KR200371363Y1 - Equipment for Preventing Back Current Washing Water for Use in Off-Line Washing of Gas Turbine Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing backwash water from flowing back into a combustion chamber and a turbine during compressor cleaning of a gas turbine. The compressed air having a pressure higher than the pressure of the washing water for cleaning the compressor during the compressor cleaning of a gas turbine is applied to the combustion chamber and the turbine. It relates to a device for supplying to to prevent the backflow of the compressor washing water.

The present invention is an apparatus for preventing backflow of the washing water at the time of cleaning of the gas turbine,

Air compression means for generating compressed air; Pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of the air compressed by the air compression means to be higher than the pressure of the washing water; And compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air whose pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating means to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

According to the present invention, when the gas turbine compressor is cleaned, the compressed air is supplied into the combustion chamber nozzle through the fuel supply pipe to fundamentally block the reverse flow of the combustion chamber cleaning water, thereby improving the reliability of the combustion system, and disassembling and assembling the piping around the combustion chamber. Omitting the gas turbine can increase the utilization rate of the gas turbine and comply with the compressor cleaning cycle, thereby improving the compressor performance and simplifying the cleaning operation, thereby contributing to maintenance quality.

Description

Equipment for Preventing Back Current Washing Water for Use in Off-Line Washing of Gas Turbine Compressor}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing backwash water from flowing back into a combustion chamber and a turbine during compressor cleaning of a gas turbine. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying compressed air having a pressure higher than the pressure of the washing water for cleaning the compressor during the compressor cleaning of the gas turbine to the combustion chamber and the turbine to prevent backflow of the compressor washing water.

In general, a gas turbine refers to a rotary heat engine that converts thermal energy into mechanical work by operating a turbine with high temperature and high pressure combustion gas. A gas turbine is composed of a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine as a basic component.

The operating principle of the gas turbine is to compress the air with a compressor and lead the compressed air to a combustor where the fuel is dispersed and combusted. The turbine is rotated by expanding the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated at this time while blowing out the turbine. Normally the compressor and turbine are connected directly or indirectly to one axis. The power to run the compressor uses 25 to 30% of the output from the turbine. Therefore, the power to rotate the generator with the gas turbine is the output from the turbine minus the power required to run the compressor.

The thermal efficiency of a gas turbine is better when the compressor and turbine are more efficient, and usually the higher the compression pressure is. And if the temperature of the combustion gas which enters a turbine is made high, thermal efficiency will improve. Thus, there is a need for compressors with high compression pressure, high efficiency and turbine materials that withstand high temperatures.

As such, the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is greatly influenced by the performance of the compressor. In addition, the performance of the gas turbine is degraded due to corrosion and erosion of the blades, increase in the blade attachment, sealing gap, etc. by the contaminants in the air, water or fuel as the use time, Based on GE's gas turbines, contaminants down to 5% loss of air flow typically reduce output by 13%, heat consumption by 6%, and pressure by 5.5%. In other words, when the compressor is polluted by contaminants, it can be seen that the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine is drastically reduced.

In addition, compressor contamination is usually created by suction of sticking substances such as oil vapors, soot and salts, with compressor blade contamination accounting for 70-85% of performance loss.

Compressor off-line cleaning is performed periodically to prevent this loss of performance. The off-line cleaning referred to herein means cleaning when the gas turbine is stopped. However, since the gas turbine is composed of a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine, the gas turbine is adjacently coupled to each other. Thus, when the compressor is cleaned with washing water, there is a problem that the washing water flows into the combustor.

Figure 1 shows a gas turbine compressor cleaning operation process according to the conventional method. Looking at the components of each process, there is a compressor cleaning system 100 for supplying the washing water for cleaning the compressor, the compressor 110 for supplying compressed air as a component constituting the gas turbine, compressed air and fuel A combustion chamber 120 for injecting and combusting combustion, a turbine 130 for generating power by inflating high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during combustion, and an exhaust duct 140 serving as an exhaust path of the exhaust gas after the turbine is operated.

Conventionally, the cleaning method of the compressor is to spray the washing water from the compressor cleaning system 100 to the compressor 110 to remove the adherent substances such as oil vapor, soot, salt, etc. It was inevitable to flow into the combustion chamber 120 through the. In addition, the washing water flowed into the turbine and the exhaust duct 140 as well as the combustion chamber.

Thus, the washing water introduced in the washing process was bound to the bottom of each part, and at the bottom of each gas turbine, there were dozens of outlets for discharging the accumulated washing water generated during the washing process. It was a system for discharging the decayed wash water through the outlet.

However, the conventional cleaning system has a structure that cannot fundamentally prevent the inflow of the washing water into the combustor and the turbine, and if the washing water flows into the combustor nozzle during the compressor cleaning or the washing water accumulates at the lower end of the gas turbine body, There have been a lot of problems in the conventional method because it causes the combustor performance, such as damage to the combustor and combustion instability.

In order to prevent this, when cleaning the compressor, it is necessary to separate about 70 combustor pipes such as the combustion supply pipe and the air supply pipe for inflow into the combustor, spray the washing water to clean the compressor, and then reassemble the pipe around the combustor. The long-term shutdown of the gas turbine was inevitable and a lot of manpower was required.

Therefore, the present invention is designed to solve the above problems, in order to solve the problem that the cleaning water flows into the combustor and the turbine when cleaning the conventional gas turbine compressor, the combustor damage and combustion state is unstable and the combustor performance is deteriorated, When the turbine compressor is cleaned, high-pressure compressed air is injected by the washing water backflow prevention device, and the washing water backflow into the combustion chamber can be prevented without separating the combustion pipes such as the combustion supply pipe and the combustion supply pipe that flow into the combustion chamber during cleaning. Its purpose is to reduce the manpower required by excluding the separation and assembly process, reduce the downtime of the gas turbine, and ultimately contribute to industrial development through cost reduction and stable operation of the power generation facilities. It is done.

1 is a process for cleaning a gas turbine compressor according to the related art;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the operation of the turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device,

3 is an exemplary view of a turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device;

4 is a compressed air supply system diagram,

5 is a diagram illustrating a compressor cleaning process after supplying compressed air.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: compressor cleaning system 110: gas turbine compressor

120: gas turbine combustion chamber 130: turbine

140: exhaust duct 200: air compression means

210: pressure regulating means 220: compressed air supply means

230: combustion chamber 240: air pressure measuring device

250: washing water pressure measuring device 260: controller

300: compressor washing water backflow prevention device

310: compressed air supply line 320: compressed air distribution chamber

330: combustion chamber compressed air supply line 340: air pressure measuring device

350: pressure regulating valve 360: strainer

370: moving base 400: air compressor

410: fuel supply pipe 420: combustion air supply pipe

430: combustor nozzle

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for preventing backflow of washing water during cleaning of a gas turbine, comprising: air compression means for generating compressed air; Pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of the air compressed by the air compression means to be higher than the pressure of the washing water; And compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air whose pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating means to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same reference numerals are used as much as possible even if displayed on different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related known configuration or function may obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a compressor cleaning operation of a gas turbine according to a conventional method. As described above, the gas turbine is composed of a compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine, an exhaust duct, and the like, and flushes the washing water in the compressor cleaning system to clean the compressor.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the operation of the turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device. The washing water backflow prevention apparatus of the turbine compressor according to the present invention is for adjusting the pressure of the compressed air from the air compression means 200 and the air compression means 200 for generating compressed air as shown in FIG. The pressure adjusting means 210 and the compressed air supplying means 220 for supplying the compressed air whose pressure is controlled from the pressure adjusting means 210 to the combustion chamber are used as basic components.

Referring to the operation of the turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device according to the present invention, compressed air is first generated from the air compression means 200, and the compressed air is supplied to the compressed air by maintaining an appropriate pressure by the pressure regulating means 210. Supplying compressed air to the combustion chamber 230 through the means 220 is a basic operating concept. In addition, the air pressure measured from the air pressure measuring device 240 after measuring the pressure of the washing water in the washing water pressure measuring device 250 in a method added to the basic operating device in connection with the broken line of FIG. The controller 260 may increase the efficiency of the turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device by providing the compressed air to the combustion chamber by controlling the pressure adjusting means 210 to maintain the air pressure higher than the washing water pressure in comparison with each other.

3 is an exemplary view of a turbine compressor washing water backflow prevention device according to the present invention. In other words, FIG. 3 shows a compressor washing water backflow prevention device 300 corresponding to a first embodiment of a compressed air supply device for preventing backflow of washing water when washing a compressor.

Looking at each component according to the first embodiment of the present invention, there is a compressed air supply line 310 for supplying compressed air from the air compressor, and stores the compressed air from the compressed air supply line 310, There is a compressed air distribution chamber (Chamber) 320 that maintains pressure and distributes compressed air to each combustion chamber supply line, and supplies compressed air to a fuel supply line or a spray air supply line of each combustion chamber. Combustion chamber compressed air supply line 330 is the main component. Combustion chamber compressed air supply line 330 is five, in addition to the pressure control valve 350 and the air pressure measuring device 340, etc. as a component.

Looking at the specific coupling between the components of the compressor washing water backflow prevention device 300 according to the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 the compressed air supply line 310 is connected to the compressed air distribution chamber 320 Five combustion chamber compressed air supply lines 330 are connected to the side of the compressed air distribution chamber 320, and an air pressure measuring device 340 is attached to the compressed air distribution chamber 320 to supply the compressed air pressure. To measure the pressure, the compressed air supply line 310 is provided with a pressure control valve 350 to adjust the pressure of the compressed air distribution chamber (320). In addition, as an additional device, an air strainer 360 is installed between the compressed air supply line 310 and the compressed air distribution chamber 320 to remove foreign matters from the compressed air supplied to the combustion chamber. A moving pedestal 370 is attached to the lower portion of the compressed air distribution chamber 320 to facilitate the movement of the compressor near the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

The first embodiment described above is merely a general example of the compressor washing water backflow prevention device, and thus includes an air compression means, a pressure regulating means, and a compressed air supplying means to supply compressed air into the combustion chamber to prevent the backflow of the washing water. Any device that can be prevented will be included in the technical idea according to the present invention.

Looking at the second embodiment according to the present invention is a compressed air supply line 310 is a component of the embodiment is connected to the compressed air distribution chamber 320, the side of the compressed air distribution chamber 320 is compressed five combustion chambers An air supply line 330 is connected, and an air pressure measuring device 340 is attached to the compressed air distribution chamber 320 to measure the pressure of the compressed air, and the compressed air supply line 310 is compressed. In the compressor washing water backflow prevention device provided with the pressure control valve 350 to adjust the pressure of the air distribution chamber 320, referring to the operation process shown in FIG. 2 and the exemplary view of FIG. And a washing water pressure measuring device (250) capable of measuring the pressure of the washing machine, and a measurement value measured by the washing water pressure measuring device (250) and an air pressure measuring device (240) attached to the compressed air distribution chamber (320). Pressure from A back flow prevention device can be cleaned compressor comprising a control pressure measurement to be kept high to a minimum pressure of the compressed air valve 350, automatic controller 260 which can control than the pressure of the washing water to.

4 shows a compressed air supply system diagram. Referring to the schematic diagram of compressed air supply, when compressed air is generated from the air compressor 400 and supplied to the compressor washing water backflow preventing device 300, the compressed air distribution chamber 320 of the compressor washing water backflow preventing device 300 is provided. When the compressed air is supplied to each fuel supply pipe (Manifold) 410 and the combustion air supply pipe (Manifold) 420 by maintaining an appropriate pressure at the fuel supply pipe, the fuel supply pipe 410 and the combustion air supply pipe 420 are combustor nozzles. The compressed air is supplied to the 430.

According to a specific embodiment of the compressor washing water backflow prevention device 300, the compressed air higher than the compressor outlet pressure is supplied to the fuel supply pipe of the combustor in consideration of the fact that the compressor outlet pressure of the washing water is generally 0.5 psi or less. A method of supplying a compressor to prevent backflow of the washing water was used.

In actual compressor cleaning, U-shaped tube was used to measure the head difference from atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the washing water was 0.393 psi, and the minimum supply pressure of the compressed air for suppressing the backwater of the combustion chamber was lower than that of the washing water. Since the minimum supply pressure of the compressed air must be high, the water head difference with the atmospheric pressure is changed by using a U-shaped tube like the combustion chamber pressure measurement method such as the change of the compressed air supply pipe and the pressure of the compressed air distribution chamber 220. The measurement method was adjusted through actual experiments and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

According to the results of Table 1, since all of the experimental values are the minimum compressed air pressure is higher than the washing water pressure, it is possible to prevent backflow of the compressor washing water according to the present invention in any of the first, second and third cases.

Figure 5 shows the cleaning process after the compressed air supply at the compressor cleaning. Referring to the components according to each process as shown in Figure 5, there is a compressor cleaning system 100 for supplying the washing water for cleaning the compressor and the compressor 110 for supplying compressed air as a component constituting the gas turbine ), Combustion chamber 120 for injecting and combusting compressed air and fuel, turbine 130 for generating power by inflating high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during combustion, and exhaust that becomes the exhaust path of the exhaust gas after the turbine is operated. There is a duct 140.

The above is the same as the components of the compressor cleaning process described with reference to FIG. 1, and the operation diagram after the compressed air supply shown in FIG. 5 is the combustion chamber compressed air supply line 330 of the compressor washing water backflow prevention apparatus 300 according to the present invention. ) Is connected to the fuel supply pipe 410 and the combustion air supply pipe 420 of the lowermost combustor of the combustion chamber 120 to supply compressed air to the combustion chamber through each supply pipe (Manifold).

Looking at the process of cleaning the compressor using the compressor washing water backflow prevention device 300 according to the present invention, first, the combustion chamber compressed air supply line 330 of the compressor washing water backflow prevention device 300 is located in the lowermost part of the combustion chamber After connecting to the fuel supply pipe 410 and the combustion air supply pipe 420 of the, while maintaining the pressure using the pressure control valve 350 as shown in Table 1, the pressure in the compressed air distribution chamber 320 By supplying compressed air into the combustion chamber, the pressure in the combustion chamber is kept higher than the inlet pressure of the washing water during the cleaning.

Compressed air supplied to the combustion chamber 120 allows the pressure in the combustion chamber 120 to maintain a pressure higher than the pressure of the compressor cleaning water (usually 0.5 psi or less), and the cleaning water flowing into the peripheral pipe connected to each combustor. Could fundamentally prevent it. In addition, even when the washing water flows back into the combustion chamber little by little due to the fluctuation of the pressure during the compressor washing, the washing water is rapidly evaporated due to the ejection of the compressed air supplied to the combustion chamber 120, thereby allowing the washing water to flow into the combustor. It could prevent the fatal damage of the combustor.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas falling within the scope of the present invention should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the gas turbine compressor is cleaned, the compressed air is supplied to the inside of the combustion chamber nozzle through the fuel supply pipe to fundamentally block backflow of the combustion chamber cleaning water, thereby improving the reliability of the combustion system. By eliminating the disassembly and assembling process, the gas turbine utilization rate was increased, and the compressor cleaning cycle was observed to improve compressor performance and simplify cleaning.

Looking at the cost savings due to the reduction of the compressor cleaning time according to the present invention, as the gas turbine compressor cleaning time is shortened, the gas turbine shutdown period is shortened by 64 days per year, increasing the number of operating days of the gas turbine, costing 33.21 billion won annually In addition, the efficiency of the gas turbine was increased as the number of times of cleaning was increased, and the increase in the output and efficiency of the gas turbine is shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Looking at the specific basis of the calculation,

Efficiency increase after washing (average of two measurements)

Increasing the efficiency of gas turbines with increasing cleaning frequency

Same as

After washing, the output increased, and the average efficiency increase amounted to 0.21%, resulting in an increase of 14,845,572 kWh in annual power generation, resulting in a cost reduction of about 100 million Yuan per year.

As another effect of the present invention, the reliability of the combustor system was improved by preventing the introduction of cleaning water into the air supply pipe for fuel injection and atomization, and the compressor performance was improved by observing the cleaning cycle. This prevents fastening bolts from damage and reduces the risk of fuel leaks.

With the introduction of the present invention, the required manpower is reduced by excluding the separation and assembly process by preventing the backflow of the washing water to the combustor without separating the piping around the combustor such as the combustion supply pipe and the combustion supply pipe that flow into the combustor during cleaning. In addition, by reducing the downtime of the gas turbine, it was possible to ultimately contribute to industrial development through cost reduction and stable operation of power generation facilities due to increased power generation efficiency.

Claims (8)

In the device for preventing the backflow of the washing water in the cleaning of the gas turbine, Air compression means for generating compressed air; Pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of the air compressed by the air compression means to be higher than the pressure of the washing water; And Compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air of which pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating means to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine Off-line cleaning cleaning water backflow prevention device for a gas turbine compressor comprising a. The method of claim 1, The compressed air supply means includes a compressed air distribution chamber that receives and distributes compressed air from the air compression means, and one or more combustion chamber compressed air supplies for guiding compressed air distributed from the compressed air distribution chamber to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. An off-line cleaning cleaning water backflow prevention device for a gas turbine compressor, comprising: a line. The method of claim 2, The pressure regulating means includes at least one pressure regulating valve disposed between the air compression means and the compressed air distribution chamber to adjust the pressure of the compressed air distribution chamber. Device. The method of claim 3, wherein The compressor washing water backflow preventing device includes an air pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure of the compressed air flowing into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The method of claim 4, wherein The compressor washing water backflow preventing apparatus includes a washing water pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure of the washing water flowing in during cleaning. The method of claim 5, wherein And a control unit controlling the pressure regulating valve such that the pressure of the compressed air flowing into the gas turbine combustion chamber is higher than the washing water pressure based on the pressure measured by the air pressure measuring device and the washing water pressure measuring device. A washing water backflow prevention device for cleaning a gas turbine compressor. The method of claim 6, And a filter disposed between the compressed air supply means and the compressed air distribution chamber. The method of claim 7, wherein And a movable pedestal disposed under the compressed air distribution chamber.