KR20020046797A - Elongation measuring device for chain - Google Patents

Elongation measuring device for chain Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR20020046797A
KR20020046797A KR1020000077135A KR20000077135A KR20020046797A KR 20020046797 A KR20020046797 A KR 20020046797A KR 1020000077135 A KR1020000077135 A KR 1020000077135A KR 20000077135 A KR20000077135 A KR 20000077135A KR 20020046797 A KR20020046797 A KR 20020046797A
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
chain
length
elongation
tension
movable member
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020000077135A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
정영종
Original Assignee
이계안
현대자동차주식회사
류정열
기아자동차주식회사
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 이계안, 현대자동차주식회사, 류정열, 기아자동차주식회사 filed Critical 이계안
Priority to KR1020000077135A priority Critical patent/KR20020046797A/en
Publication of KR20020046797A publication Critical patent/KR20020046797A/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B5/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving
    • G01B5/043—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving for measuring length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/10—Size; Dimensions
    • B65H2511/17—Deformation, e.g. stretching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B3/22—Feeler-pin gauges, e.g. dial gauges

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for measuring elongation ratio of chain is provided to obtain an accurate value for the chain length and elongation ratio, while allowing chain length to be measured in accordance with the tensile force. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus comprises a cylindrical fixed member(31) and a cylindrical movable member(32) where both inner ends of a chain(20) get caught, and which are combined with each other to be movable by a screw rod(30) for adjusting a tensile force; a load cell interconnected between the fixed member and the movable member, and which measures the change of tensile force caused due to the movement of the fixed member and the movable member; and a displacement measuring member interconnected between the fixed member and the movable member and combined with the movable member, wherein the displacement measuring member measures the distance between the fixed member and the movable member in accordance with the movement of the movable member.

Description

체인 연신율 측정장치{Elongation measuring device for chain}Elongation measuring device for chain

본 발명은 체인 연신율 측정장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 체인의 장력을 기준 장력값으로 조절한 상태에서 이와 동시에 체인의 길이를 측정하는 방법으로 체인의 연신율을 측정하는 장치를 제공함으로써, 체인의 장력과 길이를 연계적으로 측정하기 때문에 보다 정밀한 값을 얻을 수 있는 체인 연신율 측정장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring chain elongation, in particular, by providing a device for measuring elongation of a chain by measuring the length of the chain at the same time in a state in which the tension of the chain is adjusted to a reference tension value, thereby the tension and length of the chain. It relates to a chain elongation measuring device that can obtain a more precise value because it measures in conjunction with.

일반적으로 체인의 연신율을 측정하는 방법은 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 보통 210mm 규격의 버어니어 캘리퍼스(10)를 반복 사용하여 체인(20)의 전체 길이(대략 450mm)를 측정한 다음, 이것을 소정의 계산식, 즉 체인의 연신율 = (내구후 체인 길이 - 내구전 체인 길이)/내구전 체인 길이 ×100%의 계산식을 이용하여 측정한다.In general, the method for measuring the elongation of the chain is to repeatedly measure the entire length (about 450 mm) of the chain 20 using a vernier caliper 10 of 210 mm standard, as shown in FIG. It is measured using a calculation formula, e.g. elongation of the chain = (durable chain length minus durable chain length) / durability chain length x 100%.

그러나, 이러한 종래의 체인 연신율 측정방법은 체인의 길이를 버어니어 캘리퍼스로 여러 번 측정한 후 각 측정값을 합산하는 방식이기 때문에 오차가 커서 정확도가 떨어지고, 측정할 때 체인에 기준 장력값을 정확히 줄 수가 없는 등 전반적으로 체인의 길이를 정확하게 측정할 수 없는 단점이 있다.However, this conventional method of measuring chain elongation is a method of measuring the length of a chain several times with a vernier caliper and then summing each measured value. There is a disadvantage in that the length of the chain cannot be accurately measured in general.

따라서, 본 발명은 이와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 체인에 적정 장력을 부여할 수 있는 수단과 변위 센서를 이용하는 길이 측정수단을 채용하여 체인의 장력을 기준 장력값으로 조절한 상태에서 체인의 길이를 동시에 측정할 수 있도록 함으로써, 체인의 길이 및 장력에 관계없이 다양한 체인의 연신율 측정이 가능하고, 체인의 장력과 길이를 연계시킨 상태에서 측정하기 때문에 보다 정밀한 측정값을 얻을 수 있도록 한 체인 연신율 측정장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있는 것이다.Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above, by adopting a means for imparting a proper tension to the chain and a length measuring means using a displacement sensor to adjust the chain tension to a reference tension value. By allowing the length to be measured at the same time, it is possible to measure elongation of various chains regardless of the length and tension of the chain, and to measure the chain tension and length in conjunction with the chain. The purpose is to provide a measuring device.

도 1은 종래의 체인 연신율 측정장치를 나타내는 개략도1 is a schematic view showing a conventional chain elongation measuring device

도 2는 본 발명의 체인 연신율 측정장치를 나타내는 정면도Figure 2 is a front view showing a chain elongation measuring device of the present invention

도 3은 본 발명의 체인 연신율 측정장치를 나타내는 평면도Figure 3 is a plan view showing a chain elongation measuring device of the present invention

〈도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10 : 버어니어 캘리퍼스 20 : 체인10: vernier caliper 20: chain

30 : 나사봉 31 : 고정체30: screw rod 31: fixed body

32 : 이동체 33 : 로드셀32: mobile body 33: load cell

34 : 변위 측정기 35 : 손잡이34: displacement measuring instrument 35: handle

이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 체인(20)의 내측 양단을 걸어줄 수 있으며 장력 조절을 위한 나사봉(30)에 의해 이동가능하게 조합되는 2개의 원통형 고정체(31) 및 이동체(32)와, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 연결되며 이것들의 움직임에 따른 장력변화를 측정하게 되는 로드셀(33)과, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 연결되는 동시에 이동체(32)와 연계적으로 조합되어 이동체(32)의 움직임에 따른 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 간의 거리를 측정하게 되는 변위 측정기(34)를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention is able to walk the inner both ends of the chain 20 and the two cylindrical fixture 31 and the movable body 32 is movably combined by a screw rod 30 for tension adjustment and the fixture ( 31 is connected between the mobile body 32 and the load cell 33 which measures the tension change according to their movement, and is connected between the fixed body 31 and the mobile body 32 and simultaneously connected to the mobile body 32. It is characterized in that it comprises a displacement measuring device 34 which is combined in combination to measure the distance between the fixed body 31 and the mobile body 32 in accordance with the movement of the mobile body (32).

이를 좀더 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.This will be described in more detail as follows.

도 2 및 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 체인 연신율 측정장치의 구성 요소를 보여주는 정면도 및 평면도이다.2 and 3 are a front view and a plan view showing the components of the chain elongation measuring device according to the present invention.

본 발명의 체인 연신율 측정장치는 체인(20)의 내측 양단에 걸려지는 2개의 원통형 고정체(31) 및 이동체(32)와, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 나사 결합되는 나사봉(30) 및 손잡이(35)와, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 간에 연결되는 로드셀(33)과, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 결합되는 변위 측정기(34)로 구성된다.The chain elongation measuring device of the present invention includes two cylindrical fixtures 31 and the movable body 32 which are caught on both ends of the inner side of the chain 20, and screwed between the fixed body 31 and the movable body 32. The sand bar 30 and the handle 35, a load cell 33 connected between the fixed body 31 and the movable body 32, and a displacement measuring unit 34 coupled between the fixed body 31 and the movable body 32. It is composed of

상기 2개의 원통형 고정체(31)와 이동체(32)는 체인(20)의 내측 양단에 걸려지면서 체인(20)에 벌려줄 수 있는 수단으로 사용된다.The two cylindrical fixtures 31 and the movable body 32 are used as a means to open to the chain 20 while being caught on both ends of the inner side of the chain 20.

이를 위하여, 상기 손잡이(35)를 조작하여 나사봉(30)을 회전시키면이동체(32)가 뒷쪽으로 이동하게 되므로, 체인(20)에 소정의 장력을 부여할 수 있게 된다.To this end, when the screw rod 30 is rotated by operating the handle 35, the movable body 32 is moved to the rear, so that a predetermined tension can be given to the chain 20.

이때의 상기 나사봉(30)은 고정체(31)와는 그 선단에서 자유롭게 회전 가능하게 되고, 이동체(32)와는 나사 전동이 가능하도록 조합된다.At this time, the screw rod 30 is freely rotatable at the tip thereof with the stationary body 31, and is combined with the movable body 32 so as to allow screw transmission.

상기 로드셀(33)은 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 연결되면서 이것들의 움직임에 따른 장력의 변화를 수치로 나타낼 수 있도록 되어 있다.The load cell 33 is connected between the stationary body 31 and the movable body 32 so that the change in tension due to their movement can be represented numerically.

즉, 이동체(32)가 이동되면서 체인(20)에 장력이 걸리게 되면 이때의 힘은 로드셀(33)로 그대로 전달되어 이를 소정의 수치로 나타낼 수 있게 된다.That is, when tension is applied to the chain 20 while the movable body 32 is moved, the force at this time is transmitted to the load cell 33 as it is, so that it can be represented by a predetermined value.

이에 따라, 로드셀(33)로 표시되는 수치를 확인하여 체인(20)의 기준 장력값을 맞출 수 있게 된다.Accordingly, it is possible to match the reference tension value of the chain 20 by checking the numerical value displayed by the load cell 33.

상기 변위 측정기(34)는 일종의 변위 센서로서, 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 설치되어 이동체(32)의 이동량, 즉 체인(20)의 길이를 의미하는 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 간의 거리를 측정하게 된다.The displacement measuring unit 34 is a kind of displacement sensor, which is installed between the stationary body 31 and the movable body 32 to represent the amount of movement of the movable body 32, that is, the length of the chain 20, and the movable body 31. The distance between the 32 will be measured.

따라서, 이와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 체인 연신율 측정장치를 사용하여 체인의 길이 및 소정의 계산식을 통해 체인의 연신율을 측정하는 방법에 대해 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Therefore, the method of measuring the elongation of the chain through the chain length and a predetermined calculation using the chain elongation measuring device of the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

먼저, 고정체와 이동체를 체인의 내측 양단에 건다.First, the fixed body and the mobile body are fastened to both ends of the inner side of the chain.

손잡이 조작을 통한 나사봉을 이용하여 로드셀에서 측정한 값을 기준 장력값에 맞춘다.Adjust the value measured in the load cell to the reference tension value using the screw rod through the handle operation.

체인은 여러 개의 링크로 연결되어 있기 때문에 일정한 장력을 가하지 않으면 체인의 정확한 길이를 측정하기 어려우므로, 이때의 기준 장력값을 맞추는 과정은 매우 중요하다.Since the chain is connected by several links, it is difficult to measure the exact length of the chain without applying a constant tension. Therefore, the process of matching the reference tension value is very important.

이렇게 체인의 기준 장력값을 정확히 맞춘 상태에서 변위 측정기를 이용하여 이때의 체인 길이를 측정한다.In this way, the chain length is measured using a displacement measuring device while the reference tension value of the chain is exactly set.

체인 길이의 측정값을 얻으면 체인의 연신율 계산식을 이용하여 체인의 연신율을 계산한다.Once the measured chain length is obtained, the elongation of the chain is calculated using the elongation formula of the chain.

계산식은 다음과 같다.The calculation is as follows.

체인의 연신율 = (내구후 체인 길이 - 내구전 체인 길이)/내구전 체인 길이 ×100%Elongation of the chain = (durable chain length-durable chain length) / durable chain length × 100%

이와 같이 본 발명의 체인 연신율 측정장치를 사용하는 경우, 체인의 길이에 관계없이 측정이 가능하고, 기준 장력을 마음대로 조절할 수 있어 장력에 따른 체인의 길이 측정도 가능하며, 변위 측정기(정도: ±5㎛)를 이용하여 체인의 길이를 측정하기 때문에 정밀한 값을 얻을 수 있다.As described above, in the case of using the chain elongation measuring device of the present invention, it is possible to measure regardless of the length of the chain, the reference tension can be adjusted at will, so that the length of the chain can be measured according to the tension, and the displacement measuring instrument (accuracy: ± 5 Since the length of the chain is measured using the micrometer), precise values can be obtained.

이상에서와 같이 본 발명은 체인의 장력을 기준 장력값으로 조절한 상태에서 체인의 길이를 측정하는 방법으로 체인의 연신율을 측정하는 장치를 제공함으로써, 체인의 길이 및 이에 따른 연신율을 보다 정확하게 측정할 수 있는 장점이 있으며, 기준 장력의 조절이 가능하여 장력에 따른 체인 길이 측정도 가능한 장점이 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention provides a device for measuring the elongation of the chain by measuring the length of the chain in a state in which the tension of the chain is adjusted to a reference tension value, thereby more accurately measuring the length of the chain and the elongation accordingly. There is an advantage that can be adjusted, the reference tension can be adjusted, the chain length measurement according to the tension is an advantage.

Claims (1)

체인(20)의 내측 양단을 걸어줄 수 있으며 장력 조절을 위한 나사봉(30)에 의해 이동가능하게 조합되는 2개의 원통형 고정체(31) 및 이동체(32)와, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 연결되며 이것들의 움직임에 따른 장력변화를 측정하게 되는 로드셀(33)과, 상기 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 사이에 연결되는 동시에 이동체(32)와 연계적으로 조합되어 이동체(32)의 움직임에 따른 고정체(31)와 이동체(32) 간의 거리를 측정하게 되는 변위 측정기(34)를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체인 연신율 측정장치.Two cylindrical fixtures 31 and movable bodies 32 which can be hung on both ends of the chain 20 and are movably combined by a screw rod 30 for tension adjustment, and the fixtures 31 and The load cell 33 is connected between the moving body 32 and measures the tension change according to the movement thereof, and is connected between the fixed body 31 and the moving body 32 and combined with the moving body 32 at the same time. And a displacement measuring device (34) configured to measure a distance between the fixed body (31) and the mobile body (32) according to the movement of the mobile body (32).
KR1020000077135A 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Elongation measuring device for chain KR20020046797A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020000077135A KR20020046797A (en) 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Elongation measuring device for chain

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020000077135A KR20020046797A (en) 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Elongation measuring device for chain

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR20020046797A true KR20020046797A (en) 2002-06-21

Family

ID=27682310

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020000077135A KR20020046797A (en) 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Elongation measuring device for chain

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20020046797A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100507079B1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2005-08-09 현대자동차주식회사 Elongation rate testing device for chain
CN102840808A (en) * 2012-09-07 2012-12-26 天津台荣精密机械工业有限公司 Measuring device and working method thereof
KR101536849B1 (en) * 2011-05-17 2015-07-14 린다우어 도르니어 게젤샤프트 엠바하 Apparatus and method for measuring the stretch of a chain which circulates endlessly in the apparatus
KR20200007555A (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-22 (주)한국리멘모터스 Displacement measuring device for chain of vehicles
CN114034253A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-02-11 南通哈特铁链有限公司 Iron chain size delivery detection equipment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6141912A (en) * 1984-08-04 1986-02-28 Toyota Motor Corp Measuring device for hoop shape of driving belt for stepless speed change gear
JPH01165355U (en) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-20
JPH05118395A (en) * 1991-10-25 1993-05-14 Kiriyuu Kikai Kk Tension adjusting method for transmitting belt
JPH09160652A (en) * 1995-12-06 1997-06-20 Advantest Corp Moving distance correction method for belt driving mechanism and stepping motor driving device using the correction method
KR19980024210U (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-07-25 양재신 Automobile Belt Measuring Device
KR20020017078A (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 이중구 Device for controlling tension of chain

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6141912A (en) * 1984-08-04 1986-02-28 Toyota Motor Corp Measuring device for hoop shape of driving belt for stepless speed change gear
JPH01165355U (en) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-20
JPH05118395A (en) * 1991-10-25 1993-05-14 Kiriyuu Kikai Kk Tension adjusting method for transmitting belt
JPH09160652A (en) * 1995-12-06 1997-06-20 Advantest Corp Moving distance correction method for belt driving mechanism and stepping motor driving device using the correction method
KR19980024210U (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-07-25 양재신 Automobile Belt Measuring Device
KR20020017078A (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 이중구 Device for controlling tension of chain

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100507079B1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2005-08-09 현대자동차주식회사 Elongation rate testing device for chain
KR101536849B1 (en) * 2011-05-17 2015-07-14 린다우어 도르니어 게젤샤프트 엠바하 Apparatus and method for measuring the stretch of a chain which circulates endlessly in the apparatus
CN102840808A (en) * 2012-09-07 2012-12-26 天津台荣精密机械工业有限公司 Measuring device and working method thereof
KR20200007555A (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-22 (주)한국리멘모터스 Displacement measuring device for chain of vehicles
CN114034253A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-02-11 南通哈特铁链有限公司 Iron chain size delivery detection equipment
CN114034253B (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-03-08 南通哈特铁链有限公司 Iron chain size delivery detection equipment

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE275877T1 (en) SURGICAL INSTRUMENT FOR TENSIONING A CABLE-LIKE TENSIONING ELEMENT
ES2173119T3 (en) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING FLUID FLOW CHARACTERISTICS.
EP2204696A3 (en) Lithographic apparatus and method for calibrating the same
CN107941163A (en) A kind of fully distributed fiber coefficient of strain caliberating device and method
KR20020046797A (en) Elongation measuring device for chain
ATE330891T1 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING WEB TENSION
ES2102297B1 (en) PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE SQUARING OF BARS.
WO2005064410A3 (en) Lithographic apparatus and method of calibration
BR0109687A (en) Variable Amplification Screw Load Indicator Apparatus and Method of Manufacturing and Using the Apparatus
US5465501A (en) Gage with adjustable depth stops for measuring distance between two spaced surfaces
JP4713074B2 (en) Measuring method of transmission chain slack
CN201251534Y (en) Michelson comprehensive experimental instrument
KR100555144B1 (en) Gauge for measuring inside diameter of manufactured product
US6009633A (en) Caliper jig
KR20030010229A (en) A Extensometer for Large Diamter
RU2777696C1 (en) Device for measuring geometric parameters of box-section wheel centers
KR20200007555A (en) Displacement measuring device for chain of vehicles
DE60209933D1 (en) DYNAMOMETER AND RELATED EVALUATION METHOD
GB2280513A (en) Tape extensometer or convergence meter with tension measurement.
CN212658166U (en) Turner chain prestretching measuring device
KR200222835Y1 (en) Tension measurer
SU446734A1 (en) Method for measuring the size of gaps in hinges of bush-roller chains
RU2244258C1 (en) Method and device for calibration testing of pneumatic devices for measuring linear dimensions
KR100507079B1 (en) Elongation rate testing device for chain
RU2330237C1 (en) Device for measuring distance between hole centrelines in case works

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E601 Decision to refuse application