KR200161720Y1 - Heat checking device for electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents
Heat checking device for electrolytic capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- KR200161720Y1 KR200161720Y1 KR2019960058721U KR19960058721U KR200161720Y1 KR 200161720 Y1 KR200161720 Y1 KR 200161720Y1 KR 2019960058721 U KR2019960058721 U KR 2019960058721U KR 19960058721 U KR19960058721 U KR 19960058721U KR 200161720 Y1 KR200161720 Y1 KR 200161720Y1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/64—Testing of capacitors
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Abstract
본 고안은 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치에 관한 것으로서, 전원(V1)과 다이오드(D1∼D4), 전해콘덴서(C1) 및 일반방전용저항(RD)을 구비한 정류기에 있어서, 전원(V1)과 다이오드(D1),(D3) 접속점 사이에 전원차단용 차단기(SW)를 연결하고, 일반방전용저항(RD)과 병렬로 열화진단용 저항(RL)을 연결함과 더불어 차단기(SW1)와 열화진단용저항(RL)을 직렬로 연결한 구성으로 전원변환장치의 사용정지시 별도의 측정장비 없이 간단하게 해당기기내의 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화를 판정할 수 있어서 전해콘덴서의 열화 및 불량에 의한 전체 시스템의 오동작 및 피해를 방지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 전원변환장치의 유지, 보수 및 전해콘덴서의 재고관리를 효율적으로 수행할 수 있는 장점이 있는 것이다.The present invention relates to a deterioration diagnosis device for a smoothing electrolytic capacitor, and includes a power supply (V1), a diode (D1 to D4), an electrolytic capacitor (C1), and a general discharge resistor (R D ). Connect the circuit breaker (SW) for power interruption between V1) and the diode (D1) and (D3) connection points, connect the deterioration diagnostic resistor (R L ) in parallel with the general discharge resistor (R D ), and SW1) and degradation diagnostic resistance (R L ) are connected in series. When the power converter is stopped, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the smooth electrolytic capacitor in the equipment without any measurement equipment. Not only can it prevent the malfunction and damage of the entire system due to defects, but also has the advantage of efficient maintenance and repair of the power converter and inventory management of the electrolytic capacitor.
Description
본 고안은 전원변환장치에 사용되는 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 산업체의 각종 분야에서 정류기, 인버터 및 UPS 등의 전원변환기에 공통적으로 들어가는 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a deterioration diagnostic device of a smooth electrolytic capacitor used in a power converter, and more particularly, to a deterioration diagnostic device of a smooth electrolytic capacitor commonly used in power converters such as rectifiers, inverters, and UPS in various fields of the industry. will be.
종래 전해콘덴서의 열화진단은 LCR 측정기로써 정전용량 및 ESR(전해콘덴서의 내부저항)을 측정하고, 이들 데이터를 종전의 값들과 비교하여 그 변화치로 전해콘덴서의 열화정도를 진단하는 방법이 많이 사용되어 왔다. 제1도는 정전용량 및 ESR 측정에 사용되고 있는 종래 LCR 측정기의 기본측정회로도로서 시료 양단에 걸리는 전압 및 시료를 통해 흐르는 전류의 크기와 위상을 비교함으로써 시료의 임피던스를 계산하는 방식을 사용한다. 전원변환장치내의 정전용량 및 ESR 값은 인가전원의 주파수 뿐만 아니라 전압에 따라서 그 값의 변화가 생기게 되는데, 종래 LCR 측정기의 경우 대부분 최대 인가전압이 20V 미만이고 회로의 구성상 전해콘덴서에 걸리는 전압은 1V 미만이 된다. 실제 상용 전원용 전해콘덴서 양단에 걸리는 전압이 20OV∼30OV 정도임을 감안할 때, LCR 측정기로서 상용전원용 전해콘덴서의 정전용량 및 ESR을 측정하는 것은 신뢰성에서 문제가 있다고 할 수 있다. 또한 콘덴서 제조회사에 따라서 같은 용량급의 전해콘덴서라 할지라도 정전용량 및 ESR의 편차가 심하고, 전해콘덴서를 사용할 당시의 값에서 변화가 크게 보이지 않는 한 초기치의 변화로 부터 열화를 진단하는 것이 불가능하다는 단점이 있다.Conventional deterioration diagnosis of electrolytic capacitors is an LCR measuring instrument that measures capacitance and ESR (electrolytic capacitor internal resistance), and compares these data with previous values and diagnoses the degree of deterioration of electrolytic capacitors based on the changes. come. FIG. 1 is a basic measurement circuit diagram of a conventional LCR measuring apparatus used for measuring capacitance and ESR, and uses a method of calculating impedance of a sample by comparing a magnitude and a phase of a voltage across the sample and a current flowing through the sample. The capacitance and ESR values in the power converter are changed depending on the voltage as well as the frequency of the applied power. In the case of conventional LCR measuring devices, the maximum applied voltage is less than 20V and the voltage applied to the electrolytic capacitor is It becomes less than 1V. Considering that the voltage across the commercial electrolytic capacitor is about 20OV to 30OV, it can be said that measuring the capacitance and ESR of the electrolytic capacitor for commercial power as an LCR measuring device has a problem in reliability. In addition, depending on the capacitor manufacturer, even if the electrolytic capacitor of the same capacity class has a large variation in capacitance and ESR, it is impossible to diagnose the deterioration from the change of the initial value unless there is a significant change in the value at the time of using the electrolytic capacitor. There are disadvantages.
본 고안은 상기한 실정을 감안하여 종래 LCR 측정기에 의한 전해콘덴서열화진단에 있어서의 단점을 해결하고자 안출한 것으로서, 별도의 측정장비 없이 기존의 전원변환장치에 열화진단저항만을 설치하여 급방전시 저항양단의 전압 및 전류특성으로 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화정도를 정확하게 판단할 수 있는 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention was devised to solve the disadvantages of the electrolytic capacitor deterioration diagnosis by the conventional LCR measuring device in view of the above situation, and the resistance during rapid discharge by installing only the degradation diagnostic resistance in the existing power converter without any measurement equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a deterioration diagnosing device for a smoothing electrolytic capacitor capable of accurately determining the degree of deterioration of the smoothing electrolytic capacitor by the voltage and current characteristics at both ends thereof.
제1도는 종래 LCR 측정기의 기본측정 회로도,1 is a basic measurement circuit diagram of a conventional LCR measuring instrument,
제2도는 3상 정류기의 회로도,2 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase rectifier,
제3도는 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치의 구성도,3 is a configuration diagram of the degradation diagnostic device of the present invention smooth electrolytic capacitor,
제4도는 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치의 동작순서도이다.Figure 4 is a flow chart of operation of the degradation diagnostic device of the present invention smooth electrolytic capacitor.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
V1 : 전원 R1 : 저항V1: power supply R1: resistance
C, C1 : 전해콘덴서 ESR : 전해콘덴서의 내부저항C, C1: Electrolytic capacitor ESR: Internal resistance of electrolytic capacitor
D1∼D4 : 다이오드 RD : 일반방전용 저항D1 to D4: Diode RD: Resistance for General Discharge
RL : 열화진단용저항 SW : 전원차단용차단기RL: Deterioration Diagnosis Resistance SW: Power Circuit Breaker
SW1 : 차단기SW1: Breaker
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치는 전원(V1)과 다이오드(D1∼D4), 전해콘덴서(C1) 및 일반방전용저항(RD)을 구비한 정류기에 있어서, 전원(V1)과 다이오드(D1),(D3) 접속점 사이에 전원차단용차단기(SW)를 연결하고, 일반방전용저항(RD)과 병렬로 열화진단용 저항(RL)을 연결함과 더불어 차단기(SW1)와 열화진단용저항(RL)을 직렬로 연결한 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for diagnosing deterioration of the smoothing electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a power supply (V1), a diode (D1 to D4), an electrolytic capacitor (C1), and a general discharge resistor (R D ). Connect the breaker (SW) for power interruption between the connection point of the power supply (V1) and the diode (D1) and (D3), and connect the deterioration diagnostic resistance (R L ) in parallel with the general discharge resistor (R D ). In addition, the breaker (SW1) and the degradation diagnostic resistor (R L ) is characterized in that connected in series.
또한 열화진단용 저항(RL)의 저항크기는 일반방전용 저항(RD)의 1/100∼1/1000 이다.In addition, the resistance of the degradation diagnostic resistor R L is 1/100 to 1/1000 of the general discharge resistor R D.
이하 첨부도면을 참조하여 본 고안의 작용을 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
제2도는 3상 정류기의 기본형태로서, 산업체의 각종분야에서 정류기, 인버터 및 UPS 등의 전원변환장치에 공통적으로 적용되고 있는 부분이다. 제2도에서 전해콘덴서(C1) 우측에 병렬로 연결된 일반방전용 저항(RD)은 전원변환장치의 가동정지 및 수리시나 기타 이상시에 따라서 전원공급이 중단되었을 때 전해콘덴서(C1)에 들어 있는 에너지를 방전시키는 역할을 한다.2 is a basic form of a three-phase rectifier, which is commonly applied to power converters such as rectifiers, inverters, and UPS in various fields of the industry. In FIG. 2, the general discharge resistor R D connected in parallel to the right side of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is contained in the electrolytic capacitor C1 when the power supply is interrupted due to power failure or repair of the power converter. It serves to discharge energy.
제3도는 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치 구성도로서 방전시 전해콘덴서(C1)에서 빠져나오는 에너지의 동적인 특성을 관찰하기 위하여 일반방전용저항(RD)의 1/100∼1/1000 정도의 저항크기를 가진 열화진단용 저항(RL)과 차단기(SW1)를 직렬로 연결하고, 이들 열화진단용 저항(RL)과 차단기(SW1)를 전해콘덴서(C1) 및 기존의 일반방전용 저항(RD)과 병렬로 연결한 다음, 방전시의 전해콘덴서(C1) 양단의 전압과 열화진단용 저항(RL)으로 흐르는 전류의 파형을 측정한다.3 is a configuration diagram of the deterioration diagnostic device of the smoothing electrolytic capacitor of the present invention, in order to observe the dynamic characteristics of the energy released from the electrolytic capacitor C1 during discharge, 1/100 to 1 / of the general discharge resistance R D. Connect the degradation diagnosis resistor (R L ) and the breaker (SW1) in series with a resistance size of about 1000, and connect these degradation diagnosis resistors (R L ) and the breaker (SW1) to the electrolytic capacitor (C1) and the existing general discharge. After connecting in parallel with the resistor R D , measure the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor C1 at the time of discharge and the waveform of the current flowing through the resistor R L for degradation diagnosis.
제4도는 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치의 동작순서도이다.Figure 4 is a flow chart of operation of the degradation diagnostic device of the present invention smooth electrolytic capacitor.
먼저 제4a도에 도시한 바와 같이 전원차단용 차단기(SW)로 전원(V1)을 차단하고, 제4b도와 같이 전해콘덴서(C1) 양단의 전압이 O이 되도록 일반 방전용저항(RD)을 통하여 방전시킨다. 이어 제4c도에 나타낸 바와 같이 전원차단용차단기(SW)를 연결하여 폐회로를 구성함으로써 전해콘덴서(C1)를 100%로 충전시키고, 제4d도와 같이 전원차단용 차단기(SW)로 전원(V1)을 차단한다. 다음으로 제4e도와 같이 열화진단용 저항(RL)에 직렬로 연결된 차단기(SW1)를 연결시켜서 방전 폐회로를 구성한다. 그러면 제4f도에 도시한 바와 같이 전해콘덴서(C1)에 충전된 전하는 열화진단용 저항(RL)을 통해 방전하게 된다. 이에 따라 전해콘덴서(C1) 양단의 전압이 강하하게 되는데 이때의 전압강하는 시정수(C1·RL)에 의해 결정되게 된다. 열화진단용 저항(RL) 양단의 전압을 측정하여 방전을 시작한 초기치 전압 대비 약65% 떨어지는 지점까지의 시간이 제4f도에서의 회로시정수가 되므로 기존에 알고있는 열화진단용 저항(h)의 저항값에 의해 전해콘덴서(C1)의 정전용량을 계산해 낼수 있다.First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the power supply V1 is cut off by the power interrupter SW. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, the general discharge resistor R D is applied so that the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor C1 becomes O. Discharge through. Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the electrostatic capacitor C1 is charged to 100% by connecting the power interrupter SW to form a closed circuit, and as shown in FIG. 4D, the power supply V1 is supplied to the interrupter SW. To block. Next, as shown in FIG. 4E, the circuit breaker SW1 connected in series to the resistor R L for degradation diagnosis is connected to form a discharging closed circuit. Then, as shown in FIG. 4F, the electric charge charged in the electrolytic capacitor C1 is discharged through the degradation diagnostic resistor R L. As a result, the voltage across the electrolytic capacitor C1 drops, and the voltage drop at this time is determined by the time constant C1 · R L. The resistance time of the previously known degradation diagnostic resistance (h) is measured because the time until the point where the voltage across the degradation diagnostic resistance (R L ) is dropped by about 65% from the initial value of the discharge starts becomes the circuit time constant in FIG. 4f. By this, the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitor C1 can be calculated.
전해콘덴서(C1)의 열화는 정전용량의 감소를 가져오고, 이에 따라 리플정수가 커져서 전해콘덴서(C1)의 내부저항인 ESR에 의한 열손실이 크게 증가하게 되어 열화가 촉진된다. 통상적으로 전해콘덴서(C1) 초기치 정전용량의 20% 이상이 감소하면, 그 이후로 급격히 콘덴서의 특성이 나빠지므로 전해콘덴서(C1)의 열화로 보아 전해콘덴서(C1)를 교체하는 것이 좋다.The deterioration of the electrolytic capacitor C1 leads to a decrease in the capacitance, thereby increasing the ripple constant, which greatly increases the heat loss caused by the internal resistance of the electrolytic capacitor C1, which is ESR, thereby facilitating deterioration. In general, when 20% or more of the initial value capacitance of the electrolytic capacitor C1 decreases, since the characteristics of the capacitor deteriorate rapidly after that, the electrolytic capacitor C1 may be replaced in view of deterioration of the electrolytic capacitor C1.
상기한 바와 같이 작용하는 본 고안 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화진단장치에 의하면, 기존의 전원변환장치내에 간단하게 저항 1개, 차단기 1개 및 전류센서만을 설치하여 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화를 측정, 분석할 수 있는 열화진단 시스템을 구축할 수 있으므로 전원변환장치의 사용정지시 별도의 측정장비 없이 간단하게 해당기기내의 평활용 전해콘덴서의 열화를 판정할 수 있어서 전해콘덴서의 열화 및 불량에 의한 전체 시스템의 오동작 및 피해를 방지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 전원변환장치의 유지, 보수 및 전해콘덴서의 재고관리를 효율적으로 수행할 수 있는 장점이 있다.According to the degradation diagnosis device of the present invention, the smoothing electrolytic capacitor, which operates as described above, is simply installed with only one resistor, one breaker, and a current sensor in the existing power converter to measure and analyze the degradation of the smoothing electrolytic capacitor. Deterioration diagnosis system can be constructed so that the deterioration of the smooth electrolytic capacitor in the equipment can be easily judged without separate measuring equipment when the power converter is stopped. In addition to preventing malfunction and damage, there is an advantage that the maintenance, maintenance of the power converter and the inventory management of the electrolytic capacitor can be efficiently performed.
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