KR100383852B1 - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump system, by using the heating function and cooling function simultaneously or selectively in one system to efficiently use the heat source, simplify the structure and occupy a small installation area, convection heating during heating And radiant heating is carried out at the same time to ensure a comfortable heating, even when the outside temperature is low to maintain a good heating capacity.

The present invention conduits the compressor (2), the four-way valve (3), the first heat exchanger (4), the expansion valve (5) (6), the second heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve (3). A basic refrigerant circuit (1) connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9) in order, and connecting in the order of 8a to 8d; A second connection between the first bypass conduit 11 and a connection portion of the first bypass conduit 11 of the conduit 8c while connecting both ends of the first bypass conduit 11 to the conduit 8c; A third heat exchanger (10) connected to the conduit (12) and installed in the second conduit (12); The both ends of the second bypass conduit 14 are connected to the outlet position of the third heat exchanger 10 of the second conduit 12, and are connected to the second bypass conduit 14 and the conduit 8b; A fourth heat exchanger (13) installed at the outlet position of the expansion valve (16) of the third conduit (15) in which the expansion valve (16) is provided to expand the refrigerant liquid; A hot water heating circuit 18 installed in the conduit 8a; The heat exchanger 20 installed at the inlet side of the third heat exchanger of the second conduit 12 and the endothermic heat exchanger 21 installed at the suction conduit 9 and the hot water heating circuit 18 are connected. It consists of the heat storage tank 19 in which the 2nd heat exchanger 22 was built.

Description

Heat Pump System {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a heat pump system.

As is well known, the heat pump system connects a compressor, a four-way valve, a first heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger), an expansion valve, a second heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger), and the four-way valve in order by a conduit, By connecting the 4-way valve and the compressor with the suction conduit, during the heating operation, the 4-way valve is operated so that the refrigerant flows to the first heat exchanger side, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor flows to the first heat exchanger acting as a condenser. Heat the condensation heat with the fluid to generate hot water or heat indoor air to perform drying or heating of the building, and expand the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger in the expansion valve. In the second heat exchanger acting as an evaporator, it is necessary to repeat the cycle of being sucked into the compressor after evaporating the outside air as a heat source to become a gas of low temperature and low pressure. .

During the cooling operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the refrigerant flows to the second heat exchanger to condense the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor in the second heat exchanger acting as a condenser, and condensed in the second heat exchanger. After expanding the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid in the expansion valve and heat-exchanging with the fluid in the first heat exchanger acting as an evaporator to generate cold water or to cool the indoor air to perform the cooling or cooling of the object to be cooled. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated from the heat exchanger is repeated in the suction cycle.

On the other hand, the heat pump system is a heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation, when the coolant liquid is evaporated when the coolant liquid is low, the evaporation of the coolant liquid is not good, the heating capacity is significantly reduced, so the compressor Many efforts have been made to promote the evaporation of the refrigerant gas to be sucked.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4918927 discloses two indoor heat exchangers in a refrigerant circuit, and during cooling operation, one of them acts as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant and one to close the heating operation. The city discloses heating of indoor air by making both indoor heat exchangers act as condensers, and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5445949 discloses a refrigerant heater in a heating circuit to serve as an evaporator during heating operation. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor is condensed and liquefied in the indoor heat exchanger to heat the room, and the heating capacity is lowered even when the outside temperature is low by evaporating the refrigerant liquid decompressed in the heating pressure reducing mechanism in the refrigerant heater. The inventors of the present invention also disclose that a compressor, a conversion valve, and an indoor A refrigerant circuit in which a heat exchanger, a cooling pressure reducing device, a heating pressure reducing device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected to a first conduit and a refrigerant gas suction pipe, comprising: a first heat exchanger provided between the indoor heat exchanger and the heating pressure reducing device of the first conduit; A second heat exchanger is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the conversion valve of the first conduit so as to be positioned above the first heat exchanger, and is connected to the connection pipe in which the first heat exchanger and the valve are installed to form a closed circuit. Patent No. 289,751 proposed to promote the evaporation of refrigerant liquid and refrigerant gas sucked into the compressor by using the refrigerant fluid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger as a heat source by filling the first and second heat exchangers with a working fluid. .

However, the heat pump system uses only the heat of condensation or the heat of evaporation of the first heat exchanger, and only the heating or cooling operation of the fluid by discarding the heat of evaporation or the heat of condensation of the second heat exchanger, thereby making it impossible to efficiently use a heat source and heating the fluid. If two functions of cooling and cooling are to be performed at the same time, two heat pump systems should be installed, which makes the structure complicated, occupies a large area, requires excessive cost, and heating depends only on convective heating. There is a problem that can not be a comfortable heating due to the large amount.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4918927 among the evaporation promoting means of refrigerant gas uses a heat source of a compressor when heating and heating indoor air in two indoor heat exchangers serving as condensers. Since the installation cost and maintenance costs are high, and the volume of the indoor heat exchanger installed in the room becomes large, it occupies a large occupied area of the room, thereby limiting the utilization of the indoor space.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 5445945, which is designed to use a refrigerant heater as an evaporator during heating operation, does not describe specific technical means of the refrigerant heater, so the volume of the evaporator is small and easy to install. Since the use of heat transfer is inevitably high maintenance costs, the inventors of the present invention also has to use the auxiliary heating means in a cold period, the structure is complicated, maintenance costs are high, there is a problem that the defrost of the outdoor heat exchanger is impossible.

And the prior application of the present inventors installed the hot water heating tank bypass the indoor heat exchanger in order to generate hot water at the same time heating, but hot water can be generated only when heating and cooling is not possible, the heating efficiency of hot water is also low It is.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention simultaneously or selectively performs heating and cooling functions in one system to efficiently use a heat source, simplify the structure, occupy a small installation area, and heat even when the outside air temperature is low. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump system capable of maintaining a good capability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system capable of providing comfortable heating by simultaneously performing convective heating and radiant heating during heating.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compressor (2), a four-way valve (3), a first heat exchanger (4), an expansion valve (5) (6), a second heat exchanger (7) and the four rooms A basic refrigerant circuit (1) connecting the valve (3) in order to conduits (8a to 8d) and connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9); A second connection between the first bypass conduit 11 and a connection portion of the first bypass conduit 11 of the conduit 8c at the same time as connecting both ends of the first bypass conduit 11 to the conduit 8c; A third heat exchanger (10) connected to the conduit (12) and installed in the second conduit (12); The both ends of the second bypass conduit 14 are connected to the outlet position of the third heat exchanger 10 of the second conduit 12, and are connected to the second bypass conduit 14 and the conduit 8b; A fourth heat exchanger (13) installed at the outlet position of the expansion valve (16) of the third conduit (15) in which the expansion valve (16) is provided to expand the refrigerant liquid; A hot water heating circuit 18 installed in the conduit 8a; The heat exchanger 20 installed at the inlet side of the third heat exchanger of the second conduit 12 and the endothermic heat exchanger 21 installed at the suction conduit 9 and the hot water heating circuit 18 are connected. It consists of the heat storage tank 19 in which the 2nd heat exchanger 22 was built.

1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

2: compressor 3: four-way valve 4, 7, 10, 13: heat exchanger

18: hot water heating circuit 19: heat storage tank 20, 22: heating heat exchanger

21: endothermic heat exchanger

1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, reference numeral 1 denotes a basic refrigerant circuit, and the basic refrigerant circuit 1 includes a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, a first heat exchanger 4, and an expansion valve. (5) (6), the second heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve (3) in order to the conduit (8a ~ 8d) in order, the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) in the suction conduit (9), the first and second heat exchanger (4) (7) is a water tank that generates cold and hot water, indoors to be cooled and heated, to be dried or to a warehouse to dry or refrigerated to be stored It is installed to act simultaneously or selectively as a condenser and an evaporator.

10 is a third heat exchanger, wherein the third heat exchanger 10 connects both ends of the first bypass conduit 11 to the conduit 8c and at the same time is opposite to the first bypass conduit 11. The second conduit 12 is installed between the check valves 111 and 112 and the connection portion of the first bypass conduit 11 of the conduit 8c by installing the check valves 111 and 112 that are opened. It is connected to the second conduit 12 to be exposed to the atmosphere, it is to act as a second condenser or not to act.

13 is a fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger 13 connects both ends of the second bypass conduit 14 to the outlet position of the third heat exchanger 10 of the second conduit 12, The third heat exchanger is connected to a second bypass conduit 14 and a third conduit 15 having an expansion valve 16 installed at the conduit 8b and exposed to the atmosphere at the third conduit 15. The expansion valve 16 is installed at the outlet position when the expansion valve 16 functions to expand the refrigerant liquid in proximity or contact with the 10, and the fourth heat exchanger 13 may or may not act as a condenser or an evaporator. It is. And the fourth conduit 17 is connected to the third conduit 15 and the conduit 8d.

18 is a hot water heating circuit, and the hot water heating circuit 18 connects both ends of the refrigerant bypass pipe 181 to the conduit 8a to install a heat exchanger 182, and exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 182. The radiant heat generating means 184 such as a radiating coil or a radiator, which is installed on one side of the hot water heat exchanger 183 having a bottom, on the other side, is installed as a hot water circulation pipe 185 in which a circulation pump 186 is installed. The water supply pipe 187 and the hot water supply pipe 188 are connected to the circulation pipe 185, and the hot water generated by the hot water heat exchanger 183 by the condensation heat of the refrigerant gas in the heat exchanger 182 radiates heat generating means 184. ) To circulate radiant heat or use it as hot water for bath or hot water.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a heat storage tank, in which the heat storage tank 19 embeds a normal heat storage material inside a container of a closed structure, and heats the heat exchanger 20 at the inlet side of the third heat exchanger 10 of the second conduit 12. And installing an endothermic heat exchanger (21) in the suction conduit (9) and connecting a hot water bypass pipe (189) to the hot water circulation pipe (18b) and a second heat exchanger to the hot water bypass pipe (189). The machine 22 is installed to incorporate the heat exchanger 20, 21, 22.

Reference numeral 23 is a receiver, 24-35 is a valve, 36-38 is a check valve, and 39 is a fan.

The following operations are explained by function.

1. Simultaneous heating and cooling operation

end. The heating operation of the first heat exchanger 4 and the cooling operation of the second heat exchanger 7 operate the four-way valve 3 so that the refrigerant flows in the solid line of the arrow, and the valves 31, 24, 26 and 27 are operated. ) Is opened (other valves are closed), and when the compressor 2 is driven, the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor is condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser, and the heat of condensation is transferred to the fluid or water. The hot water is generated by heat exchange with air, or the indoor air is heated to perform heating or drying of the dried product, and the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 is checked by the check valve 36, 1 The refrigerant liquid flowing into the third heat exchanger 10 serving as the second condenser via the bypass conduit 11 and the second conduit 12 and not condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 is recondensed. Is expanded in the expansion valve (6) via conduits (12) (8c) and flows into the second heat exchanger (7) acting as an evaporator Cold water is generated by the heat of evaporation while evaporating the heat exchanger with the sieve, or the indoor air is cooled to perform cooling or cooling of the object to be cooled, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated in the second heat exchanger (7) is a conduit (8d). ), The four-way valve 3 and the suction conduit 9 are repeated with the cycle suctioned by the compressor 2, in which case the function of the fourth heat exchanger 13 is stopped.

I. Cooling operation of the first heat exchanger 4 and heating operation of the second heat exchanger 7

The four-way valve 3 operates the refrigerant to flow in the dotted line of the arrow, opens the valves 31, 27, 25 and 24 (other valves are closed), and then drives the compressor 2 to compress the compressor. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas condenses in the second heat exchanger 7 serving as a condenser and performs a heating function by heat-exchanging the heat of condensation with the fluid, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant condensed in the second heat exchanger 7. The liquid flows into the third heat exchanger 10 which acts as a second condenser via the check valve 37, the first bypass conduit 11, and the second conduit 12, and is recondensed by the atmosphere. 12) After the expansion in the expansion valve (5) through (8c) and flows into the first heat exchanger (4) to evaporate to perform a cooling function by heat exchange with the fluid, the low temperature evaporated in the first heat exchanger (4) The low pressure refrigerant gas is repeated in a cycle in which the refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor (2) via a conduit (8b), a four-way valve (3), and a suction conduit (9). In this case, the function of the fourth heat exchanger 13 is to stop.

2. The heating operation or the cooling operation of only the first heat exchanger 4 is performed.

end. Heating operation only for the first heat exchanger 4

In this operation, the function of the second heat exchanger 7 is stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrow line, and the valves 31, 24, 28, 30 are opened ( When the other valve is closed, the compressor 2 is driven, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 2 is condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser, and the heat of condensation is exchanged with the fluid for heating. A third heat exchanger (10) which functions and serves as a second condenser via the check valve (36), conduits (8c) (11) and (12) through the refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger (4). Flows into and recondensed by the atmosphere, expands in the expansion valve (16) via the second bypass conduit (14), and then evaporates by the atmosphere in the fourth heat exchanger (13) and in the fourth heat exchanger (13). The evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas is repeated in a cycle in which the refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor 2 via the third conduit 15, the fourth conduit 17, and the conduit 8d. It is.

I. Cooling operation only for the first heat exchanger 4

In this operation, the functions of the second heat exchanger 7 and the third heat exchanger 10 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow and the valves 31, 30 ( 35) (25) (24) is opened (other valves are closed) and the compressor (2) is driven. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor (2) carries the conduits (8d) (17) (15). In the fourth heat exchanger 13 which acts as a condenser via air, it is condensed by the atmosphere and the refrigerant liquid is expanded in the expansion valve 5 via the check valve 38 and the conduits 14, 12, 8c. After the heat exchange with the fluid in the first heat exchanger (4) acting as an evaporator to perform a cooling function, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger (4) is repeated a cycle that is sucked into the compressor (2) It is.

3. The heating operation or the cooling operation of only the second heat exchanger 7 is performed.

end. Heating operation only for the second heat exchanger 7

In this operation, the function of the first heat exchanger 4 is stopped, the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow, and the valves 31, 27, 28, 29 are opened ( When the other valve is closed, the compressor 2 is driven, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 2 is condensed in the second heat exchanger 7, which acts as a condenser, and heats the condensation heat with the fluid. The refrigerant liquid condensed in the second heat exchanger 7 flows into the third heat exchanger 10 which functions as the second condenser via the check valve 37 and the first bypass conduit 11. Low temperature evaporated by the atmosphere in the fourth heat exchanger 13 and then evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger 13 after being expanded by the expansion valve 16 via the conduits 12 and 14. The low pressure refrigerant gas repeats the cycle of being sucked into the compressor 2 via conduits 15 and 8b.

I. Cooling operation only for the second heat exchanger 7

In this operation, the functions of the first heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 10 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrows and the valves 31, 29 ( 35, 26 and 27 are opened (other valves are closed) and the compressor 2 is driven. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 2 is condensed through the conduits 8b and 15. The refrigerant liquid of the high temperature and high pressure condensed by the atmosphere in the fourth heat exchanger 13 which acts as a condenser by the fourth heat exchanger 13 is connected to the check valve 38, the conduits 14, 12 and 8c. After the expansion in the expansion valve (6) through the inlet flows into the second heat exchanger (7) to evaporate the heat exchange with the fluid to perform the cooling function, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated in the second heat exchanger (7) is a conduit It is sucked into the compressor 2 via 8d.

4. Hot water heating operation

1 (heating or cooling operation of the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 7), 2 (heating or cooling operation of only the first heat exchanger 4), and 3 (second heat exchanger 7). When only the valve 32 is additionally opened during the operation of the heating or cooling operation only], the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 2 flows through the refrigerant bypass pipe 181, and the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor is exchanged with the heat exchanger. When condensed at 182, the water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger 183 is heated by the heat of condensation.

The hot water heated as described above circulates the hot water circulation pipe 185 by driving the circulation pump 186 when the first heat exchanger 1 or the second heat exchanger 7 performs heating by convection. Since the radiant heat generated by the radiant heat generating means 184 is radiated to a place to be heated, convection heating and radiant heating can be simultaneously performed, thereby reducing the amount of heat dissipation of the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 7. Reducing the number of revolutions of the fan reduces noise and reduces the amount of airflow reaching the occupants to provide comfortable heating, and also supplies hot water to the water supply pipe 184 during convection and radiant heating as described above. You can use the hot water required.

In addition, even when the first heat exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 7 is cooled, the hot water required by the hot water supply pipe 188 may always be used while supplying water to the water supply pipe 184 as in the heating operation. Since the heat exchanger 182 functions as a condenser, it is possible to increase the cooling efficiency since the condensation of the refrigerant gas is good.

5. Evaporation promotion operation

1, the heating operation (heating operation of the first heat exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 7), the divalent (heating operation of only the first heat exchanger 4), the trivalent [second heat exchanger High temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 7, which acts as a condenser, when the outside air temperature drops during the operation of (7) heating operation only). The second heat exchanger 7 acts as an evaporator by storing heat of the condensation heat in the heat storage material by releasing the condensation heat to the heat storage material built in the heat storage tank 19 when passing through the heat exchanger 20 installed in the heat storage tank 19. The endothermic heat exchanger (21) installed in the intake conduit (9) through the four-way valve (3) is unable to evaporate when the refrigerant liquid evaporates when the outside liquid is the heat source in the first heat exchanger (4). When it is sucked into the compressor (2) via the re-evaporation while being heated by the heat accumulated in the heat storage material built in the heat storage tank (19) The refrigerant gas sucked into the compressor (2) by being drawn into the compressors (2) will be drawn into the case saturated or superheated gaseous refrigerant.

In addition, in the divalent and trivalent operation, the fourth heat exchanger 13 exposed to the atmosphere acts as an evaporator. In this case, the third heat exchanger acts as a second condenser by driving the fan 39. By further supplying the condensation heat of (10) to the fourth heat exchanger 13, since the frost or dew does not generate | occur | produce in a 4th heat exchanger, evaporation of a refrigerant liquid becomes favorable.

When the refrigerant gas sucked into the compressor 2 by only the heat of condensation of the heat exchanger 20 during the heating operation is not dried or overheated, or the outside air temperature is further lowered, the conduit 8a and the hot water bypass pipe 189 are used. When the valves 32 and 34 installed in the valve are opened, and the valve 33 installed in the hot water circulation pipe 186 is closed and the hot water heating circuit 18 is operated, the hot water generated by the hot water heat exchanger 183 is operated. The refrigerant flows through the suction conduit 9 or the wetted refrigerant because the amount of heat storage is greatly increased by heat-exchanging with the heat storage material in the second heat exchanger 22 while the hot water bypass pipe 189 flows. The gas is dried or superheated and the refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor 2 so that the heating capacity can be maintained well even when the outside air temperature is low, and the wet compression of the compressor 2 can be prevented to ensure reliability.

As described above, the present invention saves energy because the first and second heat exchangers simultaneously or selectively perform the heating and cooling functions to efficiently use the heat source, simplify the structure, and occupy a small installation area. And cost savings. In addition, convection heating and radiant heating can be performed at the same time during heating, which reduces noise and reduces the amount of airflow reaching the occupants, enabling comfortable heating, and installing a heat storage tank to cool refrigerant gas sucked into the compressor. Since it can be dried or overheated, it is possible to maintain a good heating capacity even when the outside air temperature is low and to prevent the wet compression of the compressor, thereby ensuring reliability.

Claims (4)

The compressor (2), four-way valve (3), the first heat exchanger (4), the expansion valve (5) (6), the second heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve (3) conduit (8a-8d) A basic refrigerant circuit (1) connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9); A second connection between the first bypass conduit 11 and a connection portion of the first bypass conduit 11 of the conduit 8c at the same time as connecting both ends of the first bypass conduit 11 to the conduit 8c; A third heat exchanger (10) connected to the conduit (12) and installed in the second conduit (12); The both ends of the second bypass conduit 14 are connected to the outlet position of the third heat exchanger 10 of the second conduit 12, and are connected to the second bypass conduit 14 and the conduit 8b; A fourth heat exchanger (13) installed at the outlet position of the expansion valve (16) of the third conduit (15) in which the expansion valve (16) is provided to expand the refrigerant liquid; A hot water heating circuit 18 installed in the conduit 8a; The heat exchanger 20 installed at the inlet side of the third heat exchanger of the second conduit 12 and the endothermic heat exchanger 21 installed at the suction conduit 9 and the hot water heating circuit 18 are connected. A heat pump system composed of a heat storage tank (19) incorporating a second heating heat exchanger (22). The hot water heating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the hot water heating circuit connects both ends of the refrigerant bypass pipe 181 to the conduit 8a to install a heat exchanger 182, and has a heat exchanger relationship with the heat exchanger 182. A heat pump system connected to the hot water circulation pipe 185 provided with the radiation heat generating means 184 on one side and the other side 183. The heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein the radiant heat generating means is selected from a heat radiation coil or a radiator embedded in the floor. The heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected to the hot water circulation pipe.