KR20040000010A - Passivation structure of organic electroluminescence device - Google Patents

Passivation structure of organic electroluminescence device Download PDF

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KR20040000010A
KR20040000010A KR1020020034377A KR20020034377A KR20040000010A KR 20040000010 A KR20040000010 A KR 20040000010A KR 1020020034377 A KR1020020034377 A KR 1020020034377A KR 20020034377 A KR20020034377 A KR 20020034377A KR 20040000010 A KR20040000010 A KR 20040000010A
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organic
film
thin film
desiccant
barrier film
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KR100897455B1 (en
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허진우
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오리온전기 주식회사
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/02Details
    • H05B33/04Sealing arrangements, e.g. against humidity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/004Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
    • G11B7/005Reproducing
    • G11B7/0053Reproducing non-user data, e.g. wobbled address, prepits, BCA
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80Constructional details
    • H10K50/84Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/844Encapsulations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80Constructional details
    • H10K50/84Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/846Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations comprising getter material or desiccants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/007Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
    • G11B7/00736Auxiliary data, e.g. lead-in, lead-out, Power Calibration Area [PCA], Burst Cutting Area [BCA], control information

Abstract

PURPOSE: A sealing structure for an organic EL(Electro-Luminescence) device is provided to enhance a sealing characteristic by inserting a carbon nano tube and a drying agent into an upper portion and a lower portion of a barrier layer. CONSTITUTION: A sealing structure for an organic EL device includes a barrier layer(102), a carbon nano tube(104), a drying agent(106), and a sealant(108). The organic EL device is sealed by performing a passivation process for the barrier layer(102). The carbon nano tube(104) and the drying agent(106) are inserted into an upper portion and a lower portion of the barrier layer(102). A top portion of the sealing structure for the organic EL device is sealed by the sealant(108). The barrier layer(102) is formed with an inorganic film or an insulating film which is selected from a silicon oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, and a silicon oxynitride layer.

Description

유기 EL 소자의 봉지 구조{Passivation structure of organic electroluminescence device}Encapsulation structure of organic EL element {Passivation structure of organic electroluminescence device}

본 발명은 유기 EL 소자의 봉지 구조에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 유기 EL 소자에 베리어 (barrier) 막을 증착하여 봉지함에 있어서, 베리어 막의 상부 또는 하부에 흡착제인 카본 나노튜브 (carbon nano tube) 및 건조제를 삽입함으로써 봉지 특성을 개선시킨 유기 EL 소자에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an encapsulation structure of an organic EL device, and more particularly, in depositing and sealing a barrier film on an organic EL device, a carbon nanotube and a desiccant that are adsorbents on or below the barrier film. It relates to an organic EL device having improved sealing properties by inserting.

근래에, 큰 주목을 받고 있는 유기 EL 소자는 서로 다른 밴드 갭 (band gap)을 가지는 두 가지 이상의 유기 발광 물질을 적층 구조로 하여 각각의 물질에서는 나타나지 않는 새로운 영역의 전계 발광 파장을 얻기 위한 소자이다. 이때 새로운 영역의 발광 파장은 발광층이라 불리는 유기층에서 전자 (electron)와 정공 (hole)이 만나서 재결합할 때 방출하는 에너지가 빛으로 변환되는 것이다.In recent years, the organic EL device which has attracted much attention is a device for obtaining an electroluminescent wavelength of a new region which does not appear in each material by stacking two or more organic light emitting materials having different band gaps. . At this time, the emission wavelength of the new region is that the energy emitted when electrons and holes meet and recombine in an organic layer called an emission layer is converted into light.

유기 EL 소자는 1960년대에 연구가 시작되어, 1987년 이스트만 코닥 (Eastman Kodak)사가 발광 유기물 층에 전자와 정공의 주입이 균형을 이루도록 하면서 유기층의 두께를 2000Å 이하로 낮추어서 실용화에 가능한 정도의 10V 이하의 저전압 구동과 고효율, 고휘도를 얻는데 성공한 이후 (Appl. Phys. Lett., 51, 913 (1987), 미합중국 특허 제4,356,429호, 제4,539,507호, 제4,720,432호, 제4,885,211호), 디스플레이 장치에 채용되는 것이 본격적으로 검토되기 시작했다. 이어, 1993년 일본에서 적(R), 녹(G), 청(B) 3색을 동시에 발생시켜서 자연광에 가까운 백색광을 나타내는데 성공한 것을 비롯하여, 고휘도, 저소비 전력, 소자의 장수명화 등이 실현되어 유기 EL 소자는 액정을 대신하는 차세대 평판 디스플레이로서 크게 기대되고 있다.The organic EL device began to be studied in the 1960s, and in 1987, Eastman Kodak, in order to balance the injection of electrons and holes into the light emitting organic material layer, lowering the thickness of the organic layer to 2000 Å or less, which is less than 10 V as practical for practical use. After succeeding in obtaining low voltage driving, high efficiency and high brightness (Appl. Phys. Lett., 51, 913 (1987), US Patent Nos. 4,356,429, 4,539,507, 4,720,432, 4,885,211), It began to be reviewed in earnest. Subsequently, in 1993, Japan produced three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) simultaneously, resulting in white light close to natural light, high brightness, low power consumption, and long life of the device. EL devices are greatly expected as next-generation flat panel displays replacing liquid crystals.

한편, 유기 EL 소자에 사용되는 유기 물질 대부분이 π-전자를 가지고 있기 때문에 정도에 따라 다르지만 물 분자와 상호작용을 하게 되어, 공기중의 수분 또는 이미 기판 등에 부착된 수분은 소자를 구동하지 않고 단순히 보관만 할 경우에도 서서히 전극 및 유기 박막을 공격하여 흑점 (dark spot)을 생성시킨다. 또한 유기 EL 소자의 패키징 (packaging)이 완벽하지 않아서 산소가 존재할 경우 화학적, 열적, 또는 전기적인 힘에 의해서 산소가 촉매 작용을 하거나 직접 반응에 참여하여 유기 박막을 열화 또는 분해시킨다.On the other hand, most of the organic materials used in organic EL devices have π-electrons, but depending on the degree, they interact with water molecules, and moisture in the air or moisture already attached to the substrate does not drive the device. Even if only storage is slowly attack the electrode and the organic thin film to produce a dark spot (dark spot). In addition, the packaging of the organic EL device is not perfect, and when oxygen is present, oxygen deteriorates or decomposes the organic thin film by catalyzing or participating in a direct reaction by chemical, thermal, or electrical forces.

이와 같이 유기 EL 소자는 수분과 산소에 취약하므로, 수분과 산소를 차단하는 것이 유기 EL 소자 봉지 공정의 핵심이라고 할 수 있다. 현재는 유기물 막과 금속 캡슐을 봉지 캡으로 사용하고, 가스 또는 액체가 봉지 공간에 충진된 구조가 가장 많이 적용되고 있으나 이는 디스플레이 기판의 재질이 유리 (glass)인 경우에만 실질적인 적용이 가능하고 고분자 필름과 같은 유연성 있는 기판에 적용하기에는 문제가 있다. 최근에는 기판 표면에 직접 여러 층의 고분자 막과 무기물 막을 적층하여, 전술한 금속 캡슐 봉지를 효과적으로 대체하기 위한 새로운 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 그러나, 상기와 같이 유기 EL 소자 표면에 직접 베리어 막을 패시베이션 (passivation) 한 경우에도, 베리어 특성은 우수하나 박막의 핀홀 (pinhole)에 의하여 외부의 수분 또는 가스를 흡입하여 전극 및 유기 박막에 흑점을 성장시키는 문제점은 여전히 남아 있다. 또한 기존의 유기 EL 소자의 봉지 구조 내부의 건조제는 수분, 일산화탄소, 이산화탄소 및 메탄 등의 가스를 흡입하지만 그 외의 산소 또는 수소 등의 가스는 흡입하지 못한다는 문제점이 있다.As such, since the organic EL device is vulnerable to moisture and oxygen, blocking the moisture and oxygen can be said to be the core of the organic EL device encapsulation process. Currently, organic membranes and metal capsules are used as encapsulation caps, and gas or liquid-filled encapsulation structures are most frequently used. However, this is practically applicable only when the material of the display substrate is glass. There is a problem to apply to a flexible substrate such as. Recently, new attempts have been made to effectively replace the metal capsule encapsulation described above by stacking multiple layers of polymer and inorganic films directly on the substrate surface. However, even in the case of passivation of the barrier film directly on the surface of the organic EL device as described above, the barrier property is excellent, but black spots are grown on the electrode and the organic thin film by sucking external moisture or gas by the pinhole of the thin film. The problem of letting go remains. In addition, the desiccant inside the encapsulation structure of the conventional organic EL device sucks gas such as water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, but has a problem in that it does not suck other gases such as oxygen or hydrogen.

이에, 본 발명자는 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 유기 EL 소자에 베리어 막을 증착하여 봉지함에 있어서, 베리어 막의 상부 또는 하부에 뛰어난 외기 (外氣) 차단효과를 가지는 카본 나노튜브 흡착제가 삽입된 유기 EL 소자의 봉지구조를 개발하여 본 발명을 완성하였다.Accordingly, the present inventors, in order to solve the above problems, in depositing and sealing the barrier film on the organic EL device, the organic organic carbon nanotube adsorbent having an excellent air blocking effect is inserted in the upper or lower portion of the barrier film The encapsulation structure of the EL device was developed to complete the present invention.

본 발명의 목적은 유기 EL 소자에 베리어 막을 증착하여 봉지함에 있어서, 베리어 막의 상부 또는 하부에 뛰어난 외기 차단효과를 가지는 카본 나노튜브 흡착제가 건조제와 함께 삽입됨으로써 봉지 특성이 향상된 유기 EL 소자를 제공함에 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL device having improved sealing properties by inserting a carbon nanotube adsorbent having an excellent air blocking effect on the upper or lower portion of the barrier film with a desiccant in depositing and depositing a barrier film on the organic EL device. .

도 1a 및 도 1b는 본 발명의 유기 EL 소자의 봉지 캡의 일실시예를 나타낸 단면도.1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing one embodiment of a sealing cap of the organic EL device of the present invention.

도 2는 도 1a 및 도 1b의 유기 EL 박막 부분을 상세하게 설명하기 위한 개략도.FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining in detail the organic EL thin film portions of FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG.

도 3a는 SWNT (single wall nano tube)의 분자 구조.Figure 3a is a molecular structure of a single wall nano tube (SWNT).

도 3b는 MWNT (multi wall nano tube)의 분자 구조.3B is a molecular structure of MWNT (multi wall nano tube).

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10, 100 : 하부 기판102 : 베리어 막10, 100: lower substrate 102: barrier film

104 : 카본 나노튜브106 : 건조제104: carbon nanotube 106: desiccant

108 : 밀봉재 (sealant)110 : 유기 EL 박막108: sealant 110: organic EL thin film

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징은 베리어 막으로 패시베이션 (passivation)하여 봉지된 유기 EL 소자에 있어서, 상기 베리어 막 상부 또는 하부에 흡착제인 카본 나노튜브 (carbon nano tube)와 건조제가 삽입된 유기 EL 소자를 구비함에 있다.A feature of the present invention for achieving the above object is in an organic EL device encapsulated by passivation (barrier) to a barrier film, an organic carbon nanotube (adsorbent) and a desiccant is inserted in the upper or lower portion of the barrier film It is provided with an EL element.

이하, 본 발명의 실시예에 대해 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 보다 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 하부 기판(100) 상에 유기 EL 박막(110)이 형성되어 있는 유기 EL 소자를 다수의 베리어 막(102)으로 패시베이션하는 봉지 구조에 있어서, 베리어 막(102) 상부 또는 하부에 카본 나노튜브 흡착제(104)가 건조제(106)와 함께 삽입된 구조에 관한 것이다 (도 1a 및 도 1b 참조).According to the present invention, in the encapsulation structure in which an organic EL element having the organic EL thin film 110 formed on the lower substrate 100 is passivated with a plurality of barrier films 102, carbon nanoparticles are formed on or under the barrier film 102. A tube adsorbent 104 relates to a structure in which it is inserted with a desiccant 106 (see FIGS. 1A and 1B).

이때 상기 유기 EL 박막(110)은 도 2의 구조를 포함하는데, 구체적으로 유리 (glass), 유연한 (flexible) 플라스틱 또는 필름 중에서 선택되는 투명 기판(100; 10) 상에, 정공 주입전극인 양극(12)과, 정공 주입층(14; Hole Injection Layer)과, 정공 수송층 (16; Hole Transporting Layer)과, 유기발광층 (18; Emitting Material Layer)과, 전자 수송층(20; Electron Transporting Layer)과, 전자 주입층 (22; Electron Injection Layer) 및 전자주입전극인 음극(24)이 순차적으로 적층되어 있는 발광 구조를 갖는다.In this case, the organic EL thin film 110 includes the structure of FIG. 2, specifically, on the transparent substrate 100 (10; 10) selected from glass, flexible plastic, or film, an anode, which is a hole injection electrode, is formed. 12), a hole injection layer (14), a hole transporting layer (16), an organic light emitting layer (18), an electron transporting layer (20), electrons It has a light emitting structure in which an injection layer 22 (electron injection layer) and an electron injection electrode 24 are sequentially stacked.

구체적으로, 본 발명에서는 기판(100) 상에 상기와 같은 구조로 이루어진 유기 EL 박막 (110)을 포함하고, 상기 유기 EL 박막 (110) 상부에 도포 및 증착된 건조제(106) 및 카본 나노튜브 흡착제(104) 층과, 상기 흡착제(102) 층 상부에 형성되는 베리어 막(102)과 밀봉재(108; sealant) 막으로 구성되는 유기 EL 소자를 제공한다 (도 1a 참조).Specifically, in the present invention, the organic EL thin film 110 having the structure as described above on the substrate 100, the drying agent 106 and the carbon nanotube adsorbent coated and deposited on the organic EL thin film 110, An organic EL device comprising a (104) layer, a barrier film 102 and a sealant film 108 formed on the adsorbent 102 layer is provided (see FIG. 1A).

또한, 본 발명에서는 기판(100) 상에 상기와 같은 구조로 이루어진 유기 EL 박막 (110)을 포함하고, 상기 유기 EL 박막 (110) 상부에 형성된 베리어 막(102)과, 상기 베리어 막(102) 상부에 도포 및 증착된 카본 나노튜브 흡착제(104) 및 건조제(106) 층과, 상기 건조제(106) 층 상부에 형성되는 밀봉재(108) 막으로 구성되는 유기 EL 소자를 제공한다 (도 1b 참조).In addition, in the present invention, the barrier film 102 and the barrier film 102 including the organic EL thin film 110 having the above structure on the substrate 100, and formed on the organic EL thin film 110. Provided is an organic EL device comprising a carbon nanotube adsorbent 104 and a desiccant 106 layer applied and deposited thereon and a sealant 108 film formed over the desiccant 106 layer (see FIG. 1B). .

본 발명에서는 전술한 바와 같이 종래의 유기 EL 소자 봉지 구조의 단점을 보완하기 위하여, 흡습제로 카본 나노튜브를 사용하였는데, 카본 나노튜브는 탄소 원자들이 결합된 잘 짜여진 육각형의 그물망 구조를 가지고 있으며, 주로 튜브 형태의 다발로 생성된다 (도 3a 및 도 3b 참조). 이 다발을 유기 용매 속에서 초음파 처리하여 다발을 어느 정도 풀어헤쳐 가스를 흡착할 수 있는 표면적을 키우면 수소 등의 가스를 효과적으로 흡착시킬 수 있다. 즉, 카본 나노튜브의 튜브 형태의 다발을 박막 또는 후막 형태로 제조하여 본 발명의 흡착제로서 사용한다.In the present invention, in order to compensate for the shortcomings of the conventional organic EL device encapsulation structure, carbon nanotubes are used as a hygroscopic agent, and carbon nanotubes have a well-woven hexagonal mesh structure in which carbon atoms are bonded. Resulting in bundles in the form of tubes (see FIGS. 3A and 3B). This bundle is sonicated in an organic solvent to loosen the bundle to some extent and increase the surface area to adsorb the gas, thereby effectively adsorbing gases such as hydrogen. That is, a bundle in the form of a tube of carbon nanotubes is prepared in the form of a thin film or a thick film and used as the adsorbent of the present invention.

한편, 상기 베리어 막은 실리콘 산화막 (SiO), 실리콘 질화막 (SiN) 또는 실리콘 산화질화막 (SiOxNy) 등의 무기 박막 또는 절연 박막이 사용되며, 건조제는 건조제 자체를 사용하거나 게터 (getter) 형태의 박막 또는 후막 형태를 사용하기도 한다.The barrier film may be an inorganic thin film or an insulating thin film, such as a silicon oxide film (SiO), a silicon nitride film (SiN), or a silicon oxynitride film (SiO x N y ), and the desiccant may use a desiccant itself or a getter type. Thin film or thick film form may be used.

또한, 밀봉재는 배출 가스 (outgas)가 적은 에폭시 수지를 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 본 발명의 패시베이션 구조를 이루는 박막을 완전히 덮도록 도포하여 경화시킨다.In addition, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin having less outgas, and the sealant is hardened by coating so as to completely cover the thin film forming the passivation structure of the present invention.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 유기 EL 소자에 베리어 막을 증착하여 봉지함에 있어서, 베리어 막의 상부 또는 하부에 뛰어난 외기 차단효과를 가지는 카본 나노튜브 흡착제를 건조제와 함께 삽입시킴으로써 유기 EL 소자 내부에서 발생하는 가스를 제거할 뿐만 아니라, 베리어 막이 차단할 수 없는 외부로부터의 수분 및 가스를 효과적으로 차단 및 제거하여 유기 EL 소자의 봉지 특성을 향상시킬 수 있다.As described above, in the present invention, in depositing and sealing a barrier film on an organic EL device, a carbon nanotube adsorbent having an excellent air blocking effect on the upper or lower portion of the barrier film is inserted together with a desiccant to be generated inside the organic EL device. In addition to removing the gas, the sealing property of the organic EL device can be improved by effectively blocking and removing moisture and gas from the outside which the barrier film cannot block.

Claims (7)

베리어 막으로 패시베이션 (passivation)하여 봉지된 유기 EL 소자에 있어서, 상기 베리어 막 상부 또는 하부에 흡착제인 카본 나노튜브 (carbon nano tube)와 건조제가 삽입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.An organic EL device that is encapsulated by passivation with a barrier film, wherein the organic EL device is inserted with an adsorbent carbon nanotube and a desiccant on or below the barrier film. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 구조 최상단은 밀봉재 (sealant)로 밀봉되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.And the top of the structure is sealed with a sealant. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 베리어 막은 실리콘 산화막 (SiO), 실리콘 질화막 (SiN) 및 실리콘 산화질화막 (SiOxNy) 중에서 선택되는 무기 박막 또는 절연 박막인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.And the barrier film is an inorganic thin film or an insulating thin film selected from silicon oxide film (SiO), silicon nitride film (SiN), and silicon oxynitride film (SiO x N y ). 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 카본 나노튜브는 박막 또는 후막 형태로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.The carbon nanotubes are organic EL devices, characterized in that used in the form of a thin film or thick film. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 건조제는 건조제 자체 또는 게터 (getter) 형태의 박막 또는 후막 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.The desiccant is an organic EL device, characterized in that the desiccant itself or a thin film or thick film in the form of a getter. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유기 EL 소자는, 기판 상에 유기 EL 박막을 포함하고, 상기 유기 EL 박막 상부에 도포 및 증착된 건조제 층 및 카본 나노튜브 흡착제 층과, 상기 흡착제 층 상부에 형성되는 베리어 막과, 상기 구조 전체를 밀봉하는 밀봉재 막으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.The organic EL device includes an organic EL thin film on a substrate, a desiccant layer and a carbon nanotube adsorbent layer applied and deposited on the organic EL thin film, a barrier film formed on the adsorbent layer, and the entire structure. The organic electroluminescent element comprised from the sealing material film | membrane which seals. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유기 EL 소자는, 기판 상에 유기 EL 박막을 포함하고, 상기 유기 EL 박막 상부에 형성된 베리어 막과, 상기 베리어 막 상부에 도포 및 증착된 카본 나노튜브 흡착제 층 및 건조제 층과, 상기 구조 전체를 밀봉하는 밀봉재 막으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유기 EL 소자.The organic EL device includes an organic EL thin film on a substrate, a barrier film formed on the organic EL thin film, a carbon nanotube adsorbent layer and a desiccant layer applied and deposited on the barrier film, and the entire structure. An organic EL device comprising a sealing material film for sealing.
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