KR200396100Y1 - house type art a fish-breeding ground - Google Patents
house type art a fish-breeding ground Download PDFInfo
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- KR200396100Y1 KR200396100Y1 KR20-2005-0018684U KR20050018684U KR200396100Y1 KR 200396100 Y1 KR200396100 Y1 KR 200396100Y1 KR 20050018684 U KR20050018684 U KR 20050018684U KR 200396100 Y1 KR200396100 Y1 KR 200396100Y1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- concrete structure
- entrance
- reinforced concrete
- fish
- house
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000258957 Asteroidea Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238413 Octopus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/046—Artificial reefs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
본 고안은 인공으로 만들어진 어초에 미역, 다시마 등의 해조류 부착이 잘 되도록 하며 전복, 성계, 굴 등이 용이하게 부착할 수 있도록 하여 각종 어패류의 착생력을 높임으로 먹이 생물이 많아져 수산동식물의 성장에 필요한 먹이사슬구조를 형성할 수 있도록 한 하우스형 인공어초에 관한 것으로, 전체적으로 반구형의 M 자 형태를 가진 철근 콘크리트 구조물(10)이 구비되고, 상기 철큰콘크리트 구조물(10)은 일측의 외벽면에 단면상 삼각형의 뾰족한 돌출부(30)가 한정된 길이를 가지고 다수개 형성되어 있고, 돌출부(30)의 골부분에는 마름모형의 상부출입구(20)가 일정한 배치간격을 두고 다수개 천공되어 있으며, 철근콘크리트 구조물(10)의 일면에는 그 내부를 관통하는 반구형의 정면출입구(40)가 형성됨과 함께 하부에 모래침강에 따른 공간협소 방지를 위한 받침턱(41)이 형성되고, 그 양 끝단에는 외측방향으로 절곡된 접지면(60)이 형성되면서 순환이 잘 되도록 하나의 측면출입구(50)가 형성되어 있다.The present design makes it possible to attach seaweeds such as seaweed and kelp to artificial reefs, and to easily attach abalone, starfish, oysters, etc. The house-type artificial reefs to form a food chain structure required for, is provided with a reinforced concrete structure (10) having a hemispherical M-shaped shape as a whole, the iron concrete structure (10) is on the outer wall surface of one side A triangular pointed protrusion 30 of cross section is formed in a plurality of limited length, the valley of the protrusion 30 is a plurality of perforated with a predetermined placement interval in the upper entrance 20 of the rhombus, reinforced concrete structure On one surface of the (10) is formed a hemispherical front entrance 40 penetrating the inside and at the bottom to prevent space narrowing due to sand settling The base jaw 41 to be formed, the both ends has a side entrance 50 is formed so as to be circulated well as the ground plane 60 is bent outward.
Description
본 고안은 하우스형 인공어초에 관한 것으로, 특히 인공으로 만들어진 어초에 미역,다시마 등의 해조류의 부착이 잘 되도록 하며 전복,성계,굴등이 용이하게 부착할 수 있도록하여 각종 어패류의 착생력을 높임으로서 먹이 생물이 많아져 수산동식물의 성장에 필요한 먹이사슬구조를 형성할 수 있도록 한 하우스형 인공어초에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a house-type artificial reef, and in particular, it is possible to attach seaweeds such as wakame and shimashima to the artificial reefs well, and to easily attach abalone, starfish, and oysters, thereby enhancing the viability of various fish and shellfish. House-type artificial reefs, which enable a large number of food organisms to form a food chain structure necessary for the growth of marine plants and animals.
일반적으로 수산동식물과 각종 어패류등은 어촌사업의 부가가치가 높은 수입원으로 자리잡고 있어 어민들은 어패류를 잡기위해 인근연안과 바다로 나가서 자연산 어패류를 재집하고 있으나 생태계파괴로 인한 자원의 감소로 인하여 해마다 어획량이 크게 감소하고 있는 실정이다.In general, fisheries and animals and various fish and shellfish have become a high value-added source of fishing village business. Fishermen go out to nearby coasts and seas to catch fish and shellfish and collect wild fish and shellfish. The situation is greatly decreasing.
또한, 한,중,일 어업협정등으로 조업이 가능한 영역의 범위가 점점협소해지고, 어패류의 개체수 감소로인해 어획량이 감소하고 있는 실정이며 자원의 합리적 관리라는 측면에서 더욱 중요시 되고 있다.In addition, Korea, China, Japan fishing agreements, etc., the scope of the operation is gradually narrowing, the catch is decreasing due to the decrease in the number of fish and shellfish, and more important in terms of rational management of resources.
하지만 해저 밑바닥의 대부분은 모래나 뻘지역으로 수산동식물과 어패류등이 서식할 수 있는 조건을 충족하지 못하므로, 상기 조건을 충족시키기 위해서 인공어초를 이용한 인공어장의 조성이 시급한 실정이다.However, since most of the bottom of the seabed does not meet the conditions that can inhabit aquatic animals and plants and fish and shellfish in the sandy or wetland area, it is urgent to create artificial fisheries using artificial reefs to satisfy the above conditions.
도 1은 종래 하우스형 인공어초(100)의 사시도를 나타낸 것으로, 전체적으로 반구형의 M자 형태를 가진 철근콘크리트구조물(10)이 구비되고, 철큰콘크리트구조물(10)은 일측의 외벽면에 단면상 삼각형의 뾰족한 돌출부(30)가 한정된 길이를 가지고 다수개 형성되어 있고, 돌출부(30)의 골부분에는 마름모형의 상부출입구(20)가 일정한 배치간격을 두고 다수개 천공되어 있으며, 또한 철근콘크리트구조물(10)의 일면에는 그 내부를 관통하는 반구형의 정면출입구(40)가 형성되고, 그 양 끝단에는 외측방향으로 절곡된 접지면(60)이 형성되면서 일정한 배치간격을 두고 측면출입구(50)가 형성되어 있었다.1 is a perspective view of a conventional house-shaped artificial reef (100), which is provided with a reinforced concrete structure (10) having a hemispherical M-shape as a whole, the iron large concrete structure (10) is a cross-sectional triangle on the outer wall surface of one side Pointed protrusions 30 are formed in plural with a finite length, and a plurality of rhombic upper entrances 20 are perforated at regular intervals in the valleys of the protrusions 30, and also reinforced concrete structures 10 On one surface of the hemispherical front entrance 40 penetrating the inside is formed, and both ends thereof are formed with a ground plane 60 bent outwards, the side entrance 50 is formed at regular intervals. there was.
그러나 이와 같은 종래 인공어초에 있어서는, 정면출입구(40)의 하부가 개구되어 있어 연약지반에 설치한 경우에는 밑부분이 모래로 침강하여 들어가게 되어 공간이 협소하여 지므로 정면출입구(40)를 통하여 큰고기가 출입할 수 없는 결점이 있었으며, 해류의 순조로운 순환이 되도록 형성된 측면출입구(50)가 작아 물순환이 제대로 이루어지지 않게 되는 결점이 있었다.However, in such conventional artificial reefs, when the lower part of the front entrance 40 is opened and installed in the soft ground, the bottom part is settled by sand and the space becomes narrow, so that the large meat through the front entrance 40 There was a defect that can not go in and out, the side entrance (50) formed to be a smooth circulation of the current has a defect that the water circulation is not made properly.
본 고안은 상술한 문제점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로, 본 고안의 목적은 하우스형 인공어초에 있어서, 정면출입구의 하부에 모래침강방지용 받침턱을 일체로 형성하고, 측면출입구에는 하나의 대구멍을 형성하여 밑부분의 침강을 방지하고 해류의 순환이 잘 이루어지도록 하는 하우스형 인공어초를 제공하는데 있다.The present invention is conceived in view of the above-described problems, the object of the present invention is to form a base step for preventing the settling of sand in the lower part of the front entrance in the house artificial reef, and to form a large hole in the side entrance In order to prevent the sedimentation of the bottom and to provide a house-shaped artificial reef that allows the circulation of the current well.
이하, 본 고안에 따른 하우스형 인공어초를 첨부도면에 의거하여 좀더 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the house-shaped artificial reefs according to the present invention will be described in more detail based on the accompanying drawings.
도 2는 본 고안 하우스형 인공어초의 사시도이고, 도 3은 본 고안 하우스형 인공어초의 단면도이다.2 is a perspective view of the house-type artificial reef of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the house-type artificial reef of the present invention.
본 고안은 전체적으로 반구형의 M 자 형태를 가진 철근콘크리트구조물(10)이 구비되고, 상기 철큰콘크리트구조물(10)의 외형은 삼각형의 돌출부(30)가 한정된 길이를 가지고 다수개 형성되어 해조류와 어패류가 종사부착할 수 있는 최대의 부착면을 제공하며, 상기 돌출부(30)의 좁은 부분은 각종 어패류의 천적으로부터 은신, 도피처를 제공하여 해적생물로부터의 식해를 최소한으로 줄일 수 있으며, 또한 돌출부(30)에 의해 태양광선이 직접 도달되는 부분과 반그늘 환경을 제공하여 어패류가 시간적,계절적인 외부환경변수에 적절히 적응할수 있도록 자연암초에 가까운 환경을 제공하게 된다.The present invention is provided with a reinforced concrete structure (10) having a hemispherical M-shape as a whole, the outer shape of the iron large concrete structure (10) is formed with a plurality of triangular protrusions 30 having a limited length seaweed and seafood It provides the maximum attachment surface that can be attached to the engagement, the narrow portion of the protrusion 30 can provide hiding and escape from natural enemies of various fish and shellfish to minimize the damage from pirates, and also the protrusion 30 By providing the part where the sun's rays reach directly and the half shade environment, it provides the environment close to natural reef so that the fish and shellfish can adapt to the temporal and seasonal external environmental variables.
그리고 돌출부(30)사이의 깊은골부분에는 마름모형의 상부출입구(20)가 다수개 천공되어 있어 이 상부출입구(20)의 공간을 통하여 어초내부에 태양광선이 도달할 수 있도록하여 수산동식물의 광합성작용을 촉진시키고, 산란된 각종 어린치어가 서식하면서 출입할 수 있으며, 또한 해수의 유입과 순환을 용이하도록 하였다.In addition, the deep valleys between the protrusions 30 are perforated with a plurality of rhombus upper entrances 20 so that the sunlight can reach the inside of the reef through the space of the upper entrance 20 so that the photosynthesis of the fish and plants It promotes the action, allows access to various spawned young larvae, and also facilitates the inflow and circulation of seawater.
한편, M 자형의 철근콘크리트구조물(10)은 그 일면으로부터 구조물을 관통하는 반구형의 정면출입구(40)가 형성되어 문어, 장어 등이 서식할 수 있는 동굴환경을 제공하며, 인공어초(100)내 해류의 순환을 원활히하여 영양염류와 프랑크톤이 충분이 순환 공급되도록하고, 해류의 유통과정에서 발생되는 와류현상으로 어류가 모여드는 용승어장을 형성한다.On the other hand, M-shaped reinforced concrete structure 10 has a hemispherical front entrance 40 penetrating the structure from one surface thereof to provide a cave environment in which octopus, eel, etc. can be inhabited, and in artificial reef 100 The circulation of the currents is smoothly supplied so that sufficient nutrients and franktons are circulated and supplied, and the fishery is formed to collect fish due to the vortices occurring in the distribution process of the currents.
여기서, 상기 정면출입구(40)의 하부에는 일체로 받침턱(41)이 형성되어 있어 인공어초가 모래 등의 연약지반에 설치된 경우에도 이러한 받침턱(41)에 의해 밑부분이 모래로 침강하지 않으므로 정면출입구(40)의 공간이 그대로 유지되어 협소해지지 않아 큰고기도 출입을 자유롭게 할 수 있는 것이다.Here, the support jaw 41 is integrally formed at the lower portion of the front entrance 40 so that even when the artificial reef is installed on the soft ground such as sand, the bottom does not settle into the sand by the support jaw 41. Since the space of the doorway 40 is maintained as it is, it is possible to freely enter and exit large meat.
상기 철근콘크리트구조물(10)의 양 끝에는 하나의 반구형의 측면출입구(50)가 형성되어 어류의 도피,휴식공간을 제공함은 물론 인공어초(100)의 설치방향에 관계없이 해류의 순조로운 순환이 되도록 하며, 조류에 대한 저항력을 감소시켜 조류에 의한 유실 및 파랑에 의해 전복되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.At both ends of the reinforced concrete structure 10, one hemispherical side entrance 50 is formed to provide an escape and rest space of the fish, as well as smooth circulation of the ocean current regardless of the installation direction of the artificial reef 100. In addition, by reducing the resistance to algae it can be prevented from being overturned by the loss and blue waves caused by the algae.
그리고 철근콘크리트구조물(10)의 하부 양끝단에는 해저 밑바닦에 최대한 안정적으로 설치될 수 있도록 절곡된 접지면(60)이 구비되어 있다.And at both ends of the lower portion of the reinforced concrete structure 10 is provided with a ground plane 60 bent to be installed on the bottom of the sea floor as stable as possible.
상기와 같이 구성된 하우스형 인공어초(100)는 해저가 모래나 뻘지역으로 형성된 대륙붕지역내에 7 - 25 m의 수심에 5 - 20 m간격으로 나열식으로 현수투하하여 생태계의 번식차단 없이 해중림(海中林)을 조성함으로 백화현상 등으로 먹이생물이 부족할때는 다시마와 미역 등의 종사를 첨부하기가 용이하여 어장을 조성하기가 유리해 생태계의 복원 및 회복을 극대화할 수 있는 것이다.House-type artificial reef (100) configured as described above is suspended in the continental shelf area formed by sand or 뻘 area at the depth of 7-25 m at 5-20 m intervals and suspended in the sea without the reproduction of ecosystem. It is easy to attach kelp and seaweed, etc., when food is scarce due to phenomena such as whitening, so it is advantageous to create fisheries, which can maximize the restoration and restoration of ecosystem.
이상과 같은 본 고안은 삼각형의 돌출부가 다수개 형성된 반구형의 M 자 형태를 가진 철근콘크리트구조물(10)이 구비되어 해조류와 어패류가 종사부착할 수 있는 최대의 부착면을 제공하며, 상기 돌출부(30)의 좁은 부분은 각종 어패류의 천적으로부터 은신,도피처를 제공하여 해적생물로부터의 식해를 최소한으로 줄일 수 있다.The present invention as described above is provided with a reinforced concrete structure (10) having a hemispherical M-shaped hemisphere formed with a plurality of triangular protrusions to provide a maximum attachment surface that can be attached to seaweeds and shellfish, the protrusions (30) The narrow part of) can provide stealth and shelter from natural enemies of various kinds of fish and shellfish, minimizing the damage from pirates.
또한, 돌출부(30)에 의해 태양광선이 직접 도달되는 부분과 반그늘 환경을 제공하여 어패류가 시간적, 계절적인 외부환경변수에 적절히 적응할수 있도록 자연초에 가까운 환경을 제공하는 효과를 갖는다.In addition, it provides an environment close to the natural grass so that the shellfish can be properly adapted to the temporal and seasonal external environmental variables by providing a half-shade environment and a portion where the sunlight directly reaches by the protrusions 30.
그리고 본 고안은 정면출입구(40)의 하부에 받침턱(41)이 형성되어 있어 인공어초가 모래로 침강하는 것을 방지할 수 있으며, 측면에는 하나의 측면출입구(50)가 형성되어 있어 해류의 순환을 원활하게 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.And the present invention is the base jaw 41 is formed in the lower portion of the front entrance 40 can prevent the artificial reef from settling to sand, one side entrance 50 is formed on the side to the circulation of the current The effect is smooth.
도 1은 종래 하우스형 인공어초의 사시도1 is a perspective view of a conventional house artificial reef
도 2는 본 고안에 따른 하우스형 인공어초의 사시도 2 is a perspective view of a house-shaped artificial reef in accordance with the present invention
도 3은 본 고안에 따른 하우스형 인공어초의 단면도 3 is a cross-sectional view of the house-shaped artificial reef in accordance with the present invention
〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉 <Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>
10: 철근콘크리트구조물 20: 상부출입구 10: reinforced concrete structure 20: upper entrance
30: 돌출부 40: 정면출입구 30: protrusion 40: front entrance
50: 측면출입구 60: 접지면 50: side entrance 60: ground plane
100: 하우스형 인공어초 100: house artificial reef
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KR20-2005-0018684U KR200396100Y1 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-06-28 | house type art a fish-breeding ground |
KR1020050133541A KR100580081B1 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-12-29 | Arch-type art a fish-breeding ground structure |
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KR1020050133541A KR100580081B1 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-12-29 | Arch-type art a fish-breeding ground structure |
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KR100720121B1 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-05-18 | 대한민국(관리부서:국립수산과학원) | Half cylinder type artificial reef for seaweed forest attachment |
KR200445567Y1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-08-14 | 이재우 | The Nurture Fishing Banks An Ear Shell And A Sea Slug |
KR101030597B1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2011-04-21 | 관동대학교산학협력단 | Vortex type artificial breeding reef for fish |
KR100948592B1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-03-23 | 주식회사 유림 | Cylindrical two stage type artificial fishing reef |
KR100969232B1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-07-09 | 동성해양개발 주식회사 | Artificial reef advanced uneven |
KR101120922B1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-27 | 해주이엔씨 (주) | Three curvature sided reef for seaweed |
KR20160022521A (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2016-03-02 | 이민화 | Trust type of Artificial fishing reefs |
KR101596648B1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-22 | (주)세강건설 | Arch shaped artificial Reef |
KR102068220B1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-01-22 | 대한민국 | Artificial fishing banks for suppling shelter of sea cucumber |
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JPS5298185A (en) | 1976-02-09 | 1977-08-17 | Kowa Co | Nursery shelters for larvae and juveniles |
JPS5853554U (en) | 1981-10-07 | 1983-04-12 | 松本 利明 | fish reef block |
JPS5942854Y2 (en) | 1981-10-16 | 1984-12-17 | 北海道農材工業株式会社 | Ceramic block for kelp cultivation |
JP2521625B2 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1996-08-07 | 協同組合豊前市鉄工協会 | Artificial fish reef for soft ground |
JP2000342101A (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-12 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Algal field-type fish bank |
KR200231975Y1 (en) | 2001-02-22 | 2001-07-03 | 삼일종합건설(주) | Fishing bank for farming fishes and shellfishes |
KR100464670B1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2005-01-03 | 한국해양연구원 | The steel artificial reef for submarine |
-
2005
- 2005-06-28 KR KR20-2005-0018684U patent/KR200396100Y1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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