KR20040067548A - a hybrid type manufacturing system for compressed cold air - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hybrid type cold air generator is provided to supply oil mist and cold air to a machining point during a metal machining process by using a cutter to cool heat generated from the machining process. CONSTITUTION: A hybrid type cold air is composed of an oil mist unit(6) for spraying cutting oil into oil mist through an oil mist nozzle(62), a cooler for converting coolant from air to liquid, a cold air generating unit(2) for discharging cooled air through a cooling nozzle(28), an air compressor(4) for supplying compressed air to the oil mist unit and the cold air generating unit, and a temperature controller cooling the cutting oil in a certain temperature. The oil mist and the cold air are provided to a machining point through the oil mist nozzle and the cooling nozzle during a metal machining process.

Description

Hybrid type manufacturing system for compressed cold air}

The present invention relates to a hybrid type cold air generating device, and more particularly, by supplying an oil mist to a machining point during cutting, and by spraying compressed cooling air, the surface processing quality of the workpiece can be improved, and cutting oil And it relates to a hybrid type cold air generating device that enables the temperature control of the spindle oil.

In recent years, environmental issues are of great concern in the industrial field, and various studies are being conducted to reduce environmental pollution. Cutting oils have the greatest impact on the environment during the machining process. In the machining process, a large amount of cutting oil is used for lubrication between the tool (grind, cutting bite, etc.) and the workpiece, cooling the workpiece, and ejecting the chips.

The cutting oil contains substances such as chlorine (Cl), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P) in order to have properties such as lubricity, cooling, and washability.

These additives are finely blown into the air during processing, worsening the working environment, adversely affecting workers, and causing environmental pollution.

In addition, in the process of waste oil treatment of the used cutting oil takes a huge difficulty and enormous costs, and when incinerated cutting oil emits carbon dioxide and dioxin, it causes environmental pollution.

In order to solve these problems, researches have recently been conducted such as semi-dry machining that uses no cutting oil (dry machining) or uses only a very small amount, technology for recycling used cutting oil, and development of environmentally friendly cutting oil.

However, when the coolant is not used or uses less, as described above, there is a problem that the thermal deformation of the workpiece results in worse mechanical properties and surface quality.

In addition, the spindle oil used in the cutting oil or the spindle device has a problem that deterioration and decay due to the temperature rise when the environment of the workplace is high temperature, such as summer.

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, in the CNC cylindrical cutting machine or CNC Cam Profile cutting machine to supply the oil mist in the form of fine particles to the processing point and at the same time cooling the heat generated during processing by supplying compressed cooling air The surface quality of the workpiece can be improved, and the condition of grinding surface can be obtained at the same time by removing the chips between the grindstone particles by the flow rate of compressed cooling air, and at the same time, the high temperature working environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid type cold air generating device that can keep the cutting oil and spindle oil at a low temperature to prevent deterioration and corruption.

Figure 1a is a front view of a hybrid type cold air generating device according to the present invention

Figure 1b is a rear view of the hybrid type cold air generating device according to the present invention.

Figure 1c is a side view of a hybrid type cold air generator according to the present invention

2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid type cold wind generating device according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a hybrid type cold air generating device according to the present invention

4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are cross-sectional views schematically showing a method of supplying cold air and oil mist in a hybrid type cold air generator according to the present invention.

Figures 5a and 5b is an exemplary view showing the surface quality of the workpiece according to the cold air and the oil mist supply method in Figures 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

2: cold air generating unit 3: cooling unit

4: air compressor 5: temperature control unit

6: oil mist device 21: primary pressure regulator

22: dehumidifier 23: secondary pressure regulator

24; Air Flowmeter 25: Defrost Heater

26: first heat exchanger 27; Second heat exchanger

28: cooling nozzle 52: third heat exchanger

54: storage tank 56: circulation piping

57: oil pump 62: oil mist nozzle

560: bypass tube

The present invention to achieve the above object

An air compressor for compressing external air and supplying compressed air to an oil mist device and a cold air generating device; An oil mist device unit for atomizing cutting oil by compressed air supplied from the air compressor and spraying the cutting oil to a processing point through an oil mist nozzle; A cooling unit comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and a heat exchanger, which converts a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid state to circulate the heat exchanger; A pressure regulator for regulating the pressure of the compressed air introduced from the air compressor, a dehumidifier for removing humidity, first and second heat exchangers for cooling the introduced compressed air by heat exchange, and a cooling in which the compressed cooled air is discharged A cold wind generating unit comprising a nozzle; And a temperature control unit which maintains the cutting oil and the spindle oil at an appropriate temperature by heat exchange.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A is a front view of a hybrid type cold wind generator according to the present invention, FIG. 1B is a rear view of a hybrid type cold wind generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 1C is a hybrid type cold wind generator according to the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid type cold air generating device according to the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 3,

The oil mist device unit 6 sprays the cutting oil atomized by the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 4 at a flow rate of 4 cc / h and a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.7 MPa to the processing point through the oil mist nozzle 62. It was made.

The cooling unit (3) is a compressor (32) for sucking and compressing the evaporated refrigerant to increase the pressure and temperature, and the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 32 to drive the fan 500 Condenser (31), which is deprived of heat and converted into a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid as the temperature drops, and the pressure is lowered to easily evaporate the liquid refrigerant from the condenser (31) at a high temperature. First and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 for expanding the stool 36 to convert to a liquid phase and one side of the low temperature low pressure refrigerant to circulate, and the other side to circulate the inlet air to cool the inlet air by heat exchange. Furnace is composed of a conventional refrigeration cycle.

In this case, the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 have a double pipe structure, and a refrigerant pipe of the cooling unit 3 is installed at one side, and an air transfer pipe is installed at the other side to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the inlet air. As a result, the compressed air introduced by heat exchange with the low temperature refrigerant is changed to low temperature.

The cold air generating unit 2 and the primary and secondary pressure regulators (21, 23) for adjusting the pressure of the compressed air introduced from the air compressor (4),

Dehumidifier 22 to remove the humidity contained in the compressed air introduced;

An air flow meter 24 for precisely controlling the pressure and flow rate of the compressed air supplied into the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27,

A defrost heater 25 installed in communication with the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 to supply heated air;

First and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 installed to cool the compressed air required for cutting by heat exchange with a refrigerant;

It consists of a cooling nozzle 28 for discharging the compressed air cooled through the first and second heat exchangers (26, 27).

The proper air pressure finally adjusted by the primary and secondary pressure regulators 21 and 23 is 4.8 kg / cm 2, and the most appropriate amount of air controlled by the air flow meter is 400 L / min.

The dehumidifier 22 is an adsorption type or a refrigeration type that can reduce moisture in the air to within 5% using silica gel.

At this time, the adsorption is a hassle to replace the silica gel every predetermined period, the freezing has a disadvantage that it is difficult to reduce the moisture in the air to within 5%.

In the defrost heater 25, condensation may occur on the surface of the refrigerant pipe during the heat exchange of the air introduced into the first and the second materials, and the condensation heater 25 may reduce heat exchange efficiency. To supply heated air.

In addition, the introduced air is cooled to about −25 ° C. while passing through the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27, and then injected through the cooling nozzle 28.

The temperature control part 5 includes a storage tank 54 in which cutting oil or spindle oil is stored, a third heat exchanger 52 to which a refrigerant pipe of the cooling part 3 and a circulation pipe 56 of the storage tank 54 are connected. The oil pump 57 is installed on the circulation pipe 56 to circulate the cutting oil or the spindle oil stored in the storage tank 54 so as to be cooled to a temperature set by heat exchange.

That is, when the oil pump 57 is driven, the cutting oil and the spindle oil stored in the storage tank 54 are cooled by the third heat exchanger 52 while being transferred through the circulation pipe 56, thereby storing the storage tank 54. The internal temperature can be kept at a constant temperature.

At this time, the actual temperature of the cutting oil or the spindle oil by the heat exchange is preferably controlled within the set temperature and the error range within ± 1 ℃.

In addition, the oil pump 57 is on-off operation by a temperature sensor (not shown) installed inside the storage tank 54 to maintain the stored cutting oil and spindle oil at a set temperature. The bypass pipe 560 is installed at one end of the circulation pipe 56 so that the cutting oil or the spindle oil filled in the circulation pipe can be discharged into the storage tank when the circulation pump is broken or requires other maintenance.

Referring to one embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the oil mist device unit 6 and the cold wind generator unit 2 are installed in a cutting machine KGN32-100.

At this time, the oil mist nozzle 62 of the oil mist device unit 6 and the cooling nozzle 28 of the cold air generator unit 2 are processed in the workpiece 100 mounted on the chuck 140 and the tail stock 120. Point to the point.

Then, when the switch (not shown) is turned on, the cooling unit 3 supplies the refrigerant to the first and second first and second ones by a normal refrigeration cycle (compression-> condensation-> expansion-> evaporation). , 27).

On the other hand, the air supplied from the air compressor (4) is compressed to about 4.8 kg / ㎠ while passing through the primary and secondary pressure regulators (21, 23) and at the same time moisture contained in the air by the dehumidifier (22) After it is removed, it is transferred to the air flow meter 24.

The air introduced into the air flow meter 24 is supplied to the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 after being adjusted to about 400 L / min, which is the most appropriate amount.

The compressed air introduced into the first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 is cooled to about −35 ° C. to 0 ° C. by heat exchange with a refrigerant, and then injected into the processing point through the cooling nozzle 28.

Separately, the air supplied from the air compressor 4 is supplied to the oil mist device unit 6 to atomize the cutting oil, and then flows 4cc / h and 0.4MPa pressure to the processing point through the oil mist nozzle 62. It is injected to a processing point at -0.7 MPa.

At this time, there are many differences in the surface quality of the workpiece depending on the injection position of the oil mist nozzle 62 and the cooling nozzle 28.

4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D illustrate four embodiments in which the injection positions of the oil mist nozzle and the cooling nozzle are changed.

FIG. 5A also graphically shows the surface roughness of the workpieces for the four embodiments, and FIG. 5B graphically shows the roundness of the workpieces for the four embodiments.

As can be seen from the graph of the surface quality, it is possible to obtain the best surface quality by determining the injection position of the oil mist nozzle and cooling nozzle by the method shown in FIGS. 4C (type 3) and 4D (type 4). .

That is, FIG. 4C shows that the oil mist nozzle 62 is installed by aiming the cutting surface of the grinding wheel 150, and the cooling nozzle 28 is installed by aiming the ground point of the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel 150. .

4D illustrates that the oil mist nozzle 62 is installed by aiming one side of the ground point of the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel 150, and the cooling nozzle 28 is the other side of the ground point of the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel 150. Aim to install.

Reference numeral 33 is an oil separator, 34 is a dryer, 35 is a liquid separator, 36 is an expansion valve, 37 is an electronic valve, 38 is a receiver, 50 is a three-way valve, 100 is a workpiece, 150 Indicates a grinding wheel.

As described above, according to the hybrid type cold air generating device according to the present invention, in the metal processing using a cutting machine to cool the heat generated during the processing by supplying the cool air and at the same time supplying the oil mist in the form of fine particles to the processing point. It is possible to improve the surface quality of the workpiece, to obtain the conditioning effect to remove the chips between the grindstone particles by the flow rate of the cold wind to make the condition of the grinding wheel surface constant, by controlling the temperature of cutting oil and spindle oil There is no fear of deterioration and more stable processing performance can be provided.

Claims (6)

An air compressor (4) for compressing external air to supply compressed air to the oil mist device (6) and the cold air generator (2); An oil mist device unit 6 for atomizing cutting oil by compressed air supplied from the air compressor 4 and spraying the cutting oil to a processing point through an oil mist nozzle 62; Compressor 32, condenser 31, expansion valve 36, and first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 convert the refrigerant in a high temperature and high pressure gas state into a low temperature and low pressure liquid state. A cooling unit 3 which is circulated to the second heat exchangers 26 and 27, and Primary and secondary pressure regulators 21 and 23 for adjusting the pressure of the compressed air introduced from the air compressor 6, Dehumidifier 22 for removing the humidity contained in the compressed air, and the first And an air flow meter 24 for precisely controlling the pressure and flow rate of the compressed air supplied into the second heat exchanger 26, 27, and the first and second heat exchangers 26, 27 to supply heated air. A defrost heater 25 in communication with each other, first and second heat exchangers 26 and 27 provided for cooling compressed air required for cutting by heat exchange with a refrigerant, and the first and second heat exchangers. A cold wind generating unit 2 composed of a cooling nozzle 28 for discharging the compressed air cooled through the air 26 and 27; And a third heat exchanger 52 to which a cutting tank 54 storing cutting oil and spindle oil, a refrigerant pipe of the cooling unit 3, and a circulation pipe 56 of the storage tank 54 are connected. An oil pump 57 is installed on the pipe 56 to circulate the cutting oil or the spindle oil stored in the storage tank 54 so as to cool it to a temperature set by heat exchange; , Through the oil mist nozzle 62 and the cooling nozzle 28, it is possible to supply a very small amount of atomized oil and cooling air to the processing point during the metal processing, and also to store the cutting oil and the spindle oil at a constant temperature Hybrid type cold wind generator. The oil mist nozzle 62 is installed by aiming the cutting surface of the grinding wheel 150, the cooling nozzle 28 is installed by aiming the ground point of the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel 150. Hybrid type cold air generating device characterized in that. According to claim 1 or 2, the oil mist nozzle 62 is installed by aiming one side of the ground point of the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel 150, the cooling nozzle 28 is the workpiece 100 and the grinding wheel ( Hybrid type cold wind generating device, characterized in that installed by aiming the other side of the ground point. According to claim 1 or claim 2, The actual temperature of the stored cutting oil and the spindle oil is a hybrid type cold air generator, characterized in that the set temperature and the error range is controlled within ± 1 ℃. The hybrid type cold air generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oil injected through the oil mist nozzle (62) has a flow rate of 4 cc / h and a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.7 MPa. The hybrid type air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling air injected through the cooling nozzle 28 has a pressure of 4.8 kg / cm 2, a flow rate of 400 l / min, and a temperature of -35 ° C to 0 ° C. Cold air generator.