KR20010097331A - Information System Of Air Pollution Using Laser Radar And Dispersion model - Google Patents
Information System Of Air Pollution Using Laser Radar And Dispersion model Download PDFInfo
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- KR20010097331A KR20010097331A KR1020000021318A KR20000021318A KR20010097331A KR 20010097331 A KR20010097331 A KR 20010097331A KR 1020000021318 A KR1020000021318 A KR 1020000021318A KR 20000021318 A KR20000021318 A KR 20000021318A KR 20010097331 A KR20010097331 A KR 20010097331A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
- F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
- F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
- F16K1/226—Shaping or arrangements of the sealing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
- F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
- F16K27/0209—Check valves or pivoted valves
- F16K27/0218—Butterfly valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/53—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing
- F16K31/535—Mechanical actuating means with toothed gearing for rotating valves
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Abstract
본 발명은 레이저 레이더 및 확산모델을 이용한 대기오염 정보시스템에 관한 것으로, 레이저 레이더에 의해 측정된 원 데이터를 이용하여 대기오염확산모델의 개발 및 대기오염 전자지도시스템을 구축하고, 상기 측정자료와 대기오염확산모델 및 대기오염 전자지도를 통합하여 환경정보시스템을 형성함으로써, 사용자에게 보다 정확하고 세분화된 대기오염측정자료 및 대기오염전자지도를 실시간으로 신속하게 제공함은 물론, 상기 실시간 측정되는 측정자료에 의해 대기오염의 이동경로와 이차오염물질의 예측으로 대기오염에 대한 신속한 대처가 가능한 것이다.The present invention relates to an air pollution information system using a laser radar and a diffusion model. The present invention relates to the development of an air pollution diffusion model and an air pollution electronic map system using raw data measured by a laser radar. By integrating the pollution diffusion model and the air pollution electronic map to form an environmental information system, it provides users with more accurate and detailed air pollution measurement data and air pollution electronic maps in real time, as well as on the measured data measured in real time. Therefore, it is possible to quickly cope with air pollution by the movement route of air pollution and the prediction of secondary pollutants.
Description
본 발명은 레이저 레이더 및 확산모델을 이용한 대기오염 정보시스템을 나타낸 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 레이저 레이더로 측정된 원 데이터를 바탕으로 최적의 대기확산모델을 개발하여 분진과 다른 오염물질의 이동경로를 파악하며, 아울러 대기확산모델을 지리정보시스템(Geographic Information System, 이하 "GIS"라 칭함)과 연계 처리하여 측정지역에 대해 보다 세분된 대기오염지도를 사용자에게 실시간으로 제공할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention shows an air pollution information system using a laser radar and a diffusion model. More specifically, an optimum air diffusion model is developed based on raw data measured by a laser radar to grasp the movement path of dust and other pollutants. In addition, the air diffusion model is processed in conjunction with the Geographic Information System (hereinafter referred to as "GIS") to provide users with more detailed air pollution maps for the measurement area in real time.
현대사회는 눈부신 과학기술의 발달에 힘입어 자동화 시스템의 도입과 함께급격한 산업발전을 이룩하였으나, 이러한 과정에서 각종 오염물질이 생성되면서 환경오염이 생존을 위협하는 수준에까지 이르러 환경오염의 감시기술과 합리적인 규제제도가 요구되었다.Modern society has achieved rapid industrial development with the introduction of automation system thanks to the brilliant development of science and technology, but in the process, various pollutants are generated and environmental pollution reaches a level that threatens survival. A regulatory system was required.
따라서, 상기와 같은 절실한 요구에 따라 미래의 환경오염에 대한 대비를 위해 각종 대체 에너지의 개발을 시작으로 환경오염에 대한 정확한 측정기술의 연구 및 측정장비 개발이 활발히 진행 중이다.Therefore, in order to prepare for future environmental pollution in accordance with such urgent demands, research on accurate measurement technology for environmental pollution and development of measurement equipment are actively underway, starting with the development of various alternative energies.
현재에 최신의 광학측정장비로서 대기오염의 측정에 가장많이 사용되는 레이저 레이더(이하, 라이더(lidar)라고도 함)는 좁은 범위로 광을 집중시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 단색성이며, 전파와 같이 위상이 일정한 레이저를 이용한다.Laser radars (hereinafter referred to as lidars), which are currently used for the measurement of air pollution as the latest optical measuring equipment, are not only able to focus light in a narrow range but are also monochromatic and have a phase like radio waves. Use a constant laser.
또한, 상기 레이저 레이더는 보통의 기상레이더에 비교하여 훨씬 작은 입자 즉, 에어졸이나 공기분자등에 의한 산란을 측정할 수 있는 장점 때문에 연기나 대기오염물질을 비교적 정확하게 관측할 수 있는 정밀 측정장치인 것이다.In addition, the laser radar is a precision measuring device capable of observing smoke or air pollutants relatively accurately due to the advantage of measuring scattering caused by much smaller particles, that is, aerosols or air molecules, compared to ordinary weather radars.
그러나, 일반적인 대기오염측정장치를 사용하여 작성된 대기오염지도는 측정지역 내에서 일지점에 대한 대기오염도를 평균으로 하여 그 평균수치를 측정지역 전체의 오염도로 나타내므로써, 행정구역이 같으면 오염도가 동일하게 도시되어 보다 세분화된 대기오염도를 나타내기가 어려우며 이로 인하여 신뢰성이 상실되는 문제점이 있었다.However, the air pollution map prepared by using the general air pollution measuring device makes the average value of the air pollution at one point in the measurement area and shows the average value as the pollution degree of the whole measurement area. It is difficult to show a more detailed air pollution degree is shown there was a problem that the reliability is lost.
또한, 상기와 같이 측정된 대기오염 데이터는 한 지점에서 측정된 자료로이를 토대로 하여 다른 대기오염물질의 이동경로의 파악과 이차오염물질의 예측이 불가능하고, 나아가 이러한 환경오염정보를 전자지도화하여 실시간으로 신속.정확하게 제공하기 위한 통합 환경정보시스템이 마련되어 있지 않아 대기오염에 대한 신속한 대처가 어려운 실정이다.In addition, the air pollution data measured as described above is measured at one point, and based on this, it is impossible to grasp the movement path of other air pollutants and predict secondary pollutants. It is difficult to deal with air pollution quickly because there is no integrated environmental information system to provide fast and accurate in real time.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위해 안출된 것으로, 레이저 레이더로 측정된 데이터를 대기확산모델에 적용하여 분진과 다른 오염물질의 이동경로를 파악하여 정확한 대기확산모델을 설정하고, 아울러 대기확산모델을 GIS과 연계하여 사용자에게 실시간으로 측정지역에 대한 대기오염의 상태를 보다 자세하게 제공할 수 있도록 한 레이저 레이더 및 확산모델을 이용한 대기오염 정보시스템을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, by applying the data measured by the laser radar to the air diffusion model to determine the movement path of dust and other pollutants to establish an accurate air diffusion model, and also air diffusion The purpose is to provide air pollution information system using laser radar and diffusion model that provides the user with more detailed air pollution status on the measurement area in real time by linking the model with GIS.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 레이저 레이더를 이용한 측정단계와, 상기 측정된 원 데이터를 이용하여 대기오염확산모델을 설정하는 단계(A)와, 대기오염지도시스템을 구축하는 단계(B)로 나뉘어지되; 상기 측정데이터와 대기오염확산모델 및 대기오염지도를 통합시켜 환경정보시스템을 구축하는 단계와, 상기 환경정보시스템에서 가공된 대기오염측정자료와 대기오염지도를 네트워크로 제공하는 단계로 이루어진 정보시스템으로써, 세분화된 대기오염측정자료와 대기오염 전자지도를 사용자에게 실시간 네트워크로 신속.정확하게 제공하고, 아울러 대기오염의 이동경로와 이차오염물질의 예측으로 대기오염에 대해 신속한 대처를 할 수 있는 점에 특징이 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a measurement step using a laser radar, a step of setting an air pollution diffusion model using the measured raw data, and a step of constructing an air pollution map system (B). Divided into; Integrating the measurement data, air pollution diffusion model and air pollution map to build an environmental information system, and the information system comprising the air pollution measurement data and air pollution map processed in the environmental information system to the network In addition, it provides fast and accurate air pollution measurement data and air pollution electronic maps to users in real time network, and can quickly cope with air pollution by the movement route of air pollution and the prediction of secondary pollutants. There is this.
도 1은 본 발명의 레이저 레이더 및 확산모델을 이용한 대기오염 정보시스템을 나타낸 도면1 is a view showing an air pollution information system using a laser radar and diffusion model of the present invention
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 예시도면에 의거 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
첨부된 예시도면 도 1은 본 발명의 레이저 레이더 및 확산모델을 이용한 대기오염 정보시스템을 나타낸 것으로, 먼저 레이저 레이더를 이용하여 대기를 측정하는 단계와, 상기 측정하는 단계 이후, 대기오염확산모델의 설정 단계 및 대기오염지도시스템의 구축 단계로 양분된다.1 is a view illustrating an air pollution information system using a laser radar and a diffusion model of the present invention. First, the air is measured using a laser radar, and the air pollution diffusion model is set after the measuring. It is divided into two stages and the construction stage of air pollution guidance system.
우선, 레이저 레이더로 측정된 원 데이터를 바탕으로 대기오염확산모델을 형성하는 단계와, 상기 확산모델을 이용하여 분진 및 기타 대기오염물질의 농도 및 이동경로를 파악하는 단계와, 상기 분진 및 대기오염물질 농도와 기상자료를 이용하여 이차오염물질를 예측하는 단계와, 상기 레이저 레이더에 의해 측정된 측정자료와 예측자료를 데이터베이스로 구축하는 단계로 이루어져 있다.First, forming an air pollution diffusion model based on raw data measured by a laser radar, and using the diffusion model to determine the concentration and movement path of dust and other air pollutants, and the dust and air pollution Prediction of secondary pollutants using the concentration and meteorological data, and the step of building a database of the measurement data and prediction data measured by the laser radar.
한편, 상기 대기오염지도 시스템의 구축단계에서는 먼저, 원 데이터를 3차원적 자료로 정밀 가공하는 단계와, 가공된 데이터를 GIS에 입력하여 실시간으로 오염지도를 작성하는 단계와, 상기와 같이 실시간으로 작성된 오염지도를 토대로 하여 예상오염지도를 작성하는 단계와, 상기 실시간 오염지도 및 예측 오염지도를 시스템화하는 단계로 이루어져 있다.On the other hand, in the step of constructing the air pollution map system, first, precision processing the raw data into three-dimensional data, inputting the processed data into the GIS to create a pollution map in real time, as described above in real time A step of preparing a predictive pollution map based on the created pollution map, and the step of systemizing the real-time pollution map and the predicted pollution map.
그리고, 상기 레이저 레이더로 측정된 측정자료와 대기오염확산모델 그리고 대기오염지도를 하나로 통합하여 환경정보시스템으로 구축하는 단계와, 이 환경 정보시스템에서 가공된 대기오염지도를 사용자에게 네트워크로 제공하는 단계로 이루어진 것이다.And constructing an environmental information system by integrating the measured data measured by the laser radar, the air pollution diffusion model, and the air pollution map into one, and providing the air pollution map processed by the environment information system to the user through a network. It is made up of.
위와 같이 구성된 본 발명은 첨부된 예시도면 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 먼저, 레이저 레이더를 이용하여 기상자료 뿐만 아니라 지표근처의 분진을 측정하게 되는데, 이때 레이저 레이더에 의해 측정된 원 데이터를 토대로 대기오염확산모델을 개발한다.In the present invention configured as described above, as shown in the accompanying drawings of FIG. 1, first, as well as meteorological data using the laser radar to measure the dust near the surface, at this time air pollution based on the raw data measured by the laser radar Develop a diffusion model.
이때, 상기 레이저 레이더에 의한 분석에는 분진의 분포,자료산출의 정확도,관측소요시간,방해물질의 종류 및 원인의 분석을 실시하게 되고, 확산모델에 대한 분석은 입력자료의 종류, 출력형태, 확산적용이론,적용기간, 적용규모, 지형의 상태, 유해물질의 반응성, 대기상태, 적용 오염물질의 대상을 분석하여 비교적 가장 정확한 대기오염확산모델을 설정하게 된다.At this time, the analysis by the laser radar is to analyze the distribution of dust, the accuracy of the data output, the time required for observation, the type and cause of the harmful substances, the analysis of the diffusion model is the type of input data, output type, diffusion Analysis of application theory, application period, application scale, topography, reactivity of hazardous substances, air condition, and targets of applied pollutants establishes the most accurate air pollution diffusion model.
그리고, 상기와 같이 설정된 대기오염확산모델을 이용하여 기타 다른 대기오염물질(예를들어 이산화황(SO2), 이산화질소(NO2), 휘발성유기물질(VOCs))의 농도를 환산하고 이동경로에 대한 확산의 정도를 예측하게 된다.Then, the concentration of other air pollutants (eg sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), volatile organic substances (VOCs)) is calculated using the air pollution diffusion model set as described above. Predict the extent of diffusion.
그 다음, 상기 분진 및 대기오염물질(예를들어 이산화황(SO2), 이산화질소(NO2), 휘발성유기물질(VOCs))의 농도를 바탕으로 이차오염물질로 가장심각한 오존(O3)의 농도를 예측하게 되고, 상기 측정된 자료와 예측자료를 토대로 하여 데이베이스로 구축하게 되는 것이다.Then, the concentration of ozone (O 3 ) which is the most severe as a secondary pollutant based on the concentration of the dust and air pollutants (eg sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), volatile organic substances (VOCs)). It is expected to build a database based on the measured data and the predicted data.
한편, 상기와 같은 대기오염확산모델의 구축과 동시에 대기오염지도를 작성하게 되는데, 먼저 상기 레이저 레이더로 측정된 분진의 원 데이터를 3차원적으로 정밀 분석하여 데이터를 가공하고, 가공된 데이터를 GIS에 입력/처리하여 측정지역을 보다 세분화시킨 일종의 기상도와 같은 실시간의 대기오염지도를 작성하게 되는 것이다.Meanwhile, at the same time as the air pollution diffusion model is constructed, the air pollution map is prepared. First, the raw data of the dust measured by the laser radar is precisely analyzed in three dimensions to process the data, and the processed data is GIS. The air pollution map in real time is created as a kind of meteorological map that inputs / processes the data into the measurement area.
상기와 같이 작성된 대기오염지도는 측정지역의 대기오염 상태를 종래와 같이 행정구역 단위로 표현하는 것이 아니라 각각 개별적으로 구현하여 예를 들어 행정구역 내에서도 측정지점에 따라 대기오염도를 다르게 표현함으로써, 측정지역의 대기오염 상태를 정확히 파악할 수 있는 것이다.The air pollution map prepared as described above does not express the air pollution state of the measurement area in the unit of administrative region as in the prior art, but implements each of them individually, for example, expresses the air pollution degree differently according to the measuring point even in the administrative region. It is possible to pinpoint the state of air pollution.
또한, 상기와 같이 실시간으로 작성되는 대기오염지도를 통해 대기오염의 이동경로를 추정하여 예상 오염지도를 작성하게 되는 것이다.In addition, through the air pollution map created in real time as described above to estimate the movement path of the air pollution is to create a predicted pollution map.
그리고, 상기 레이저 레이더에 의해 측정된 측정 데이터와 대기오염확산모델 및 대기오염지도를 하나로 종합시킨 환경정보시스템을 구축한 다음, 이 환경정보시스템에 연결된 사용자에게 대기오염물질의 확산 및 이동경로에 대한 실측자료와 예측자료를 실시간으로 제공하면서 나아가 하나의 기상도와 같이 세분화된 대기오염전자지도를 네트워크로 제공하여 보다 정확한 환경정보를 제공하게 되는 것이다.In addition, an environmental information system is constructed by integrating the measured data measured by the laser radar, the air pollution diffusion model, and the air pollution map into one. Then, the user connected to the environment information system is informed about the diffusion and movement of air pollutants. In addition to providing real-time and forecast data, it also provides more accurate environmental information by providing a detailed air pollution electronic map as a weather map.
따라서, 종래에는 행정구역 내에서 포인트 샘플에 의한 측정으로 인해 행정구역이 같으면 전체적으로 오염도가 동일하게 표현됨으로써, 정확하면서도 세분화된 대기오염 상태를 알 수 없으며, 이에따라 그 이상의 대기오염물질에 대한 이동경로의 파악은 물론, 이차오염물질의 예측이 불가능하였으나, 본 발명은 레이저 레이더로 여러지점을 측정/분석하여 비교적 정확한 확산모델을 설정하고, 상기 대기오염확산모델과 이를 이용한 대기오염지도를 종합적인 환경정보시스템으로 구축함으로써, 사용자에게 보다 정확하고 세분화된 대기오염측정자료와 대기오염전자지도를 실시간으로 신속하게 제공할 수 있게 되는 것이다.Therefore, conventionally, if the administrative districts are the same due to the measurement by point samples in the administrative districts, the pollution levels are represented as the same as a whole, so that the accurate and granular air pollution status cannot be known. Of course, the secondary pollutant was impossible to determine, but the present invention measures and analyzes various points with a laser radar to set a relatively accurate diffusion model, and comprehensively analyzes the air pollution diffusion model and the air pollution map using the same. By building the system, it is possible to provide users with more accurate and detailed air pollution measurement data and air pollution electronic maps in real time.
또한, 상기 실시간으로 측정되는 측정자료에 의해 대기오염의 이동경로와 이차오염물질을 예측하여 대기오염에 대한 신속한 대처를 이룰 수 있는 것이다.In addition, it is possible to achieve a rapid response to air pollution by predicting the movement path and secondary pollutants of air pollution by the measurement data measured in real time.
위와 같이 본 발명은 사용자에게 보다 정확하고 세분화된 대기오염측정자료및 대기오염전자지도를 실시간으로 신속하게 제공함은 물론, 상기 실시간 측정되는 측정자료에 의해 대기오염의 이동경로 및 이차오염물질을 예측하여 대기오염에 대한 신속한 대처를 이룰 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention provides the user with more accurate and detailed air pollution measurement data and air pollution electronic map in real time, and predicts the movement path and secondary pollutants of air pollution by the measured data measured in real time. There is an effect that can achieve a quick response to air pollution.
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