KR20020068807A - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat pump system is provided to increase performance coefficient by increasing evaporating temperature of refrigerant liquid in an outdoor heat exchanger and improving defrosting performance. CONSTITUTION: A system comprises a heat medium heating device(20) installed to a pipe(9a); a refrigerating tank(30) refrigerating by heat radiation of the heat medium heating device; a first defrosting heat exchanger(40) connected with the refrigerating tank by a supply pipe(41) and a return pipe(42) and installed to an outdoor heat exchanger(8); a first and a second heat absorbing heat exchangers(50,51) installed in parallel, which are connected with a bypass pipe(52) connected with a pipe(9c) and built in the refrigerating tank; a second defrosting heat exchanger(60) installed on a second pipe(62) connecting a liquid receiver(7) to the pipe(9c) to bypass and a third pipe(63) connected with the second pipe and the outdoor heat exchanger; and a fourth pipe(66) connected with the third pipe and the pipe(9c).

Description

Heat Pump System {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a heat pump system.

As is well known, the heat pump system connects the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in order with conduits, and connects the four-way valve and the compressor with the suction conduits, During the heating operation, the 4-way valve is operated so that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor flows to the indoor heat exchanger side, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger acting as a condenser to exchange the condensation heat with the fluid. It generates hot water or heats indoor air to perform heating or drying function, and expands the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger in the expansion valve, and then uses the outdoor air as a heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator. After evaporation to low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, the cycle that is sucked into the compressor is repeated.

During the cooling operation, the 4-way valve is operated so that the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant flows to the outdoor heat exchanger, condensing the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor in an outdoor heat exchanger that acts as a condenser, and condensing in the outdoor heat exchanger. After expanding the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid in the expansion valve, the refrigerant liquid is evaporated in an indoor heat exchanger that acts as an evaporator, and the heat of evaporation is exchanged with the fluid to generate cold water or to cool the indoor air to cool. The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated from the air is repeated in a cycle of being sucked into the compressor.

On the other hand, in the heat pump system, when the outdoor air is used as a heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation, when the coolant liquid is evaporated, the frost forms on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger when the external air temperature is low. Due to the significant drop in capacity, much effort has been made to promote the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator and the evaporation of the refrigerant vapor sucked into the compressor.

As an example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 54-45949 discloses a refrigerant heater in a heating circuit, which serves as an evaporator during heating operation, and condenses and liquefies a high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by a compressor in an indoor heat exchanger. To heat the room and then evaporate the refrigerant liquid depressurized by the heating depressurization device in the refrigerant heater so that the heating capacity is not reduced even when the outside air temperature is low, and Japanese Patent Application Publication 55-5017 The first publication provides a plurality of outdoor side heat exchangers to simultaneously operate the plurality of outdoor side heat exchangers as a condenser for cooling and to act as an evaporator during heating, and high temperature and high pressure flowing from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger. A portion of the refrigerant vapor of the gas is classified and introduced directly into the plurality of outdoor heat exchangers to A heat pump type cooling / heating device having a flow path switching device for switching a second cycle in which one side of the heat exchanger alternately acts as an evaporator is disclosed. The present inventors also provide a compressor, a conversion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger. In the refrigerant circuit in which the air conditioner, the cooling decompression mechanism, the heating decompression mechanism, and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected to the first conduit and the refrigerant vapor suction pipe, a first heat exchanger provided between the indoor heat exchanger and the heating decompression mechanism of the first conduit; A second heat exchanger is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the conversion valve of the first conduit so as to be positioned above the first heat exchanger, and is connected to the first heat exchanger and the valve in which a closed circuit is formed. Filling the working fluid into the first and second heat exchangers, the refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger as a heat source. For example, a patent application for a heat pump type air conditioner for promoting the evaporation of refrigerant liquid and refrigerant vapor introduced into a compressor was filed in 1998 Patent Application No. 1344.

However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-45949, which is designed to use a refrigerant heater as an evaporator during heating operation, does not describe specific technical means of the refrigerant heater. Maintenance costs are inevitably high due to easy heat transfer, and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-5017 discloses a high temperature and high pressure compressed by a compressor when frost is formed in an outdoor heat exchanger due to a decrease in outside temperature during heating. Since the part of refrigerant vapor is classified and used, the capacity of the compressor must be increased to increase the installation cost and maintenance cost. Also, the inventors of the present invention do not sufficiently evaporate the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger when the outside air temperature is low. There is a problem in that the structure is complicated and the maintenance cost is high by using the auxiliary heating means to be. In addition, the above-mentioned ones have a problem of low heating efficiency due to low evaporation of the coolant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger during cold weather.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, when the refrigerant liquid is evaporated in an outdoor heat exchanger during a heating operation, the present invention provides a heat pump system capable of increasing the evaporation temperature and improving defrosting by increasing defrosting. The purpose.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system in which the thermal conductivity of an outdoor heat exchanger is improved during heating operation to further increase the coefficient of performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a cooling expansion valve, a receiver, a heating expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve as conduits (9a-9e). In the refrigerant circuit in which the four-way valve and the compressor are connected to the suction conduit in order, the heat medium heating means installed in the conduit 9a, the heat storage tank heat-generated by heat dissipation of the heat medium heating means, and the heat storage tank A first defrost heat exchanger connected to a supply pipe and a return pipe and installed in the outdoor heat exchanger, a first and second endothermic heat exchanger installed in parallel with the bypass conduit connected to the conduit 9c and built in the heat storage tank; A second defrost heat exchanger installed in the second conduit connected by bypassing the receiver to the conduit 9c and a third conduit connected to the second conduit and installed in the outdoor heat exchanger; 4c conduit connected to 9c).

1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 2.

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerant circuit 4 Indoor heat exchanger 8 Outdoor heat exchanger

20 heat medium heating means 30 heat storage tank 40 first defrost heat exchanger

50, 51: first and second endothermic heat exchanger 60: second defrost heat exchanger

1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is a refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant circuit 1 is a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, a cooling expansion valve 6, an indoor heat exchanger. 4, the receiver 7, the expansion valve for heating (5), the outdoor heat exchanger (8) and the four-way valve (3) in order to the conduit (9a ~ 9e) in order, the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) are connected to the suction conduit (10) so that during the heating operation, the refrigerant flows in the solid arrow line in the cooling operation and in the arrow dotted line in the cooling operation. It is intended to act as a condenser.

20 is a heat medium heating means, wherein the heat medium heating means 20 connects the bypass conduit 21 to a conduit 9a connecting the compressor 2 and the four-way valve 3 to connect the heat exchanger 22. At the same time, an endothermic heat exchanger (23) for maintaining a heat exchange relationship with the heat exchanger (22) is provided, and a heat exchanger (25) is installed in the endothermic heat exchanger (23) with a circulation conduit (24) for heating. In operation, the heat medium heated by the high-temperature / high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated to heat the heat medium incorporated in the heat storage tank 30 to be described later.

30 denotes a heat storage tank, in which the heat storage tank 30 is filled with a heat medium, a latent heat storage material 31 is installed, and a heat transfer heater 32 is installed, and the heating heat exchanger 25 is installed below. .

40 denotes a first defrost heat exchanger, and the first defrost heat exchanger 40 is integrally formed or separately installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 8, and the first defrost heat exchanger 40 is connected to the heat storage tank 30. It is connected to the supply pipe 41 and the return pipe 42 and heated by the heat transfer heater 32 which is generated by heat radiation of the heat exchanger 25 in the heat medium heat storage tank 30 or a power source such as a late-night electricity during the heating operation. The heat medium was circulated to warm the atmosphere so that it was supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger (8).

50 and 51 are first and second endothermic heat exchangers, and the first and second endothermic heat exchangers 50 and 51 are embedded in the heat storage heat storage tank 30 and the second endothermic heat exchanger 50 is The refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger (4) during heating operation by being installed in a double pipe and installed in parallel with the bypass conduit (52) connected to the conduit (9c) connecting the indoor heat exchanger (4) and the receiver (7). The liquid flows and is heated by the heat of retention of the heat medium, and the solenoid valves 55 and 56 are installed in the connection pipes 53 and 54 of the first and second endothermic heat exchangers 50 and 51. Opening and closing selectively according to the temperature of the heat medium in (30) [For example, when using R-22 as a refrigerant, the valve 55 is opened when the temperature of the heat medium is 60 degrees C or less, and the valve 56 is opened when it is 60 degrees C or more. ].

60 is a second defrost heat exchanger, and the second defrost heat exchanger 60 is integrally formed with or separately installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 8 with the first defrost heat exchanger 40, and the second defrost heat exchanger The apparatus 60 is connected to the second conduit 62 and the second conduit 62 which bypass the receiver 7 to the conduit 9c connecting the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the receiver 7. It is installed in the connected third conduit (63), and the solenoid valves (64) and (65) are installed on the inlet side of the second defrost heat exchanger (60) and the third conduit (63) of the second conduit (62). In operation, the solenoid valve 65 is always open, and the solenoid valve 64 uses the temperature of the refrigerant liquid flowing from the receiver 7 to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 at a set temperature (eg, R-22 as the refrigerant). In the case of higher than 60 ° C.), the refrigerant liquid flows to the second defrost heat exchanger 60, and the heat of condensation when the refrigerant liquid is cooled is opened. One will ever supplied to the exchanger (8).

The fourth conduit 66 is connected to the third conduit 63 and the conduit 9c, and the outer tube 71 is external to the outer tube 71 and the heat storage tank 30 of the first endothermic heat exchanger 51. Low temperature and low pressure sucked into the compressor (2) by forming a heat pipe (72) connected to the (71) and the connection pipe (73) as a heat pipe (70) and penetrating the suction conduit (10) in the heat pipe (72). The refrigerant vapor is heated to dry vaporized or superheated steam.

Reference numerals 11 and 12 are fans, 81, 82, 83 and 84 are on / off valves, 85, 86, 87, 88 and 89 are check valves and 90 is a circulation pump.

In the first embodiment of the present invention as described above, the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrow line during the heating operation, the valve 81 is opened, and the valves 82, 83, 84 are operated. When the compressor 2 is closed and the compressor 2 is driven, the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor 2 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser and condenses the heat of condensation with the fluid to generate hot water. The indoor air is heated to perform a heating or drying function, and the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger (4) includes a check valve (85), a first endothermic heat exchanger (50), and a conduit (9c) (62). (63) (66), the expansion of the heating expansion valve (5) via the receiver (7) and then the outdoor heat exchanger (8) acting as an evaporator to evaporate the outside air as a heat source, the outdoor heat exchanger ( The refrigerant vapor of low temperature and low pressure evaporated in 8) is sucked into the compressor 2 via the four-way valve 3 and the suction conduit 10. To repeat large.

When cooling, the four-way valve (3) is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow, the valves (81), (83) and (84) are opened, and the valve (82) is closed and the compressor (2) is driven. The high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor (2) is condensed by inflowing outside air into the outdoor heat exchanger (8) acting as a condenser, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant liquid condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger (8) is a check valve ( 86), cold water is generated by expanding the evaporation in the indoor heat exchanger (4), which expands from the expansion valve (6) via the receiver (7), the conduit (9c), and acts as an evaporator, and heats the evaporation heat with the fluid. Cooling the indoor air to perform a cooling function, the refrigerant vapor of low temperature and low pressure evaporated from the indoor heat exchanger (4) is a cycle that is sucked into the compressor (2) via the four-way valve (3), the suction conduit (10) To repeat.

When the outside air temperature decreases during the heating operation as described above, the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger 8 decreases in proportion to the outside air temperature that decreases, and in particular, when the outside air temperature becomes 5 ° C. or lower, Since the frost is attached to the surface to prevent the heat transfer, the evaporation phenomenon of the refrigerant liquid is worsened or the evaporation impossibility is caused, resulting in extremely low heating efficiency or inoperability. In this case, the valve 82 is opened to heat the heating medium. When acting on (20), that is, a part of the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor (2) is circulated to the heat exchanger (22) through the bypass conduit (21) and the refrigerant vapor condenses while the heat exchanger (22) The heat medium is heated and heat-generated in the heat storage tank 30 by heating the heat medium flowing through the endothermic heat exchanger 23 which maintains the heat exchange relationship with the heat medium to heat the heat medium filled in the heat storage tank 30 in the heat exchanger 25. The heat storage is also stored in the latent heat storage material 31, and when the temperature of the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank 30 is equal to or higher than the set temperature (eg, 50 ° C. to 60 ° C.), the circulation pump 90 is driven so that the heat medium is first. Since the defrosting operation of the first defrost heat exchanger 40 supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 by heating the outside air by driving the fan 12 while flowing to the defrost heat exchanger 40 is intermittently performed, By quickly removing frost or no frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 8, the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is promoted or promoted so that the heating capacity is not lowered. If the amount of heat storage shortage occurs, the auxiliary heat source is added by supplying power such as midnight electricity to the electric heater 32.

On the other hand, when the defrosting operation of the first defrost heat exchanger 40 is performed or not as described above, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 is set in the heat storage medium accumulated in the heat storage tank 30. The first and second endothermic heat exchangers 50 and 51 built in the heat storage tank 30 are selectively flowed according to the temperature so that the heat storage of the heat storage tank 30 is absorbed and heated, that is, the heat storage of the heat storage tank 30. If the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the refrigerant liquid is endothermic heated via the first endothermic heat exchanger 50 through the solenoid valve 55 which is opened below the set temperature. If the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the solenoid valve 56 is opened and 2 is endothermic heated via the endothermic heat exchanger (51) and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (8) via the conduit (9c) and the expansion valve (5) for heating, and the first and second endothermic heat exchangers (50) as described above. When the refrigerant liquid heated in the (51) flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (8) If the temperature is lower than or equal to the set temperature (the temperature higher than a predetermined temperature higher than the temperature of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the indoor heat exchanger), the solenoid valve 65 is always open, so that the refrigerant liquid is the second conduit 62 and the third conduit 63. ), The fourth conduit 66 and the expansion valve 5 through the receiver 7 are expanded and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 8, and the solenoid valve 64 when the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is higher than the set temperature. Is opened, the refrigerant liquid flowing through the second conduit 62 is radiated to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 via the second defrost heat exchanger 60, and then mixed with the refrigerant liquid flowing through the third conduit 63 to heat exchange. Is introduced into the air (8) and is evaporated by the heat source of the outside air and the compensation heat of the first and / or second defrost heat exchanger (40) (60), the refrigerant liquid is evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger (8) as described above When the refrigerant liquid is the endotherm of the first and second endothermic heat exchanger (50, 51) as its evaporation temperature increases Defrost on the door is good and grades are improved.

In addition, when the refrigerant liquid radiates heat in the second defrost heat exchanger 60 when the set temperature is higher than the set temperature, damage to the compressor can be prevented by preventing an excessive increase in proper superheat when evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 8.

In addition, when the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger (8) is sucked into the compressor (2) through the suction conduit (10), the heat medium in the heat storage tank (30) by passing through the heat transfer pipe (72) of the heat pipe (70). By evaporating the working fluid in the heat pipe 70 by the evaporated working fluid and the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger 8 by the evaporated working fluid, the wet steam is superheated and vaporized by heating the wet steam. This prevents damage to the compressor by preventing liquid back due to liquid back and liquid compression.

The solenoid valves 55 and 56 are installed in the heat storage tank 30, and the solenoid valve 64 is provided with a sensor in the conduit 9c, and the output signal is inputted to the controller to control the solenoid valves 65 and 81. (82) (83) (84) is to control the output signal of the outside air temperature sensor to the controller.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the essential part of FIG. 2, wherein the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The difference from the first embodiment in the example is that the spacing of the fins 8 ′ of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is wide, the water tank 180 is installed on the top of the outdoor heat exchanger 8, and the water tank 180 is provided. The nozzle 181 located between the fins 8 'is installed at the bottom of the) so that when the frost is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 in the cold weather, water is sprayed between the fins 8 "to remove the frost, and the fins ( 8 ') to freeze the ice of a certain thickness so that the gap between them is not blocked.

When the ice is frozen in the heat pipes and fins 8 'of the outdoor heat exchanger 8 as described above, the heat conductivity of the ice is 20 times better than that of frost, so that the thermal conductivity is good and the heat dissipation of the first defrost heat exchanger 40 or the like is reduced. When the ice melts, the heat of fusion is added to the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid, so that the refrigerant liquid is evaporated well, thereby achieving an additional increase in the grade coefficient.

In the above-described second embodiment, the water tank 180 is preferably provided with a prevention means for deflection such as a heat transfer heater which can prevent freezing of water.

As described above, the present invention incorporates a heat medium heating means heated by a high-temperature / high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by a compressor in a heat storage tank so that the heat medium heated by the heat dissipation flows to the first defrost heat exchanger, and the first heat storage tank flows through the first defrost heat exchanger. And a second endothermic heat exchanger, which heats the refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger during the heating operation to increase the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant liquid, so that the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger is good and the coefficient of performance can be increased, so that the outside temperature is low. Even when the heating efficiency can be maintained well, and also the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger can be adjusted to prevent damage to the compressor.

In addition, the present invention is to freeze the ice in the outdoor heat exchanger during the cold weather to improve the thermal conductivity, so that the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid is good even in the cold weather can be further increased the coefficient of performance.

Claims (5)

Compressor, 4-way valve, indoor heat exchanger, cooling expansion valve, receiver, heating expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger and the 4-way valve are connected in sequence with conduits (9a-9e), and the 4-way valve and compressor In the refrigerant circuit connected to the suction conduit, the heat medium heating means installed in the conduit (9a), the heat storage tank is heat storage by heat dissipation of the heat medium heating means, and connected to the heat storage tank by a supply pipe and a return pipe, the outdoor heat exchange A first defrost heat exchanger installed in the air conditioner, a bypass conduit connected to the conduit 9c and installed in parallel, and connected to the first and second endothermic heat exchangers built in the heat storage tank, and a receiver is bypassed to the conduit 9c. A heat pump comprising a second defrost heat exchanger installed in the second conduit and a third conduit connected to the second conduit and installed in the outdoor heat exchanger, and a fourth conduit connected to the upper third conduit and the conduit 9c. System. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein a heat transfer tube is formed on the outer tube and the heat storage tank of the first endothermic heat exchanger to be connected to the outer tube and the connecting tube to penetrate the suction tube. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein a water tank is provided at the top of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a nozzle is disposed at the bottom of the water tank between the fins. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve (55) is provided in a connection pipe of the first and second endothermic heat exchangers. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve (64) is provided at an inlet side and a third conduit of the second defrost heat exchanger of the second conduit.