KR100769057B1 - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump system, and more particularly, to a heat pump type cooling / heating system using air as a heat source of an outdoor heat exchanger, and quickly and satisfactorily defrosting an outdoor heat exchanger when the ambient air temperature is low during a heating operation. In the cooling operation, even when the outside air temperature is high, the condensation of the refrigerant vapor in the outdoor heat exchanger is good.

The present invention is a compressor (2), four-way valve (3), indoor heat exchanger (4), cooling expansion valve (5), heating expansion valve (6), outdoor heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve ( 3) a basic refrigeration circuit (1) connecting the conduit (8) in order and connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9); A hot water heating circuit (10) connected between the compressor (2) and the four-way valve (3) of the conduit (8); A brine heating heat exchanger 21 is connected in parallel to the hot water heating circuit 10, and a brine cooling heat exchanger 22 is bypassed to the suction conduit 9 so that the brine heating heat exchanger and brine are bypassed. The heat transfer tank 23 is formed in the cooling heat exchanger 21, 22, and is connected to the supply pipe 24 and the return pipe 26 in which the circulation pump 25 is installed in the heat transfer tank 23. Intake air temperature control means 20 provided with a heat regulation heat exchanger 27 for temperature control in the heat exchanger 7, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the heat control heat exchanger 27 is a heat transfer pipe 31 for refrigerant and The brine heat pipes 32 are alternately arranged vertically, and a plurality of fins 35 are vertically installed on the coolant heat pipes 31 and the brine heat pipes 32, and the fan 36 is heated during It is driven by a press-fit fan.

Basic refrigeration circuit, indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, hot water heating circuit, intake air temperature control means, brine heating heat exchanger, brine cooling heat exchanger, heat transfer tank, refrigerant heat exchanger tube, brine heat exchanger tube

Description

Heat Pump System {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM}

1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an outdoor heat exchanger of an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of an outdoor heat exchanger of an embodiment of the present invention.

           <Explanation of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

1: basic refrigeration circuit 4: indoor heat exchanger 7: outdoor heat exchanger

10: hot water heating circuit 20: intake air temperature control means 21: brine heating heat exchanger

22: heat exchanger for cooling brine 23: heat transfer tank 31: heat transfer tube for refrigerant

32: brine heat pipe

The present invention relates to a heat pump system, and more particularly, to a heat pump type cooling / heating system using air as a heat source of an outdoor heat exchanger.

As is well known, a heat pump type cooling and heating system connects a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in order with a conduit, and sucks the four-way valve and the compressor. By connecting the conduit, during the heating operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor flows to the indoor heat exchanger side, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger acting as a condenser. Heat exchanger condenses heat with fluid to generate hot water or heat indoor air to perform heating or drying function, and expand the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger in the expansion valve and then act as an evaporator. Air is used as a heat source to evaporate to form refrigerant vapor of low temperature and low pressure, and then is sucked into the compressor and cycle To repeat.

During the cooling operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor flows to the outdoor heat exchanger side, condensing the air as a heat source in the outdoor heat-exchanger acting as a condenser. After expanding the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger in the expansion valve, the refrigerant liquid is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator to absorb the heat of evaporation from the fluid to generate cold water or to cool the indoor air to cool it. The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated from the indoor heat exchanger is sucked into the compressor and the above cycle is repeated.

The heat pump type cooling / heating system is characterized by frost on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger when the outside air temperature drops below the dew point when evaporating the refrigerant liquid as the heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation. The evaporation is not good and the heating capacity is remarkably decreased, and solving the lowering of the heating capacity of the heat pump system has become an important research and development direction of the heat pump system.

When the outside air temperature is high during the cooling operation, the temperature difference between the refrigerant vapor condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger and the outside air becomes small, so that the cooling load decreases due to the incomplete condensation of the refrigerant vapor. Since the evaporation is not complete, suction in the compressor in the state of wet refrigerant vapor causes liquid back, which damages the valve of the compressor, and damages the compressor due to liquid hammer. Not only that, but the grade factor is lowered, which is also a problem to be solved.

Patents 367176 and 486095 disclose a heat pump type cooling and heating device and a heat pump system for meeting the above request.

The heat pump type air conditioner is a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device, an outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve in order to the conduit, and the four-way valve and the compressor by a suction conduit. A refrigerant circuit comprising: a second heating circuit provided in a conduit between the compressor and a four-way valve; and an auxiliary heat exchanger connected to the second heating circuit and installed on at least one side of the outdoor heat exchanger. When the temperature falls below the dew point temperature, the heat medium of the second heating circuit is heated by the condensation heat of the refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure compressed by the compressor, and the heat medium is circulated to the auxiliary heat exchanger installed on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger. The outside air sucked into the air is heated, and during heating operation, convection heating and radiant heating are used together to provide comfortable heating.

The heat pump system includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a cooling expansion valve, a heating expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve in a conduit, and connects the four-way valve and the compressor. A basic refrigeration circuit connected to the suction conduit; A hot water heating circuit connected between the compressor of the conduit and the four-way valve; It is installed between the cooling expansion valve and the heating expansion valve of the conduit to fill the heat medium, and between the latent heat storage material and the heating heat exchanger connected to the hot water heating circuit, and between the cooling expansion valve and the heating expansion valve of the conduit. A heat storage tank incorporating the installed recondensation heat exchanger; The heat storage tank is connected to a return pipe provided with a supply pipe and a circulation pump, and is configured as a heat exchanger installed on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the heat medium charged in the heat storage tank is maintained by the recondensation heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. The heat medium maintaining the set temperature is supplied to a heat exchanger installed on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger to preheat the outside air during the heating operation of the dew point below the dew point and to cool the outside air during the cooling operation having a high outside temperature. .

However, the heat pump type air conditioner and the heat pump system, the secondary heat exchanger or heat exchanger is disposed on the suction side of the outdoor heat exchanger, the outdoor air preheated or cooled in the auxiliary heat exchanger or heat exchanger by the suction fan It is not only good defrost of frost generated between fin of outdoor heat exchanger, but also takes long defrost time, and reheats when cooled air passes through fin. It is not good.

In addition, the heat pump type air-conditioning and heating device indirectly heats the heat medium and the outside air stored in the heat storage tank through the heat pipe, thereby reducing the outside air heating efficiency.

 In addition, the heat pump system installs a heat storage tank between a cooling expansion valve and a heating expansion valve, and includes a recondensing heat exchanger in the heat storage tank to recondensate the refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger (condenser) during the heating operation. Although it has the advantage of improving the coefficient of performance by supercooling the refrigerant liquid during the heating operation, the recondensing heat exchanger is damaged when the heat medium filled in the heat storage tank is frozen due to the regeneration of the heat storage tank. Due to the mixing, the surroundings are not clean, cause environmental pollution, and repair costs are high.

In view of the above-described circumstances, the present invention is to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger quickly and satisfactorily when the outdoor air temperature is low during the heating operation, and to improve the condensation of the refrigerant vapor in the outdoor heat exchanger even when the outdoor air temperature is high during the cooling operation. It is an object to provide a heat pump system.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention connects the compressor, four-way valve, indoor heat exchanger, cooling expansion valve, heating expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve in order to the conduit, the four way A basic refrigeration circuit connecting the valve and the compressor by suction conduits; A hot water heating circuit connected between the compressor of the conduit and the four-way valve; A brine heating heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the hot water heating circuit, and a brine cooling heat exchanger is bypassed to the suction conduit to form a heat transfer tank in the brine heating heat exchanger and the brine cooling heat exchanger, and circulates in the heat transfer tank. It is connected to a supply pipe and a return pipe installed with a pump, and the intake temperature adjusting means provided with a temperature control heat exchanger in the outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger and the temperature control heat exchanger alternately vertically transfers the refrigerant heat transfer pipe and the brine heat transfer pipe. And a plurality of fins are installed vertically in the heat transfer pipe for refrigerant and the heat transfer pipe for brine, and the fan is driven by a press-fit fan during the heating operation.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, 1 is a basic refrigeration circuit, the basic refrigeration circuit (1) is the discharge port of the compressor (2), four-way valve (3), indoor heat exchanger (4), expansion for cooling A valve (5), a heating expansion valve (6), an outdoor heat exchanger (7), and the four-way valve (3) are connected in sequence with a conduit (8), and the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2). By connecting the suction inlet to the suction conduit (9) to operate the indoor heat exchanger (4) as the condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger (7) as the evaporator during the heating operation, and the outdoor heat exchanger (7) during the cooling operation. With the condenser, the indoor heat exchanger 4 serves as the evaporator.

10 is a hot water heating circuit, wherein the hot water heating circuit 10 connects both ends of the refrigerant bypass pipe 11 between the compressor 2 of the conduit 8 and the four-way valve 3 to connect the condenser 12. Radiant heat generating means (14), such as a heat radiation coil or a radiator, for installing a hot water heat exchanger (13) having a heat exchange relationship with the condenser (12) on one side and on an installation floor of the indoor heat exchanger (4) on the other side. And installing a hot water supply tank 18 in the hot water heat exchanger 15 while connecting and installing the hot water heat exchanger 15 to the hot water circulation pipe 16 provided with the circulation pump 17. The hot water heat exchanger is connected to the water supply pipe 19a and the hot water supply pipe 19b by condensation heat when a part of the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor 2 in the condenser 12 is condensed. 13 to generate hot water to supply heated hot water to the brine heating heat exchanger 21 to be described later, or generating radiant heat The radiant heating from the stage 14 to one or to use hot water for bathing or hot water supply.

20 is an intake air temperature control means, the intake air temperature control means 20 is connected to the brine heating heat exchanger 21 in parallel to the hot water circulation pipe 16, the heat exchanger for brine cooling to the intake air pipe (9) (22) bypassed to form a heat transfer tank (23) in the brine heating and cooling heat exchangers (21) and 22, and a supply pipe having a circulation pump (25) installed in the heat transfer tank (23). When the outside air temperature is low during the heating operation by installing a temperature control heat exchanger 27 connected to the 24 and the return pipe 26 and adjusting the temperature of the outside air to be intaked (supplied) to the outdoor heat exchanger 7, The brine in the heat transfer tank 23 is heated by the brine heating heat exchanger 22 to circulate the heated brine to the temperature control heat exchanger 27 to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 7, When the temperature is high, it is caused by the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor sucked into the compressor 2. By the cooled brine and the cooled brine in heat transfer over tank 23 by the cooling air supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger (7) is preferably a condensate of a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor.

2 and 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the temperature control heat exchanger 27 alternately vertically form a coolant heat exchanger tube 31 and a brine heat exchanger tube 32 in a zigzag fashion. The inlet and outlet headers 33a, 33b, 34a and 34b are respectively installed in the coolant heat pipe 31 and the brine heat pipe 32, and the coolant heat pipe 31 is connected to the conduit 8. , The brine heat pipe 32 is connected to the supply pipe 24 and the return pipe 26, and a plurality of integral fins 35 are vertically installed on the refrigerant heat pipe 31 and the brine heat pipe 32, In the heating operation, the fan 36 is driven by a press-fit fan to pressurize the outside air between the fins 35 so that the heated brine supplied to the brine heat transfer pipe 32 is quickly fed to the fin 35 and the heat transfer pipe 31 for the refrigerant. And to ensure good delivery, during the cooling operation will be driven by a suction fan as in the prior art.

In addition, the circulation pump 25 is controlled by a detection means 37 or a timer (not shown) such as a temperature sensor and a dew condensation sensor installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the detection means 37 is a fan shroud ( 38, a micro switch 39 is installed, and one end of the lever 40 is hinged to an adjacent position of the micro switch 39 inside the fan shroud 38 and at the same time the weight 41 is attached to the other end. When screwing causes condensation between the fins 35, the pressure in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 increases and the other end of the lever 40 rises due to the negative pressure caused by the pressure increase in the outdoor heat exchanger 7. By connecting the switch 39 to drive the circulation pump 25, the defrosting timing can be easily and quickly adjusted, and the weight 41 is adjusted far or near from the hinge point of the lever 40 to adjust the defrosting time. You can do it easily.

Reference numerals 51 and 52 are check valves, 53 is a freezing prevention or starting heater, 54 to 60 are valves, and 61 and 62 are temperature sensors.

In the embodiment of the present invention as described above, in the heating operation, the valves 54 and 59 are opened, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrow line, and then the compressor 2 is driven. The refrigerant vapor of the high temperature and high pressure compressed in 2) flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser and condenses, thereby heating the fluid by the heat of condensation to generate hot water or perform an air conditioning (heating) function. The high-temperature / high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger (4) is expanded by the expansion valve (6) for heating via the check valve (51), and then the outside air is heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger (7) serving as an evaporator. The refrigerant vapor of low temperature and low pressure evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger (7) passes through the four-way valve (3) and passes through the suction conduit (9). 2) to repeat the cycle .

When the convection heating operation is performed as the indoor heat exchanger 4 by the heating operation as described above, a part of the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant vapor compressed by the compressor 2 is further opened by opening the valve 55 and the valve 57. To the refrigerant bypass pipe (11) to condense in the condenser (12), heat the hot water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger (13) by the condensation heat of the condenser (12) to drive the circulation pump (17) to generate radiant heat By means of radiant heating in the means 14, convection heating and radiant heating can be performed together, and when the radiant heating and convection heating are combined as described above, the opening degree of the valve 55 is increased and the opening degree of the valve 54 is increased. At the same time, reducing the number of rotation of the fan installed in the indoor heat exchanger (4) is mainly to radiant heating, so that the amount of airflow to reach the inhabitants can be comfortable heating and noise is also reduced.

When the temperature of the indoor floor reaches the set temperature, the valve 57 is closed by a temperature controller (not shown), the valve 58 is opened, and the hot water heating circuit 10 continues to operate. The hot water heating circuit 10 ) Is stopped by closing the valves 58 and 55 by the set temperature of the temperature sensor 61 installed in the hot water tank 18. In addition, the hot water for bath or hot water in the hot water tank 18 can be obtained together.

During the cooling operation, only the valves 54 and 59 are opened, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow, and then the compressor 2 is driven. The high temperature and high pressure compressed by the compressor 2 are maintained. The refrigerant vapor of the refrigerant flows in and condenses from the outdoor heat exchanger (7) acting as a condenser, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger (7) passes through the check valve (52). 5) is expanded into the indoor heat exchanger (4) which acts as an evaporator and absorbs evaporative heat from the fluid around the indoor heat exchanger (4) to generate cold water or perform an air conditioning (cooling) function, etc. The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated in the heat exchanger (4) is sucked into the compressor (2) via the four-way valve (3) and the suction conduit (9) to repeat the cycle.

 In this cooling operation, when the valve 57 is closed while operating in the same manner as in the heating operation, hot water for bathing or hot water supply can also be obtained from the hot water tank 18.

On the other hand, when the outside air temperature falls below the dew point during the heating operation, the hot water heated by opening the valve 56 is circulated to the brine heating heat exchanger 21 built in the heat transfer tank 23 to be in the heat transfer tank 23. The brine is heated and stored at a set temperature (for example, 45 ° C.), and the detecting means 37 installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 detects the concept of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and sends the signal to the circulation pump. When outputted to the drive unit 25, the brine heated in the heat transfer tank 23 circulates the brine heat exchanger tube 32 installed between the coolant heat exchanger tubes 31, and stores the brine retaining heat for the fins 35 and the coolant unit. Defrost is performed by heat transfer to the heat exchanger tube 31.

When defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 as described above, the drive of the fan 36 is initially stopped, the fan 36 is driven after a predetermined time, and the outside air is press-fitted between the fins 35. The defrosting is quickly and satisfactorily achieved by rapidly descending from the pin 35 by the pressure input and the force of gravity), and when the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is completed, the deceleration of the output signal of the detecting means 37 circulates. Since the driving of the pump 25 is stopped, normal heating operation is performed.

When the outside air temperature is high during the cooling operation, when the valve 59 is closed and the valve 60 is opened, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated from the indoor heat exchanger 4 acting as an evaporator is built in the heat transfer tank 23. The brine in the heat transfer tank 23 is cooled and stored when passing through the brine cooling heat exchanger 22, and when the circulation pump 25 is driven by the output signal of the detection means 37, the heat transfer tank ( 23, the cooled brine circulates between the brine heat pipes 32 between the coolant heat pipes 31 of the outdoor heat exchanger 7, while cooling the fins 35 and the heat transfer pipes 31 for the refrigerant. The coefficient of performance is increased by making the condensation of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor passing through the heat transfer tube 31 uniform and favorable.

As described above, the present invention arranges a heat transfer tube for brine between the heat transfer tubes for refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger of the basic refrigeration circuit, and installs a plurality of fins vertically on both heat transfer tubes, thereby heating or cooling the heat transfer tube for brine. By circulating the brine to heat or cool the fin and the heat exchanger tube for refrigerant, the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation with low outside temperature is achieved and the condensation of the refrigerant vapor during the cooling operation with the high outside temperature is achieved. The coefficient is improved, and the grade coefficient is improved even when the outside temperature is low or high, so that the efficiency can be maintained well regardless of the season.In particular, during the heating operation, the fan is driven by a press-fit fan to separate the condensed water by the pressure input and gravity. You can quickly defrost by descending.

In addition, by installing a hot water heating circuit between the conduit compressor and the four-way valve to enable both convective heating and radiant heating, comfortable heating can be achieved and noise can be produced at the same time.

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Claims (4)

Compressor, 4-way valve, indoor heat exchanger, cooling expansion valve, heating expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger, and 4-way valve in order to connect conduit, basic refrigeration by connecting 4-way valve and compressor by suction conduit Circuits; A hot water heating circuit connected between the compressor of the conduit and the four-way valve; A brine heating heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the hot water heating circuit, and a brine cooling heat exchanger is bypassed to the suction conduit to form a heat transfer tank in the brine heating heat exchanger and the brine cooling heat exchanger, and circulates in the heat transfer tank. It is connected to a supply pipe and a return pipe installed with a pump, and the intake air temperature control means provided with a heat exchanger for temperature control in the outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger and temperature control heat exchanger is alternately vertically alternated between the refrigerant heat transfer pipe and the brine heat transfer pipe. And a plurality of fins vertically installed in the heat transfer pipe for refrigerant and the heat transfer pipe for brine, and the fan is driven by a press-fit fan during a heating operation. The hot water heating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the hot water heating circuit connects both ends of the refrigerant bypass pipe between the compressor of the conduit and the four-way valve to install a condenser, and the hot water heat exchanger having a heat exchange relationship with the condenser on one side and the room on the other side. A heat pump system in which radiant heat generating means embedded in an installation floor of a heat exchanger and a hot water supply heat exchanger are connected to a hot water circulation pipe provided with a circulation pump, and a hot water tank is installed in the hot water heat exchanger. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein detection means is provided in a fan shroud of the fan. 4. The heat pump according to claim 3, wherein the detecting means includes a micro switch installed in the fan shroud, hinged at one end of the lever to an adjacent position of the micro switch in the fan shroud, and screwed at the other end. system.

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