KR20040013949A - In plane switching liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
In plane switching liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040013949A KR20040013949A KR1020020047100A KR20020047100A KR20040013949A KR 20040013949 A KR20040013949 A KR 20040013949A KR 1020020047100 A KR1020020047100 A KR 1020020047100A KR 20020047100 A KR20020047100 A KR 20020047100A KR 20040013949 A KR20040013949 A KR 20040013949A
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/121—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode common or background
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 액정 표시 소자(liquid crystal display device)에 관한 것으로, 특히 기존의 IPS(in plane switching) 모드에 비해서 시야각 특성이 더욱 개선된 횡전계방식 액정 표시 장치에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in which a viewing angle characteristic is further improved compared to a conventional in plane switching (IPS) mode.
통상적으로, 액정 표시 장치는 경량, 박형, 저소비 전력구동 등의 특징으로 인해 그 응용범위가 점차 넓어지고 있는 추세에 있다. 이러한 추세에 따라, LCD는 사무자동화 기기, 오디오/비디오 기기등에 이용되고 있는 실정이다. 한편, LCD는 매트릭스 형태로 배열되어진 다수의 제어용 스위치들에 인가되는 영상신호에 따라 광빔의 투과량이 조절되어 화면에 원하는 화상을 표시하게 된다.In general, liquid crystal display devices tend to be gradually widened due to their light weight, thinness, and low power consumption. According to this trend, LCD is being used for office automation equipment, audio / video equipment, and the like. On the other hand, the LCD is controlled to display the desired image on the screen by adjusting the transmission amount of the light beam according to the image signal applied to the plurality of control switches arranged in a matrix form.
고화질, 저전력의 표시소자로서 주로 사용되는 트위스트네마틱 모드(twisted nematic mode) 액정 표시 소자는 시야각이 좁다는 단점이 있다. 이것은 액정분자의 굴절율 이방성(refractive anisotropy)에 기인하는 것으로, 기판과 수평하게 배향된 액정분자가 액정패널(liquid crystal display panel)에 전압이 인가될 때 기판과 거의 수직방향으로 배향되기 때문이다.The twisted nematic mode liquid crystal display device, which is mainly used as a display device of high quality and low power, has a disadvantage in that the viewing angle is narrow. This is due to the refractive anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, because the liquid crystal molecules oriented horizontally with the substrate are oriented almost perpendicular to the substrate when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display panel.
따라서, 액정분자를 기판과 거의 수평한 방향으로 배향하여 시야각 문제를 해결하는 횡전계방식 액정 표시소자(In Plane Switching mode LCD)가 최근에 활발하게 연구되고 있다.Accordingly, in-plane switching mode LCD (LCD), which solves the viewing angle problem by aligning liquid crystal molecules in a substantially horizontal direction with a substrate, has been actively studied in recent years.
도 1은 일반적인 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자를 도시한 단면도이다.1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.
도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자는 투명한 기판(26) 상에 칼라필터(23), 블랙매트릭스(21), 평탄화막(25)이 형성된 상부 기판(20)과 투명한 기판 상에(7) 박막 트랜지스터(t)와 화소영역이 정의된 하부기판(10)이 액정층(30)을 사이에 두고 서로 대향하고 있으며, 상부기판(20)의 상부 및 하부기판(10)의 하부에는 편광판(28,17)이 부착되어 있다.As shown in the figure, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is disposed on the transparent substrate 26 and the upper substrate 20 having the color filter 23, the black matrix 21, and the planarization film 25 formed thereon. (7) The thin film transistor t and the lower substrate 10 having pixel regions defined therebetween face each other with the liquid crystal layer 30 interposed therebetween, and the upper and lower portions of the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 10 Polarizing plates 28 and 17 are attached.
상기 박막 트랜지스터(t)는 게이트 전극(5), 반도체층(15) 및 소스/드레인 전극(6a,6b)으로 형성되어 있으며, 상기 게이트 전극(5) 및 반도체층(15) 사이에는 이들간의 절연을 위해서 게이트 절연막(11)이 개재되어 있다. 또한, 상기 소스/드레인 전극(6a,6b) 및 기판 전면에 걸쳐서 보호막(13)이 형성되어 있다.The thin film transistor t is formed of a gate electrode 5, a semiconductor layer 15, and source / drain electrodes 6a and 6b, and an insulating therebetween is formed between the gate electrode 5 and the semiconductor layer 15. For this purpose, the gate insulating film 11 is interposed. In addition, a protective film 13 is formed over the source / drain electrodes 6a and 6b and the entire substrate.
또한, 게이트 라인(미도시)과 데이터 라인(미도시)에 의해서 정의되는 화소 영역에는 서로 평행하게 배열되어 액정분자를 스위칭 시키는 적어도 한쌍의 전극 즉, 화소전극(8)과 공통전극(9)이 형성되어 있다. 화소전극(8)은 박막 트랜지스터(t)의 드레인 전극(6b)에 연결되어 박막 트랜지스터(t)를 통해 외부로부터의 전압이 인가되어 양전극(8, 9) 사이에 횡전계가 발생한다.In addition, at least one pair of electrodes arranged in parallel with each other to switch the liquid crystal molecules, that is, the pixel electrode 8 and the common electrode 9, are arranged in a pixel area defined by the gate line and the data line. Formed. The pixel electrode 8 is connected to the drain electrode 6b of the thin film transistor t so that a voltage from the outside is applied through the thin film transistor t to generate a transverse electric field between the positive electrodes 8 and 9.
또한, 상기 상부기판(20) 및 하부기판(10)에 부착된 편광판(28,17)은 광빔의 편광특성을 변환시키는 역할을 하며 도 2와 같은 구조를 가진다.In addition, the polarizing plates 28 and 17 attached to the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 10 serve to convert polarization characteristics of the light beam and have a structure as shown in FIG. 2.
도 2는 편광판의 구조를 도시한 상세도면으로 도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 편광필름(31)을 사이에 두고 그 상,하부에 TAC층(Tri-Acetyl-Cellulose)(33a,33b)이 형성되어 있으며, 그 하부에는 기판과의 부착을 위한 점착층(35)이 형성되어 있다.2 is a detailed view showing the structure of the polarizing plate, as shown in the figure, the TAC layer (Tri-Acetyl-Cellulose) (33a, 33b) is formed on the upper and lower portions of the polarizing film 31 in between In the lower portion, an adhesive layer 35 is attached to the substrate.
상기 TAC층(33a,33b)은 상기 편광필름(31)을 지지해주는 역할을 함과 아울러위상차를 보상해준다. 상기 TAC층(33a,33b)은 음(negative)의 c-플레이트(plate)로써, 액정분자가 서서 동작하는 TN 모드의 경우 시야각 보상효과가 있다. 그러나, 액정이 누워서 동작하는 IPS 모드의 경우 액정이 누워있는 상태에서 블랙상태가 되므로 TAC층이 불필요하며 오히려 TAC층의 성분 때문에 시야각에 제한을 받게되는 문제점이 있었다.The TAC layers 33a and 33b serve to support the polarizing film 31 and compensate for the phase difference. The TAC layers 33a and 33b are negative c-plates, and have a viewing angle compensation effect in the TN mode in which the liquid crystal molecules stand. However, in the case of the IPS mode in which the liquid crystal is in a lying state, the TAC layer is unnecessary because the liquid crystal is in a black state while the liquid crystal is in a lying state, and rather, the viewing angle is limited due to the components of the TAC layer.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 이루어진 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 편광판에 삽입된 TAC층을 제거하고 TAC층 대신에 λ/4 의 보상필름을 사용하여 시야각이 더욱더 향상된 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자를 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to remove the TAC layer inserted into the polarizing plate and use a compensation film of λ / 4 instead of the TAC layer to improve the viewing angle of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal It is to provide a display element.
도 1은 종래 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자를 도시한 도면.1 is a view showing a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.
도 2는 편광판의 구조를 상세하게 도시한 상세도면.Figure 2 is a detailed view showing in detail the structure of the polarizing plate.
도 3은 본 발명의 제 1실시예에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자를 도시한 도면.3 is a view showing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 4a 내지 도 4b는 본 발명에 따른 하부 기판을 도시한 평면도.4A-4B are top views of a lower substrate in accordance with the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명의 제 1실시예에 따른 상부 편광판의 상세도면.5 is a detailed view of the upper polarizer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 6은 본 발명의 제 1실시예에 따른 상부 편광판의 상세도면.6 is a detailed view of the upper polarizer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 7a내지 도 7b는 종래 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자 및 본 발명에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자의 시야각 특성을 나타낸 그래프.7A to 7B are graphs showing viewing angle characteristics of a conventional transverse electric field liquid crystal display device and a transverse electric field liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
도 8은 본 발명의 제 2실시예에 따른 편광판의 상세도면.8 is a detailed view of a polarizer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
도 9는 본 발명의 제 3실시예에 따른 편광판의 상세도면.9 is a detailed view of a polarizing plate according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
***도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명****** Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing ***
101: 게이트 라인102: 데이터 라인101: gate line 102: data line
103: 공통 라인108: 화소 전극103: common line 108: pixel electrode
109: 공통 전극400: 액정층109: common electrode 400: liquid crystal layer
410: 상부 편광필름420: 하부 편광필름410: upper polarizing film 420: lower polarizing film
430: λ/4 보상필름440: λ/8 보상필름430: lambda / 4 compensation film 440: lambda / 8 compensation film
상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자는 칼라필터가 형성된 상부기판과; 화소전극 및 공통전극이 형성된 하부기판과; 상기 상부기판과 하부기판 사이에 형성된 액정층과; 상기 상부기판의 바깥면에 형성된 상부 편광판과; 상기 하부기판의 바깥면에 형성되고 상기 상부 편광판과 수직으로 배치된 하부 편광판과; 상기 액정층과 편광판 사이에 형성되고 액정의 광축과 수직으로 배치된 보상필름으로 이루어진다.A transverse electric field liquid crystal display device of the present invention for achieving the above object includes an upper substrate having a color filter; A lower substrate on which the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed; A liquid crystal layer formed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; An upper polarizer formed on an outer surface of the upper substrate; A lower polarizer formed on an outer surface of the lower substrate and disposed perpendicular to the upper polarizer; Comprising a compensation film formed between the liquid crystal layer and the polarizing plate and disposed perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal.
상기 보상필름은 a-플레이트 보상필름으로써, 상부 편광판 또는 하부 편광판중 어느 한곳만 형성되거나, 상기 두 편광판에 모두 형성될 수 있으며, 상,하부 편광판중 어느 한곳에만 형성할 경우 λ/4 보상필름을 사용하고, 상하부 편광판 모두에 형성할 경우, λ/8 보상필름을 사용한다.The compensation film is an a-plate compensation film, and either one of the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer may be formed, or may be formed on both polarizers, and when formed on only one of the upper and lower polarizers, the λ / 4 compensation film may be formed. When used, and formed on both upper and lower polarizers, λ / 8 compensation film is used.
상기 편광판은 보상필름 이외에도 광의 편광특성을 변화시키는 편광필름과 상기 편광필름을 지지하기 위한 TAC층이 그 한쪽면에 형성되어 있으며, 다른 한쪽면에는 시야각을 개선하고 편광필름을 지지하기 위한 보상필름과 기판과의 접착을 위하여 점착층이 형성되어 있다. 이때, 상기 편광필름의 흡수축과 보상필름의 광축은 서로 평행하게 배치되어 있다.The polarizing plate, in addition to the compensation film, a polarizing film for changing the polarization characteristics of the light and a TAC layer for supporting the polarizing film is formed on one side, the other side and the compensation film for improving the viewing angle and supporting the polarizing film and An adhesive layer is formed for adhesion to the substrate. At this time, the absorption axis of the polarizing film and the optical axis of the compensation film are disposed in parallel to each other.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 통하여 상기와 같은 발명에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자에 대하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a transverse electric field liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 3은 본 발명의 제 1실시예에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자를 도시한 것이다.3 illustrates a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자는 투명한 기판(216) 상에 블랙매트릭스(210), 칼라필터(213), 평탄화막(215)이 형성된 상부기판(200)과; 투명한 기판(107) 상에 박막 트랜지스터(t)와 화소영역에 공통전극(109) 및 화소전극(108)이 함께 형성된 하부기판(100)과; 상기 상부기판(200)과 하부기판(100) 사이에 형성된 액정층(300)과; 상기 상부기판(200)의 상부에 배치되고, 편광필름(131) 및 λ/4 보상필름(132)이 형성된 상부 편광판(128)과; 상기 하부기판(100)의 하부에 배치된 하부 편광판(117)을 포함한다.As shown in the figure, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes an upper substrate 200 having a black matrix 210, a color filter 213, and a planarization layer 215 formed on a transparent substrate 216. ; A lower substrate 100 having a thin film transistor t and a common electrode 109 and a pixel electrode 108 formed on the transparent substrate 107 together; A liquid crystal layer 300 formed between the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 100; An upper polarizer 128 disposed on the upper substrate 200 and having a polarizing film 131 and a λ / 4 compensation film 132 formed thereon; The lower polarizer 117 is disposed below the lower substrate 100.
상기 박막 트랜지스터(t)는 게이트 전극(105), 소스/드레인 전극(106a/106b) 및 반도체층(115)과 오믹콘택층(114)으로 이루어진 액티브층을 포함하고, 상기 게이트 전극(105)과 반도체층(115) 사이에는 이들 간의 절연을 위하여 게이트절연막(111)이 개재되어 있다.The thin film transistor t includes a gate electrode 105, a source / drain electrode 106a / 106b, and an active layer including a semiconductor layer 115 and an ohmic contact layer 114. A gate insulating film 111 is interposed between the semiconductor layers 115 to insulate them.
또한, 화소영역에는 박막 트랜지스터(t)의 게이트 전극(105) 형성시 함께 형성된 공통전극(109)과 소스/드레인 전극(106a/106b) 형성시 함께 형성된 화소전극(108)이 상기 공통전극(109)과 일정 간격 떨어져 형성되어 있으며, 박막 트랜지스터 및 화소 영역 상부의 전면에 걸쳐서 보호막(113)이 형성되어 있다.In the pixel region, the common electrode 109 formed when the gate electrode 105 of the thin film transistor t is formed, and the pixel electrode 108 formed when the source / drain electrodes 106a and 106b are formed, the common electrode 109. ) And a protective film 113 is formed over the entire surface of the thin film transistor and the upper portion of the pixel region.
상기 박막 트랜지스터에 전압을 인가되면, 공통전극(109)과 화소전극(108) 사이에 횡전계가 형성되고, 이러한 횡전계에 의해 액정은 전계방향으로 배열된다.When a voltage is applied to the thin film transistor, a transverse electric field is formed between the common electrode 109 and the pixel electrode 108, and the liquid crystal is arranged in the electric field direction by the transverse electric field.
도 4a는 상기 하부 기판의 평면도이다.4A is a plan view of the lower substrate.
도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 기판 위에 게이트 라인(101) 및 데이터 라인(102)이 종횡으로 배열되어 화소영역을 정의한다. 실제의 액정 표시 소자에서는 n개의 게이트 라인(101)과 m개의 데이터 라인(102)이 교차하여 n×m개의 화소가 존재하지만, 도면에는 설명을 간단하게 하기 위해 단지 한 화소만을 나타내었다. 상기 게이트 라인(101)과 데이터 라인(102)의 교차점에는 박막 트랜지스터(t)가 배치되어 있으며, 화소영역 내에 상기한 게이트 라인(101)과 대략 평행하게 공통 라인(103)이 배열되어 있다.As shown in the figure, the gate line 101 and the data line 102 are vertically and horizontally arranged on the substrate to define the pixel region. In the actual liquid crystal display device, n gate lines 101 and m data lines 102 intersect with n x m pixels, but only one pixel is shown in the figure for simplicity. The thin film transistor t is disposed at an intersection point of the gate line 101 and the data line 102, and a common line 103 is arranged in a pixel area substantially parallel to the gate line 101.
또한, 상기 공통라인으로부터 분기된 공통 전극(109)과 상기 박막 트랜지스터(t)의 드레인 전극(106b)과 콘택홀(108a)을 통하여 전기적으로 연결된 화소 전극(108)이 스트립(strip) 형태로 배치되어, 상기 박막 트랜지스터를 통해 외부로부터의 전압이 인가되어 두 전극(108, 109) 사이에 횡전계가 발생한다.In addition, the common electrode 109 branched from the common line, the drain electrode 106b of the thin film transistor t, and the pixel electrode 108 electrically connected through the contact hole 108a are disposed in a strip form. Then, a voltage from the outside is applied through the thin film transistor to generate a transverse electric field between the two electrodes 108 and 109.
상기 공통 전극(109) 또는 화소 전극(108)은 개구율을 향상시키기 위하여 보호막 상에 투명 전극층으로 형성할 수도 있으며, 액정의 복굴절 특성으로 인하여 시야각에 따라 발생되는 색반전(color shift)이 현상을 방지하기 위하여 도 5a에 도시한 바와 같이, 공통 라인(103)으로부터 분기된 공통 전극(109)과 화소 전극(108)을 지그재그(zigzag) 구조로 형성할 수도 있다.The common electrode 109 or the pixel electrode 108 may be formed as a transparent electrode layer on the passivation layer in order to improve the aperture ratio, and color shift caused by the viewing angle is prevented due to the birefringence characteristic of the liquid crystal. 5A, the common electrode 109 and the pixel electrode 108 branched from the common line 103 may be formed in a zigzag structure.
도 3에 있어서, 상부 기판(200) 상에 배치된 상부 편광판(128)에는 편광필름(131) 및 λ/4 보상필름(132) 이외에도 TAC층과 점착층(미도시)이 형성되어 있다.3, in addition to the polarizing film 131 and the λ / 4 compensation film 132, a TAC layer and an adhesive layer (not shown) are formed on the upper polarizing plate 128 disposed on the upper substrate 200.
도 5는 상기 편광판(128)의 상세도면으로, 도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 상부 편광판(128)은 광빔의 편광특성을 바꾸어주는 편광필름(131)과, 그 상부에 형성되어 상기 편광필름(131)을 지지해 주는 TAC층(133a)과, 상기 편광필름(131)의 하부에 배치되어, 편광필름(131)의 흡수축과 평행한 광축을 가지는 보상필름(132)이 형성되어 있과 보상필름(132)의 외부에는 점착층(135)이 배치되어 있다. 상기 보상필름(132)은 λ/4 의 a-플레이트 보상필름이고, 상기 보상필름(132)의 광축은 액정(300)의 광축과 서로 수직하게 배치된다. 이때, 상기 a-플레이트 보상필름(132)의 위상차(retardation) (nx-ny)*d는 0에서 275 nm가 되도록 하는 것이 바람직하다. 이때, z축은 액정셀의 표면과 수직인 방향으로 하고, 액정 셀의 표면 내에 있으며 a-플레이트 보상필름을 구성하고 있는 분자에서 가장 큰 굴절률을 갖는 방향을 x축으로 하고, 액정 셀의 표면 내에 있으면서 x축과 수직인 방향을 y축이라고 할 때, nx, ny, nz는 각각 보상필름의 x, y, z축 방향의 굴절률을 나타내며, d는 액정 셀의 셀 간격(cell gap)이다. 또한, a-플레이트 보상필름은nx＞ny=nz를 만족한다.5 is a detailed view of the polarizing plate 128, as shown in the drawing, the upper polarizing plate 128 is a polarizing film 131 for changing the polarization characteristics of the light beam, and formed on the polarizing film 131 ) And a compensation film 132 having an optical axis parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing film 131 is formed below the TAC layer 133a and the polarizing film 131. The adhesive layer 135 is disposed outside the 132. The compensation film 132 is an a-plate compensation film of λ / 4, and the optical axis of the compensation film 132 is disposed perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal 300. At this time, the retardation (nx-ny) * d of the a-plate compensation film 132 is preferably set to 0 to 275 nm. At this time, the z-axis is in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal cell, and the x-axis is the direction having the largest refractive index in the molecules constituting the a-plate compensation film in the surface of the liquid crystal cell, while being in the surface of the liquid crystal cell When the direction perpendicular to the x axis is referred to as the y axis, nx, ny, and nz represent refractive indexes in the x, y, and z axis directions of the compensation film, respectively, and d is a cell gap of the liquid crystal cell. In addition, the a-plate compensation film satisfies nx> ny = nz.
또한, 도 3에 있어서, 하부기판(100)의 하부에 배치된 하부 편광판(117)은 도 6과 같은 구조를 가진다.In addition, in FIG. 3, the lower polarizer 117 disposed below the lower substrate 100 has a structure as illustrated in FIG. 6.
도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 하부 편광판(117)은 광빔의 편광특성을 바꾸어주는 편광필름(231)과 그 상,하부에 형성되어 상기 편광필름(231)을 지지해주는 TAC층(233a,233b)으로 이루어져 있다. 이때, 상기 하부 편광필름(231)은 상부 편광필름(131)과는 수직으로 배치되어 있으며, 상부 TAC층(233a) 상에는 하부기판(100)과의 부착을 위한 점착층(235)이 추가로 형성되어 있다.As shown in the figure, the lower polarizing plate 117 is a polarizing film 231 for changing the polarization characteristics of the light beam and the TAC layers 233a and 233b formed at the upper and lower portions thereof to support the polarizing film 231. consist of. In this case, the lower polarizing film 231 is disposed perpendicular to the upper polarizing film 131, and an adhesive layer 235 for attaching to the lower substrate 100 is further formed on the upper TAC layer 233a. It is.
도 7a내지 도 7b는 종래 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자 및 본 발명에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자의 시야각 특성을 나타낸 그래프이다.7A to 7B are graphs showing viewing angle characteristics of a conventional transverse electric field liquid crystal display device and a transverse electric field liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
먼저, 도 7a에 도시한 것은 종래 편광필름과 TAC층만으로 이루어진 편광판을 기판의 상,하부에 부착 배치한 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자의 시야각 특성을 나타낸 그래프이고, 도 7b는 TAC층을 제거하고 편광필름과 액정층 사이에 a-플레이트 보호필름을 사용한 본 발명에 따른 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자의 시야각 특성을 나타낸 그래프이다.First, FIG. 7A is a graph showing viewing angle characteristics of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in which a polarizing plate consisting of a conventional polarizing film and a TAC layer is attached to an upper and a lower part of a substrate. It is a graph which shows the viewing angle characteristic of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display element which used the a-plate protective film between a film and a liquid crystal layer.
상기 도 7a내지 7b의 그래프에서 보여지는 바와 같이, a-플레이트 보상필름을 사용했을 경우 종래에 비하여 시야각 특성이 더욱 개선되었음을 알 수 있다.As shown in the graphs of FIGS. 7A to 7B, it can be seen that the viewing angle characteristic is further improved compared to the conventional case when the a-plate compensation film is used.
도 8은 본 발명의 제 2실시예를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면으로, 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 제 2실시예는 λ/4의 a-플레이트 보상필름(430)이 하부 편광필름(420)과 액정층(400) 사이에 배치되고, 상기 a- 플레이트 보상필름(430)의광축이 하부 편광필름(420)의 흡수축과는 평행하고, 액정의 광축과는 수직으로 배열되어 있으며, 상기 하부 편광필름(420)은 상부 편광필름(410)과 서로 수직으로 배치된다..FIG. 8 is a view schematically showing a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the second embodiment of the present invention has a λ / 4 a-plate compensation film 430 having a lower polarizing film 420. Arranged between the liquid crystal layer 400, the optical axis of the a-plate compensation film 430 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing film 420, is arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal, the lower polarization The film 420 is disposed perpendicular to the upper polarizing film 410.
도 9는 본 발명의 제 3실시예를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면으로, 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 제 3실시예는 λ/8의 a-플레이트 보상필름(440)이 상부 편광필름(410) 및 하부 편광필름(420)에 동시에 배치되고, 각각의 보상필름(440)이 편광필름(410,420)의 흡수축과 평행하고, 액정의 광축과는 수직으로 배열되어 있다. 이때, 상기 상부 편광필름(410)과 하부 편광필름(420)은 각각 수직으로 배열된다.9 is a view schematically showing a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the third embodiment of the present invention includes a top plate polarizing film 410 and a-plate compensation film 440 of λ / 8. The compensation film 440 is disposed on the lower polarizing film 420 at the same time, and each compensation film 440 is parallel to the absorption axes of the polarizing films 410 and 420, and is arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal. In this case, the upper polarizing film 410 and the lower polarizing film 420 are each arranged vertically.
아래의 표1은 본 발명의 실시예를 정리한 것이다.Table 1 below summarizes the embodiments of the present invention.
상기와 같이 a-플레이트 보상필름의 광축이 편광필름의 흡수축과 일치하고, 액정의 광축과 서로 수직인 조건만 만족시킨다면, λ/4 또는 λ/8 의 a-플레이트 보상필름의 위치를 다양하게 조합하여 사용함으로써, 도 7b와 같이 시야각 특성을 향상시킬 수 있다.As described above, if the optical axis of the a-plate compensation film coincides with the absorption axis of the polarizing film and satisfies only the conditions perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal, the position of the a-plate compensation film of λ / 4 or λ / 8 may be varied. By using in combination, viewing angle characteristics can be improved as shown in FIG. 7B.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자에 있어서, 상부 또는 하부 편광판에 형성된 TAC층을 제거하고 a-플레이트 보상필름을 사용함으로써, 종래 횡전계방식 액정 표시 소자에 비해서 시야각을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, in the transverse electric field liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle of the transverse electric field liquid crystal display device is improved by removing the TAC layer formed on the upper or lower polarizing plate and using an a-plate compensation film. It can be effective.
Claims (14)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101030538B1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2011-04-22 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | In-Plane Switching Mode Liquid Crystal Display Device |
| WO2012002667A2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | 동우화인켐 주식회사 | Laminated polarizing plate set and ips mode liquid crystal display device comprising same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20120002411A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | A laminated polarizer set and in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display comprising the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0980424A (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1997-03-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Active matrix type liquid crystal display device |
| JP3118208B2 (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 2000-12-18 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
| JP3144474B2 (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 2001-03-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | Active matrix liquid crystal display panel |
| JP3022463B2 (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 2000-03-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101030538B1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2011-04-22 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | In-Plane Switching Mode Liquid Crystal Display Device |
| WO2012002667A2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | 동우화인켐 주식회사 | Laminated polarizing plate set and ips mode liquid crystal display device comprising same |
| WO2012002667A3 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-05-03 | 동우화인켐 주식회사 | Laminated polarizing plate set and ips mode liquid crystal display device comprising same |
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