KR200298553Y1 - A cohering apparatus for clean water treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims to provide a water treatment flocculator capable of controlling the stirrer at a desired speed by accurately obtaining the strength (velocity gradient value) of the current stirring speed in the flocculation tank, and is installed above and below the flocculation tank as a means for calculating an accurate viscosity coefficient. A temperature sensor and a particle counter for measuring the number of flocculated flocs are used, and a water level measuring element is used through a wave pipe to calculate an accurate fluid volume in the flocculation tank.

Description

A cohering apparatus for clean water treatment

The present invention relates to a flocculator for water treatment, to provide an agglomerator for controlling agitation strength according to a change in water level and concentration to prevent an increase in cohesive efficiency and unnecessary energy.

Due to the development of industry and the increase of population, the demand for purified water production is increasing rapidly. Compared with the past, the quality of raw water is also increasing the proportion of organic pollutants in simple inorganic pollutants (turbidity-inducing substances).

Therefore, it is a situation that requires a more detailed review and improvement of the water treatment process of each part away from the conventional water treatment process.

Looking at this water treatment process in more detail, the chemical input and rapid mixing process that takes raw water from the river or lake (dam) and mixes the coagulant (aluminum salt, iron salt) with pollutants contained in the raw water, and the rapid mixing process A flocculation step of densely enlarging the fine flocks produced in the process, a precipitation step of precipitating the densified and enormous flocks, a filtration step of filtering out fine particles that have not been precipitated through the precipitation step, and then a disinfection to remove pathogenic microorganisms. It consists of processes.

For better water treatment, as described above, it is necessary to aggregate the impurities more efficiently in the coagulation step so that the aggregated precipitate can be easily removed to obtain high quality purified water.

Therefore, in the past, the speed indicator, the stirring controller, the concentration sensor, the motor driving device, etc. are configured in the flocculation tank to detect the concentration of chemicals flowing into the flocculation tank to control the stirring control device to increase the coagulation efficiency. For the control, a coagulation tank system adopting a feedback-controlled method by comparing the stirring control output and the detected concentration output was widely used.

However, even in the case of the system for feedback control and concentration detection, if the speed gradient value (the strength of the stirring speed) in the current coagulation tank cannot be accurately obtained, the desired coagulation efficiency cannot be obtained because it cannot be controlled at the exact stirring speed. .

In order to solve such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide an aggregator for water treatment that can accurately control the stirrer at a desired speed by accurately obtaining the strength (speed gradient value) of the current agitation speed in the coagulation tank.

Another object is to provide a flocculator for water treatment that can accurately measure the temperature of the fluid, which is an important factor for measuring the stirring speed in the flocculation tank, and the quantity of the fluid.

This purpose is achieved by means of a temperature detection sensor installed above and below the flocculation tank as a means for calculating the accurate viscosity coefficient, and a particle counter for measuring the number of flocculated flocs, and for the purpose of calculating the accurate fluid volume in the flocculation tank. It can be achieved by mounting the level measurement element.

1 is a plan view of a coagulation tank used in a water treatment process,

2 is a partial cutaway cross-sectional view showing the coagulation tank of FIG.

3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the coagulation tank which is an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a circuit configuration diagram arranged in the coagulation tank of FIG.

Description of the main parts of the drawing

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coagulation tank 2 Raw water inflow distribution tank 3: Settling basin

5 agitator 6 paddle center axis 7 paddle

8 Bracket fixing plate 9 Paddle support bracket

11: first coagulation tank 12: second coagulation tank

13: 3rd coagulation tank 15: upper temperature sensor

16: lower temperature sensor 18: particle counter

20: motor 21: breaker 22: hole

23 pipe 24 water level measuring element 30 control panel

31 control unit 33 memory 34 calculator

35 display unit 36 signal selection unit 37 speed control unit

R1, R2, R3: relay S1, S2: switch 42: output

Features of the present invention for achieving the above object, the control panel is configured at the top, the temperature sensor and the chemical concentration sensor in the coagulation tank having a stirrer inside to calculate the viscosity coefficient in the coagulation tank to increase the coagulation rate of the stirrer In the flocculator for water treatment to control,

In order to calculate the correct viscosity coefficient, the upper and lower temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the upper and lower parts in the flocculation tank and the floc number particle count detecting the value of the intermediate position of the stirrer are fixed through the concrete structure, and the correct water level in the flocculation tank is fixed. In order to detect the water level measuring element mounted inside the breaker tube through the concrete structure is configured to control the aggregation speed of the stirrer in accordance with the speed gradient value calculated according to the viscosity coefficient and the water level value.

The water level measuring device is mounted in a wave pipe having a plurality of holes formed therein, and the water level measuring device is inserted into and fixed in the pipe after the pipe is fixed in the wave pipe. And multi-stage coagulation tanks, each of which is equipped with a top and bottom temperature sensor, a particle counter for calculating the number of flocks, and a water level measuring element for measuring the quantity of fluid in the coagulation tank formed in the multi-stage flotation tank. It is characterized by.

Hereinafter, described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a plan view of a coagulation tank used in a water treatment process. As described above, the water treatment process consists of chemical injection and rapid mixing process, agglomeration process, precipitation process, filtration process and disinfection process.

1 shows the coagulation tank 1 used in the coagulation step.

In the flocculation tank 1, raw water inflow distribution tanks 2 are formed at the front end, and the distributed raw water is the first agglomeration tank 11, the second agglomeration tank 12, and the third which are configured in right and left homogeneous form. It is comprised so that it may flow to the sedimentation basin 3 through the coagulation tank 13.

FIG. 2 is a partial cutaway cross-sectional view illustrating the coagulation tank of FIG. 1. FIG.

As shown, the coagulation tank 1 is configured to flow to the settling basin 3 through the first coagulation tank 11, the second coagulation tank 12, and the third coagulation tank 13 in sequence. The control panel 30 is provided at the upper end of the coagulation tank. As described later, electric and electronic circuits are built into the control panel to control the operation of the stirrer 7 according to the state of the fluid in the flocculation tank (floc particle coefficient, temperature, viscosity, etc.).

In each agglomeration tank, a plurality of agitators 5 are supported on the shaft 6 in the vertical direction in which the raw water flows to agglomerate the incoming raw water.

For example, in the case of the first coagulation tank 11, a plurality of stirrers 5 (shown as three in the drawing in the case of the right first coagulation tank) are fixed to the shaft 6 Rotate in the same direction.

And the stirrers respectively apply the rotational force in the counterclockwise direction in the case of the first and third flocculation tanks 11 and 13, and the rotational force in the clockwise direction in the second flocculation tank 12 to make the flocculation more efficient. Has a structure.

In this way, the raw water supplied into the coagulation tank 1 performs the chemical injection and rapid mixing process as described above before entering the raw water inflow distribution tank 2 as described above.

This is a process to remove the floating contaminants contained in the raw water, the floating contaminants are called colloidal particles. These colloidal particles are electrically negatively charged on the surface, so the bonding strength between the particles is very weak.

Therefore, in the chemical mixing process, a flocculant of a cation is injected and mixed to form an electrically unstable state of surface charges of the colloidal particles, thereby artificially increasing the size of the particles by mutually collision-coupling the particles. .

Factors affecting the coagulation process include alkalinity, hydrogen ion concentration (pH), water temperature, hydrodynamic factors, and geometrical factors.

In the end, the raw water that has undergone the chemical input and rapid mixing process flows into the raw water inflow distribution tank (2), and is sequentially introduced into the first, second and third condensing tanks in three stages. Then, the coagulation efficiency is increased by the rotation of the stirrer in each coagulation tank, and the coagulation efficiency is rotated in each coagulation tank according to the optimum stirring strength (20 to 75 sec ⁻¹ ).

In this way, it is used as a mechanical stirring device to mutually combine the microflocs generated in the chemical mixing process. By rotating the paddle of the agitator described above, the mechanical energy of the paddle is converted into the fluid stirring energy (expressed as the velocity gradient value "G"). By converting, the fluid flow in the coagulation tank is made turbulent to induce mutual collision between individual floc particles in the raw water, thereby increasing the size of the flocs to the size that can be settled.

The velocity gradient value of water is a very important factor in the unit volume (V), the fluid energy size (P) and the viscosity (μ) of the water in the unit volume as shown in the following formula.

Formula for calculating the speed gradient (stirring strength).

Formula (1) ------ G = "Camp and Stein G Value Calculations"

Where P: power consumption (W = N.m / sec)

μ: viscosity coefficient (centipoise × 10 ⁻³ N.sec / m 2); 5 ℃ = 1.519 × 10 ^-3

V: volume of flocculation tank fluid

(Table 1) Density and viscosity by water temperature

Temperature Density (Kg m ^-3 ) Kinematic Viscosity Coefficient (Nsm ^-2 x 10 ³ ) 0 999.87 1.787 5 999.99 1.519 10 999.73 1.307 15 999.13 1.139 20 998.23 1.002 25 997.07 0.890 30 995.68 0.798 35 994.06 0.719 40 992.25 0.653

Formula (2) -------

Where C _D : drag coefficient (depending on paddle shape)

ρ: specific gravity of water (1,000㎏ / ㎥)

A: flocculator paddle installation area

Vp: Paddle relative speed (peripheral speed υ × 0.75)

P: Required Power (W)

Equation (3) ------ Revolutions:

As described above, a chemical concentration sensor, a flow meter, a stirring control device, a calculator, and the like are formed in a coagulation tank for controlling and deriving influence factors from the G value calculation formula of Equation (1). The calculation method has also been used in conventional water treatment flocculators.

That is, in the case of the conventional water treatment flocculator, since the viscosity of the water varies according to the change in the water temperature, the water temperature is measured using a temperature sensor, and then converted into a viscosity coefficient as shown in Table (1) in the calculator. To control the drive unit (reduction gear motor) with the signal calculated by calculating the speed inclination value (G), which is input to the calculator and converted into the fluid volume of the coagulation tank with the flow rate signal measured by the flow meter at the front of the water purification plant. I was using

And the control of this drive unit uses feed-back control technology widely used in general industrial field (operator output signal) and calculates the number of rotations by using the drive rotation speed measurement means (encoder, gear method, etc.) repeatedly. It has been controlled by input into the calculator.

However, in the prior art as described above, the influence factor is used to calculate and control the viscosity change rate according to the temperature of the water starting from the assumption that the raw water passing through the coagulation tank is pure water.

However, raw water in a water purification plant or water treatment plant is not pure water, and microfluids are generated by injecting a flocculant (aluminum salt, iron salt) in a chemical rapid mixing process before various contaminants and flocculation processes, and the fine floc mixture liquid is used as a chemical used in shear Salt, iron salt) Since the number of aggregated particles (fine flocks) varies according to the injection rate and the mixing efficiency, the number of collisions between individual particles varies according to the number of fine flocks per unit volume and the viscosity coefficient of water.

As a result, the calculation of "G" value by viscous conversion according to the change of simple water temperature without considering the number of aggregated particles cannot achieve more effective aggregation efficiency.

In addition, in the prior art, the calculation of the volume in the flowmeter is theoretically useful for the water treatment plant of the inlet and the coagulation tank consisting of a single channel or the coagulation tank consisting of one stage. Therefore, there is a problem in the application because the number of condensation channel is composed of at least 10 channels in at least 2 channels.

That is, in order to apply the conventional publicly known technology to the actual treatment plant, a theoretically continuous single channel system should be constructed, but in this case, the civil structure of the process and the civil structure of the agglomeration channel and the coagulation agitation facility have to be designed and applied enormously.

In addition, in order to calculate the fluid volume of the coagulation tank by the inflow flow rate, the flowmeter must be installed in a single unit on the raw water inflow line of the water treatment system. Therefore, a faulty signal occurs because the raw water inflow flowmeter fails or an abnormal signal is generated. If input to the value calculator, there is a problem that can act as a fatal cause for the normal operation of the cohesion function of the whole water purification plant.

In addition, when there are many agglomerators to be controlled, if a plurality of signals are distributed and input from one flow signal source for controlling the "G" value, there is a concern that the level of the overall signal may be incorrect. Therefore, in reality, it was difficult to apply to a water treatment process having a plurality of flocculation channels or constituting three stages of independent flocculation tanks per single channel.

The present invention is designed to solve the conventional water temperature measurement, the control of the water purification plant "G" value input and control more accurately and efficiently, and will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the figure (1), the water purification plant coagulation tank is a civil structure, and the basic volume of a single coagulation tank does not change. In calculating the fluid volume of the flocculation tank according to the "G" value calculation formula of Equation (1), the exact fluid volume of the flocculation tank is calculated by measuring the water level of the individual flocculation tank without using the conventionally known inflow flow. .

3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the coagulation tank which is an embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, the coagulation tank 1 is provided in multiple stages as the first coagulation tank 11, the second coagulation tank 12, and the third coagulation tank 13. Here, the first coagulation tank 11 is used for convenience. Although described as a reference, the second condensing tank 12 and the third condensing tank 13 have the same configuration, and individual driving is a principle.

The first agglomeration tank 11 is a concrete structure capable of storing a fluid and has a generally rectangular shape. In the central position of the structure, a stirrer 5 rotated by the motor 20 is fixed to the left and right auxiliary structures via the paddle drive shaft 6.

The stirrer (5) has a plurality of bracket fixing plates (8) fixed to the paddle center shaft (6), and a plurality of paddle supporting brackets (9) fixedly connected to the bracket fixing plate (8). And a plurality of paddles 7 fixed to the paddle support bracket 9 at regular intervals.

In addition, the upper temperature sensor 15 and the lower temperature sensor 16 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the coagulation tank through a concrete auxiliary body on the upper and lower sides of the first agglomeration tank 11, and the value of the number of particles at the intermediate position of the stirrer 5 is set. The particle counter 18, which detects this, is also fixed through the concrete support.

In addition, the water level measuring means for measuring the water level is configured to reduce the measurement error caused by the wave of water, and after forming the breaker tube 21 on the outside, a plurality of holes 22 are formed in the breaker tube, and the inside The pipe 23 is being fixed to it.

In the pipe 23, a water level measuring element 24 having a buoy function is inserted to measure the flow rate of the fluid.

The control panel 30 in which various control circuits are built is fixed to the upper part of the coagulation tank comprised in this way.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a circuit configuration diagram arranged in the coagulation tank of FIG. 3.

The control unit 31 is a circuit embedded in the control panel 30 described above.

The control part 31 has an input part 32 and an output part 42, and the operation part 34 connected with the memory 33 is connected between the input part and the output part, after receiving the data of the input part 32 and performing a calculation. It has a structure which controls stirring speed etc. through the output part 42. Of course, the operator 34 connected to the memory 33 calculates the data shown in Equations (1), (2), (3) and Table 1 above.

The input unit 32 in the control unit 31 is connected to the feedback signal supply unit 25, the upper temperature sensor 15, the lower temperature sensor 16, the particle counter 18, the water level measuring element 24 (Fig. 2). The measured data values are applied via the input unit 32.

In addition, the signal selector 36 is connected to the input unit 32, and is connected through each of the select switches and the relays R1 to R3.

The output section 42 in the control section 31 is connected to the display section 35 on one side and to the speed control section 37 on the other side via the automatic / manual selection switch S2.

The speed control section 37 is configured by supplying the power applied through the power switch S1 to the motor 20, and the reference numeral relay switch SR2 is configured as a fault point relay R2 of the signal selection section 36. ) Is a switch connected to cut off the driving of the speed control unit 37 in the case of operation.

In the present invention configured as described above, the agglomeration process first increases the number of collisions between individual floc particles and grows to the size that natural gravity sedimentation is possible in the precipitation process, which is the subsequent stage, and the number of individual flocs per unit volume of the floc particles. It is necessary to adjust the stirring strength according to).

That is, when the number of floc particles per unit volume of flocculation tank is large, the flocculation efficiency (coupling due to mutual collision of individual particles) may be increased even at low stirring strength (low rpm). Application of the stirring paddle rotational speed of the agglomerator according to the agitation strength in terms of the coefficient may be different from the effective agglomeration result.

Therefore, in order to effectively solve this problem, the present invention measures the number of floc particles by installing a particle number measuring means (particle counter 18) capable of measuring the number of flocks. The agitation output is controlled by calculating the viscosity coefficient of the water and the number of particles in the calculator 34 of the "

In addition, the water temperature difference in the coagulation tank is different in the season, such as summer or winter season, and even in the same season is about 5 ~ 6 ℃ difference between the surface water temperature and the bottom temperature of the coagulation tank. Therefore, in order to convert the viscosity coefficient of the flocculation tank according to the more accurate water temperature measurement, the top of the flocculation tank is equipped with an upper temperature sensor 15, and the bottom is equipped with a lower temperature sensor 16.

In order to accurately calculate the fluid volume of the flocculation tank, the water level measurement means installed in the flocculation tank has a water level measuring element in the breaker tube 21 in which a plurality of holes 22 are perforated in order to eliminate the error of the measurement value due to the wave of water. (24) inputs the measured water level signal to the calculator (34) and calculates the dimensions and volumes of the coagulation tank civil structure previously inputted into the memory 33 (coagulation fluid volume = coagulation tank horizontal dimension x vertical dimension x Water level), it is possible to accurately measure the fluid volume of the flocculation tank.

As described above, the value of the viscosity coefficient (μ) which acts as a major factor when measuring the speed gradient value (strength of the stirring speed) is determined by the exact temperature value calculated by the upper and lower temperature sensors 15 and 16. , The value of the number of flocs in the fluid

The volume (V) of the fluid in the flocculation tank can be calculated accurately by the water level measuring element 24 measured through the waveguide, so that it is easier to measure more precisely than the existing velocity gradient value, so that the accurate stirring speed for the flocculation of the fluid is achieved. Can be provided.

As described above, the present invention can provide a water treatment flocculator capable of controlling the stirrer at a desired speed by accurately calculating the strength (velocity gradient value) of the current stirring speed in the flocculation tank. A temperature detection sensor is mounted on the upper and lower sides, and it is calculated by using the value of the temperature sensor and the number of floc particles in the particle count counter. It detects the quantity by mounting and calculating.

Therefore, the rotational speed of the agitator can be precisely controlled according to the level of water in the flocculation tank and the number of floc particles, thereby maximizing the efficiency of flocculation and preventing the loss of unnecessary energy for driving the agitator.

Claims (3)

In the agglomeration machine for water treatment in which a control panel is configured at an upper portion, a temperature sensor and a concentration sensor are configured in an agglomeration tank having an agitator therein to calculate the viscosity coefficient in the agglomeration tank to control the agglomeration speed of the agitator. In order to accurately calculate the viscosity coefficient, the upper and lower temperature temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the upper and lower parts in the flocculation tank, and the flux number particle counter for detecting the value of the intermediate position of the stirrer is fixed through the concrete structure, In order to detect the correct water level in the coagulation tank, the water level measuring device mounted inside the breaker tube is fixed through the concrete structure, and the coagulation speed of the stirrer is controlled according to the speed gradient value calculated according to the viscosity coefficient and the water level value. Agglomerator for water treatment. The method of claim 1, The water level measuring device is mounted in a wave tube formed with a plurality of holes on the outside, An agglomerator for water treatment, characterized in that the water level measuring element is inserted into and fixed in the pipe after fixing the pipe in the breaker tube. The method of claim 1, The agglomeration tank is formed in multiple stages of a plurality of first agglomeration tanks, a second agglomeration tank, etc., in each of the agglomeration tanks formed in each of the upper and lower temperature sensors, a particle counter for calculating the number of flocks, and a water level measuring device for measuring the quantity of fluid Agglomerator for water treatment, characterized in that driven separately for each stage of agglomeration tank.