KR20020057456A - Total electrical transient eliminator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for eliminating electric transient phenomena is provided to reduce the transient phenomena of a high frequency at a wide range by connecting a continuous attenuation circuit between a ground unit and an electronic load. CONSTITUTION: An AC(Alternating Current) power line(114) has a ground unit. An electronic load(112) has an electronic load ground unit. An isolated transformer(116) has a first winding(118) and a second winding(120). The first winding(118) has a first source lead(124), a first medium lead(126), and a first electricity-failure-shield lead(128). The second winding(120) has a second source lead(130), a second medium lead(132), and a second electricity-failure-shield lead(134). The first source lead(124), the first medium lead(126), and the first electricity-failure-shield lead(128) are electrically connected to the AC power line(114). The second source lead(130), the second medium lead(132), and the second electricity-failure-shield lead(134) are electrically connected to the electronic load(112). The first electricity-failure-shield lead(128) and the second electricity-failure-shield lead(134) are electrically connected to each other and to the ground unit. A continuous attenuation unit(152) attenuates high frequency transient phenomena.

Description

Electrical transient removal device {TOTAL ELECTRICAL TRANSIENT ELIMINATOR}

The present invention relates to a system for removing or suppressing transients. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for attenuating high frequency transients in the 50 kHz-200 MHz range of an AC power line from damage to sensitive electrical and electronic circuits connected to the AC source line.

As is well known in the art, modern electrical and electronic circuits, such as those present in microprocessors and computer systems, are unnecessary forms of electricity generated by voltage surges, transients, atmospheric discharges, and motors, generators, and the like. The noise may be damaged or destroyed. As a result, several kinds of transient suppression apparatuses have been developed. The transient suppression device isolates these transients appearing on the AC external power line to protect sensitive electrical and electronic circuits connected to the external power line, and eliminates unnecessary transient voltages or currents. A prior art search of this application of the US Patent Office suggested the following US patents.

1,730,8815,650,908

4,019,1225,671,110

4,802,0555,737,161

5,532,897

In US Patent No. 5,532,897, issued July 2, 1996 to Carpenter Jr., a high voltage substation level surge comprising a high energy surge arrester and a low energy surge arrester. suppression system) is published. A surge interceptor is interconnected between the two surge arresters. The surge interceptor includes an inductor connected in parallel with a high energy resistor.

In US Pat. No. 5,671,110, issued September 23, 1997 to McCartney et al., A device for protecting non-isolated data communication cables against ground skew used with AC power lines is disclosed. The current sum transformer is connected to an AC power source. The current sum transformer includes one transformer core and a number of coils. One of the coils is connected to each phase of the AC power line, that is, the neutral, ground line. Current sum transformers provide high impedance to surge currents in the data cable ground of one or more non-isolated data cables.

In US Pat. No. 5,737,161, issued April 7, 1998 to Thomas, an overcurrent protection circuit is disclosed that includes a relay having two coils wound around a common magnetic core, and a PTC element connected in parallel with the relay contact point. The first coil is a low impedance current coil and the second coil is a high impedance voltage coil.

The remaining patents listed above, which are no longer discussed in particular, are considered to be of general interest and are presenting the state of the art regarding transient surge suppression devices using coils and cores.

Furthermore, existing technology is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,689,180, issued November 18, 1997 to Carlson et al. This' 180 patent is for an isolated power supply for protecting electrical components from transient voltages and currents. A filter is disclosed that includes a resistor and a toroid used in conjunction with an isolated transformer. A filter is connected between the second neutral lead and the second ground lead of the transformer to create a shunt of current or voltage spikes. Ferrite beads are connected between each ground and binding post for current filtering in the 70-200 KHz range.

However, similar to the present invention including a continuous attenuator circuit to reduce high frequency transients in the frequency range of 50 KHz-200 MHz electrically connected between the ground and electrical load grounds, attenuating the high frequency transients of the AC power line The device for this is not mentioned in any of the prior art. The present invention represents a notable improvement over the field discussed above.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients in a wider range than the frequency ranges that have traditionally been available.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and apparatus for attenuating high frequency altitude phenomena in the range of 50 KHz-200 MHz from damage to sensitive electrical and electronic circuits connected to AC power lines.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for high frequency transient attenuation comprising a continuous attenuator circuit formed of a plurality of toroidal cores.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for high frequency transient attenuation comprising one isolating transformer and one continuous attenuator circuit.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for attenuation of high frequency transients that includes one ground fault circuit interrupter and one continuous attenuator circuit.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage of sensitive electrical and electronic components in an electrical load connected to an AC power source is disclosed. The AC power line has one ground and the electrical load has one electrical load ground. An isolated transformer is provided having a first winding and a second winding. The first winding includes a first source lead, a first neutral lead, and a first electrostatic shield lead. The second winding includes a second source lead, a second neutral lead, and a second electrostatic shield lead. The first source lead, the first neutral lead, and the first electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to an AC power line.

The second source lead, the second neutral lead, and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to the electrical load. The first electrostatic shield lead and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to each other and also to the ground portion. A continuous attenuator circuit is used to attenuate high frequency transients in the 50KHz-200MHz frequency range that is electrically connected between the ground and the electrical load ground.

1 is a circuit diagram of a device for high frequency transient attenuation designed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an apparatus for reducing high frequency transients in accordance with the present invention.

3 is a detailed view of a continuous attenuator circuit formed of a plurality of toroidal cores for use in the apparatus of FIG. 1 or FIG.

(Reference number description)

110, 210 ... high frequency transient damping device

112 ... Electrical load 114 ... External AC power

116 ... isolating transformer 118 ... first winding

120 ... second winding 122 ... three-strand electrical plug

124 ... first source lead 126 ... first neutral lead

128 ... first electrostatic shield lead 130 ... second source lead

132 ... 2nd neutral lead 134 ... 2nd electrostatic shield lead

136 ... Line Lead 138 ... Metal Oxide Varistor

140 ... field capacitor 142 ... load source leads

144 ... load neutral lead 146 ... lead line

148 ... ground line 150 ... lead line

152 ... continuous attenuator circuit

1 shows a diagram of an improved apparatus 110 for attenuating high frequency transients, designed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. The device 110 is used for high frequency transient attenuation in the range of 50 KHz-200 MHz and to isolate this transient from the electrical load 112 due to the external AC power source 114. Device 110 includes an isolation transformer 116 having a first winding 118 and a second winding 120. In general, the 1-2 turns ratio is 1: 1.

The external AC power source 114 is connected to the first winding 118 of the transformer 116 by a three-prong electrical plug 122 of standard type. The isolation transformer 116 includes a first source lead 124 connected to the line lead L of the plug 122, a first neutral lead 126 connected to the line lead N of the plug 122, and a plug 122. It has a first electrostatic shield lead 128 connected to the line lead EG. Isolation transformer 116 includes a second source lead 130, a second neutral lead 132, and a second electrostatic shield lead 134. The first electrostatic shield 128 and the second electrostatic shield 134 are connected to each other and to the line lead 136 serving as the first ground portion GND.

The metal oxide varistor (MOV) 138 has an end connected between the second source lead 130 and the second neutral lead 132 of the isolation transformer 116. The metal oxide varistor 138 functions to clamp any high pressure that may be connected to the electrical load 112 via the transformer second winding. The filter capacitor 140 is connected in parallel with the MOV 138 and has an end connected between the second source lead 130 and the second neutral lead 132 of the isolation transformer 116. The purpose of capacitor 140 is to attenuate high frequency voltage and current pulses in the 100 KHz frequency range.

Also, one end of the capacitor 140 is connected to the load source lead 142 of the electrical load 112, and the other end is connected to the load neutral lead 144 of the electrical load 112 at node A. Node A is connected to first ground GND via lead line 146. An electrical load ground line 148 of an electrical load is connected to Node B, which is connected to the floating point FG via lead line 150.

In order to attenuate the high frequency transient voltages and currents generated in the electrical load line 148 of the electrical load 112 and prevent them from returning back to the first winding of the transformer, the continuous attenuator circuit 152 of the present invention is configured to float at node B. Interconnect between ground point FG and the first ground point GND of node A. Compared to the existing '180 patent with a filter circuit formed of ferrite beads, resistors, and toroids, to filter the current in the range of 70-200 KHz, the instantaneous continuous attenuator circuit 152 has to reach the transformer second winding. It was designed to filter out high frequency transients in the 50 KHz-200 MHz range.

In FIG. 3, a continuous attenuator circuit 152 including multiple sections 154a, 154b, 154c is shown in detail. The first section 154a comprises three series connected toroids T1, T2 and T3, which are regulated in a frequency range between 50-100 KHz. The second section 154b includes two series connected toroids T4 and T5 that are adjusted to a frequency range of 100 MHz. The third section 154c includes two series connected toroids T6 and T7 that are adjusted to a frequency of 200 MHz.

Each toroid T1-T7 has a cylindrical core 1-6 inches in diameter. Each toroid diameter depends on the magnitude of the radiofrequency transient to be removed. The shape of the core may be other than cylindrical. Moreover, the toroid may be in the form of a separate ring. The toroid core is formed of magnetic materials such as iron and ferrite surrounded by epoxy. One long continuous copper wire strand 156 is wound individually and sequentially several times around each nucleus of toroidal T1-T7. The toroids T1-T7 are arranged in close proximity to one another and their ends are connected, their sides are connected or they are connected in a stack. In this way, the use of unbroken continuous wire strand 156 results in a " braided wire effect.

One end of copper wire 156 adjacent to toroidal T1 is connected to lug 158 and the other end adjacent to toroidal T7 is connected to lug 160. Shrink tubing 162 is located above toroidal T1-T7 to bundle several toroids into a single housing. In a preferred embodiment, the wire size measured in American Wire Gauge (AWG) is 12, 14, or 16 sizes, with the most preferred size being 16 AWG size. However, to accommodate different magnitudes and frequencies of transient voltages and currents, other wire sizes, different number of turns, and different core sizes can also be clearly understood. The total impedance of the continuous attenuator circuit 152 complies with National Electronic Code (NEC) and Underwriters Laboratroies (UL) requirements to ensure that it is safe for the ground conductor of electrical appliances.

2, the apparatus 210 of the second embodiment for suppressing high frequency transients is shown in accordance with the present invention. The device 210 is essentially the same as the device 110 of FIG. 1. However, the ground fault current interrupter (GFCI) 216 is used instead of the isolation transformer 116. GFCI 216 is input source lead 224 connected to line lead L of plug 122, input neutral lead 226 connected to line lead N of plug, and ground fault line connected to line lead EG of plug. 228. GFCI 216 also includes an output neutral lead 232 and an output source lead 230 that are coupled to the electrical load 114.

The GFCI 216 electrically connects the output source and the neutral lead to the input source and the neutral lead in the first mode of operation. And electrically separates the output source and the neutral lead from the input source and the neutral lead in the second mode of operation. Except for this difference, the device 210 for attenuating high frequency transients operates and functions in the same manner as the device 110 of FIG. 1. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the interconnections of parts and their operation are not repeated.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method and apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage of sensitive electrical and electronic circuits in an electrical load connected to the AC power line. The AC power line has a ground, and the electrical load has an electrical load ground. A continuous attenuator circuit for attenuating high frequency transients in the frequency range of 50 KHz-200 MHz is electrically connected between the ground and the electrical load ground.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients in a wider range than the frequency range traditionally available.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and apparatus for attenuating high frequency altitude phenomena in the range of 50 KHz-200 MHz from damage to sensitive electrical and electronic circuits connected to AC power lines.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for high frequency transient attenuation comprising a continuous attenuator circuit formed of a plurality of toroidal cores.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for high frequency transient attenuation comprising one isolating transformer and one continuous attenuator circuit.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for attenuation of high frequency transients that includes one ground fault circuit interrupter and one continuous attenuator circuit.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage of sensitive electrical and electronic components in an electrical load connected to an AC power source is disclosed. The AC power line has one ground and the electrical load has one electrical load ground. An isolated transformer is provided having a first winding and a second winding. The first winding includes a first source lead, a first neutral lead, and a first electrostatic shield lead. The second winding includes a second source lead, a second neutral lead, and a second electrostatic shield lead. The first source lead, the first neutral lead, and the first electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to the AC power line.

The second source lead, the second neutral lead, and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to the electrical load. The first electrostatic shield lead and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to each other and also to the ground portion. A continuous attenuator circuit is used to attenuate high frequency transients in the 50KHz-200MHz frequency range that is electrically connected between ground and the electrical load ground.

Claims (20)

An apparatus for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage of sensitive electrical and electronic circuits in an electrical load connected to an AC power line, wherein the AC power line has a ground portion, and the electrical load has an electrical load ground portion, The apparatus comprises an isolation transformer and a continuous attenuator means, The isolated transformer has a first winding and a second winding, the first winding having a first source lead, a first neutral lead, and a first electrostatic shield lead, wherein the second winding is a second source lead, a second Has a neutral lead, and a second electrostatic shield lead, The first source lead, the first neutral lead, and the first electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to an AC power line, The second source lead, the second neutral lead, and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to an electrical load, The first electrostatic shield lead and the second electrostatic shield lead are electrically connected to each other and electrically connected to a ground portion, and And said continuous attenuator means attenuates high frequency transients electrically connected between a ground portion and an electrical load ground portion. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the continuous attenuator means comprises a plurality of toroidal cores and a single continuous wire strand, the wire strands winding individually and sequentially several times around each of the plurality of toroidal cores, the wire And the strand has a first end connected to the ground and a second end connected to the electrical load ground. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first three of the plurality of toroidal cores are adjusted to a frequency range of 50-100 KHz, the second two of the plurality of toroidal cores are adjusted to a frequency of 100 MHz, and A third two of said plurality of toroidal cores are tuned to a frequency of 200 MHz. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus further comprises isolation clamping means, the isolation clamping means being connected between the second source lead and the second neutral lead of the isolation transformer to establish a voltage therebetween. Device for clamping with. 5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the clamping means is a metal oxide varistor. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises filter capacitor means connected between the second source lead of the isolated transformer and the second neutral lead to attenuate high frequency voltage and current pulses. A device for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage to sensitive electrical and electronic circuits of an electrical load connected to an AC power line, wherein the AC power line has a ground, and the electrical load has an electrical load ground, The apparatus has a ground fault current interruptor means and a continuous attenuator means, The ground fault current interrupter means has an input lead and an output lead to electrically connect the output lead to the input lead in a first mode of operation and to electrically disconnect the output lead from the input lead in a second mode of operation. , The input lead is electrically connected to an AC power line, The output lead is electrically connected to an electrical load, The ground fault current interrupter is electrically connected to a ground portion, The continuous attenuator means is electrically connected between a ground portion and an electrical load ground portion to attenuate high frequency transients. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the continuous attenuator means comprises a plurality of toroidal cores and one continuous wire strand, the wire strands winding individually and sequentially several times around each of the plurality of toroidal cores, the wire And the strand has a first end connected to the ground and a second end connected to the electrical load ground. The method of claim 8, wherein the first three of the plurality of toroid cores are adjusted in a frequency range of 50-100 KHz, the second two of the plurality of toroid cores are adjusted in a frequency of 100 MHz, and A third two of the plurality of toroidal cores are tuned to the 200 MHz frequency. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the device further comprises isolating clamping means connected between the second source lead and the second neutral lead of the isolating transformer, thereby clamping the voltage therebetween to a predetermined level. Device. 11. An apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said clamping means is a metal oxide varistor. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising filter capacitor means connected between the second source lead and the second neutral lead of the isolated transformer to attenuate high frequency voltage and current pulses. A method for attenuating high frequency transients of an AC power line from damage to sensitive electrical and electronic circuits in an electrical load connected to an AC power line, wherein the AC power line has a ground, the electrical load has an electrical load ground, Way: -Electrically connect the input lead of the isolator to the AC power line, -Electrically connect the output leads of the isolator to an electrical load, -Electrically connecting the isolation device to earth ground, and -Attenuating high frequency transients in the continuous attenuator circuit electrically connected between the ground portion and the electrical load ground portion. 14. The wire strand of claim 13 wherein the continuous attenuator means comprises a plurality of toroidal cores and a continuous wire strand, the wire strands winding each of the plurality of toroidal cores individually and sequentially several times, the wire strands And a first end connected to the ground and a second end connected to the electrical load ground. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first three of the plurality of toroidal cores are adjusted in a frequency range between 50-100 KHz, and the second two of the plurality of toroidal cores are adjusted at 100 MHz. A third two of the toroidal cores are modulated at a frequency of 200 MHz. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising isolating clamping means connected between said second source lead and said second neutral lead of said isolating transformer, thereby clamping the voltage therebetween to a predetermined level. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the clamping means is a metal oxide varistor. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising filter capacitor means connected between the second source lead and the second neutral lead of the isolated transformer for high frequency voltage and current pulse attenuation. The method of claim 13 wherein the isolation device is an isolation transformer. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein said isolation device is a ground fault current interrupter.