KR20030012924A - Transceiver for Millimeter Wave using Duplexer of Coupler Type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A transceiver for millimeter wave band using a coupler type duplexer is provided to form a full duplexer communication device by transmitting power signals with a left side coupler and a right side coupler. CONSTITUTION: A transmitting end and a receiving end are divided by an antenna(103) and a coupler type duplexer. The transmitting end is formed with a 90 degrees bend(104) for asymmetrical 3dB coupler and a modification portion which are installed at a right side of the antenna(103). The receiving end is formed with a 90 degrees bend(117) for asymmetrical 3dB coupler and a balance mixer portion which are arranged on a left side of the antenna(103). The coupler type duplexer is formed by arranging the 90 degrees bend(117) for asymmetrical 3dB coupler and a ceramic resonator(138) at the left side of the antenna(103) and the 90 degrees bend(104) for asymmetrical 3dB coupler and the ceramic resonator(138) at the right side. The duplexer is used for coupling and transmitting power signals by using a left side coupler and a right side coupler.

Description

Transmitter for Millimeter Wave using Duplexer of Coupler Type

Nonradiative Dielectric Waveguide (NRD Guide) is a waveguide for millimeter wave integrated circuit, which inserts dielectric strips into upper and lower conductive parallel conductor plates, and the conductor plate spacing is less than 1/2 wavelength of free space wavelength. Is doing.

Since the polarization parallel to the conductor plate is used as a feature of the above-described NRD guides, it becomes a blocking area in the portion where the dielectric is not loaded, and there is no radiation at all in the bent place and discontinuity.

In addition, since the NRD guide waveguide is low loss, it is suitable for waveguides for millimeter wave integrated circuits, and has an advantage of easier processing and easier circuit configuration than conventional waveguides.

1 shows a conventional "millimeter wave band transceiver using an NRD guide (application number: 10-2002-0033530)".

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional method of configuring a transceiver is divided into a receiver and a transmitter, with an antenna and a duplexer for transmission and reception, and the transmitter is composed of an antenna 3, an ASK modulator, and a duplexer for transmission and reception. The receiving end is composed of an antenna 3, a balance mixer and a duplexer for transmitting and receiving.

In this case, the conventional transceiver using the NRD guide uses a duplexer for transmission and reception in the process of transmitting and receiving a signal transmitted and received around the antenna 3, and the duplexer is a band for transmitting and receiving separation with the secondary circulator ferrite resonator 6. It consists of a pass filter (4, 5), one port of the duplexer is connected to the antenna, the other two ports are connected to the transmitter and the receiver, and the power input to the transmission port is the antenna, and the power from the antenna goes to the receiver only. do.

At the transmitting end, the modulator comprises an input port, a blocking port, and an output port at an angle of 120 degrees around the primary circulator ferrite resonator 7.

Therefore, in the conventional transceiver using the primary and secondary circulator ferrite resonator, the modulation loss generated in the circulator is high, the loss occurs when the oscillation output goes to the modulator, it is difficult to increase the output of the transmitter.

In addition, the magnet constituting the circulator is responsible for the rotation of the electromagnetic wave, when exposed to the external magnetic field in the place where the permanent magnet is placed, the magnetic force is changed, the resonant frequency of the circulator is changed to transfer characteristics (S21), The incident loss S11 and the isolator characteristic S12 deteriorate, thereby degrading the function as a modulator.

In addition, there is a problem that the permanent magnetic force is weakened by a long time use, or the magnetic force is changed in a situation such as high temperature does not have the characteristics of the basic circulator.

In addition, the circulator's ferrite disk (Ferrite Disk) is very small in diameter and thickness within a few mm and 1mm, especially because the thickness is thin, it requires super-precision processing, so the processing is not easy and the production cost is not cheap There is this.

In addition, since the angle between the three-way terminal of the circulator must be kept precisely 120 degrees, there is a problem that the productivity is reduced due to the difficulty in manufacturing.

The present invention is an apparatus and method for solving the above problems,

As shown in FIG. 2, the first embodiment, unlike the conventional duplexer for transmitting and receiving, has a 90 degree bend for an asymmetric 3dB directional coupler on the left side and an asymmetric 3dB directional coupler on the right side. A 90 degree bend is arranged to configure a coupler type duplexer so that power signals transmitted and received through the antenna are transmitted by the left and right couplers to configure a full duplexer to enable high sensitivity transmission and reception.

In addition, the second embodiment does not output the modulated signal by using the first primary reciprocator ferrite resonator 7 and the mode compressors 11, 12, and 13, and the symmetrical 3 dB coupler (Symmetrical Coupler). ) Is used to construct a coupler modulator capable of ultra-fast modulation.

This coupler is a 3dB coupler using a 90-degree bend to equally distribute the input power, and is configured to change phase by 90 degrees when combined.

Therefore, in the transmitter for the millimeter wave band using the NRD guide, the circulator and the mode compressor required for the circulator are not used for the coupler, so that the number of parts can be reduced, thereby eliminating the disadvantages of machining and manufacturing, and enabling high sensitivity transmission and reception. An object of the present invention is to manufacture a transceiver for a millimeter wave band using a coupler type duplexer.

1 is an overall perspective view of a conventional millimeter wave band transceiver for an NRD guide.

2 is a perspective view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer.

3 is a plan view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer.

4 is a plan view for explaining the operation principle of a coupler-type duplexer for transmitting and receiving signal power in the first embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a graph showing S21 and S32 of a coupler type duplexer for transmitting and receiving signal power according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a graph showing a transmission loss characteristic of signal power during transmission and reception at a use frequency of 60 GHz in the first embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler-type duplexer and an ultra-high speed coupler modulator.

8 is a plan view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer and an ultra-high speed coupler modulator.

9 is a perspective view of a beam reader diode mount used for terminating the transmitting end and the receiving end in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing S21 parameters according to ON / OFF output signals when a diode mount bias is applied or not applied to an end of a 90 degree bend of a modulator in the second embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a graph showing a transmission loss characteristic of signal power during transmission and reception at a use frequency of 60 GHz in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating a result of conversion loss according to an intermediate frequency IF at the time of reception.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

101, 201: upper conductor plate

102, 202: lower conductor plate

103, 203: antenna

104, 117, 204, 207: 90 degree bend, NRD guide curve

105, 118, 205, 208: NRD guideline

106: Ferrite resonator constructing circulator for NRD guide

107, 108, 109, 128, 131, 227, 231: mode sprayer

110: NRD guide straight line

111, 114, 120, 121, 210, 211, 216, 219, 220: Diode Mount with Schottky Barrier Diode

112, 115, 122, 125, 214, 215, 217, 223, 224: High Permittivity Sheet for Impedance Matching

113, 116, 123, 124, 212, 213, 221, 222: rear teflon behind the diode mount

119, 209: 90 degree bend NRD guide curve for LO signal transmission

126, 133, 225, 229: oscillator with gun diode

127, 132, 226, 230: Strip Resonator

129, 130, 228, 232: cylindrical ceramic resonators for frequency stabilization

134, 135, 233, 234: Terminator

136, 235: Schottky Barrier Diode

137, 236: metal thin film

138, 237: ceramic resonator for filter

In the transceiver for a millimeter wave band using the coupler-type duplexer of the present invention, the configuration method and apparatus are as follows.

2 is a perspective view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer as a first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer as a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 and 3, in constructing a transceiver using a coupler type duplexer, a 90 degree bend 117 for an asymmetrical 3 dB directional coupler on the left side of the antenna 103 and a ceramic resonator for filter 138 are shown. On the right side, asymmetrical 3dB directional coupler 90 degree bend 104 and filter ceramic resonator 138 is arranged to configure the duplexer so that the power signal transmitted and received through the antenna 103 is transmitted by the left and right couplers Configure a full duplexer for high sensitivity transmission and reception.

The ASK modulation part of the transmitting end comprises an input port, a blocking port, and an output port with a 120 ° angle of modulation around the ferrite resonator 106 of the circulator, and the input port includes the oscillation element 126, the strip resonator 127, and the mode. The compressor 128, the NRD guide line, and the mode compressor 109 are configured in this order, and the blocking port is a mode compressor 107, a front Teflon NRD guide line 110, and a short so as to enable ultra-fast broadband ASK phase modulation. The key barrier diode mount 111, the high dielectric constant sheet 112, and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 113 are configured in this order, and the output port includes a mode sprayer 108 and an NRD guide line 105 in this order. Lose.

The balance mixer section of the receiving end constitutes a balance mixer section as a directional coupler in which the bend section and the NRD guide line section are coupled at an optimum coupling interval, and the bend section comprises a 90 degree bend 119 which is an NRD guide curve line. Local oscillation element 133 for transmitting the local oscillation wave is individually mounted in front of the NRD guide curve line 119, the rear end Schottky barrier diode 136 between the rear Teflon NRD guide line 123 The diode mount 121 is mounted, and a high dielectric constant sheet 122 for impedance matching is inserted into both surfaces.

In addition, the NRD guide straight line part is equipped with a diode mount 120, which is equipped with a Schottky barrier diode 136, between the NRD guide straight line 118 and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 124, and unique for impedance matching on both sides. Electrification sheet 125 is configured in the form inserted in order.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a plan view for explaining the operation principle of the coupler-type duplexer for transmitting and receiving signal power.

As shown in FIG. 4, the NRD guide 90 degree bends 117 and 207 for the 3 dB coupler are disposed at a constant interval D2 around the antennas 103 and 203, and at a constant interval D2 on the right side. NRD guide 90 degree bends 104 and 204 for the 3 dB coupler are arranged.

As shown in FIG. 4, port ① is an incidence port for transmitting a carrier wave, which is a signal power modulated by a transmitter, and port ② is an output port for radiating a transmission power signal through an antenna. It is an input port for receiving signal power to be received from outside. At this time, incoming power is transmitted to the receiving end of the transceiver through port ③.

As shown in FIG. 4, the carrier wave for transmission is transmitted along the NRD guide straight lines 105 and 205 and the 90 degree bends 104 and 204 through port ① and then bent 90 degrees with the antennas 103 and 203. The signal power of 1/2 is radiated out through the output port # 2 while being coupled 3dB at the optimum coupling interval D1 of (104, 204). At this time, the remaining half of the signal power is absorbed by the diode mounts 114 and 216 equipped with the schottky diodes 136 and 235, and the diode mounts 136 and 235 are used as a measuring device for detecting power. do.

In addition, the external reception power is transmitted along the antennas 103 and 203, which are ports ②, and then coupled to the antennas 103 and 203 by 3 dB at the maximum adjacent point D2 of the 90 degree bends 117 and 207. 1/2 signal power is transmitted along the 90 degree bend (117, 207) and is transmitted to port ③, which is the input port of the receiver, through the NRD guide straight line. At this time, the remaining 1/2 signal power is absorbed by the terminals 134 and 234 attached to the end of the antenna.

5 is a graph showing S21 and S32 of a coupler type duplexer for transmitting and receiving signal power.

As shown in FIG. 5, the insertion loss (S21) of the transmission power radiated to the outside through the antennas 103 and 203 in the use frequency 60 GHz band was good about -3 dB, and ③ times for the transmission power. It can be seen that the isolation characteristics at the port show excellent characteristics of about -30dB from 59GHz band to 60.2GHz.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the coupler-type duplexer has good isolation between the signal power of the transmitting end and the signal power of the receiving end with respect to the antennas 103 and 203 in the 60 GHz band.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a graph showing the transmission loss characteristics of the signal power at the time of transmission and reception for the use frequency 60GHz.

As shown in FIG. 6, the separation band is about 1 GHz at 20dB during transmission and reception, and the insertion loss in the passband during transmission and reception shows a low loss characteristic of about 1dB or less, and the blocking and skirt characteristics are excellent. Able to know.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer and an ultra-high speed coupler modulator.

In a second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 8 is a plan view of a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler-type duplexer and an ultra-high speed coupler modulator.

7 and 8, in constructing a transceiver using a coupler-type duplexer and an ultra-fast coupler modulator, a 90-degree bend for an asymmetrical 3 dB directional coupler and a ceramic resonator for a filter (237) centered on an antenna ), And on the right side, asymmetrical 3dB directional coupler 90 degree bend and filter ceramic resonator 237 are arranged to configure the duplexer so that the power signal transmitted and received through the antenna is transmitted by the left and right couplers to transmit and receive high sensitivity Configure a full duplexer to enable this.

This refers to the concept of the duplexer used in the second embodiment of the present invention referred to the duplexer concept used in the first embodiment.

In addition, the modulator of the transmitting end is arranged with two NRD guide curve lines 90 degrees bend (204, 206) with an optimum coupling interval, the input port is the oscillation element 229, strip resonator 230, the mode sprayer ( 231 and a cylindrical ceramic resonator 232 for frequency stabilization in order, and a diode mount 211 equipped with a schottky barrier diode 235 is positioned at the end to enable absorption and reflection of the coupled signal power. The high-k dielectric sheet 215 for impedance matching is inserted into both surfaces with the diode mount 211 interposed therebetween, and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 213 is sequentially formed at the end thereof.

In particular, the concept of an ultra-high speed modulator using a 3dB coupler with a 90 degree bend used in a modulation part of a transmitter is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 0358980, and this technique is applied to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, the NRD guide line 205 and the filter ceramic resonator 237 at the opposite 90 degree bend 204 become a path of modulated signal power, and a Schottky barrier diode for absorption and reflection of the coupled signal power. A diode mount 210 mounted with 235 is positioned at the end of the NRD guide linear line 205, and a high dielectric constant sheet 214 for impedance matching is inserted at both sides with the diode mount 210 interposed therebetween. At the ends, the rear Teflon NRD guide line 212 is configured in this order.

The balance mixer section of the receiving end constitutes a mixer section as a directional coupler in which the NRD guide straight line 208 and the bend section 209 are coupled at an optimum coupling interval, and the bend section is a 90 degree bend, which is an NRD guide curved line. And a local oscillation element 225 for transmitting the local oscillation wave, individually mounted at the front of the 90 degree bend 209, and at the rear end of the Schottky between the rear Teflon NRD guide lines 222. The diode mount 220 mounted with the barrier diode 235 is mounted, and a high dielectric constant sheet 224 for impedance matching is inserted into both surfaces.

In addition, a diode mount 219 equipped with a Schottky barrier diode 235 is mounted between the NRD guide straight line 208 and the rear Teflon NRD guide line 221, and a high dielectric constant sheet 223 for impedance matching on both sides thereof is mounted. Are organized in the order in which they are inserted.

In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, Fig. 9 shows beam reader diode mounts 111, 120, 121, 210, which are used for terminating a transmitter and a receiver in a millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler duplexer. 211, 216, 219, and 220 are perspective views.

As shown in Fig. 9, the diode mounts 111, 120, 121, 210, 211, 216, 219 and 220 have a structure in which the Schottky barrier diodes 136 and 235 have a dielectric constant of 2.56. The metal thin film (137, 236) It is arranged at intervals.

In this case, when forward bias is applied to the diode mounts 114, 210, 211, and 216, an incident radio wave signal is absorbed, and when a reverse bias is applied, the radio wave signal reflects the incident radio wave signal. In the embodiments and the second embodiment, the diode mounts 114 and 216 used as the power monitoring detector can measure the absorption and reflection power of the signal power generated when the 90 degree bend is coupled. It is supposed to be.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 10 shows the S21 parameter according to the ON / OFF output signal when the diode mounts 210 and 211 are biased and non-applied at the ends of the 90 degree bends 204 and 206 of the modulator. Is a graph.

As shown in FIG. 10, the insertion loss S21 of the output signal flowing through the output ports 204 and 205 is about -4 dB in the 60.7 GHz band when the bias is applied, that is, when the output is ON. In addition, it can be seen from the graph that when the bias is not applied, that is, when the output signal is OFF, about -33 dB occurs in the 60.7 GHz band.

Accordingly, it can be seen that the modulation characteristics of the modulator using the symmetrical 3dB coupler are good because the signal contrast of the ON / OFF output when the bias is applied or not is large in the 60 GHz band, which is the frequency used by the transmitter.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 11 is a graph showing the transmission loss characteristics of signal power during transmission and reception at a frequency of 60 GHz.

As shown in FIG. 11, the separation band is about 1 GHz at 20 dB during transmission and reception, and the insertion loss in the pass band during transmission and reception shows a low loss characteristic of about 1 dB or less, and shows excellent cutoff and skirt characteristics. Able to know.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 shows the result of the conversion loss (Conversion Loss) according to the intermediate frequency (IF) at the time of reception.

As shown in FIG. 12, a conversion loss of 10 dB or less from about 1 GHz to about 1.5 GHz was obtained when the intermediate frequency band was received.

As in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the ultra-high coupler modulator used in the coupler-type duplexer and the modulator of the millimeter wave band transceiver replaces the circulator used in the millimeter wave band transceiver using the conventional NRD guide. can do.

In other words, the duplexer using the 90 degree bend for the 3dB coupler can isolate the signal power at the time of transmission and the signal power at the reception, and solve the difficulty of using difficult parts such as ferrite when using the circulator by using the 3dB coupler. Can be.

In addition, the mode compressor and ferrite resonator required for the circulator are not used for the coupler, which can reduce the number of parts during the manufacture of the transceiver. This change can be implemented more stably than a duplexer or modulator using a conventional circulator.

In addition, although the operating frequency was implemented at 60 GH, integrated circuits in the existing microwave and millimeter wave bands are easy to configure, and a single terminal can be used to transmit and receive. duplexer) communication.

Claims (3)

In the transceiver for the millimeter wave band using the NRD guide, Divide the antenna (103, 203) and the coupler-type duplexer into a transmitter and a receiver; The transmitting end is composed of a 90 degree bend (104, 204) for the right asymmetric 3 dB directional coupler of the coupler type duplexer and a modulator around the antennas (103, 203); A receiver for a millimeter wave band using a coupler-type duplexer, characterized in that the receiver consists of a 90-degree bend (117, 207) for the left asymmetric 3dB directional coupler of the coupler-type duplexer and a balance mixer. The method of claim 1, The coupler-type duplexer is arranged with an asymmetrical 3 dB directional coupler 90 degree bend (117, 207) and a filter ceramic resonator (138, 237) on the left side of the antenna (103, 203); On the right side are placed a 90 degree bends 104 and 204 for the asymmetrical 3 dB directional coupler and ceramic resonators 138 and 237 for the filter; A millimeter wave band transceiver using a coupler type duplexer, characterized in that the duplexer is configured to couple and transmit the signal power transmitted and received through the antennas (103, 203) by the left and right couplers. The method of claim 1, The modulator couples the modulator by adjusting the coupling interval between the two 90 degree bends 204 and 205 which are the NRD guide curved lines and the 90 degree bend 206 which is the NRD guide curved line opposite the NRD. Transceiver for millimeter wave band using duplexer.