KR20010112826A - One-Phase Brushless DC Axial Flow Fan Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a) a power supply terminal portion having a first terminal and a second terminal and supplying power, and b) a first signal having a "+" waveform and a second signal having a "-" waveform by detecting a magnetic field. A Hall element portion which sequentially outputs, c) a coil portion that is excited to form a magnetic field, d) first and second emitters connected to the emitter, and the collector comprises: first and second PNP transistors; e) Disclosed is a drive circuit section having a collector connected to the coil section and having first and second NPN transistors for switching by the sequential output of the Hall element to excite the coil section.

Description

Transistor Single Phase 6 Pole DC Brushless Axial Fan Motor {One-Phase Brushless DC Axial Flow Fan Motor}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a single-phase direct current brushless axial fan motor, wherein a single phase direct current brushless axial fan that improves characteristics such as vibration noise that cools heat generated by an electrical component such as an office automation (OA) device such as a computer. It's about a motor.

Integrated circuits (ICs), electrical devices, and the like have a specific range of operating temperatures. When such integrated circuits and electric devices are driven outside the operating temperature range, the integrated circuits and electric devices do not operate properly such as malfunction or change in response characteristics. Therefore, it is desirable to keep the integrated circuit, the electric device and the like within the operating temperature range. For example, if the computer is continuously operated, heat is generated in computer components such as a CPU. In order to cool components, such as a CPU, ambient air is needed. It is a fan motor that serves to cool and provide such ambient air. Therefore, the computer has a cooling fan in the case to prevent overheating caused by the normal operation of the computer.

In order to drive such a fan motor, a fan motor generally requires a DC voltage and a driving circuit. 1 is a view showing a driving circuit of a conventional fan motor.

The drive circuit of the fan motor has a "+" terminal for supplying direct current and a grounded "-" terminal for power supply terminal 10 for supplying a DC voltage to the drive circuit and the "+" terminal to prevent reverse current. And a diode (D1) for protecting the driving circuit from overcurrent, and a "+" sine wave voltage of about 300 mV of the power supplied through the power supply terminal section 10 to the "+" output section HE1 of the Hall element. "The sinusoidal wave voltage is sequentially output to the Hall element"-"output unit HE2, and the Hall element HE for detecting the magnetic field of the fan motor and sequentially outputting" + "or"-"sine wave to the corresponding output unit. A bias resistor R1 connected between the diode D1 and the Hall element HE to bias the Hall element HE, and a zener diode for protecting the Hall element HE from an overvoltage; ZD1) and NPN transistor, which is a switching element that switches by the output from the Hall element HE. Coil parts L1, which are excited by the switching action of the Tr3 and Tr4, the PNP transistors Tr1 and Tr2, and the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4 to drive the fan motor by the action of the magnet. L2) The PNP transistors Tr1 and Tr2 are connected to emitters of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4, and the emitters of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4 are grounded by a bias resistor R5 biasing the transistor. It is. Reference numerals R2, R3, and R4 denote bias resistors.

Referring to the operation of the drive circuit of the conventional fan motor configured as described above in detail as follows.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a sine wave input to the Hall element HE, waveforms output from the output parts HE1 and HE2 of the Hall element, and switching pulses of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4. 3 is a view for explaining the rotation of the fan motor driven by the coils (L1, L2) that are switched and excited by the respective NPN transistors (Tr3, Tr4).

First, when a DC voltage is applied through the power supply terminal unit 10, when the Hall element HE is preset to output a "+" sine wave voltage first, a "+" sine wave from the "+" output unit HE1 is generated. When applied to the base of the NPN transistor Tr3, the transistor Tr3 performs a switching action, and the PNP transistor Tr2 is biased by the bias resistor R4, so that the noninverting current I1 from the power supply terminal section 10 is applied. Flows through the coil parts L2 and L1 to the conductive NPN transistor Tr3. At this time, the fan motors in which the coil parts L2 and L1 are excited and driven are rotated 180 degrees as shown in FIG. 3. After that, when the "-" output section HE2 of the Hall element outputs a "-" sine wave and is applied to the base of the NPN transistor Tr4, the NPN transistor Tr4 switches and the PNP is driven by the bias resistor R3. The transistor Tr1 is biased so that an inverting current I2 flows from the power supply terminal portion 10 to the NPN transistor Tr4 that is conducted through the coil portions L1 and L2. In this case, the fan motors in which the coil parts L1 and L2 are excited and driven are rotated 360 degrees as shown in FIG. 3. In other words, as shown in FIG. 3, the non-inverting current I1 rotates 180 degrees by the inverting current I2 to rotate one degree (360 degrees) according to the Fleming's left hand rule. The fan motor keeps running because of continuous operation.

However, the driving circuit as described above has much lower characteristics than the six-pole fan motor in vibrating noise, and the coil parts L1 and L2 are connected in series, so the process of soldering the two coils is very complicated. . In addition, a six-pole fan motor using an integrated circuit chip is currently used, but since the price is very expensive, it is inexpensive and has the same performance as a driving circuit using an IC chip, for example, a vibration type noise reduction characteristic. The demand for fan motors is increasing.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to improve the characteristics of the vibration noise and the like, single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor with improved economic and manufacturing process To provide.

1 is a view showing a driving circuit of a conventional fan motor.

2 shows a sine wave input to the Hall element HE, waveforms output from the output parts HE1 and HE2 of the Hall element, and switching operations of the transistors Tr3 and Tr4 in the conventional fan motor driving circuit. It is a figure which shows the pulse.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining rotation of a fan motor driven by coils L1 and L2 that are switched and excited by respective transistors Tr3 and Tr4 in the driving circuit of a conventional fan motor.

4 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of coils of a driving circuit of a conventional fan motor.

5A is a diagram illustrating a driving circuit of a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5B is a view showing a driving circuit in which electrical noise of the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor shown in FIG. 5A is improved.

FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating another example of a driving circuit in which electrical noise of the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor shown in FIG. 5A is improved.

FIG. 6 illustrates a sinusoidal wave input to the Hall element HE and outputs from the output parts HE1 and HE2 of the Hall element in the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The waveform, the switching operation pulse of the transistors Tr3 and Tr4, and the waveform which outputs the signal output from the output part M1out, M2out of a fan motor as a signal which a computer can recognize are shown.

7A and 7B are driven by an arrangement of coils and fields of a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and a coil part which is switched and excited by the respective transistors Tr3 and Tr4. The figure for explaining the rotation of the fan motor.

8 is a view for explaining one rotation of a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

9A and 9B are views showing another configuration example of the coil unit according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

D1: Diode HE: Hall element

HE1, HE2: Output part of Hall element R1, R2, R3, R4, R5: Bias resistor

L1, L2: Coil section Tr1, Tr2: PNP transistor

Tr3, Tr4: NPN transistor I1: Non-inverting current

I2: inversion current mf1, mf2, mf3: magnetic field forming portion

10: power supply terminal 20: waveform shaping unit

In order to achieve the above object, a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a) a first terminal and a second terminal, a power supply terminal for supplying power, and b) a first signal having a "+" waveform by detecting a magnetic field. And a Hall element portion for sequentially outputting a second signal having a "-" waveform, c) a coil portion that is excited and forms a magnetic field, d) the first terminal and an emitter are connected, and a collector is the coil portion. A drive having a first and a second PNP transistor connected to the first and second PNP transistors; and e) a collector connected to the coil part, the first and second NPN transistors which switch by the sequential output of the Hall element to excite the coil part. A circuit section; A field part having a six-pole field; Provided is a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor including a magnetic field formed in the coil part and a fan rotated by the operation of the field of the field part.

The coil portion has a triangular shape, and the first, second and third magnetic field forming portions are formed at the corners of the triangular coil portion. In addition, the coil unit is connected to two or three coils in parallel.

The driving circuit unit is a waveform shaping unit for separating the phase into a signal that the computer can recognize the rotational speed of the fan motor.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same components as those of FIGS. 1 to 4 may use the same reference numerals in FIGS. 5 to 9.

5A is a view showing a driving circuit of a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor fan motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5A, the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a "+" terminal for supplying direct current and a grounded "-" terminal for the driving circuit. A power supply terminal 10 for supplying a DC voltage, a diode D1 connected to the "+" terminal to prevent reverse current and protecting the driving circuit from overcurrent, and a power supply supplied through the power supply terminal 10 The sine wave voltage of about 300mV is sequentially output to the Hall element's "+" output unit (HE1), and the "-" sine wave voltage is output to the Hall element's "-" output unit (HE2), and the magnetic field of the fan motor is detected. And a Hall element HE that sequentially outputs a "+" or "-" sine wave to a corresponding output unit, and is connected between the diode D1 and the Hall element HE to bias the Hall element HE. Zener diode for protecting the bias resistor R1 and the Hall element HE from overvoltage (ZD1), NPN transistors (Tr3, Tr4), PNP transistors (Tr1, Tr2), which are switching elements that switch by the output from the Hall element (HE), and the NPN transistors (Tr3, Tr4). It has a coil part L1 which is excited by a switching action and drives a fan motor by an action with a magnet. The PNP transistors Tr1 and Tr2 are connected to emitters of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4, and the emitters of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4 are grounded by a bias resistor R5 biasing the transistor. It is. The reference numerals R2, R3, and R4 are bias resistors, and the capacitor C1 connecting the collectors of the NPN transistors Tr3 and Tr4 serves to remove electrical noise and has a capacity of 47 × 10 ^4. It is preferable that it is more than pF.

FIG. 5B is a view showing a driving circuit in which electrical noise of the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor shown in FIG. 5A is improved. As shown in FIG. 5B, a capacitor C1 having a capacity of 47 × 10 ⁴ pF or more is connected between each base portion of the PNP transistors Tr1 and Tr2, thereby eliminating electrical noise that may appear in the driving circuit of FIG. 5A. It can be significantly improved.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5C, the electrical noise of the driving circuit of 5a is biased by the bases of the PNP transistors Tr1 and Tr2, the diodes D1, and the capacitors C1 and C3 having a capacitance of 47 × 10 ⁴ pF or more. The connection between the lines between the resistors R1 may be connected to each other to significantly improve.

In addition, the coil portion L1 of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention has a triangular shape, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and the coil portion L1 is The corner has a first magnetic field forming portion mf1, a second magnetic field forming portion mf2, and a third magnetic field forming portion mf3. The magnetic field forming units mf1, mf2, and mf3 form a magnetic field together with the magnet M when the current is applied to the coil unit L1 to rotate the fan motor.

The operation of the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

First, when a DC voltage is applied through the power supply terminal unit 10, when the Hall element HE is previously set to output a "+" sine wave voltage, the "+" sine wave from the "+" output unit HE1 is NPN. Applied to the base of the transistor Tr3, the NPN transistor Tr3 performs a switching action, and the PNP transistor Tr2 is biased by the bias resistor R4 so that the noninverting current I1 from the power supply terminal section 10 is applied. ) Flows through the NPN transistor Tr1 conducted through the coil portion L1. At this time, the fan motor in which the non-inverting current I1 excites and drives the coil L1 is rotated by 60 degrees, as shown in FIG. 7A. After that, when the "-" output section HE2 of the Hall element outputs a "-" sine wave and is applied to the base of the NPN transistor Tr4, the NPN transistor Tr4 switches and the PNP is driven by the bias resistor R3. The transistor Tr1 is biased so that an inverting current I2 flows from the power supply terminal portion 10 through the coil portion L1 through the NPN transistor Tr2. At this time, the fan motor in which the inversion current I2 excites and drives the coil part L1 is rotated again by 60 degrees, as shown in FIG. 7B, to rotate a total of 120 degrees.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first magnetic field forming portion mf1 of the coil is located between the S3 pole of the field M and the N1 pole, and the second magnetic field forming portion mf2 is the S1 pole. Between the N2 pole and the third magnetic field forming portion mf3 is located between the S2 pole and the N3 pole, respectively, the non-inverting current I1 is applied to the coil L1 by the switching action of the NPN transistor Tr3. When applied, a magnetic field is formed in each of the magnetic field forming portions mf1, mf2, and mf3, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the first magnetic field forming portion mf1 is connected to the field in which the magnetic field is located. Between the S1 and N1 poles of (M), the second magnetic field forming portion mf2 is between the S2 pole and the N2 pole, and the third magnetic field forming portion mf3 is between the S3 pole and the N3 pole, respectively. It will rotate 60 degrees.

In addition, when the inversion current I2 flows through the coil L2 due to the switching action of the NPN transistor Tr4, as shown in FIG. 8, the first magnetic field forming unit mf1 is connected to each of the field where the transistor is located. Fleming's left hand rule between the S1 pole and the N2 pole of the field M, the second magnetic field forming portion mf2 between the S2 pole and the N3 pole, and the third magnetic field forming portion mf3 between the S3 pole and the N1 pole, respectively. The fan motor rotates 60 degrees according to the total rotation of 120 degrees.

By continuously performing these operations, the fan motor will run continuously.

The single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention forms a magnetic field for rotating the fan motor at three corner portions of the triangle, that is, the magnetic field forming portions mf1, mf2, and mf3. Compared to the conventional single-phase four-pole rotated by forming a magnetic field in two places shown in FIG. 3B, the rotation of the fan motor is stabilized, and vibration noise and the like are remarkably improved.

Meanwhile, in the coil part L1, two or three coils may be connected in parallel as illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B. 9A and 9B, when two or three coils are connected in parallel, the total resistance of the coil unit is lowered, so that the excitation current is increased by that, and thus, the rotational speed characteristics may be significantly improved. At this time, the number of coils that can be connected in parallel is limited in the limit that can be accommodated in the fan motor. In addition, even if two or three coils are connected in parallel, the parts connected by soldering are two parts, so the manufacturing process is simpler than the conventional single-phase four-pole.

In addition, the driving circuit of the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a waveform shaping unit 20 for separating phases into signals that a computer can recognize the rotation speed of the fan motor. . The waveform shaping unit 20 has one end connected to the output part M1out of the fan motor (which can also be connected to the output part M2out), and the other end thereof has a resistor R6 connected to the node N, and the node ( N), a resistor R7 having one end connected to ground and the other end thereof, and a connection for transmitting a DC component to the transistor Tr5 while canceling the noise AC component from the output part M1out or M2out of the fan motor. The capacitor C2, the node N, and the base part are connected, and the waveform output part S and the collector are connected, that is, the transistor Tr5 is connected in an open collector manner. In this case, the resistor R6 is a voltage divider that controls a current applied to the base of the transistor Tr5 from the output parts M1out and M2out of the fan motor, and the resistor R7 is connected to the node N. The resistor R6 and R7 control voltages between grounds, and the resistors R6 and R7 modulate the pulse width of the square wave so that the waveform output to the waveform output unit S has the same width. The transistor Tr5 outputs a rotation speed signal from the fan motor in a waveform that can be recognized by a computer. At this time, the voltage divider R6 and R7 are preferably 683 (Ω) and 562 (Ω), respectively. However, the voltage divider R6 and R7 may vary.

By the waveform shaping unit 20 as described above, if the waveform shaping unit 20 is connected to the output unit M1out of the fan motor, the waveform output from the waveform output unit S is shown in FIG. As shown, the output is performed like the waveform of M1out. Therefore, the output waveform from the waveform output part S is outputted on the display screen of a computer by a well-known technique.

Therefore, the user of the computer can recognize the driving state of the fan motor, and the fan motor is not driven, thereby preventing the destruction of the integrated circuits and components of the computer.

The single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve vibration noise and provide information about the rotational speed of the fan motor to the user of the computer. It can protect circuits and components. In addition, since the fan motor is stably rotated by forming a magnetic field at each corner of the triangular coil, vibration noise can be remarkably reduced, the manufacturing process is simple, and it exhibits the same functions and characteristics as the IC type driving circuit. In addition, the transistor type has the advantage of being inexpensive.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

a) a power supply terminal having a first terminal and a second terminal and supplying power; and b) detecting a magnetic field to sequentially output a first signal having a "+" waveform and a second signal having a "-" waveform; C) a coil unit which is excited and forms a magnetic field, d) a first terminal and an emitter are connected, and a collector includes first and second PNP transistors connected to the coil unit, and e) the A driving circuit portion having a collector connected to the coil portion, the driving circuit portion having first and second NPN transistors which switch by the sequential output of the Hall element to excite the coil portion; A field part having a six-pole field; A fan rotated by the operation of the magnetic field formed in the coil unit and the field of the field unit Single phase 6 pole DC brushless axial fan motor comprising a. The method of claim 1, The drive circuit unit, the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor further connected to the coil unit and connected to the collector of the first and second NPN transistor. The method of claim 1, The drive circuit unit, the single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor further comprises a capacitor connected between the base portion of the first and second PNP transistors. The method of claim 1, The driving circuit unit further comprises first and second capacitors connected between the base portion of the first and second PNP transistors and the first terminal portion of the power terminal portion, respectively. The method of claim 1, The coil unit is a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor having a triangular shape. The method of claim 5, The coil unit is a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor, the first, second and third magnetic field forming portion is formed at the corner of the triangular coil portion. The method of claim 1, The coil unit is a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor in which two or three coils are connected in parallel. The method of claim 1, The drive circuit unit has a single-phase six-pole DC brushless axial fan motor having a waveform shaping unit for separating phases into signals that can be recognized by a computer.