gentle slope without stacking stones or making steep slopes.

Among the plants to be planted, the plants are planted, including plants such as rice grasshoppers and butterfly larvae, and vegetables such as cabbage and radish.

Among the plants that are planted, flowering plants must be planted so that bees and butterflies can collect nectar from spring to autumn, and plants that can bloom along the pond.

Among the plants that are planted, plants that bear the fruits of birds, rodents, fish, etc. should be planted, and edible crops such as birds, barley, wheat, sorghum, and cherry trees, which feed their surroundings, are also planted around the pond. And larks, wagtails, etc. create sand mounds and grass pits to lay nesting nests, and planting bran or willow trees where other birds can rest and nest.

The swamp, which is divided into a number of parts, constitutes a waterway passage through which fish, shellfish and aquatic insects can move to all areas.

The ecological swamp can be a stable ecological basis for various aquatic plants and aquatic animals when the water depth is constant throughout the year, so that natural or agricultural water can be continuously introduced and discharged, pumped underground water, or can be used as heavy water after being treated highly. Maintain constant water levels throughout the year, such as by introducing wastewater treatment.

Since the grass around the swamp is an ecological pathway that supplements the ecological function of the swamp and connects it with the outside, the entrance and exit of the people makes the wooden bridge at a certain height from the ground and passes through the wood to prevent the grass from being damaged.

Eco-marshes are a frequent source of frightening birds, reptiles, rodents, and disturbing access and habitats. Close access should be avoided, and administrative measures such as warnings to prevent the catching of fish, shellfish and other animals in the swamps, posts explaining the importance of the swamps, and educating users in advance.

Eco-bogs suitable for the restoration of biodiversity of the present invention can be applied to all or part of various existing ponds and newly formed ponds, and from river valleys in reservoirs or dams with low water fluctuations during the year. By forming the ecological swamp of the present invention at the dam edge of the reservoir or the point where water is introduced into the reservoir or the water level, the level of the ecological swamp can be kept constant throughout the year. Many ecological factors can be spread throughout the dam.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventionally formed lake or pond, and FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventionally formed dam or reservoir with a high level of fluctuation in water level, and FIG. 6 is a dam or reservoir having a fluctuation in water level. Is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composition of the ecological swamp according to the present invention.

In addition, the ecological swamp of the present invention using the treated water may be formed in the site of the complex or in the nearby water system in a large city, a small city town unit or an industrial complex tourism amusement complex housing complex that processes sewage, wastewater, and sewage. For rivers that are less susceptible to flooding, they can be derived from stream indices or streams upstream, and can be created on site or outside the bank.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is formed by using treated water of sewage or wastewater, and FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention, which is formed using river water.

In addition, it is possible to create the ecological swamp of the present invention at a constant level throughout the year by using groundwater supply or heavy water, even for landscape ponds that are constructed in private or public parks, amusement complexes, residential complexes, workplaces, and research complexes. As one of the methods of creating an ecological swamp while greening, the ecological swamp of the present invention can be formed on the roof of a building using the previous ecologically functional plants that live in shallow water. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ecological swamp according to the present invention formed on the roof of a building.

In this way, the ecological swamp on the roof of the building is shallow and deeply divided into one or more, and inhabits shallow water, plants and flowers that cleanse water and soil, plants and flowers that call bees and butterflies, and surrounding fish and shellfish. Plant various plants such as plants and winter plants for feeding insects, and plant various varieties of flowering plants and seeds around the rooftop site to use groundwater, stored rainwater, or treated sewage as maintenance water for swamps. In this way, relatively small ecological swamps can be created. If such a small rooftop ecological swamp is formed on the rooftops of nearby buildings, they will be connected to each other, creating a large ecological swamp in the city center, which will greatly contribute to the restoration of biodiversity.

In addition, when using sewage or rainwater treated as maintenance water of rooftop ecological swamp and recycling it into heavy water such as toilet water, some or all of the rooftop ecological swamp is composed of slow-growing filter paper planted with plants. As the rooftop ecological swamp can be formed by filtering from the lower part to the upper part, the water-saving effect can also be obtained.

Ecological swamp formation method according to the present invention by making it possible to create a variety of existing lakes, ponds, reservoirs, etc., as well as a variety of newly created lakes, ponds, reservoirs, etc. that have been created for landscape and reservoir purposes It is possible to restore the habitat base of many disappearing creatures in various parts of the land, and to use the treated village sewage, urban sewage, and wastewater, etc. Ecological swamps can be created on the rooftops of concrete slab buildings as well as ecological swamps within the swamps and tourist amusement complexes, creating ecological swamps throughout rural areas, urban areas, industrial complexes, and tourism entertainment complexes throughout the country. As we can, many small-area ecosystems can be revived and they can be interconnected gradually to restore and restore large-scale ecosystems. Has the effect of the invention.

Simple modifications and variations of the present invention can be readily used by those skilled in the art, and all such variations or modifications can be considered to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

At least one pond composed of at least one swamp and a gentle slope at the bottom to form the depth of the water in various ways from about 5cm to 2m, at least one pond planting a variety of plants for each habitat depth; And At least one nail, which is divided into at least two compartments, each of which has a depth of 5 cm to 2 m and at least one nail that has various planting depths suitable for each nail; Made of The nails include the plants that increase the self-cleaning ability of the nails, the plants that feed the fish and other insects of the nails, the plants that alternate in nature in the same pond and live in the winter, and birds, rodents, fish, etc. Planting plants that bear the fruits of their food are planted, Around the ponds are planted crops that feed on algae and rodents, such as vegetation and crude barley wheat buckwheat, which bloom from early spring to autumn and provide honey to bees and butterflies, Larks, wagtails, etc. are planted with sand mounds that lay nesting nests and grassy, dense willows and cottonwood trees where grassroots and other birds can rest and nest. The nail divided into a plurality is composed of a water path passage that can be moved to aquatic fish and shellfish aquatic insects, etc., adjacent to the nail, Peripheral edges of one or more partitioned nails can be effectively restored to biodiversity, which is characterized by having a gentle slope without stony, so that amphibians, reptiles, etc. that live with ecological swamps can easily enter and exit. Artificial ecological swamp. According to claim 1, Among the various plants that are planted in the artificial swamp water purification plants, such as lead, buds, or joules with good oxygen supply to the bottom soil layer of the swamp, black horse, carp dry, Or plants such as submerged plants such as nasa, herbivorous fish and shellfish such as paddy field, crucian carp or grasshopper, and waterflies, water squirrels, tares, horseradish, duckweed, rice, or blood, which are a source of water insects, An artificial ecological swamp that can effectively restore biodiversity, characterized by the planting of winter plants that inhabit even in winter. According to claim 2, Among the various kinds of plants, lotus, water lily, yellow lotus, hyacinth, water wolves, irises, flowers such as dried flowers and plants that provide honey to bees, butterflies, etc. An artificial ecological swamp that can effectively restore biodiversity characterized by including plants that bear fruit and provide food for birds, fish, and the like. The method of claim 2, wherein in the swamp where the winter plants are planted, the plants are selected and planted in summer season plants, such as dried plants, water lilies, young lotus, duckweed, and nagarae, which share the same habitat with winter plants, and which can be divided into seasons. An artificial ecological swamp that can effectively restore the characterized biodiversity. According to claim 1, Ecologically functional vegetation planted in the vicinity of the artificial swamp plants such as barley grasses, Chinese cabbage, radish, etc. plants that feed on herbivorous insects such as rice locusts, butterfly larvae, and flowers from early spring to autumn Dandelion, coltsfoot, horseradish, rape blossom, plum tree, cherry tree, apricot tree, peach tree, shamrock, violet, iris, persimmon tree, acacia tree, thistle, balsam, nectar, forget-me-not and forget-me-not to provide honey to bees and butterflies Flowering plants, such as gujeolcho, wild chrysanthemum, grain plants such as birds, barley, wheat, buckwheat, and sorghum, which feed on birds and rodents, and willow, aspen or reed forests, where birds nest and resting places are formed. Artificial ecological swamp that can effectively restore the biodiversity characterized in that it is included. The method of claim 1, wherein the ecological swamp may be applied to all or part of existing lakes and newly formed lakes at different sizes, and even to dams or reservoirs with fluctuating water levels. B. Artificial ecology that can effectively restore biodiversity, which can be formed at the bottom of shallow waters where valley water flows in, and it can be formed to maintain a constant level throughout the year by introducing natural or treated sewage into the swamp. swamp. The artificial ecology of claim 6, wherein the ecological swamp is reduced in size and depth and can be formed on the roof of a building using treated sewage, stored rainwater or groundwater. Ecological swamps.