KR20040021374A - Method for forming shallow trench isolation of semiconductor element - Google Patents
Method for forming shallow trench isolation of semiconductor element Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040021374A KR20040021374A KR1020020053195A KR20020053195A KR20040021374A KR 20040021374 A KR20040021374 A KR 20040021374A KR 1020020053195 A KR1020020053195 A KR 1020020053195A KR 20020053195 A KR20020053195 A KR 20020053195A KR 20040021374 A KR20040021374 A KR 20040021374A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/76224—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using trench refilling with dielectric materials
- H01L21/76232—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using trench refilling with dielectric materials of trenches having a shape other than rectangular or V-shape, e.g. rounded corners, oblique or rounded trench walls
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02057—Cleaning during device manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/308—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31144—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means using masks
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 트렌치의 형성을 위해 사용한 마스크 패턴을 수정한 후 질화막을 식각하여 개구부를 넓힘으로써 이후 갭필 공정을 용이하게 수행할 수 있도록 한 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of forming a shallow trench isolation layer of a semiconductor device, and more particularly, by modifying a mask pattern used for forming a trench and then etching the nitride layer to widen the opening, thereby easily performing a gapfill process. A method for forming a shallow trench separator in a semiconductor device is disclosed.
주지와 같이, 반도체 소자에는 트랜지스터(transistor), 캐패시터(capacitor) 등의 단위 소자로 된 셀들이 반도체 소자의 용량에 따라 한정된 면적내에 다수개가 집적되는데, 이러한 셀들은 서로 독립적인 동작 특성을 위하여 전기적인 격리가 필요하다.As is well known, in semiconductor devices, a plurality of cells including unit devices such as transistors and capacitors are integrated in a limited area according to the capacity of the semiconductor devices, and these cells are electrically connected for mutually independent operation characteristics. Isolation is required.
따라서, 이러한 셀들간의 전기적인 격리를 위한 방편으로서, 실리콘 기판을 리세스(recess)하고 필드 산화막을 성장시키는 실리콘 부분 산화(LOCal Oxidation of Silicon; LOCOS)와, 웨이퍼(wafer)를 수직방향으로 식각하여 절연 물질로 매립하는 셀로우 트렌치 분리(Shallow Trench Isolation; STI)가 잘 알려져 있다.Accordingly, as a means for electrical isolation between these cells, a LOCal Oxidation of Silicon (LOCOS) that recesses a silicon substrate and grows a field oxide layer, and a wafer is vertically etched. Shallow Trench Isolation (STI), which is embedded in an insulating material, is well known.
이 중에서 STI는 반응성 이온 식각(Reactive Ion Etching ; RIE)이나 플라즈마 식각과 같은 건식 식각 기술을 사용하여 좁고 깊은 트렌치를 만들고, 그 속에 절연막을 채우는 방법으로 실리콘 웨이퍼에 트렌치를 만들어 절연물을 집어넣기 때문에 버즈 비크와 관련된 문제가 없어진다. 또한 절연막이 채워진 트렌치는 표면을 평탄하게 하므로 소자 분리 영역이 차지하는 면적이 작아서 미세화에 유리한 방법이다.Among them, STI uses a dry etching technique such as reactive ion etching (RIE) or plasma etching to make narrow and deep trenches, and fills an insulating layer with a trench to insulate the silicon wafer so that an insulator is buzzed. The problem with the viking is eliminated. In addition, since the trench filled with the insulating film is flattened, the area occupied by the device isolation region is small, which is advantageous for miniaturization.
이와 같이, 소자 활성 영역의 확보 측면에서 유리한 STI는 접합 누설 전류면에서도 LOCOS에 비해 향상된 특성을 보이고 있다.As described above, STI, which is advantageous in terms of securing an active region of the device, exhibits improved characteristics compared to LOCOS in terms of junction leakage current.
도 1a 내지 도 1e는 종래 기술에 따른 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도이다.1A to 1E are cross-sectional views of a device for explaining a method of forming a trench trench isolation layer of a semiconductor device according to the prior art.
도 1a를 참조하면, 소자간 분리를 위한 트렌치를 형성하고자 하는 실리콘 기판(11)상에 산화막(13)을 형성하며, 산화막(13)상에 질화막(15)을 적층한다. 그 위에 식각 마스크로서 사용할 물질인 포토레지스트를 도포하여 포토레지스트층(17)을 형성한 후 포토레지스트층(17)을 패터닝하여 식각하고자 하는 부분을 노출시키는 포토레지스트 패턴을 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 1A, an oxide film 13 is formed on a silicon substrate 11 to form a trench for isolation between devices, and a nitride film 15 is stacked on the oxide film 13. A photoresist, which is a material to be used as an etching mask, is applied thereon to form the photoresist layer 17, and then the photoresist layer 17 is patterned to form a photoresist pattern exposing portions to be etched.
도 1b를 참조하면, 포토레지스트층(17)을 식각 마스크로 하여 질화막(15)과산화막(13)을 실리콘 기판(11)이 노출될 때까지 선택적으로 건식 식각하며, 실리콘 기판(11)의 노출 부분을 소정 두께로 건식 식각하여 트렌치(T)를 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 1B, using the photoresist layer 17 as an etching mask, the nitride film 15 and the oxide film 13 are selectively dry-etched until the silicon substrate 11 is exposed, and the silicon substrate 11 is exposed. The portion is dry etched to a predetermined thickness to form a trench T.
도 1c 및 도 1d를 참조하면, 포토레지스트층(17)을 제거한 후 세정 공정을 거치며, STI 라이너 산화(Liner Oxidation) 공정을 수행, 즉 열공정을 통해 트렌치(T)의 표면을 성장시켜 트렌치 라이너 산화막(19)을 형성한다.Referring to FIGS. 1C and 1D, the photoresist layer 17 is removed, followed by a cleaning process, and an STI liner oxidation process, that is, a surface of the trench T is grown through a thermal process to form a trench liner. An oxide film 19 is formed.
도 1e를 참조하면, 도 1a 내지 도 1d의 공정을 거친 트렌치(T)를 포함한 구조물 전면에 트렌치 충진(trench filling) 물질을 증착하여 트렌치 분리막(21)을 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 1E, a trench filling material is deposited on the entire surface of the structure including the trench T through the process of FIGS. 1A to 1D to form the trench isolation layer 21.
이후, 화학적기계적연마(CMP) 공정을 수행하여 질화막(15)의 상부 영역에 존재하는 트렌치 분리막(21)을 제거하며, 질화막(15)을 습식 식각하여 제거하고, 이온 주입 등의 여러 공정을 거친 후 게이트 산화막을 성장시키기 전 사전 세정 공정을 진행한다.Thereafter, the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process is performed to remove the trench separation membrane 21 present in the upper region of the nitride layer 15, and the nitride layer 15 is wet-etched and removed, and various processes such as ion implantation are performed. Thereafter, a pre-cleaning process is performed before the gate oxide film is grown.
한편, 근래에는 반도체 장치의 집적도가 높아지면서 기판 상에 형성되는 패턴들의 단차가 커지고 패턴들 간의 간격도 매우 좁아진다. 이에 따라 얇고 깊게 형성된 트렌치 내부에 절연막을 채우는 갭필(Gap Fill) 과정이 매우 어려워지고, 이에 따른 단차 불량 등의 갭필 불량은 후속 CMP 공정에서 평탄화 불량을 유발할 우려가 매우 높은 문제점이 있었다.On the other hand, in recent years, as the degree of integration of semiconductor devices increases, the step height of patterns formed on a substrate increases, and the spacing between patterns becomes very narrow. Accordingly, a gap fill process of filling an insulating layer in a thin and deeply formed trench becomes very difficult, and gap fill defects such as step defects have a high possibility of causing planarization defects in a subsequent CMP process.
본 발명은 이와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 제안한 것으로, 그 목적하는 바는 트렌치의 형성을 위해 사용한 마스크 패턴을 수정한 후 질화막을 식각하여 개구부를 넓힘으로써 이후 갭필 공정을 용이하게 수행할 수 있도록 하는 데 있다.The present invention has been proposed to solve such a conventional problem, and its purpose is to modify the mask pattern used to form the trench, and then to etch the nitride film to widen the opening so that the gap fill process can be easily performed thereafter. There is.
이와 같은 목적을 실현하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 반도체 소자의 트렌치 형성 방법은, 실리콘 기판상에 산화막과 질화막을 순차 적층하는 제 1 단계와, 상기 질화막 상부에 포토레지스트층을 형성한 후 상기 포토레지스트층을 패터닝하여 식각하고자 하는 부분을 노출시키는 포토레지스트 패턴을 형성하는 제 2 단계와, 상기 포토레지스트층을 식각 마스크로 하여 상기 실리콘 기판에 트렌치를 형성하는 제 3 단계와, 상기 포토레지스트층의 상면과 측면을 소정 두께로 제거하여 마스크 패턴을 수정하는 제 4 단계와, 상기 패턴이 수정된 포토레지스트층을 식각 마스크로 하여 상기 질화막을 선택적으로 건식 식각하여 개구부를 넓히는 제 5 단계와, 상기 포토레지스트층을 제거한 후 세정 공정을 거치며 트렌치를 포함한 구조물 전면에 트렌치 충진 물질을 증착하여 트렌치 분리막을 형성하는 제 6 단계를 포함한다.A trench forming method of a semiconductor device according to the present invention for realizing the above object comprises a first step of sequentially stacking an oxide film and a nitride film on a silicon substrate, and after forming a photoresist layer on the nitride film, the photoresist layer A second step of forming a photoresist pattern exposing a portion to be etched by patterning the first photoresist, a third step of forming a trench in the silicon substrate using the photoresist layer as an etching mask, and an upper surface of the photoresist layer; A fourth step of modifying a mask pattern by removing side surfaces to a predetermined thickness, a fifth step of selectively dry-etching the nitride film using the photoresist layer having the modified pattern as an etching mask to widen the opening, and the photoresist layer After cleaning, go through the cleaning process and apply the trench filling material to the front of the structure including the trench. And depositing a trench separator to form a trench separator.
도 1a 내지 도 1e는 종래 기술에 따른 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도,1A to 1E are cross-sectional views of a device for describing a method of forming a trench trench separator of a semiconductor device according to the prior art;
도 2a 내지 도 2e는 본 발명에 따른 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도.2A to 2E are cross-sectional views of a device for explaining a method of forming a trench trench separator of a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
본 발명의 실시예로는 다수개가 존재할 수 있으며, 이하에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 이 실시예를 통해 본 발명의 목적, 특징 및 이점들을 보다 잘 이해할 수 있게 된다.There may be a plurality of embodiments of the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment allows for a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention.
도 2a 내지 도 2e는 본 발명에 따른 반도체 소자의 셀로우 트렌치 분리막 형성 방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도이다.2A to 2E are cross-sectional views of devices for describing a method of forming a trench trench isolation layer in a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
도 2a를 참조하면, 소자간 분리를 위한 트렌치를 형성하고자 하는 실리콘 기판(101)상에 산화막(103)을 형성하며, 산화막(103)상에 질화막(105)을 적층한다.그 위에 식각 마스크로서 사용할 물질인 포토레지스트를 도포하여 포토레지스트층(107)을 형성한 후 포토레지스트층(107)을 패터닝하여 식각하고자 하는 부분을 노출시키는 포토레지스트 패턴을 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 2A, an oxide film 103 is formed on a silicon substrate 101 on which a trench for isolation between devices is to be formed, and a nitride film 105 is stacked on the oxide film 103. After forming a photoresist layer 107 by applying a photoresist, which is a material to be used, the photoresist layer 107 is patterned to form a photoresist pattern exposing portions to be etched.
도 2b를 참조하면, 포토레지스트층(107)을 식각 마스크로 하여 질화막(105)과 산화막(103)을 실리콘 기판(101)이 노출될 때까지 선택적으로 건식 식각하며, 실리콘 기판(101)의 노출 부분을 소정 두께로 건식 식각하여 트렌치(T)를 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 2B, using the photoresist layer 107 as an etching mask, the nitride film 105 and the oxide film 103 are selectively dry-etched until the silicon substrate 101 is exposed, and the silicon substrate 101 is exposed. The portion is dry etched to a predetermined thickness to form a trench T.
도 2c를 참조하면, 디스컴(Descum) 공정을 적용하여 포토레지스트층(107)의 상면과 측면을 소정 두께로 제거하여 마스크 패턴을 수정한다.Referring to FIG. 2C, a mask pattern is modified by removing a top surface and a side surface of the photoresist layer 107 to a predetermined thickness by applying a desc process.
도 2d를 참조하면, 패턴이 수정된 포토레지스트층(107)을 식각 마스크로 하여 질화막(105)을 선택적으로 건식 식각하는데, 이때 갭필 공정의 용이성을 극대화시키기 위하여 질화막(105)을 트렌치(T)쪽으로 내리막 경사지게 식각함으로써 개구부를 넓힌다.Referring to FIG. 2D, the nitride film 105 is selectively dry-etched using the patterned photoresist layer 107 as an etch mask, wherein the nitride film 105 is trenched in order to maximize the ease of the gap fill process. The opening is widened by etching downhill to the side.
도 2e를 참조하면, 포토레지스트층(107)을 제거한 후 세정 공정을 거치며, STI 라이너 산화(Liner Oxidation) 공정을 수행, 즉 열공정을 통해 트렌치(T)의 표면을 성장시켜 트렌치 라이너 산화막(109)을 형성하며, 트렌치(T)를 포함한 구조물 전면에 트렌치 충진(trench filling) 물질을 증착하여 트렌치 분리막(201)을 형성한다.Referring to FIG. 2E, the photoresist layer 107 is removed, followed by a cleaning process, and an STI liner oxidation process, that is, a surface of the trench T is grown through a thermal process to grow the trench liner oxide layer 109. ) To form a trench isolation layer 201 by depositing a trench filling material on the entire surface of the structure including the trench T.
아울러, 화학적기계적연마(CMP) 공정을 수행하여 질화막(105)의 상부 영역에 존재하는 트렌치 분리막(201)을 제거하며, 질화막(105)을 습식 식각하여 제거하고,이온 주입 등의 여러 공정을 거친 후 게이트 산화막을 성장시키기 전 사전 세정 공정을 진행한다.In addition, by performing a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process to remove the trench separation membrane 201 in the upper region of the nitride film 105, by removing the nitride film 105 by wet etching, and undergoing various processes such as ion implantation Thereafter, a pre-cleaning process is performed before the gate oxide film is grown.
전술한 바와 같이 본 발명은 트렌치의 형성을 위해 사용한 마스크 패턴을 수정한 후 질화막을 식각하여 개구부를 넓힘으로써 이후 갭필 공정을 용이하게 수행할 수 있으며, 이로서 후속 CMP 공정에서 평탄화가 정상적으로 이루어져 소자의 전기적 특성 및 수율이 향상되는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention can easily perform the gap fill process by modifying the mask pattern used for forming the trench and then etching the nitride film to widen the opening, thereby flattening the device in a subsequent CMP process. There is an effect that the characteristics and yield are improved.
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