KR20020030074A - Safety arrangement against fires to retard, delay, control and extinguish a fire by means of humidification having water as basic extinguishing element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire safety device which can be used to delay, maintain, control and extinguish a fire by moisture means with water as the basic fire suppression element. The configuration of the present invention includes a portion formed of a metal or any similar resistive material provided with a water distribution pipe 6 having a distributor 7 connected to an assembly consisting of a partition wall or the like. The water distribution pipes 6 are communicated with each other by a connecting pipe 10 which is connected to the water supply pipe 5 at the same time. The connection pipe 10 between the water supply pipe 5 and the water distribution pipe 6 has an opening and closing solenoid valve 8 operated by a conventional fire, temperature or smoke detection means, in addition to a manually operated purge valve 9. Is placed.

Description

SAFETY ARRANGEMENT AGAINST FIRES TO RETARD, DELAY, CONTROL AND EXTINGUISH A FIRE BY MEANS OF HUMIDIFICATION HAVING WATER AS BASIC EXTINGUISHING ELEMENT}

Water is the cheapest, most abundant, and very good fire extinguishing agent most widely used for fire fighting.

Humans have always used water for this purpose, and virtually everyone can say that they know how to use it to extinguish a fire.

The strong extinguishing capacity of water is determined by a unique set of physical and chemical properties, including:

Stability, since water is a very stable compound that separates its atoms at about 1200 ° C.

Specific heat, 1 cal / g ° C.

-540 calories per gram is required to reach latent heat of vaporization and water vapor at 100 ° C.

-Vaporization expansion, 1 gram of water increases by about 1700 times its volume during vaporization, resulting in 1 liter of water is about 1700 liters of water vapor.

Due to this feature, water functions primarily as a digestive agent through cooling and oxygen blocking.

Considering the high specific heat of 1 gram of water, one calorie is absorbed to increase the temperature by 1 ° C. On the other hand, considering the high heat of vaporization, one gram of water absorbs more heat to become water vapor.

These two properties provide high cooling capacity, as a result of which water draws a large amount of heat from the fire to cool the material. Eventually, the temperature of the substances involved in the fire can be lowered, and the temperature lowered below the flash point.

Oxygen blocking is done by replacing the air surrounding the fire. As water becomes steam, as its volume increases, water replaces hot gases and even air, and because there is no oxygen, fire is extinguished by asphyxiation.

In some circumstances, water also acts to decompose flammable liquids, dramatically lowering their concentrations, and bringing the vapor-combustible air mixture to concentrations below the flash point.

Water has a very large fire extinguishing capacity, and the exact reason for this is unknown, but intuitively knows that water is the best factor in extinguishing a fire, even if it depends heavily on the technology used.

Those skilled in the art are aware of the existence and use of valves coupled to the water supply network and having a temperature sensing element, so that if the limit formed is exceeded, the valve opens, and the discharge valve is installed to extinguish a fire in the room where the discharge valve is installed on the ceiling. Water droplets fall vertically.

Nevertheless, one of ordinary skill in the art has, until now, used water as a basic fire extinguishing agent so that partitions or walls, floors or floor coverings, and ceilings are not predicted and impaired in their physical and mechanical quality, but in such a way that the partitions or walls, floors Or the presence of a fire safety device that can be made of materials with high hygroscopicity and capillary values that wet the floor cover and ceiling. This control can greatly prevent one of very large closures, such as damage to expensive equipment or items, as well as damage to rescued items, when large amounts of water are used indiscriminately during fire suppression.

The present invention is applied to the industrial field related to fire suppression, fire protection device that can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish the action of fire by moisture means with water (which may include additives) as a basic extinguishing agent. It is about. The function of wetting partitions or walls, floors or floor coverings and ceilings with water is performed by means of water sprinkler systems, taking into account spraying, dewing, oozing and similar processes. At the same time, the present invention utilizes the properties of some inorganic and natural and artificial materials, both natural and artificial, which absorb and release moisture depending on the surrounding environment, a property known as hygroscopic. The present invention also takes advantage of the capillary phenomenon, that is, the property of the solid that pulls and pulls up the liquid to the wall to some extent as in the case of water used in the present invention.

In addition to preventing the release of toxic or flammable gases, the present invention also does not reduce its stability, resistance and insulation where there is a flame, and in any form as individually as possible, both in mobile structures such as buildings and boats. Consider the fact that it must be able to be installed in a building.

1 shows a perspective view of the present invention with respect to a fire safety apparatus which can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish the action of fire by means of moisture as a basic extinguishing agent.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a piping configuration of a water sprinkler system including a water supply line, a distribution pipe, and a partition or wall to be wetted.

3 is a perspective view of the present invention for protecting the basic structure of one side of a building such as a brick wall to which a protective layer is added.

Figure 4 is a perspective view similar to the object shown in Figure 3, protecting the brick structure on both sides.

As suggested by the present invention, a fire safety device that can be applied to delay, maintain, control, and extinguish the action of fire by means of moisture as a basic fire suppression element conserves and protects structures and items in the surrounding area. It substantially satisfies the novelty in itself in related applications by presenting in general the many advantages not considered by a fire fighting system that uses water as the base material to extinguish fires with virtually no damage.

Fire safety devices that can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish the action of fire by moisture means, using water as the basic fire suppression element, use a U-shaped metal ring surrounding the partition or wall of the enclosure. The partition comprises two panels integral with the neighboring side of the plaster panel, together with a water supply pipe connected to two distribution pipes for injecting water into the plaster panel by means of distributor means. In addition, it has a wood center in which two plaster panels are arranged on either side of the wood core. The plaster panel, which is prepared in advance to absorb water quickly, is not only a manual purge valve as a safety means to periodically check the installation condition, but also to obtain the correct size and proper pressure of the hole. Computerized methods are used to drive the safety devices by means of an automated system consisting of one or several solenoid valves that open and close as required.

Incidentally, additives may be added to water in some cases.

The partitions or walls, floor or floor coverings, and ceilings can also be made from natural or artificial materials whose properties are similar to wood and plaster.

In essence, fire safety devices typically use artificial pressure to wet the material in a predicted and controlled manner by means of water sprinkler means, such as spraying, dewing, and exudation, until the fiber reaches the ideal humidity of saturation. It is constructed from materials with high hygroscopicity and capillary capability, using the partitions or walls, floors or floor coverings and ceilings constituting the enclosure to extinguish the fire from the outset.

In order to complete the present invention, the use of all types of fire detectors has been considered, among which smoke by photo cameras or video image means for detecting the smoke particles with a laser while simultaneously measuring the contrast of the enclosure protected by the present invention. Optics are used.

In order to supplement the above description and to better understand the features of the present invention, the following figures are attached for the purpose of mere illustration.

The figures, in particular FIG. 1, are inadvertent by moisture means, with water as the basic extinguishing agent, starting from outer walls, floors, ceilings, inner walls, etc., consisting of wood 4 with plasters 3, 3 'as outer layers. Representing the construction of a fire safety device that can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish action, the plaster is surrounded by an agglomerate sheet 2, 2 ′, in particular wood.

An inverted " U " shaped metal part, ie a bracket 1, can be arranged on top of five adjacent components. On the upper surface of the metal part there is a water distribution pipe 6 having an outlet for discharging water (which may be mixed with other products), i.e., a distributor 7, the metal bracket 1 described above. The humidifying parts 2, 2 ', 3, 3', 4 are fixed by this.

In order to obtain an adequate flow of water through the water distribution pipe 6, a connecting pipe 10 connects the water supply pipe 5 to the water distribution pipe 6. Opening and closing solenoid valve 8 and manual purge valve 9 which are automatically operated in a straight portion of the connecting pipe 10 is connected.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the installation indicating component groups 11 formed by partitions, walls, ceilings or similar structures to be wetted by safety devices. When a fire source is detected, the opening and closing solenoid valve is operated, and the water flowing through the distributor or injector gradually flows through the water distribution pipe 6 through the distributor or injector. Water flows through the connecting pipe 10 from 5) to the water distribution pipe 6.

FIG. 3 is one side or as shown in FIG. 4 formed by a plaster core 3 in which a brick wall 12 of a supporting structure or similar structure is covered by a single piece or any other wood by-product 2. It is shown how it can be protected by an outer layer forming a total cover 11 'which can be positioned on both sides.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope and advantages of the present invention may be better understood by the above description.

Changes to some materials, shapes, sizes, and configurations may be made unless changes to the nature of the invention are meant.

The terminology used herein is to be interpreted in the most comprehensive sense.

Claims (2)

Exterior walls constructed of or protected by a material with high hygroscopicity and capillary ability, which can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish the action of fire by means of moisture by means of water as a basic fire suppression element, In fire safety devices that can be applied to floors, ceilings and interior walls, A water distribution pipe 6 having a distributor 7 connected to a partition or similar structure is disposed and there is a portion formed of a material having the same resistance or other material on the top thereof, and the water distribution pipe 6 simultaneously serves as a water supply pipe ( 5 is coupled to a connection pipe 10 connected to the connection pipe 10 between the water supply pipe 5 and the water distribution pipe 6, in addition to a manually operated purge valve 9, a conventional fire detection method, Fire safety device, characterized in that provided with an opening and closing solenoid valve (8) operated by temperature or smoke. The water according to claim 1, wherein in the event of a fire, a product can be added to the water flowing through the water supply pipe 5 toward the water distribution pipe 6 to reduce or improve the efficacy of the water. A fire safety device which, as a basic fire suppression element, can be applied to delay, maintain, control and extinguish the action of fire by moisture means.