KR20020005864A - The Methods and Equipments with Foam Floatation and Biofilm for Polluted Stream or Lake Control - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for purifying polluted stream and lake using air flotation and biofilm is provided, which is characterized in that surfactant, heavy metals, suspended solids, and organics are floated by air bubble. Then, foam produced by air bubble is eliminated to remove above contaminants. By air injection into stream, dissolved oxygen concentration for natural purification is increased, and biofilm formed on the surface of micro media decompose organic by aerobic bacteria. CONSTITUTION: The equipment for purifying polluted stream and lake consists of aerating means and foam-removing means. The aerating means includes a surface aerator(2); and a means(5) for floating the surface aerator. The foam-removing means includes a means(6) for floating the foam-removing means; a U-shaped pathway(12); a nozzle(15) and a pipe(16) for spraying defoaming agent on the pathway(12) for collapsing foam; and a basin(14) for storing collapsed foam. The media for attached-growth of aerobic microorganism(21) is suspended by a floating device(6).

Description

Method and Equipments with Foam Floatation and Biofilm for Polluted Stream or Lake Control}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for purifying polluted water systems such as lakes and streams in which water quality is contaminated. Surfactants such as detergents dissolved in water by removing bubbles generated by installing and operating aeration means in lakes or streams In addition, contaminants such as heavy metals, suspended solids, and organics are removed together with the foam, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is increased to increase the natural purification ability, while directly purifying the contaminated water system by the action of microorganisms attached to the biofilm carrier. A method and apparatus are provided.

Sewage facilities that collect and treat domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are continuously being expanded and distributed in Korea, and pollution of rivers, lakes and oceans is being improved. However, most of the river water quality has not been sufficiently improved due to leakage of sewage and drainage pipes from untreated areas and inflow of pollutants from nonpoint sources. In particular, in the case of the stream near the city, odors are generated by polluted by living sewage discharged from upper-class entertainment facilities and unauthorized restaurants, and a lot of bubbles are generated in places where there is a drop.

Maintaining and improving the quality of streams and lakes can be categorized as either blocking the introduction of pollutants or directly purifying polluted streams and lakes. Among them, the contaminated water system is directly purified, and conventionally, aeration device is installed or a drop is generated in the stream to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration to increase the self-cleaning ability, and divide a certain storage space in the river and fill the crushed stone with this space. There was a method of removing organic pollutants by using the decomposition ability of biofilms that grow and adhere to the crushed stone.

However, the oxygen supply by aeration device is limited to increase the self-cleaning ability by supplying dissolved oxygen, and the biofilm growth method using crushed stone is difficult to maintain because the image is closed by the sediment and it is difficult to maintain the biofilm. It has a small surface area and is mainly limited to the removal of organic pollutants. As described above, in the related art, hardly decomposable organic substances such as milk fat and detergent, heavy metals, etc. are hardly removable and defects such as image closure are a big problem.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, by installing and operating the aeration means in the contaminated water system so that bubbles are generated, the contaminants are concentrated on the interface to remove the bubbles floating on the surface of the defoam means It removes pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, heavy metals, etc., along with surfactants such as detergents dissolved in the water, while biofilm carriers function to decompose pollutants by proliferating microbes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for cleaning a contaminated water system by suspension.

In the present invention, the flotation separation method of the foam used as the purification method of the contaminated water system has a floating beneficiation method for separating and separating the powder of metals having a high affinity with a surfactant among them by crushing minerals, and the principle and action thereof. Similarly, the inventors focused on the fact that surfactants are contained in living sewage and polluted rivers.

Synthetic detergents are also widely used for washing and dish washing. Synthetic detergents are soluble, degradable materials with slow decomposition rate and high surface activity, which adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem. In addition, almost all organic pollutants in the dissolved state have a high surface activity, and thus, a large amount of bubbles are generated when the contaminated water having a high surface activity is abandoned or stirred. Therefore, the higher the pollution level of the water system, the greater the amount of foaming, the greater the amount of pollutants that can be removed through the foam, and the greater the amount of dissolved oxygen for midnight cleaning of the polluted water system.

In the present invention, in order to provide a method and apparatus for directly purifying the contaminated water system, the aeration means, the bubble removing means, and the biofilm carrier are constituted, and the aeration means for generating bubbles and at the same time increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration. It is composed of surface aeration device, underwater aeration device, natural or artificial water flow drop, or a combination of diffuser and blower.

In addition, the bubble removing means for removing the bubbles generated by the aeration means is provided with a U-shaped channel or a baffle on the surface of the bubble collecting device, or a bubble suction port for sucking the bubbles and a vacuum pump that can form a negative pressure; A negative pressure generator such as an ear was connected and combined with a duct for conveying bubbles.

Biofilm carriers that proliferate on microorganisms to purify organic contaminants biologically include rope, ciliated, nonwoven fabrics, and scrubber-like fibrous or biofilm carriers linearly connected to ceramic carriers, foamed resins, synthetic resin injections, and wood chips. By supporting the suspended means such as the foamed resin suspended or suspended in the water surface, the problem of the closing of the filter is solved, do not impede the flow of the river, it is configured to increase the purification ability by maintaining a large amount of biofilm.

Contaminants contained in the removed foam can be applied to a variety of pore treatment techniques, and since the decomposable organic matter requires a lot of time to decompose, in the present invention, the foam or foam stabilized liquid collected in the water system Primary oxidation with an oxidizing agent such as H ₂ O ₂ , which is catalyzed by O ₃ or Fe ⁺² , converts the hardly decomposable organic substance contained in the foam into a degradable organic substance, and the degradable organic substance is activated sludge. It can be finally decomposed by biological wastewater treatment facilities such as processes or biological methods using plants in swamps, and various forms of processes including physicochemical processes to remove heavy metals can be added before and after the oxidation process. Applicable

1 is a schematic plan view of a purification method and apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 and 3 are schematic plan views of a second embodiment of the purification method and apparatus according to the present invention.

Cross-section,

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a purification method and apparatus according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1: diffuser 2: surface aeration device

3: blower 4: flexible pipe

5, 6: floating means 11: baffle

12: U-shaped tube 13: Bubble collecting means

14: storage tank 10: small nozzle

16: defoaming water pipe 17: bubble suction nozzle

18: bubble transfer duct 21: biofilm carrier

22: tangle prevention means

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of a method and apparatus for purifying a contaminated water system according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the aeration means is constituted by a combination device of the diffuser 1 and the blower 3, and the diffuser is provided with a floating means 5 composed of a foamed resin or an empty container, and the blower and the diffuser The connecting pipe is comprised by the flexible pipe 4. Therefore, even when the water level of the water system is changed as in the flood level and the low water level, the depth of the diffuser becomes constant from the water surface, so that the pressure load acting on the blower becomes constant.

The bubble removing means is composed of a baffle (11) having a floating means (6) consisting of a foaming resin or an empty container is installed to float on the water surface, by stabilizing the bubbles collected in the contaminated water system to the liquid phase sewage or Transfer to the waste water treatment facility to treat, the primary foaming of the foam or foam stabilized liquid with an oxidizing agent such as H ₂ O ₂ using O ₃ or Fe ^{+ 2} as a catalyst to the hardly decomposable organic substances contained in the foam The degradable organic material is converted into a degradable organic material, and the degradable organic material can be finally decomposed by a biological method using a biological sewage treatment facility such as an activated sludge process or a water plant in a swamp.

In addition, the baffle, which is a bubble removing means, constitutes a bubble collecting means 13 having a driving means for collecting bubbles and transporting the bubbles to the storage tank 14 in a mechanical manner so that the bubbles can be collected in the storage tank quickly and effectively before the bubbles are deflected. It is.

2 and 3 are schematic plan views and cross-sectional views of a second embodiment of a method and apparatus for purifying a contaminated water system according to the present invention.

The aeration means in this embodiment is a surface aeration device (2), and is provided with a floating means (5) consisting of a foaming resin or an empty container, giving up at a certain depth under the water regardless of the change in the water level, such as flood level or low water level It was configured to be made.

The bubble removing means comprises a U-shaped channel (12) provided with a floating means (6) consisting of a foaming resin or an empty container to be suspended on the water surface, the water of the U-shaped channel to stabilize the foam Or configured with a defoaming nozzle 15 and a defoaming water pipe 16 of the configuration capable of spraying antifoaming agent so that the bubbles are quickly liquefied and collected in the storage tank 14 along the U-shaped water channel.

In addition, in the present invention, the support of the floating means such as bins and foamed resins and ropes or pipes such that biofilm carriers having a function of decomposing contaminants by proliferating microorganisms in lakes and rivers with contaminated water quality are deposited in water or floated on the water surface. Provided is a method and apparatus for purifying a contaminated water system suspended by means, wherein the floating means in this embodiment is a floating means 5 provided in the aeration means, or a floating means provided in the bubble removing means. Using (6), the biofilm carrier 21 was suspended and installed. Here, the biofilm carrier is preferably in the form of a rope, ciliate, non-woven fabric, scouring pads, or a linear biofilm carrier formed by linearly connecting a plurality of ceramic carriers, foamed resins, synthetic resin injection moldings, and wood chips. .

In addition, the problem that the fibrous biofilm carriers or linear biofilm carriers are entangled with each other can be solved by binding the anti-tangle means 22 such as pipes or rods so that the fibrous or linear biofilm carriers can be spaced at regular intervals.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a method and apparatus for purifying a contaminated water system according to the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the aeration means may be a combination device of the diffuser and the blower, or the surface aeration device 2 may be applied. In all the embodiments including the present embodiment, the aeration means may be freed from falling or embankment of the river bed. It may be a fall or an artificial fall due to artificial waterfalls or fountains (not shown).

In particular, in the present embodiment, the bubble removing means is a combination of the negative pressure generating means (not shown), such as the bubble suction nozzle 17 and the bubble transfer duct 18, the vacuum pump and the fan that can suck the foam by the negative pressure The device is configured.

As described above, if the purifying device and method of the present invention in which the aeration means and the bubble removing means or the biofilm carrier are suspended are applied to the contaminated water system, the organic compounds and the organic contaminants such as detergents dissolved in water can be easily and effectively removed. Suspended solids and heavy metals can be removed by concentrating them at the interface of the foam, increasing dissolved oxygen concentration to improve self-cleaning ability, and decomposing and removing organic contaminants by biofilm. The contaminated water system, etc. can be effectively purified, and the contaminants to be removed are expanded, the purification rate is improved, and the image closure is improved in the conventional method of forming a crushed stone bed and simple aeration method.

Claims (16)

Aeration means are installed and operated in contaminated water systems such as lakes and streams where water quality is contaminated, and bubbles are generated. The contaminants are concentrated at the interface, and the bubbles floating on the water are removed using the bubble removal means. A method and apparatus for purifying polluted water, characterized in that the suspended solids, heavy metals, organics, and other contaminants such as dissolved detergents and the like are removed together with the foam, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is increased to increase the self-cleaning ability. . According to claim 1, The aeration means is a device composed of a diffuser and a blower, the diffuser is provided with a floating means consisting of a foam resin or an empty container, the connection pipe with the blower is composed of a flexible pipe, A method and apparatus for purifying polluted water, characterized in that the pressure load acting on the blower is made constant so that the installation depth of the diffuser is made constant regardless of the change in water level in the water system. The method of claim 1, wherein the aeration means is a surface aeration device, and is provided with a floating means composed of a foamed resin or an empty container, and aeration is performed at the water surface regardless of the change in the water level. And a device. The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the means for abandonment is a natural fall due to a step or embankment of a river bed or an artificial fall due to an artificial waterfall or a fountain. The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the bubble removing means is a baffle provided with floating means composed of a foamed resin or an empty container to be suspended on the water surface. The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the bubble removing means is a U-shaped channel provided with floating means composed of a foamed resin or an empty container to be suspended on the water surface. The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the bubble removing means is a combination of a suction nozzle having a structure capable of sucking bubbles by a negative pressure and a negative pressure generating means such as a duct, a vacuum pump, and a vacuum. . The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 1, wherein the bubbles collected and separated from the polluted water are stabilized in a liquid phase and transferred to a sewage or wastewater treatment facility for treatment. [Claim _2] The hardly decomposable organic substance contained in the foam according to claim 1, wherein the foam or foam stabilized liquid separated and collected in an aqueous system is first oxidized with an oxidizing agent such as H ₂ O using O ₃ or Fe ^{+ 2} as a catalyst. The degradable organic material is converted into a degradable organic material, and the degradable organic material is finally decomposed by a biological method using a biological wastewater treatment facility such as an activated sludge process or a wetland in a swamp. Device. 7. The method and apparatus of claim 5 or 6, wherein the U-shaped channel or the baffle is provided with foam collecting means for collecting and transporting the foam to a storage tank. The method and apparatus for purifying polluted water according to claim 6, wherein the U-shaped channel has a defoaming nozzle configured to spray water or an antifoaming agent to stabilize the foam. Supports floating means such as bins and foamed resins and ropes or pipes so that biofilm carriers that function to decompose pollutants by proliferating microorganisms in contaminated water systems such as lakes and rivers polluted with water quality are deposited in water or float on the surface A method and apparatus for purifying polluted water, characterized by suspending by means. The method of claim 12, wherein the floating means is a floating means provided in the aeration means in claim 2 or 3, or a floating means provided in the bubble removing means in claim 4 or 5. Method and apparatus for purifying polluted water, characterized in that the. The method and apparatus of claim 12, wherein the biofilm carrier is a fiber in the form of a rope, a nonwoven fabric, and a scouring pad. The method and apparatus of claim 12, wherein the biofilm carrier is formed by linearly connecting a plurality of ceramic carriers, foamed resins, synthetic resin injection moldings, and wood chips. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the fibrous biofilm carriers or linear biofilm carriers are provided with tangling prevention means such as pipes or rods at predetermined intervals so as not to be entangled with each other. And a device.