KR20020022344A - Diesel Particulate filter Using Ceramic Fibers - Google Patents

Diesel Particulate filter Using Ceramic Fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20020022344A
KR20020022344A KR1020000055085A KR20000055085A KR20020022344A KR 20020022344 A KR20020022344 A KR 20020022344A KR 1020000055085 A KR1020000055085 A KR 1020000055085A KR 20000055085 A KR20000055085 A KR 20000055085A KR 20020022344 A KR20020022344 A KR 20020022344A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
filter
filter medium
particulate matter
diesel particulate
pad
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Application number
KR1020000055085A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
홍민선
주용남
이동섭
최종인
김순태
문수호
이준한
양소희
김영제
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홍민선
주용남
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Priority to KR1020000055085A priority Critical patent/KR20020022344A/en
Publication of KR20020022344A publication Critical patent/KR20020022344A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0212—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with one or more perforated tubes surrounded by filtering material, e.g. filter candles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F01N13/1855—Mechanical joints the connection being realised by using bolts, screws, rivets or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/10—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for avoiding stress caused by expansions or contractions due to temperature variations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A diesel particulate filter filters pollutants which is affecting air pollution by using ceramic fiber. CONSTITUTION: A gas phase material and a particle phase material are introduced through a canister opening(1), and goes through a filter opening(10) of a canister body(3). The particle phase material is filtered by a filtering material(6) that is fixed between an inner tube(7) and an outer net(5), and discharged through a canister outlet(4). The filtering material is attached in pad type with ceramic blanket material having bulk type.

Description

세라믹 섬유를 이용한 디젤 입자상 물질 여과재 {Diesel Particulate filter Using Ceramic Fibers}Diesel Particulate Filter Using Ceramic Fibers

본 발명은 인체에 유해한 미립자의 입자상 물질을 배출하여 대도시 대기오염에 큰 영향을 미치는 디젤 자동차의 매연을 여과하는 장치에 사용되는 여과재로서, 재생시 열응력에 의한 파괴문제가 적고, 미세 입자에 대한 표집효율이 좋은 세라믹 섬유를 사용하였으며, 여과재 표면에 구멍을 뚫어 입자상물질의 축적으로 인한 급격한 차압의 상승을 방지하고 입자상물질이 여과재 전체로 골고루 포집되도록 하여 재생시 급격한 발화로 인한 시스템의 장애를 방지할 수 있는 여과재이다.The present invention is a filter medium used in the apparatus for filtering particulate matter of diesel vehicles that have a large effect on the air pollution of a large city by discharging particulate matter of harmful particles to the human body, and less destruction problem due to thermal stress during regeneration. Ceramic fibers with good sampling efficiency are used, and the surface of the filter medium is drilled to prevent the rapid increase in the differential pressure due to the accumulation of particulate matter and to ensure that the particulate matter is evenly collected throughout the filter medium to prevent system failure due to rapid ignition during regeneration. It can be a filter medium.

디젤 입자상물질 여과장치(Diesel Particulate Filter)에 사용되고 있는 필터는 허니컴 모노리스, 세라믹 화이버, 세라믹 폼, 크로스 플로우 방식등 여러 가지가 있으나 허니컴 모노리스와 세라믹 화이버가 가장 각광을 받고 있다.There are various filters used in diesel particulate filter, such as honeycomb monolith, ceramic fiber, ceramic foam, and cross flow method, but honeycomb monolith and ceramic fiber are the most popular.

세라믹 화이버를 이용한 디젤 입자상물질 여과장치는 허니컴 모노리스 필터에 비하여 미세입자에 대한 포집효율이 좋고, 재생시 열응력에 의한 파괴(Crack)의 문제가 적은 장점이 있다.Diesel particulate filter using a ceramic fiber has the advantage that the collection efficiency for the fine particles is better than the honeycomb monolith filter, there is less problem of cracking due to thermal stress during regeneration.

디젤 입자상물질 여과장치에 사용되는 세라믹 섬유형 여과재는 3M의 Fiber wound filter, HUG의 Fiber woven filter, 그리고 BUCK, OBERLAND의 Fiber knitted filter 등이 있다. 본 발명은 세라믹 섬유를 적층한 후, Needling Punching 하여 Bulk형으로 가공한 것을 사용하여 여과재의 구조를 변경후 사용한다.Ceramic fiber filter media used in diesel particulate filter include 3M fiber wound filter, HUG fiber woven filter, and BUCK, OBERLAND fiber knitted filter. The present invention is used after changing the structure of the filter medium by laminating the ceramic fiber, using a processed in a bulk type by needling punching.

본 발명은 기존의 세라믹 화이버를 이용한 디젤 입자상물질 여과장치와는 다른 세라믹 섬유의 구조를 가진다. 세라믹 섬유를 그대로 적층한 후 Needle Punching하여 Bulk형으로 가공한 제품으로 95%의 높은 기공율을 가지고 있어, 차압의 문제가 적다.The present invention has a structure of a ceramic fiber different from the diesel particulate filter using a conventional ceramic fiber. It is a product that is processed in bulk form by needle punching after laminating ceramic fiber as it is, and has high porosity of 95%, so there is little problem of differential pressure.

Deep bed filtration의 특성을 갖는 세라믹 섬유 여과재는 파인 세라믹스 여과재보다 미세입자에 대한 포집 효율이 좋으며, 섬유 하나하나가 포집 메커니즘을 수행하므로 표면적이 굉장히 넓다.Ceramic fiber filter media having the characteristics of deep bed filtration have better capture efficiency for fine particles than fine ceramic filter media, and the surface area is very wide because each fiber performs the collection mechanism.

본 발명은 여과재의 표면에 직경 2mm 정도의 구멍을 두께 25mm 여과재의 60% 되는 지점까지 만들어서 입자상물질을 함유한 배출가스의 흐름을 유도한다. 입자상물질은 여과재의 표면과 구멍의 깊은 곳에 대부분 포집되며 이렇게 포집된 입자상물질의 축적으로 인해 차압의 상승시 전기히터 또는 버너를 이용하여 재생을 시작한다.The present invention induces a flow of exhaust gas containing particulate matter by making a hole having a diameter of about 2mm on the surface of the filter medium to a point of 60% of the 25mm thick filter medium. Particulate matter is mostly collected on the surface of the filter medium and deep in the hole, and when the differential pressure increases due to the accumulation of the collected particulate matter, the regeneration is started using an electric heater or burner.

구멍으로 유도된 입자상물질의 포집은 여과재 전체면적을 입자상물질의 포집에 이용할 수 있으며, 포집 면적의 증가로 여과시간을 증대시킬 수 있다. 또한, 재생시 표면에 축적된 입자상물질의 급격한 발화로 인한 입자상물질 여과장치 시스템의 문제를 방지할 수 있다.The collection of particulate matter induced into the pores can utilize the total area of the filter medium to collect particulate matter, and can increase the filtration time by increasing the collection area. In addition, it is possible to prevent the problem of the particulate matter filtering system due to the rapid ignition of particulate matter accumulated on the surface during regeneration.

도 1은 여과장치의 전체를 2-D와 3-D로 나타낸 전체도1 is an overall view showing the entire filter in 2-D and 3-D

도 2는 측면에 부착하는 여과재에 대한 단면도와 부착시의 모습을 나타낸 단면도.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the filter medium attached to the side and the state at the time of attachment.

도 3은 끝면에 부착하는 여과재에 대한 단면도와 부착위치를 나타낸 단면도Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional view and the attachment position of the filter medium attached to the end surface

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

2. 여과장치 5. 스테인레스 외부망2. Filter 5. Stainless outer net

6. 측면 여과재 7. 다공성 내부관(측면)6. Side filter media 7. Porous inner tube (side)

9. 끝면 여과재 10. 여과장치 입구9. End face filter media 10. Filter inlet

14. 측면 여과재 개체 21. 끝면 여과재 개체14. Side filter media object 21. End filter media object

26. 고정볼트 27. 끝면 여과재 하우징26. Fixing bolt 27. End filter media housing

28. 다공성 내부관 (끝면)28. Porous inner tube (end face)

이하 발명의 요지를 첨부된 도면에 연계시켜 그 구성과 작용효과를 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the configuration and the effect of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1.은 입자상물질 저감장치의 전체적인 개략도로서 2-D와 3-D로 캐니스터 내부의 다공성 내부관과 여과재, 외부 스테인레스 망의 구조를 설명한 것이다.Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall particulate reduction device in 2-D and 3-D illustrating the structure of the porous inner tube, the filter medium, the outer stainless steel network inside the canister.

디젤 엔진으로부터 배출되는 가스상 물질과 입자상물질은 캐니스터 입구(1)를 통해 유입되어 캐니스터 본체(3) 내의 여과장치 입구(10)를 지난다. 입자상물질은 Heating 장치의 적용이 가능한 내부관(7)과 외부망(5)사이에 고정되어 있는 여과재(6)를 지나면서 여과된 후, 캐니스터 출구(4)를 통해 배출된다.The gaseous and particulate matter discharged from the diesel engine enters through the canister inlet 1 and passes through the filter inlet 10 in the canister body 3. The particulate matter is filtered while passing through the filter medium (6) fixed between the inner tube (7) and the outer network (5) that can be applied to the heating device, and is discharged through the canister outlet (4).

도 2.는 내부관 측면 4개의 여과재의 단면도와 장착모습을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view and mounting appearance of the four filter media on the inner tube side.

두께 25mm 정도인 여과재(14)의 표면에 직경 2mm 정도의 구멍(11)(15)을 여과재 두께의 60%지점까지 만들어서 구멍내부로 배출가스의 흐름을 유도하여 입자상물질을 포집한다. 입자상물질의 대부분은 여과재의 표면(17)과 구멍끝(16)에 포집이 되어 여과재 전체적으로 볼 때 전체에 골고루 분포된다. 여과재 자체는 세라믹 섬유를 적층하여 고정한 것이므로 매우 유연하다. 디젤 엔진 배출가스의 큰 유량과 입자상물질의 퇴적으로 인한 차압증가로 인해 각 여과재의 연결부분으로 새는 것을 막기 위해 각 측면 여과재는 한쪽 끝에 굴곡(12)을 주어 연결을 긴밀하게 한다. 측면 여과재 4개의 연결부위(20)의 안쪽은 다공성 내부관(19)이, 바깥쪽은 스테인레스 외부망(18)이 여과재의 외곽(13)(13')을 고정시켜 여과를 수행한다.Holes 11 and 15 having a diameter of about 2 mm on the surface of the filter medium 14 having a thickness of about 25 mm are made up to 60% of the thickness of the filter medium to induce the flow of exhaust gas into the holes to collect particulate matter. Most of the particulate matter is collected on the surface 17 and the hole end 16 of the filter medium and evenly distributed throughout the filter medium. The filter material itself is very flexible because it is a laminated and fixed ceramic fiber. Each side filter media has a bend 12 at one end to close the connection in order to prevent leakage at the connection of each filter media due to the large flow rate of diesel engine exhaust and the differential pressure due to the deposition of particulate matter. The inner side of the four connection portions 20 of the side filter medium is a porous inner tube 19, the outer side of the stainless steel outer mesh 18 is fixed to the outside (13, 13 ') of the filter medium to perform the filtration.

도 3.은 5면의 여과재 중 가스흐름 끝면의 정사각형 여과재의 단면도와 설치위치를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view and the installation position of the square filter medium of the gas flow end surface of the five filter medium.

여과재의 구조는 도 2.의 구조와 동일하며, 끝면의 사각형의 틀(27)에 여과재를 부착하여 내부관의 끝면(28)과 밀착시킨 후, 그 외부를 8개의 고정볼트(26)로 스테인레스 외부망을 고정시킨다.The structure of the filter medium is the same as that of FIG. 2. The filter medium is attached to the rectangular frame 27 of the end face and closely attached to the end face 28 of the inner tube, and then the outside is made of stainless steel with eight fixing bolts 26. Fix the external network.

본 발명은 미세입자에 대한 포집효율이 좋고, 재생시 열응력에 의한 파손의 염려가 적은 세라믹 섬유를 이용하여 디젤 입자상물질을 여과하는 장치에 사용되는 여과재를 설계한 것이다. 각 여과재가 조립식으로 되어 있으므로 부분교환이 가능하여 경제적이라 할 수 있으며, 여과재 표면의 미세 구멍으로 인해 입자상물질의 포집면적이 증대되고 여과재 전체로의 포집을 유도할 수 있어 재생시 급격한 발화로 인한 시스템의 문제를 줄일 수 있다.The present invention is designed a filter medium used in the apparatus for filtering diesel particulate matter by using a ceramic fiber having a high collection efficiency for fine particles, and less likely to damage due to thermal stress during regeneration. Since each filter material is prefabricated, it can be exchanged partly and economically.The micropore on the surface of the filter medium increases the collection area of particulate matter and induces the collection of the whole filter medium. Can reduce the problem.

Claims (4)

디젤차 배기가스중의 입자상물질을 제거하기 위한 장치에 장착되는 여과재로, 세라믹 섬유를 적층하여 Bulk형으로 가공된 95%의 기공율을 가지는 세라믹 Blanket 같은 재료를 패드형으로 부착하여 사용하는 것을 특징을 하는 여과재A filter material mounted on an apparatus for removing particulate matter from diesel exhaust gas, characterized by using a pad-like material such as a ceramic blanket having a porosity of 95% processed in a bulk form by laminating ceramic fibers. Filter media 제 1항에 있어서, 사용되는 패드형 여과재의 표면을 직경 2mm 정도의 구멍을 여과재 두께의 60% 지점까지 만들어서 입자상물질을 함유한 배기가스의 흐름을 유도하고, 입자상물질의 여과면적을 높이며, 엔진 역압의 상승을 지연시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 여과재The method of claim 1, wherein the surface of the pad-type filter medium to be used to make a hole about 2mm in diameter to 60% of the thickness of the filter medium to induce the flow of exhaust gas containing particulate matter, increase the filter area of the particulate matter, the engine A filter medium characterized by delaying an increase in back pressure 제 1항에 있어서, 여과재는 장기운전으로 인한 필터의 파손시 교환이 쉽도록 측면 4면과 끝면 1면의 패드형으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 여과재The filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium has a pad shape having four side surfaces and one end surface so as to be easily replaced when the filter is damaged due to long-term operation. 제 3항에 있어서, 4개의 측면 여과재는 맞물리는 부분의 새는 것을 방지하기 위하여 각 여과재의 한쪽 끝에 'ㄴ'자형의 굴곡을 주어 연결을 긴밀하게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여과재4. The filter medium according to claim 3, wherein the four side filter media are provided with 'b' shaped bends at one end of each filter media to prevent leakage of the interlocking portion to close the connection.
KR1020000055085A 2000-09-20 2000-09-20 Diesel Particulate filter Using Ceramic Fibers KR20020022344A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR890003595A (en) * 1987-08-04 1989-04-15 하시우찌 겐이찌 Package body, its molding method and packaging device
JPH06241017A (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-30 Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd Trap filter device for particulate
KR950001772A (en) * 1993-06-18 1995-01-03 세키자와 다다시 Semiconductor memory
JPH07189679A (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-28 Ibiden Co Ltd Mounting method for exhaust emission control converter heat insulating seal member for automobile
KR19990040246U (en) * 1998-04-22 1999-11-25 배길훈 Buffer material of ceramic filter for diesel engine exhaust gas purifier.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR890003595A (en) * 1987-08-04 1989-04-15 하시우찌 겐이찌 Package body, its molding method and packaging device
JPH06241017A (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-30 Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd Trap filter device for particulate
KR950001772A (en) * 1993-06-18 1995-01-03 세키자와 다다시 Semiconductor memory
JPH07189679A (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-28 Ibiden Co Ltd Mounting method for exhaust emission control converter heat insulating seal member for automobile
KR19990040246U (en) * 1998-04-22 1999-11-25 배길훈 Buffer material of ceramic filter for diesel engine exhaust gas purifier.

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