KR20020013085A - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat pump system is provided to utilize the heat source in an efficient manner and simplify the structure, while reducing installation space and energy consumption and cost. CONSTITUTION: A heat pump system comprises a refrigerant circuit(1) formed by sequentially connecting a compressor(2), a four-way valve(3), a first heat exchanger(4), expansion valves(5,6), a second heat exchanger(7) and the four-way valve, through conduit pipes(8a to 8d), wherein the four-way valve and the compressor are connected through an inlet pipe(9); a third heat exchanger(10) for connecting a first bypass pipe(11) to the conduit pipe(8c) and a second conduit pipe(12) having a liquid receiver(13) to the first bypass pipe and the conduit pipe(8c), wherein the third heat exchanger is installed to the second conduit pipe; a fourth heat exchanger(14) for connecting a second bypass pipe(15) to the second conduit pipe, and which is installed to a third conduit pipe(16) connected to the second bypass pipe and the conduit pipe(8b), wherein the third conduit pipe has an expansion valve(17); and an evaporation promoting unit(19) having an absorbing heat exchanger(20) incorporated into the liquid receiver, and a heating heat exchanger(21) arranged between third and fourth heat exchangers, wherein the evaporation promotion unit is connected through a circulation pipe(22) having a pump(23) so as to form a closed circuit.

Description

Heat Pump System {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a heat pump system.

As is well known, the heat pump system connects a compressor, a four-way valve, a first heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger), a receiver, an expansion valve, a second heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger), and the four-way valve in sequence with a conduit. The four-way valve and the compressor are connected to the suction conduit to operate the four-way valve to flow the refrigerant to the first heat exchanger during the heating operation. Heats the heat exchanger and heats the condensation heat with the fluid to generate hot water or heat indoor air to perform heating or drying of the building.The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger is temporarily transferred to the receiver. After being stored and expanded in the expansion valve, the second heat exchanger acting as an evaporator evaporates the outside air as a heat source to form a gas of low temperature and low pressure. To repeat the inhalation cycle.

During the cooling operation, the four-way valve is operated so that the refrigerant flows to the second heat exchanger side to condense the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor in a second heat exchanger that acts as a condenser. The liquid is temporarily stored in the receiver and inflated in the expansion valve and then exchanged with the fluid in the first heat exchanger acting as an evaporator to generate cold water or to cool the indoor air to perform cooling or refrigeration of the stored object, and evaporate. The cycle where the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor is repeated.

On the other hand, the heat pump system is a heat source in the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation, when the coolant liquid is evaporated when the coolant liquid is low, the evaporation of the coolant liquid is not good, the heating capacity is significantly reduced, so the compressor Many efforts have been made to promote the evaporation of the refrigerant gas to be sucked.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4918927 discloses two indoor heat exchangers in a refrigerant circuit, and during cooling operation, one of them acts as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant and one to close the heating operation. The city discloses heating of indoor air by making both indoor heat exchangers act as condensers. Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5445949 discloses a refrigerant heater in a heating circuit to serve as an evaporator during heating operation. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor is condensed and liquefied in the indoor heat exchanger to heat the room, and the heating capacity is lowered even when the outside temperature is low by evaporating the refrigerant liquid decompressed in the heating pressure reducing mechanism in the refrigerant heater. The inventors of the present invention also disclose that a compressor, a conversion valve, and an indoor A refrigerant circuit in which a heat exchanger, a cooling pressure reducing device, a heating pressure reducing device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected to a first conduit and a refrigerant gas suction pipe, comprising: a first heat exchanger provided between the indoor heat exchanger of the first conduit and the pressure reducing device for heating; A second heat exchanger is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the conversion valve of the first conduit so as to be positioned above the first heat exchanger, and is connected to the connection pipe in which the first heat exchanger and the valve are installed to form a closed circuit. Patent No. 1344 filed for promoting the evaporation of refrigerant liquid and refrigerant gas flowing into a compressor by filling the first and second heat exchangers with a working fluid and using the refrigerant liquid condensed in the indoor heat exchanger as a heat source. I have.

However, the heat pump system uses only the heat of condensation or the heat of evaporation of the first heat exchanger, and only the heating or cooling operation of the fluid by discarding the heat of evaporation or the heat of condensation of the second heat exchanger, thereby making it impossible to efficiently use a heat source and heating the fluid. When the function and cooling function must be performed at the same time, two heat pump systems must be installed, resulting in a complicated structure, a large installation area, and an excessive cost.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4918927 among the evaporation promoting means of refrigerant gas uses a heat source of a compressor when heating and heating indoor air in two indoor heat exchangers serving as condensers. Since the installation cost and maintenance costs are high, and the volume of the indoor heat exchanger installed in the room becomes large, it occupies a large occupied area of the room, which limits the utilization of the indoor space.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 5445945, which is designed to use a refrigerant heater as an evaporator during heating operation, does not describe specific technical means of the refrigerant heater, so the volume of the evaporator is small and easy to install. Since the use of heat transfer is inevitable, maintenance costs are inevitably high, and the applicant of the present invention also has a problem in that the structure is complicated and the maintenance cost is high because the auxiliary heating means must be used in a cold season.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a heat pump system capable of efficiently utilizing a heat source, simplifying a structure, and occupying a small installation area by simultaneously or selectively performing heating and cooling functions in a single system. It aims to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system capable of maintaining a good heating capability even when the outside air temperature is low.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compressor (2), a four-way valve (3), a first heat exchanger (4), an expansion valve (5) (6), a second heat exchanger (7) and the four rooms A basic refrigerant circuit (1) connecting the valve (3) in order to conduits (8a to 8d) and connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9); The first bypass conduit 11 is connected to the conduit 8c and the second conduit 12 having the receiver 13 installed at the first bypass conduit 11 and the conduit 8c. A third heat exchanger (10) installed at the second conduit (12); A third conduit connected with the second bypass conduit 15 to the second conduit 12 and connected to the second bypass conduit 15 and the conduit 8b and provided with an expansion valve 17; A fourth heat exchanger (14) installed in the 16); The endothermic heat exchanger 20 is built in the receiver 13 and the heat exchanger 21 is formed in the fourth heat exchanger 14 to vacuum-fill the heat medium and to install the pump 23. The circulation conduit 22 is composed of an evaporation promoting means 19 connected to form a closed circuit.

1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view of principal parts of a second embodiment of the present invention;

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

2: compressor 3: four-way valve 4, 7, 10, 14: heat exchanger

13: receiver 19: evaporation promoting means 20: endothermic heat exchanger

21: heating heat exchanger

1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention, reference numeral 1 denotes a basic refrigerant circuit, and the basic refrigerant circuit 1 includes a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, a first heat exchanger 4, Expansion valve (5) (6), the second heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve (3) in order to the conduit (8a to 8d) in order to connect the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) Connected to the suction conduit (9), the first and second heat exchangers (4) (7) are intended to dry or refrigerate a water tank that generates cold and hot water, a room to be cooled and heated, a dry object or a to-be-cold object. It is installed in a warehouse to act simultaneously or selectively as a condenser and an evaporator.

10 is a third heat exchanger, wherein the third heat exchanger 10 connects the first bypass conduit 11 to the conduit 8c and simultaneously opens to the first bypass conduit 11 in opposite directions. A second valve in which the receiver 13 is installed in the conduit 8c between the check valves 111 and 112 and the connection portion of the first bypass conduit 11. The conduit 12 is connected and installed in the second conduit 12 so as to be exposed to the atmosphere.

14 is a fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger 14 connects the second bypass conduit 15 to the second conduit 12 to connect the second bypass conduit 15 and the conduit 8b. ) By connecting the third conduit 16 having the expansion valve 17 to the third conduit 16 so as to be exposed to the atmosphere to act as a condenser or evaporator. And the fourth conduit 18 is connected to the third conduit 16 and the conduit 8d.

19 is an evaporation promoting means, wherein the evaporation promoting means 19 incorporates an endothermic heat exchanger 20 inside the receiver 13 and simultaneously between the third and fourth heat exchangers 10 and 14. The heat exchanger 21 is installed to fill a heating medium such as aqueous calcium chloride solution, sodium chloride solution, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and the like, and the endothermic heat exchanger 20 and the heat exchanger 21 are provided with a pump 23. The circulation conduit 22 is to be connected to form a closed circuit.

Reference numerals 24 to 31 are valves, 32 to 34 are check valves, and 35 is a fan.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of main parts of a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted, and the first embodiment is different from the fourth heat exchanger 14. The heating heat exchangers 21 are formed in contact with each other, but the second embodiment is formed by a double tube heat exchanger, and there is only a difference in that the fourth heat exchanger 14 is installed inside the heating heat exchanger 21.

The following operations are explained by function.

1. Simultaneous heating and cooling operation

end. The heating operation of the first heat exchanger 4 and the cooling operation of the second heat exchanger 7 operate the four-way valve 3 so that the refrigerant flows in the solid line of the arrow, and the valves 24, 26, 27 are opened. When the compressor 2 is driven (other valves are closed), the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor is condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 acting as a condenser, and the heat of condensation is exchanged with water or air as a fluid. To generate hot water or to heat indoor air to perform heating or drying of the dried product, and the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 is the check valve 32 and the first bypass. After the condensate 11 and the second conduit 12 enter the third heat exchanger 10 serving as the second condenser, the refrigerant liquid which has not been condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 is recondensed. 12) a second heat exchanger which expands in the expansion valve 6 via the receiver 13 and the conduit 8c and then acts as an evaporator (7) heats and evaporates heat and evaporate the fluid to generate cold water by the heat of evaporation, or to cool the indoor air to perform cooling or cooling of the refrigerated object, and the evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas is conduit (8d), The cycle in which the compressor 2 is sucked through the four-way valve 3 and the suction conduit 9 is repeated. During this operation, the function of the fourth heat exchanger 14 is stopped and the evaporation promoting means 19 is provided. The function of also stops because the pump 23 does not drive.

I. Cooling operation of the first heat exchanger 4 and heating operation of the second heat exchanger 7

The four-way valve 3 operates the refrigerant to flow in the dotted line of the arrow, and opens the valves 27, 25 and 24 (other valves are closed). Refrigerant gas condenses in the second heat exchanger (7) acting as a condenser and performs a heating function by exchanging heat of the condensation with the fluid, and check valve (33), first bypass conduit (11), and second conduit. (3) flows into a third heat exchanger (10) which acts as a second condenser and is recondensed by the atmosphere and is expanded through a conduit (12), a receiver (13) and a conduit (8c). After the expansion of the inlet to the first heat exchanger (4) is evaporated to exchange heat with the fluid to perform a cooling function, the evaporated low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is the conduit (8b), four-way valve (3), suction conduit The cycle sucked into the compressor 2 is repeated via (9). During this operation, the function of the fourth heat exchanger 14 is stopped. Function of evaporation promoting means 19 to stop also because it does not drive the pump 23.

2. The heating operation or the cooling operation of only the first heat exchanger 4 is performed.

end. Heating operation only for the first heat exchanger 4

In this case, the functions of the second heat exchanger 7 and the evaporation promoting means 19 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrow line and the valves 24, 28, 30 are operated. When the compressor (2) is opened (other valves are closed) and the compressor (2) is driven, the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor (2) is condensed in the first heat exchanger (4) acting as a condenser, and the heat of condensation A third heat exchanger which performs a heating function by exchanging heat, and the refrigerant liquid condensed in the first heat exchanger 4 acts as a second condenser via the check valve 32 and the conduits 8c, 11 and 12; (10) is recondensed by the atmosphere and expanded in the expansion valve (17) via the receiver (13) and the second bypass conduit (15) and then evaporated by the atmosphere in the fourth heat exchanger (14). The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas evaporated is sucked into the compressor 2 via the third conduit 16, the fourth conduit 18, and the conduit 8d. To clothing.

I. Cooling operation only for the first heat exchanger 4

In this operation, the functions of the second heat exchanger 7, the third heat exchanger 10, and the evaporation promoting means 19 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow. When the compressor 2 is driven after opening (30, 31, 25, 24) (other valves are closed), the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor (2) is conduit (8d) (18). In the fourth heat exchanger 14 which acts as a condenser via 16, it is condensed by the atmosphere and the refrigerant liquid is check valve 34, conduit 15, 12, receiver 13, conduit 8c. After the expansion through the expansion valve (5) through the heat exchanger with the fluid in the first heat exchanger (4) acting as an evaporator to perform a cooling function, the evaporated low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor (2) Is to repeat the cycle.

3. The heating operation or the cooling operation of only the second heat exchanger 7 is performed.

end. Heating operation only for the second heat exchanger 7

In this operation, the functions of the first heat exchanger 4 and the evaporation promoting means 19 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the dotted line of the arrow and the valves 27, 28 and 29 ) Is opened (other valves are closed), and when the compressor 2 is driven, the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 2 is condensed in the second heat exchanger 7, which acts as a condenser, and the heat of condensation is fluidized. And a third heat exchanger which performs a heating function, and the refrigerant liquid condensed in the second heat exchanger 7 acts as a second condenser via the check valve 33 and the first bypass conduit 11. 10) recondensed by the atmosphere and expanded in the expansion valve (17) via the conduit (12), receiver (13), conduit (15) and then evaporated by the atmosphere in the fourth heat exchanger (14). The evaporated low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas repeats the cycle of being sucked into the compressor 2 via the conduits 16 and 8b.

I. Cooling operation only for the second heat exchanger 7

In this operation, the functions of the first heat exchanger 4, the third heat exchanger 10, and the evaporation promoting means 19 are stopped, and the four-way valve 3 is operated so that the refrigerant flows in the solid arrows. (29) (31) (26) and (27) are opened (other valves are closed) and the compressor (2) is driven. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor (2) is conduit (8b) (16). In the fourth heat exchanger 14 which acts as a condenser via the air, the refrigerant liquid is condensed by the atmosphere, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant liquid is the check valve 34, the conduit 15, 12, the receiver 13, and the conduit 8c. After expansion in the expansion valve (6) through the e) through the second heat exchanger (7) and evaporated to exchange heat with the fluid to perform the cooling function, the evaporated low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas via the conduit (8d) It is sucked into the compressor 2.

4. Evaporation promotion operation

1 (heating operation or cooling operation of the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 7), 2 (heating operation or cooling operation of the first heat exchanger 4 only), and 3 (second heat exchanger). The first liquid heat exchanger 4 and the second refrigerant liquid condensed in the third heat exchanger 10 during the operation of the heating operation or the cooling operation only of the machine 7 act as an evaporator via the receiver 13. The heat exchanger 7 and the fourth heat exchanger 14 are selectively flowed. Accordingly, when the endothermic heat exchanger 26 is heated by the heat of retention of the refrigerant liquid in the receiver 13 when the outside air temperature is low during the heating operation of 1 to 3, the refrigerant in the receiver 13 is heated. As the temperature of the liquid decreases, evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the first heat exchanger 4, the second heat exchanger 7, and the fourth heat exchanger 14 is good, and the retention of the refrigerant liquid in the receiver 13 is good. The heat medium heated in the endothermic heat exchanger 20 by heat forms a circulating cycle of the endothermic heat exchanger 20 and the heat exchanger 21. As described above, when the heat medium circulates the endothermic heat exchanger 21, In the first embodiment, the fan 35 is driven to radiate the heat of the endothermic heat exchanger 20 to the fourth heat exchanger 14. In the second embodiment, the heat of the heat medium and the refrigerant liquid in the fourth heat exchanger 14. By this heat exchange, evaporation of the refrigerant liquid flowing through the fourth heat exchanger 14 becomes satisfactory.

As described above, when the coolant liquid in the first heat exchanger 4, the second heat exchanger 7, and the fourth heat exchanger 14 is well evaporated, the dried or superheated refrigerant vapor becomes the dried and superheated refrigerant. Since steam is sucked into the compressor 2, even when the outside air temperature is low, the heating capacity is not lowered, and the wet compression of the compressor 2 is prevented, thereby ensuring reliability.

In addition, the fourth heat exchanger 14 installed by exposing to the atmosphere during the divalent and trivalent operation functions as an evaporator, and during this operation, the heat of condensation of the third heat exchanger 10 which functions as the second condenser is acted on. By additionally supplying to the fourth heat exchanger 14, the evaporation of the fourth heat exchanger 14 is promoted, and frost and dew are not generated.

As described above, the present invention can save energy because the first and second heat exchangers simultaneously or selectively perform the heating and cooling functions to efficiently use the heat source, simplify the structure, and occupy a small installation area. And cost savings.

The endothermic heat exchanger is built in the receiver and the heat exchanger in which the endothermic heat exchanger and the closed circuit are formed is in contact with the fourth heat exchanger or the heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are formed as a double heat exchanger so that the refrigerant liquid in the receiver when the outside air temperature is low. The temperature is lowered and supplied to the heat exchanger acting as an evaporator. The endothermic heat is lowered because the refrigerant liquid in the heat exchanger acting as the evaporator is good because the endothermic heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the refrigerant liquid and dissipates it to the fourth heat exchanger. Even when the saturation or superheated refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor to maintain a good heating capacity and to prevent the wet compression of the compressor to ensure reliability.

Claims (3)

The compressor (2), four-way valve (3), the first heat exchanger (4), the expansion valve (5) (6), the second heat exchanger (7) and the four-way valve (3) conduit (8a-8d) A basic refrigerant circuit (1) connecting the four-way valve (3) and the compressor (2) to the suction conduit (9); The first bypass conduit 11 is connected to the conduit 8c and the second conduit 12 having the receiver 13 installed at the first bypass conduit 11 and the conduit 8c. A third heat exchanger (10) installed at the second conduit (12); A third conduit connected with the second bypass conduit 15 to the second conduit 12 and connected to the second bypass conduit 15 and the conduit 8b and provided with an expansion valve 17; A fourth heat exchanger (14) installed in the 16); The endothermic heat exchanger (20) is embedded in the receiver (13), and the heat exchanger (21) is formed in the fourth heat exchanger (14) to fill the heating medium and at the same time install the pump (23). Heat pump system consisting of evaporation promoting means (19) connected to form a closed circuit by the circulation conduit (22). The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the fourth heat exchanger and the heating heat exchanger are formed in contact with each other. The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the fourth heat exchanger and the heat exchanger are formed of a double heat exchanger.