KR20020088903A - A structure of thrust washer for planetaries of auto transmission - Google Patents

A structure of thrust washer for planetaries of auto transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20020088903A
KR20020088903A KR1020010027974A KR20010027974A KR20020088903A KR 20020088903 A KR20020088903 A KR 20020088903A KR 1020010027974 A KR1020010027974 A KR 1020010027974A KR 20010027974 A KR20010027974 A KR 20010027974A KR 20020088903 A KR20020088903 A KR 20020088903A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
thrust washer
thrust
lubrication
planetary gear
automatic transmission
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KR1020010027974A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
엄준혁
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020010027974A priority Critical patent/KR20020088903A/en
Publication of KR20020088903A publication Critical patent/KR20020088903A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H2057/085—Bearings for orbital gears

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: Structure of a thrust washer of a planetary gear of an automatic transmission is provided to maximize the durability of a planetary gear of an automatic transmission by stably securing the lubrication performance of multiple thrust washers. CONSTITUTION: Many lubrication holes(3) are radially formed in a thrust washer(1) at a specific interval. Through the lubrication holes, the lubricating oil is supplied by a lubrication system. The lubricating oil filled in the lubrication holes reduces the friction at the contacting section of multiple thrust washers and of a pinion and a carrier. If the thrust washers rotate at a high speed, pressure is generated in the holes filled with the lubricating oil. Thus, the oil films of the thrust washers are protected, while the thrust reaction is improved. Therefore, a remarkable friction-reducing effect is obtained.

Description

자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조{A STRUCTURE OF THRUST WASHER FOR PLANETARIES OF AUTO TRANSMISSION}Thrust washer structure of automatic transmission planetary gear unit {A STRUCTURE OF THRUST WASHER FOR PLANETARIES OF AUTO TRANSMISSION}

본 발명은 자동변속기의 유성기어장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 캐리어에 설치된 피니언과 캐리어와의 마모를 저감시키도록 하는 스러스트와셔의 구조에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a planetary gear device of an automatic transmission, and more particularly, to a structure of a thrust washer that reduces wear of a pinion installed on a carrier and a carrier.

일반적으로 자동차의 자동 변속기는 토크 컨버터와, 상기 토크 컨버터에 연결된 변속기어 메커니즘과, 차량의 운행 상태에 따라 상기 변속기어 메커니즘의 기어를 선택적으로 작동시키는 유압 제어 회로로 구성되어 있다.In general, an automatic transmission of a vehicle is composed of a torque converter, a transmission gear mechanism connected to the torque converter, and a hydraulic control circuit for selectively operating a gear of the transmission gear mechanism in accordance with the driving state of the vehicle.

상기 토크 컨버터는 엔진의 크랭크샤프트에 직결되어 회전되는 임펠러와, 자동 변속기의 입력축에 직결되고 상기 임펠러와 대향되도록 설치된 터어빈과, 일정한 작동 범위 내에서 상기 임펠러를 출발하여 터어빈에 운동 에너지를 전달하고 회수되는 오일의 방향을 전환하여 다시 임펠러의 회전력을 증대하도록 하는 스테이터로 구성되어 있다.The torque converter includes an impeller that is directly connected to the crankshaft of the engine and rotates, a turbine that is directly connected to the input shaft of the automatic transmission and disposed to face the impeller, and starts the impeller to transmit and recover kinetic energy to the turbine within a certain operating range. It is composed of a stator to change the direction of the oil is to increase the rotational force of the impeller again.

상기와 같이 토크 컨버터의 임펠러로 전달된 엔진의 출력은 상기 터어빈을 통해 변속기어 메커니즘으로 전달되는 바, 상기 변속기어 메커니즘은 다수의 선기어와 링기어 및 캐리어로 구성되는 유성 기어 장치로서, 상기 각 기어들의 회전을 적절히 제어함으로써 상기 기어들 간의 상대 운동에 의해 터어빈으로부터 공급되는 회전력이 적절한 변속비로 변환되어 추진축으로 전달된다.As described above, the output of the engine transmitted to the impeller of the torque converter is transmitted to the transmission gear mechanism through the turbine, wherein the transmission gear mechanism is a planetary gear device composed of a plurality of sun gears, ring gears and carriers, wherein each gear By properly controlling the rotation of the gears, the rotational force supplied from the turbine by the relative movement between the gears is converted into an appropriate transmission ratio and transmitted to the propulsion shaft.

상기 변속기어 메커니즘의 각 기어를 제어하기 위해서는 다수의 마찰부재를 사용하게 되는 바, 상기 마찰부재로는 일반적으로 프론트 클러치와, 리어 클러치, 로우-리버스 브레이크, 엔드 클러치 및 킥 다운 브레이크를 사용하며, 상기와 같은 마찰부재는 엔진의 회전에 따라 동작되는 오일 펌프에 의해 발생된 유압에 의해 작동된다.In order to control each gear of the transmission gear mechanism, a plurality of friction members are used. The friction members generally include a front clutch, a rear clutch, a low-reverse brake, an end clutch and a kick down brake. Such a friction member is operated by the hydraulic pressure generated by the oil pump operated in accordance with the rotation of the engine.

상기 유성기어 장치는 캐리어에 상기 링기어 및 선기어와 치합되는 다수의 피니언이 설치되어 상기 마찰부재의 작동상태에 따른 유성기어의 변속작용시, 링기어와 선기어의 구속 및 회전 상태에 따른 변화되는 출력을 캐리어를 통해 출력축으로 전달하는 역할을 하게 되는 바, 링기어와 선기어 사이에서 고속으로 자전 및 공전을 하게된다.The planetary gear device is provided with a plurality of pinions engaged with the ring gear and the sun gear in a carrier, and the output of the planetary gear is changed according to the restraint and rotational state of the ring gear and the sun gear when the planetary gear is shifted according to the operating state of the friction member. It serves to transfer the to the output shaft through the carrier, which rotates and rotates at high speed between the ring gear and the sun gear.

여기서, 상기 피니언이 캐리어의 피니언 샤프트에 조립되는 구조를 살펴보면 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 피니언(100)의 양측면 중 스러스트력을 받는 쪽에 스러스트와셔(102)를 다수(2~3매) 사용하여 캐리어(104)에 결합되도록 하여, 캐리어(104)와 피니언(100)의 사이에서 발생하는 고속의 회전차와 스러스트력을 감당할 수 있도록 하고 있고, 스러스트력을 받지 않는 면에는 1매의 와셔(106)를 사용하고 있다.Here, when looking at the structure of the pinion is assembled to the pinion shaft of the carrier, as shown in Figure 1 of the two sides of the pinion 100 by using a plurality of thrust washer 102 on the side receiving the thrust force carrier (2 to 3 sheets) To be coupled to the 104, it is possible to bear the high-speed rotation difference and the thrust force generated between the carrier 104 and the pinion 100, and one washer 106 on the side that does not receive the thrust force I'm using.

나아가, 통상 상기 캐리어(104)는 주철재이며 상기 피니언(100)은 강재이므로 두 재질의 직접접촉에 의한 마모를 방지하기 위하여 상기 다수매의 스러스트와셔(102)는 동재질 및 스틸재질 등 서로 다른 재질로 이루어진 것들을 사용하여 마찰특성을 강화하도록 하는 방법을 사용하고 있다.Furthermore, since the carrier 104 is usually cast iron and the pinion 100 is steel, the plurality of thrust washers 102 are different from each other, such as copper and steel, in order to prevent wear due to direct contact between the two materials. The use of materials is used to enhance the friction characteristics.

그런데, 상기한 바와 같이 사용되는 다수의 스러스트와셔(102)들은 통상 도 2에 도시된 것과 같은 평면 도우넛의 형상을 하고 있는바, 이들 스러스트와셔(102)의 사이로 윤활유의 유입이 원활하지 못하고 충격 등에 의해 과도한 스러스트력을 받는 경우에는 스러스트와셔(102)들이 서로 윤활이 안되어 상대회전이 이루어지지 않아 피니언(100)과 캐리어(104) 사이의 회전차를 분담하지 못하고 마모에 의한 파손에 이르는 경우가 많은 문제점이 있다.However, the plurality of thrust washers 102 used as described above are generally shaped like a flat donut as shown in FIG. 2, and the inflow of lubricating oil is not smooth between the thrust washers 102, and the like. When the thrust washer is subjected to excessive thrust force due to the lubrication of the thrust washer 102 is not lubricated with each other, the relative rotation is not made to share the rotation difference between the pinion (100) and the carrier (104) and often leads to breakage due to wear. There is a problem.

이에 본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 다중으로 설치되는 스러스트와셔들의 윤활성능이 안정적으로 확보될 수 있도록 하여 충격적인 스러스트력 및 고속의 회전차를 효과적으로 감당할 수 있도록 함으로써, 자동변속기 유성기어 장치의 내구성을 극대화하도록 한 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems as described above, so that the lubrication performance of the thrust washers installed in multiple can be secured stably to effectively handle the shock thrust force and high speed rotation difference, automatic An object of the present invention is to provide a thrust washer structure of an automatic transmission planetary gear device that maximizes durability of the transmission planetary gear device.

도 1은 일반적인 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 장착상태를 도시한 도면,1 is a view illustrating a thrust washer mounting state of a general automatic transmission planetary gear device;

도 2는 종래의 일반적인 평면 도우넛 형상의 스러스트와셔를 도시한 도면,2 is a view showing a conventional flat donut-shaped thrust washer,

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 스러스트와셔의 구조를 도시한 도면이다.3 is a view showing the structure of a thrust washer according to the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 스러스트와셔의 또 다른 실시예를 도시한 도면이다.4 is a view showing another embodiment of a thrust washer according to the present invention.

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1,7,102: 스러스트와셔3: 윤활공1,7,102: Thrust washer 3: Lubricator

5: 윤활홈100: 피니언5: Lubricating groove 100: Pinion

104: 캐리어104: carrier

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조는 스러스트와셔에 원주방향을 따라 일정한 간격으로 반경 방향으로 길게 형성된 다수의 윤활공을 형성하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The thrust washer structure of the automatic transmission planetary gear device according to the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that the thrust washer is formed by forming a plurality of lubrication holes formed in the radial direction at regular intervals along the circumferential direction.

또한, 본 발명 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조는 스러스트와셔의 양측면에 원주방향을 따라 일정한 간격으로 반경 방향으로 길게 형성된 다수의 윤활홈을 형성하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the thrust washer structure of the automatic transmission planetary gear device of the present invention is characterized by forming a plurality of lubrication grooves formed in the radial direction at regular intervals along the circumferential direction on both sides of the thrust washer.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 설명하면 다음과 같으며, 종래 기술의 설명에 사용하였던 부품과 동일한 부품의 명칭 및 기호는 동일한 것을 사용하여 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same names and symbols as those used in the description of the related art will be described using the same.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조를 도시한 것으로서, 스러스트와셔(1)에 원주방향을 따라 일정한 간격으로 반경 방향으로 길게 형성된 다수의 윤활공(3)을 형성하여 구성하였다.3 is a view illustrating a structure of a thrust washer of an automatic transmission planetary gear device according to the present invention. The thrust washer 1 is formed by forming a plurality of lubrication holes 3 formed in the radial direction at regular intervals along the circumferential direction. It was.

여기서, 상기 윤활공(3)은 스러스트와셔(1)의 반경 방향으로 긴 호의 형태로 구성하였는바, 물론, 이들 호의 볼록한 방향은 도시된 바와 같이 시계반대방향으로일정하게 형성하여 회전에 의한 마찰 성능에 도움이 될 수 있도록 구성하였다.Here, the lubrication hole (3) is configured in the form of an arc long in the radial direction of the thrust washer (1), of course, the convex direction of these arcs are formed uniformly counterclockwise as shown in the friction performance by rotation It is configured to help.

또한, 도 4에는 본 발명에 따른 자동변속기 유성기어장치 스러스트와셔의 다른 실시예를 도시하고 있는 바, 이 경우는 도 3의 경우와 동일하나 윤활공(3) 대신에 윤활홈(5)을 스러스트와셔(7)의 양측면에 각각 형성하도록 한 점이 다르다.In addition, Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the automatic transmission planetary gear device thrust washer according to the present invention, in this case the same as the case of Figure 3, but instead of the lubrication hole (3) thrust lubrication groove (5) The points which are formed in both side surfaces of the washer 7 are different.

물론, 상기 윤활홈(5)도 긴 호의 형태로서 그 볼록한 부분이 일정한 방향을 향하도록 하여 형성하였다.Of course, the lubrication groove 5 is also formed in the form of an elongated arc so that the convex portion faces a certain direction.

상기한 바와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 작용을 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

상기한 바와 같은 스러스트와셔(1,7)의 윤활공(3) 또는 윤활홈(5)에는 자동변속기 윤활시스템에 의해 윤활유가 공급되는 바, 상기 윤활공(3) 또는 윤활홈(5)에 채워져 있는 윤활유는 다수매의 스러스트와셔들 사이와 피니언(100) 및 캐리어(104)와의 접촉부에서 발생될 수 있는 마찰을 크게 저감시키게 된다.The lubrication oil 3 or the lubrication groove 5 of the thrust washers 1 and 7 as described above is supplied with lubricating oil by an automatic transmission lubrication system, and the lubrication hole 3 or the lubrication groove 5 is filled. Lubricant present will greatly reduce the friction that may occur between the plurality of thrust washers and at the contact with pinion 100 and carrier 104.

즉, 상기 윤활공(3) 또는 윤활홈(5)에 채워진 윤활유에 대해서 상기 스러스트와셔(1,7)가 고회전을 하게 되면 레이놀즈 이론에 의해 윤활유가 채워진 홈부분에서 압력이 형성되고 이로 인해 스러스트와셔(1,7)의 유막은 파손되지 않고 오히려 스러스트 반력이 향상되어 동일한 크기의 종래 스러스트와셔(102)에 비하여 월등한 마찰저감의 효과를 발휘하게 되는 것이다.That is, when the thrust washers 1 and 7 rotate about the lubricating oil filled in the lubrication hole 3 or the lubricating groove 5, the pressure is formed in the groove part filled with the lubricating oil according to the Reynolds theory. The oil film of (1,7) is not damaged, but rather, the thrust reaction force is improved, and thus, the effect of friction reduction is superior to that of the conventional thrust washer 102 of the same size.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의하면, 다중으로 설치되는 스러스트와셔들의 윤활성능이 윤활공 또는 윤활홈에 채워진 윤활유에 의해 안정적으로 확보될 수 있도록 하여 충격적인 스러스트력 및 고속의 회전차를 효과적으로 감당할 수 있도록 함으로써, 자동변속기 유성기어 장치의 내구성을 극대화함과 아울러, 다수 재질의 스러스트와셔를 하나의 재질로 통일하여도 원활한 윤활능력을 확보할 수 있도록 함으로써 원가절감 및 조립 작업성을 향상시킬 수 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, the lubrication performance of the thrust washers installed in a plurality can be stably ensured by the lubricant filled in the lubricator or the lubrication groove so that it can effectively cope with the shock thrust force and the high speed rotation difference. In addition, it maximizes the durability of the automatic transmission planetary gear device and improves cost reduction and assembly workability by ensuring the smooth lubrication ability even when the thrust washers of multiple materials are unified into one material.

Claims (4)

스러스트와셔에 원주방향을 따라 일정한 간격으로 반경 방향으로 길게 형성된 다수의 윤활공을 형성하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조.A thrust washer structure of an automatic transmission planetary gear device, characterized in that formed on the thrust washer formed a plurality of lubricating holes formed in the radial direction at regular intervals along the circumferential direction. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 윤활공은 스러스트와셔의 반경 방향으로 긴 호의 형태로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조.Thrust washer structure of the automatic transmission planetary gear device, characterized in that the lubricating hole is configured in the form of an arc long in the radial direction of the thrust washer. 스러스트와셔의 양측면에 원주방향을 따라 일정한 간격으로 반경 방향으로 길게 형성된 다수의 윤활홈을 형성하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조.Thrust washer structure of an automatic transmission planetary gear device, characterized in that formed on the both sides of the thrust washer formed a plurality of lubrication grooves formed in the radial direction at regular intervals along the circumferential direction. 제3항에 있어서,The method of claim 3, 상기 윤활홈은 스러스트와셔의 반경 방향으로 긴 호의 형태로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 자동변속기 유성기어장치의 스러스트와셔 구조.The lubrication groove is a thrust washer structure of the automatic transmission planetary gear device, characterized in that formed in the form of an arc long in the radial direction of the thrust washer.
KR1020010027974A 2001-05-22 2001-05-22 A structure of thrust washer for planetaries of auto transmission KR20020088903A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107747622A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-03-02 六安市金龙齿轮有限公司 A kind of gap oil-filling type superposition gear and its gear working method
KR20200064679A (en) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-08 현대 파워텍 주식회사 lubrication Structure for Carrier of Planetary Gear System

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107747622A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-03-02 六安市金龙齿轮有限公司 A kind of gap oil-filling type superposition gear and its gear working method
KR20200064679A (en) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-08 현대 파워텍 주식회사 lubrication Structure for Carrier of Planetary Gear System

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