KR20030024762A - Manufacturing Methods of Mutual joined Double Layer Type High Performance Porous Planting Block Utilizing Industry Wastes and Polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for preparing the interconnected multilayer type high functional porous vegetation block using the industrial waste and a polymer, a vegetation block prepared by the method and a support block for protecting the vegetation block are provided, to improve the stability when it is constructed on the dam or the slope by setting interconnecting tools in the block. CONSTITUTION: The vegetation block is prepared by using the mixture of a common Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.14-3.15, a high early-strength Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.12-3.14 or a furnace slag cement with a specific gravity of 3.00-3.10, and the broken stone with a degree of particle size of 5-10 mm, 10-20 mm and 20-30 mm and a specific gravity of 2.6-2.7 or the recycled aggregate of the waste concrete with a specific gravity of 2.20-2.30. The vegetation block comprises further the silica hume with a specific gravity of 2.1-2.2, the fly ash with a specific gravity of 1.9-2.3, a high functional AE water reducing agent, a water binder and a paste aggregate for improving the strength, the durability and the workability and for forming pores.

Description

Manufacturing Method of Mutual joined Double Layer Type High Performance Porous Planting Block Utilizing Industry Wastes and Polymer

The present invention relates to a porous vegetation block applied to a river shore, a dam, a road slope, etc., and has an environmental conservation effect through recycling of resources using industrial by-products such as waste concrete, silica fume, and fly ash, which are mostly buried. The polymer dispersant and reinforcing fiber are used to make the block of high toughness and durability. In addition, in the manufacture of blocks, differentiation of the formation of planting holes and the upper and lower layers of porosity in the block and the upper and lower layers according to the purpose, forming various irregularities in the upper layer of the block to have a function of applying various plants and the loss of covering soil, and connect between blocks The present invention relates to the manufacture of interconnected multi-layered high-performance porous vegetation blocks using industrial wastes and polymers to improve the stability of river lakes, dams, road slopes by installing connecting rings, connecting pins, and connecting devices.

Recently, with the increasing awareness of global-scale environmental issues such as global warming and desertification, there is a strong orientation toward landscape and environmental consideration for urban development. Among these movements, urban and district development under the premise of environmental preservation and landscape improvement is underway, and harmony between the natural environment and concrete structures is required. Blocks applied to existing river lakes, dams and road slopes are mostly made of general concrete, focusing only on structural functionality. However, these blocks made of ordinary concrete are not in harmony with the surrounding environment and cause the destruction and disconnection of the surrounding ecosystem. Therefore, manufacturing technology and product development of environmentally friendly blocks that can coexist and coexist with the surrounding natural environment while satisfying the structural functions of the existing general concrete blocks are urgently needed.

The present invention provides a foundation for the growth of plants by producing concrete blocks applied to rivers, lakes, dams, road slopes, etc., with porous porous concrete, and recycled aggregates made from waste concrete and silica fume, fly ash, etc., which are industrial by-products. It is used to recycle resources and to preserve the environment by using industrial wastes, and it is possible to manufacture highly tough and durable porous vegetation blocks using reinforcing fibers such as hook-type steel fibers and short polypropylene fibers and polymer dispersants. Forming of planting holes in the inner and connecting parts, differentiating porosity of the upper and lower blocks, and forming various irregularities in the upper layer of the block have the effect of applying various plants and the loss of covering, and installing connecting devices and connecting rings that can be connected to each other. Industrial waste and poles for more stable riversides, dams and road slopes The purpose of this study is to manufacture interconnected bilayered high-performance porous vegetation blocks using reamers.

1 is a manufacturing flow chart of interconnected multi-layered high-performance porous vegetation block using industrial waste and polymer

Figure 2 is a plan view of the vegetation block Type-A prepared by the present invention

Figure 3 is a side view of the vegetation block Type-A prepared by the present invention

Figure 4 is a steel wire and reinforcement of the vegetation block Type-A prepared by the present invention

5 is a plan view of the vegetation block Type-B prepared by the present invention

Figure 6 is a side view of the vegetation block Type-B prepared by the present invention

7 is a reinforcing wire and reinforcing bar of vegetation block Type-B prepared by the present invention

8 is a perspective view of the vegetation block Type-C produced by the present invention

9 is a plan view of the vegetation block Type-C prepared by the present invention

10 is a side view of the vegetation block Type-C produced by the present invention

11 is a reinforcing wire and reinforcing bar of vegetation block Type-C produced by the present invention

12 is a perspective view of the vegetation block Type-D produced by the present invention

Figure 13 is a plan view of the vegetation block Type-D prepared by the present invention

Figure 14 is a side view of the vegetation block Type-D prepared by the present invention

15 is a reinforcing wire and reinforcing bar of vegetation block Type-D prepared by the present invention

Figure 16a, b is a plan view, side view of the support block Type-A, Type-B produced by the present invention

Figures a, b are the interconnects of the blocks produced by the present invention

18 is a layout view of blocks produced by the present invention.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the following materials are used.

The cement has a specific gravity of 3.14 to 3.15, fineness 3,200~3,400cm ² / g Ordinary Portland Cement, specific gravity 3.12 to 3.14, fineness 4,000~4,500cm-early-strength portland cement in ² / g, specific gravity of 3.00 to 3.10 used in this invention, Blast furnace slag cement with 20 to 40% blast furnace slag content and 4,000 to 4,200 cm ² / g powder is used. Aggregate particle size range 5~10mm, 10~20mm, using the recycled aggregates produced by crushing the waste concrete and Crushed 20~ of 30mm, and the specific gravity is 2.6 to 2.7 Crushed, unit weight 1,470~1,520kgf / m ³ The recycled aggregates are used in the range of 52 ~ 57%, and the recycled aggregate has a specific gravity of 2.20 ~ 2.30, unit volume weight of 1,280 ~ 1,370kgf / m ³ , and a yield of 50 ~ 56%. % Mixed and used. Industrial by-products is silica fume, fly ash, etc., and use of silica fume is early strength development, water-tightness and a specific gravity from 2.1 to 2.2 for the improvement of durability, resistance to segregation, unit weight 250~300kgf / m ^3, fineness 150,000~250,000cm ² / g, SiO ₂ content of more than 90% by mixing 5 to 20% in the cement replacement ratio (weight ratio), or to increase the resistance to compression, tensile, flexural strength and sulfate, and to suppress cracks by reducing the heat of hydration A fly ash with a specific gravity of 1.9 to 2.3, a powder of 3,000 to 3,500 cm ² / g and a SiO ₂ content of 61 to 67% is used as a cement replacement ratio (weight ratio) of 10 to 30%. In order to improve adhesion, impact resistance, chemical resistance, etc. of porous vegetation block, PAE (Poly-Acrylic Ester) emulsion or acrylic polymer having specific gravity of 1.04 to 1.08 and viscosity of 40 to 60 mPa · s or specific gravity of 1.0 to 1.05, viscosity of 60 to 70 mPa Polymer dispersant such as SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber) of s is mixed with 5 to 25% by weight of cement, and specific gravity 7.5 ~ 8.0, tensile strength 10,000 ~ 11,000kgf / cm to secure tensile strength, flexural strength and flexural toughness. ² , End hooked steel fiber with length of 3-40mm or Polypropylene chopped fiber with specific gravity 0.90 ~ 0.95, tensile strength 2,500 ~ 2,700kgf / cm ² , length 3-50mm The mixing ratio is coarse aggregate replacement volume (volume ratio), which is used by mixing 0.3 ~ 0.6 Vol.% Of steel fiber and 0.1 ~ 0.5 Vol.% Of short polypropylene fiber.

In order to form vegetation-based continuous pores of the porous vegetation block, the compound of the present invention has a water binder ratio of 20 to 35%, a paste aggregate ratio of 30 to 40%, and an industrial by-product of silica fume, fly ash, and acrylic polymer PAE. (Poly-Acrylic Ester) Emulsion or polymer dispersant such as SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber), polypropylene short fiber and steel fiber as reinforcing fibers are mixed. High-performance susceptor is tested for flow of cement paste to maintain constant workability. Calculate through and mix 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of cement. In the mixing method, cement, aggregate, industrial by-product silica fume, fly ash, polymer, reinforcing fiber, etc. are put into a forced mixer or omni mixer, and then subjected to a dry beam for 1 to 2 minutes. To the mixture and mix again for 2 to 3 minutes. Curing is demoulded after 48 hours and subjected to underwater curing from 20 ± 3 ℃ to target age.

Porous vegetation block produced by the present invention is 40 to 120cm in width, 40 to 120cm in width, 10 to 30cm in height, planting hole is 0 to 20cm, the block is composed of a double layer and the upper layer has a porosity of 10 to 20%, The height of 5 ~ 10cm, the shape of irregularities such as natural stone, hemispherical shape, rhombus shape, etc., the lower layer has the porosity of 15 ~ 30%, the height of 5 ~ 20cm, and the inside of the block of rust-treated steel wire and reinforcing bar with the diameter of 3 ~ 13mm Reinforce the grid shape at the point of 1/3 to 1/2 of the height, and install and install the connecting ring or connecting pin that can be connected to each other by rusted steel wire and reinforcing bar of 5-10mm in diameter. Fixing between connecting rings installed in each block is made of 3-8cm diameter round steel connecting device and fixed with fixing bolts and pins. In order to prevent the block from being damaged due to the high velocity of the river or the collision of traffic on the road when the block is manufactured on a river lagoon, a dam, or a road slope, the bottom width is 40 to 120 cm A support block with a width of 40 ~ 120cm and a height of 10 ~ 30cm is installed, and a porous vegetation block is installed on it.

In order to verify the quality evaluation and vegetation ability of the porous vegetation block prepared by the present invention, the following experiments are carried out. In order to measure the porosity that has the greatest influence on the vegetation capacity of the block, a cylindrical specimen of ø15 × 30cm was fabricated to completely seal the side and bottom of the specimen and to inject water from the top to completely catch the specimen. After measuring the weight of the specimen after drying in air for 1 day, dividing the difference by the volume of the specimen, measuring the porosity, and measuring the circumferential specimen of ø10 × 20 cm in order to determine whether it shows an alkali elution amount suitable for plant growth. Underwater curing is carried out until the age of 2, and 30 ml of distilled water is sprayed on the upper part of the specimen, and the pH of the distilled water flowing out to the lower part is measured according to KS M 0011 "Method of measuring pH of aqueous solution". In order to measure the strength characteristics of the vegetation block, a cylindrical specimen of ø10 × 20cm was produced and, in accordance with KS F 2405 『Concrete Compression Strength Test Method for Concretes』 on the 28th of the age, a hydraulic universal testing machine with a capacity of 100tonf manufactured by M Company of Japan was used. Measure the compressive strength. Flexural strength was prepared by measuring 15 × 15 × 55cm specimens and measured in accordance with KCI-SF-104, `` Testing for Flexural Strength and Flexural Toughness of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete '' at 28 days of age. In order to evaluate the chemical resistance, a cylindrical specimen of ø10 × 20cm was manufactured and immersed in 1% sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) solution for up to 6 months of age to measure and evaluate the weight change rate according to age. To do this, panel specimens of 50 × 50 × 10 cm were prepared, and 3 kg of steel balls were dropped at 28 days of age to measure and evaluate the number of drops when the specimens were destroyed. In addition, a panel specimen of 50 × 50 × 10 cm was prepared to evaluate the vegetation ability of the porous vegetation block, and the sludge-filled material, which was mixed with a repairing material, fertilizer, and cultured soil, was filled with internal vibrators using a vibrator and dried for 1 day. After that, the soil was prepared by mixing culture soil and peatmouth, and the soil was applied to the block, and in order to increase the germination rate, the seeds were soaked in water for one day and then sown to grow plants at 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 180 days. Measure vegetation capacity by measuring. Seeds used for the evaluation of vegetation capacity were herbaceous Perenial ryegrass and woody sacca.

Table 3 below is an evaluation of the quality characteristics of the porous vegetation block for the blending example of Table 1.

Table 4 below is an evaluation of the quality characteristics of the porous vegetation block for the blending example of Table 2.

As a result of evaluating the quality characteristics of the examples, the porosity tended to decrease as the mixing ratio of the industrial by-product silica fume and fly ash increased regardless of the aggregate type. It is believed that the increase is due to an increase in the amount of cement paste due to the difference in specific gravity with cement. In the case of alkali elution, the difference in the amount of aggregate was insignificant, but the alkali elution tended to decrease as the mixing ratio of silica fume and fly ash, which are industrial byproducts, increased. In comparison, when 4.6-17.5% and fly ash were mixed, the alkali elution amount was 8.3-23.0%. This tendency is attributed to the pozzolanic reaction between silica fume, fly ash and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) of industrial by-products, resulting in the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH gel). . Thus, it can be seen that by incorporating industrial by-products such as silica fume and fly ash, the amount of alkali elution suitable for the growth conditions of plants is shown. The compressive strength tended to increase as the mixing ratio of industrial fume silica fume and fly ash increased. Especially, silica fume showed 9.0 ~ 24.0% strength increase compared to the case where silica fume was not mixed. It is believed that the strength of the cement paste is enhanced by the fine filling effect and the pozzolanic reaction due to the incorporation of silica fume having a large powder. The compressive strength difference according to the aggregate type and the fiber mixing ratio is insignificant. The flexural strength of the fiber and polymer dispersant was superior to that of the non-mixing, and the mixing strength of SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber) and steel fiber showed 29.3 ~ 34.2 kgf / cm ² . The cause of this is that as the fiber is mixed, the adhesion between the fiber and the concrete increases due to the anchoring action of the fiber, which increases the resistance to cracking during flexural behavior and the viscosity of the cement paste due to the incorporation of the polymer dispersant increases the flexural strength. It is considered to be enhanced. Regardless of the aggregate type, the chemical resistance showed good quality characteristics as the mixing ratio of silica fume and fly ash, which are industrial by-products, increased. This tendency was due to the pozzolanic reaction between industrial fume silica fume, fly ash and cement. The amount of calcium (C ₃ A) and calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) decreases, reducing the amount of ettringite produced by the reaction with sulfates, thereby alleviating the swelling pressure generated during the formation of ettringite. This is because corrosion resistance to sulfate is reduced. In the case of impact resistance, the impact resistance is excellent due to the increase of adhesion between cement paste and aggregate by mixing fiber and polymer dispersant and the pozzolanic reaction due to the mixing of industrial byproduct silica fume and fly ash. It seems to have appeared.

Table 5 below evaluates the vegetation capacity of the porous vegetation block for the compounding example.

In order to evaluate the vegetation capacity of the porous vegetation block, the interior pores of the vegetation block are filled with a mixture of conservatives, fertilizers, and cultured soils, and the cover soil is mixed with cultured soils and pitmouths on the top of the block to carry out perennial ligras. ryegrass) and cyanobacteria, the tree roots, were sown and their growth was observed by age. The height of grass height increased with age, and herbaceous perennial ryegrass showed 45.0 ~ 47.2cm in herbaceous period 180 days and 17.6 ~ 22.4cm in herbaceous cypress, 17.6 ~ 22.4cm. there was. Therefore, when the block according to the present invention is applied to a river shore or a dam, road slope, etc., it is possible to apply not only herbaceous plants but also tree plants, so that harmony and protection with the surrounding natural ecosystem can be obtained by applying various plants.

As described above, the present invention manufactures interconnected multi-layered high-performance porous vegetation blocks using industrial wastes and polymers, and can be applied to riverside lakes, dams, road slopes, etc. to construct more stable slope structures and to plant various plants. By harmonizing and activating with the surrounding natural ecosystem, and recycling recycled aggregates and industrial by-products, there is a resource saving and environmental pollution prevention effect through effective utilization of waste.

Claims (6)

Normal portland cement with specific gravity 3.14-3.15 or crude steel portland cement with specific gravity 3.12-3.14 or blast furnace slag cement with specific gravity 3.00-3.10 and particle size range 5-10 mm, 10 It is characterized in that 0 to 100% of crushed stone recycled aggregates having a density of 20 to 20 mm, 20 to 30 mm, specific gravity of 2.6 to 2.7 or 2.20 to 2.30 of waste concrete are mixed and used in the ratio of crushed stone (volume ratio). In order to ensure the recycling of resources and to ensure the strength and durability of the blocks, silica fume with industrial specific gravity of 2.1 to 2.2 and powder degree of 150,000 to 250,000 cm ² / g may be mixed with cement replacement ratio (weight ratio) of 5 to 20% or specific gravity of 1.9 to 2.3. , high-performance AE water reducing agent powder is also when the order to secure a constant wokeobilriti of the cement paste, and used as a 10 to 30% fly ash of 3,000~3,500 cm ² / g as a cement replacement ratio (weight ratio) It is mixed with 0.5 to 2.0% by weight ratio, water binding material ratio is 20 to 35%, paste aggregate ratio is 30 to 40%, and porosity is formed by 10 to 30%, thus retaining the vegetation function and the reproductive function of organisms (Habitat). Method for producing porous vegetation block According to claim 1 In order to secure adhesion, impact resistance, chemical resistance, etc. in the production of the porous vegetation block, an acrylic polymer specific gravity 1.04 to 1.08, poly-acrylic ester (PAE) having a viscosity of 40 to 60 mP · s or a specific gravity of 1.0 to 1.05, a viscosity of 60 to Manufacturing method characterized in that the polymer dispersant, such as SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber) of 70mP · s incorporating 5 to 25% by weight ratio of cement The method of claim 1 Porous vegetation manufacturing tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural toughness, impact strength and crack suppressing both ends of hooked steel fibers to secure 3~40mm fiber length, a specific gravity of 7.5 to 8.0, a tensile strength of 10,000 ~ 11,000kgf / cm ² function of the block ( End hooked steel fiber is mixed with 0.3 ~ 0.6Vol.% Of aggregate replacement volume (volume ratio) or 3 ~ 50mm fiber length, 0.9 ~ 0.95 specific gravity, and polypropylene chopped fiber with tensile strength 2,500 ~ 2,700kgf / cm ² ) 0.1 to 0.5% by volume of aggregate replacement ratio (volume ratio) Blocks produced by the method of producing a porous vegetation block are as shown in Figs. 2, 5, 9, and 13, and the dimensions are 40 to 120 cm in width, 40 to 120 cm in height, and 10 to 30 cm in height. The block is composed of two layers so as to retain the functions of preventing and repairing the soil cover during application and rainfall or flooding, and retaining the functions of moisturizing and nutrient source. The porosity of the upper layer layer 20 is 10-20%, the height is 5-10cm, the shape is magnetic stone Hemispherical, rhombus-shaped irregularities are formed, and the block lower layer 10 has a porosity of 15 to 30% and a height of 5 to 20 cm, and a planting hole 30 of 0 to 20 cm is formed in the block and the connection part. Forus Vegetation Block When manufacturing the porous vegetation block, as shown in FIGS. 4, 7, 11, and 15, the steel wire or reinforcing bar 60 having a diameter of 3 to 13 mm that is rust-treated at a point 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the lower layer 10 is grating. Reinforce the shape and install the connecting ring (40), the pin (50) and the circular steel connecting device (80) with a diameter of 3 to 8cm made of steel wires and rebars of 5 to 10mm in diameter so as to be integrated with each other. Vegetation block, characterized in that to ensure the vegetation function and stability of rivers, lakes, dams, road slopes When the vegetation block manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention is installed in a river lake, a dam, a road slope, or the like, the vegetation block is prevented from being damaged due to a high velocity of the river or a collision with a traffic vehicle on the road. and making the installation support block as that shown in Figure 18, the dimensions of the block and is made of 40~120cm lateral width, longitudinal width 40~120cm, 10~ and height 30cm, plain concrete compressive strength than 240kgf / cm ^2, goblets Supporting block, characterized in that to ensure structural and soil engineering stability by installing a connecting ring that can be connected between the block and the vegetation block to be integral with each other