KR20030014877A - Catalyst for reduction of emitted gases from automobile - Google Patents
Catalyst for reduction of emitted gases from automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20030014877A KR20030014877A KR1020010048763A KR20010048763A KR20030014877A KR 20030014877 A KR20030014877 A KR 20030014877A KR 1020010048763 A KR1020010048763 A KR 1020010048763A KR 20010048763 A KR20010048763 A KR 20010048763A KR 20030014877 A KR20030014877 A KR 20030014877A
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- catalyst
- exhaust gas
- ceo2
- alkali metal
- hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 가솔린 자동차의 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 촉매를 구성하는 다공성 담지체에 귀금속 촉매활성물질을 담지시키되, 촉매의 저온활성을 향상시키기 위해 알칼리 금속 산화물의 함량을 조절하여 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 주성분인 탄화수소를 효율적으로 정화할 수 있는 가솔린 자동차의 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a gasoline vehicle, and more particularly, to support a noble metal catalyst active material on a porous support constituting the catalyst, by adjusting the content of the alkali metal oxide to improve the low temperature activity of the catalyst The present invention relates to a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a gasoline vehicle, which can efficiently purify hydrocarbons which are main components of gasoline vehicle exhaust gas.
내열 및 내구성이 요구되는 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 있어서, 백금, 팔라듐 또는 로듐등의 귀금속류가 함유된 촉매가 활발히 연구되고 있으며 또한 생산되는 자동차에 적용되고 있다. 이러한 귀금속류가 함유된 촉매는 내열, 내구성 및 촉매의 성능을 향상시키기 위하여 많은 조촉매들이 첨가되어지고 있다.In automobile exhaust gas purification catalysts requiring heat resistance and durability, catalysts containing precious metals such as platinum, palladium or rhodium have been actively studied and applied to automobiles produced. Catalysts containing such noble metals have been added with many promoters to improve heat resistance, durability and catalyst performance.
내연기관의 배출가스에 대한 방출기준이 각국 정부에 의해 정해져 있으며 또한 이에 대한 모니터링도 그 기준이 정해져 있다. 배출가스에 대한 모니터링 기준을 만족시키기 위하여 사용되는 기술이 조촉매제의 산소저장능력을 이용하는 것이다. 따라서 사용되고 있는 촉매들은 산소저장능력이 있는 세리아 또는 세리아 복합산화물을 사용하고 있으며 이들의 산소저장능력이 자동차 배출가스중 탄화수소의 산화반응력을 저하시켜 탄화수소의 정화능을 감소시키는 요인이 되고 있다.Emission standards for internal combustion engine emissions are set by national governments, and monitoring standards are also set. The technique used to meet the monitoring criteria for emissions is to use the oxygen storage capacity of the promoter. Therefore, the catalysts used are ceria or ceria composite oxides with oxygen storage capacity, and their oxygen storage capacity is a factor that reduces the purification ability of hydrocarbons by reducing the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust gas.
따라서 본 발명은 이러한 세리아의 함량을 조절하여 우수한 탄화수소 정화능을 갖는 촉매에 관한 것이다.Therefore, the present invention relates to a catalyst having excellent hydrocarbon purification ability by controlling the content of such ceria.
따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 종래 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 다공성 담지체에 귀금속 촉매활성물질을 담지시키되, 촉매의 저온활성을 향상시키기 위해 알칼리 금속 산화물인 세리아의 함량을 조절하여 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 주성분인 탄화수소를 효율적으로 정화할 수 있는 가솔린 자동차의 배기가스 정화용 촉매를 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention, in order to solve the problems as described above, while supporting a precious metal catalytic active material on a porous support, by adjusting the content of ceria, which is an alkali metal oxide to improve the low temperature activity of the catalyst gasoline vehicle exhaust An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a gasoline vehicle that can efficiently purify hydrocarbons, which are gas main components.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 실시예 1, 2의 배기가스 정화용 촉매와 종래 사용되는 비교예 촉매의 탄화수소 정화율을 비교하여 나타낸 것이다.1 shows a comparison of hydrocarbon purification rates of the catalysts for purification of exhaust gas of Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention with comparative catalysts used in the prior art.
본 발명은 세라믹 또는 금속 다공성 담지체에 활성알루미나(γ-Al2O3), 희토류 산화물, 알칼리 금속 산화물 및 귀금속 촉매활성물질이 담지되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 있어서,The present invention provides a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a gasoline vehicle, wherein an active alumina (γ-Al 2 O 3 ), a rare earth oxide, an alkali metal oxide, and a noble metal catalytically active material are supported on a ceramic or metal porous support.
상기 알카리 금속 산화물로 세리아(CeO2)가 담지체 100 중량부에 대하여 15 중량부 담지되어 있는 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매를 그 특징으로 한다.A catalyst for purifying gaseous vehicle exhaust gas, in which ceria (CeO 2 ) is supported by 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the alkali metal oxide, is characterized by the above-mentioned.
이하, 본 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
본 발명은 다공성 담지체에 활성알루미나(γ-Al2O3), 희토류 산화물, 알칼리 금속 산화물 및 촉매활성 물질로서 귀금속이 각각 담지되어 있으며, 저온활성을 향상시키기 위하여 알칼리금속 산화물인 세리아의 첨가량을 조절함으로써 배기가스 중의 탄화수소 정화율을 향상시키는 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매를 제공한다.In the present invention, the active alumina (γ-Al 2 O 3 ), rare earth oxides, alkali metal oxides and noble metals are supported on the porous support, and the amount of ceria, which is an alkali metal oxide, is added to improve low temperature activity. The present invention provides a catalyst for purifying gasoline vehicle exhaust gas which improves the hydrocarbon purification rate in exhaust gas by adjusting.
본 발명에서 특징적으로 사용하는 세리아(CeO2)는 알카리 금속 산화물로 담지체 100 중량부에 대하여 15 중량부 담지하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 세리아는 촉매의 저온활성을 향상시키기 위해 사용하며, 세리아의 함량이 15 중량부일때 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 주성분인 탄화수소를 가장 효율적으로 정화할 수 있다.Ceria (CeO 2 ), which is characteristically used in the present invention, is preferably supported by 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of an alkali metal oxide. The ceria is used to improve the low temperature activity of the catalyst, and when the ceria content is 15 parts by weight, the hydrocarbon, which is the main component of the exhaust gas of a gasoline vehicle, can be most efficiently purified.
또한, 본 발명의 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 사용하는 귀금속 촉매활성물질로는 팔라듐, 플라티늄, 및 로듐 중에서 선택되는 1종 또는 2 종 이상의 혼합물을 사용할 수 있다.In addition, as the noble metal catalytically active material used in the catalyst for purification of gasoline automobile exhaust gas of the present invention, one or a mixture of two or more selected from palladium, platinum, and rhodium can be used.
그리고, 본 발명의 가솔린 자동차 배기가스 정화용 촉매에 사용하는 희토류산화물로는 La2O3, CeO2, Nd2O3, Gd2O3및 PrO 중에서 선택되는 것을 사용할 수 있다.As the rare earth oxide used in the catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of a gasoline automobile of the present invention, one selected from La 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , Nd 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3, and PrO can be used.
이하, 본 발명을 다음의 실시예에 의거하여 더욱 상세히 설명하겠는바, 본 발명이 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
실시예 1Example 1
팔라듐 용액을 지지체인 활성알루미나(γ-Al2O3)에 함침시킨 후, 지지체를 습식밀링하여 슬러리를 제조하고, 이때 희토류산화물로 La2O3와, 알칼리금속 산화물로 세리아(CeO2)를 첨가하였다. 이후, 상기 슬러리를 세라믹 담체에 코팅하고 130 ℃의 온도에서 건조후 500 ℃에서 소결하여 세리아의 담지량이 전체 담지체 100 중량부에 대하여 15 중량부이고, Pd의 담지량은 담지체 1 L당 10 g/L인 팔라듐 촉매를 제조하였다. 이렇게 제조된 팔라듐 촉매의 열화(aged)된 상태에서 라이트-오프 테스트(Light-off Test)를 실시하였고 그 결과는 도 1에서 -●-로 나타내었다. 라이트-오프 테스트에 있어서, 상기 촉매의 탄화수소가 50% 정화되는 온도(LOT50)을 측정하였으며, LOT50은 361 ℃이었다.The palladium solution was impregnated into activated alumina (γ-Al 2 O 3 ) as a support, followed by wet milling the support to prepare a slurry. At this time, La 2 O 3 as a rare earth oxide and ceria (CeO 2 ) as an alkali metal oxide were prepared. Added. Thereafter, the slurry was coated on a ceramic carrier, dried at a temperature of 130 ° C., and sintered at 500 ° C., so that the amount of ceria supported was 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total carrier, and the amount of Pd was 10 g per liter of the carrier. A palladium catalyst of / L was prepared. The light-off test was performed in the degraded state of the palladium catalyst thus prepared, and the result is indicated by--in FIG. 1. In the light-off test, the temperature (LOT50) at which the hydrocarbon of the catalyst was 50% purified was measured, and the LOT50 was 361 ° C.
실시예 2Example 2
실시예 1과 같은 방법으로 촉매를 제조하되, 세리아는 첨가하지 않았으며, Pd의 담지량은 담지체 1 L당 10 g/L인 촉매를 제조하였다. 열화된 상태에서 촉매의 라이트-오프 테스트시, LOT50은 342 ℃이었으며 라이트-오프 테스트 결과는도 1에서 -◆-로 나타내었다.A catalyst was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but no ceria was added, and a catalyst having a supported amount of Pd of 10 g / L per 1 L of carrier was prepared. In the light-off test of the catalyst in the deteriorated state, LOT50 was 342 ° C. and the light-off test result is indicated by-◆-in FIG. 1.
비교예Comparative example
현재 가솔린엔진 자동차 배기가스정화용 촉매로 사용되고 있는 Pd 촉매를 사용하였으며, 이는 Pd의 담지량이 담지체 1L당 10g/L이고, 세리아의 담지량은 전체 담지체 100 중량%에 대하여 30 중량%인 것으로 열화된 상태에서 라이트-오프 테스시, LOT50은 383 ℃이었다. 그 결과는 도 1에서 -○-로 나타내었다.Pd catalyst, which is currently used as a catalyst for exhaust gas purification of gasoline engine cars, was used, and the amount of Pd supported was 10g / L per 1L of carrier and the amount of ceria was 30% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total carrier. At light off test, LOT50 was 383 ° C. The result is represented by-○-in FIG.
도 1에서 보면, 비교예에 비해 본 발명에 따른 귀금속이 담지된 실시예 1 및 2의 경우 탄화수소 정화율이 우수함을 알 수 있다.1, it can be seen that the hydrocarbon purification rate is excellent in Examples 1 and 2 in which the precious metal according to the present invention is supported as compared to the comparative example.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따르면 촉매를 구성하는 다공성 담지체에 탄화수소 정화율이 우수한 귀금속 촉매활성물질을 담지시키되, 촉매의 저온활성을 향상시키기 위해 알칼리 금속 산화물의 함량을 조절함으로써 저온활성이 우수하면서도 탄화수소 정화율이 매우 우수하여 가솔린 자동차의 배기가스 정화용 촉매로 사용할 수 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, the porous support constituting the catalyst is supported with a noble metal catalytically active material having excellent hydrocarbon purification rate, but the low temperature activity is improved by controlling the content of alkali metal oxide to improve the low temperature activity of the catalyst. It has excellent hydrocarbon purification rate and can be used as a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of gasoline cars.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5073532A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1991-12-17 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst for purifying exhaust gases from internal combustion engines and method of making the catalyst |
| US5179059A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1993-01-12 | Degussa Ag | Catalyst for purifying the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines and method for making the catalyst |
| KR20000068416A (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 2000-11-25 | 스티븐 아이. 밀러 | Catalyst composition and method for its manufacturing |
-
2001
- 2001-08-13 KR KR1020010048763A patent/KR20030014877A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5073532A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1991-12-17 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst for purifying exhaust gases from internal combustion engines and method of making the catalyst |
| US5179059A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1993-01-12 | Degussa Ag | Catalyst for purifying the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines and method for making the catalyst |
| KR20000068416A (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 2000-11-25 | 스티븐 아이. 밀러 | Catalyst composition and method for its manufacturing |
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