KR20010081375A - Plasma molten reactor - Google Patents

Plasma molten reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010081375A
KR20010081375A KR1020000006772A KR20000006772A KR20010081375A KR 20010081375 A KR20010081375 A KR 20010081375A KR 1020000006772 A KR1020000006772 A KR 1020000006772A KR 20000006772 A KR20000006772 A KR 20000006772A KR 20010081375 A KR20010081375 A KR 20010081375A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
melting furnace
melting
plasma
plasma torch
exhaust gas
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KR1020000006772A
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Korean (ko)
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장준섭
박현서
이시창
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김징완
삼성중공업 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020000006772A priority Critical patent/KR20010081375A/en
Publication of KR20010081375A publication Critical patent/KR20010081375A/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/06—Devices for suspending or supporting the supply pipe or supply hose of a shower-bath
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/0403—Connecting the supply lines to the tap body

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A plasma melting furnace is provided to save power consumption necessary for incinerating waste matter and to minimize the amount of diffused dust by contracting the combustion area of a melting furnace and matching the flame direction of a plasma torch with the injection direction of waste matter. CONSTITUTION: A melting chamber(101) and a secondary combustion chamber are connected by an exhaust gas pipe(102) and an exhaust gas discharge port(106). A diameter ratio of the height to the bottom surface of the melting chamber is 0.40-0.65. The flame direction of a plasma torch(103) is opposed to the injection direction of a waste matter injection port(104). A slag discharge port(105) is mounted integrally with the exhaust gas discharge port. The plasma torch has a mounting angle of 50-70 degrees. An injection angle of waste matter into the melting chamber is within a range of 35-50 degrees. The plasma melting furnace has the diameter ratio of the height to the bottom surface of the melting chamber of 0.40-0.65. The combustion area of the melting furnace is reduced remarkably, thereby, absorption heat of furnace refractory is reduced lower than 10% of the total heat consumption. To keep the upper atmospheric temperature of the melting furnace high, the plasma torch supplies a smaller amount of heat than the former melting furnace. The amount of working gas is reduced remarkably, and the generated amount of exhaust gas is inhibited lower than 400Nm¬3 per ton of waste matter. Therefore, the necessary power consumption is saved lower than 0.80kW per 1kg.

Description

플라즈마 용융로{Plasma molten reactor}Plasma molten reactor

본 발명은 플라즈마 용융로에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 중금속 등의 유해물질을 다량으로 함유하고 있는 소각재를 플라즈마 에너지에 의해 고온용융하여 무해한 유리질 슬래그로 안정화시킬 때 소각재 용융에 필요한 소모 전력에너지를 크게 절감하고 비산되는 분진량을 최소화하며 용융슬래그를 연속적으로 배출할 수 있는 플라즈마 용융로에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a plasma melting furnace, and more particularly, when the incineration ash containing a large amount of harmful substances such as heavy metals is melted by plasma energy at high temperature to stabilize the harmless glass slag, the power consumption energy required for incineration ash melting is greatly reduced. The present invention relates to a plasma melting furnace capable of continuously discharging molten slag and minimizing dust scattering.

주지와 같이, 고온용융로는 최근 소각재 등 유해폐기물의 용융처리를 위한 설비로 이용되는 추세에 있다. 주로 제철, 제강분야에서 사용되는 고온용융로는 환경설비로 적용될 때 폐기물의 종류에 따라 여러 가지 유형으로 설계되며 사용되는 열원에 따라 플라즈마식, 아크식 그리고 전기저항식 등으로 분류된다.As is well known, high temperature melting furnaces have recently been used as equipment for melting treatment of hazardous waste such as incineration ash. The high temperature melting furnace mainly used in the field of steelmaking and steelmaking is designed into various types according to the type of waste when applied to environmental facilities and classified into plasma type, arc type and electric resistance type according to the heat source used.

소각재처리용 고온용융로는 비산되는 분진량이 극히 적어야 하고 무해한 유리질 조성으로 형성된 슬래그가 투입된 소각재로부터 분리된 상태에서 배출되어 슬래그의 재오염을 방지하고 배출구의 폐색이 발생되지 않아야 하며, 연속운전을 위하여 슬래그가 연속적으로 원활히 배출되어야 한다.The high temperature melting furnace for incineration ash treatment should be extremely low in the amount of dust to be scattered, and the slag formed with harmless glass composition is discharged from the incineration ash which is injected into it to prevent recontamination of the slag and to prevent the blockage of the outlet. Should be continuously and smoothly discharged.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 소각재처리용 용융로의 정면도이고, 도 2는 도 1에 나타낸 용융로의 좌측면도이다.1 is a front view of a melting furnace for incineration ash treatment according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a left side view of the melting furnace shown in FIG.

용융실(1)과 2차 연소실(2)이 일체형으로 연결되어 있고, 용융실(1)의 높이와 바닥면 직경의 비율은 대략 2.75이며, 플라즈마 토치(3)와 소각재 투입구(4)는 그 화염방향과 소각재 투입방향이 수직을 이루도록 설치된다.The melting chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 are integrally connected, and the ratio of the height of the melting chamber 1 to the diameter of the bottom surface is approximately 2.75, and the plasma torch 3 and the incineration material inlet 4 are It is installed so that the flame direction and the incineration material injection direction are vertical.

소각재 투입구(4)를 통하여 소각재가 투입되면 플라즈마 토치(3)에서 발생되는 고온의 열에 의하여 무기물은 용융되어 슬래그화되고, 중금속은 슬래그에 고용되어 안정화되며, 가연분은 배가스화된다.When the incineration ash is injected through the incineration ash inlet 4, the inorganic material is melted and slag by the high temperature heat generated by the plasma torch 3, the heavy metal is solidified in the slag and stabilized, and the combustible powder is exhaust gas.

용융슬래그는 용융실(1) 측면하단의 슬래그 배출구(5)를 통하여 배출되고, 배가스는 비산되는 분진과 함께 2차 연소로(2)를 거쳐 배가스 출구(6)로 방출된다.The molten slag is discharged through the slag outlet 5 at the lower side of the melting chamber 1, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the exhaust gas outlet 6 via the secondary combustion furnace 2 together with the scattered dust.

전술한 바와 같은 종래 기술에 따른 소각재처리용 용융로는, 용융실의 연소영역이 상당히 크므로 내화물의 흡수열이 전체소모열의 많은 비율(대략 20%)에 해당되고 용융실 상부의 분위기를 고온(약 1,200∼1,300℃)으로 유지하기 위하여 공급되는 토치열량이 크게 증가함에 따라 토치의 작동가스량이 증가하여 배가스 발생량이 현저하게 증가(소각재 1톤처리당 700Nm3)한다. 따라서 소각재 용융에 필요한 전력에너지가 많이 소요(1kg당 1.5kW)되어 소각재 처리비가 상승하고 경제성을 크게 저해한다.As described above, the furnace for incineration ash treatment according to the prior art has a large combustion zone of the melting chamber, so that the heat of absorption of the refractory material corresponds to a large proportion (approximately 20%) of the total heat of exhaustion, and the atmosphere at the top of the melting chamber is maintained at a high temperature (about As the amount of heat of torch supplied to maintain 1,200 ~ 1,300 ℃ is greatly increased, the amount of working gas of torch increases, and the amount of flue gas generated increases (700Nm3 per 1 ton of incineration ash). Therefore, a lot of power energy required to melt the incineration ash (1.5kW per kg) to increase the incineration ash treatment costs and greatly impede economic efficiency.

아울러, 소각재 투입방향이 플라즈마 토치의 화염방향과 수직이기 때문에 토치화염이 투입된 소각재 전체를 가열하지 못하므로 용융되지 않은 소각재가 비산되어 후처리설비에서 포집되는 분진의 발생량(투입된 소각재 중량의 10%를 상회)이 매우 많다. 이는 2차 폐기물을 다량으로 발생시키는 결과를 초래하므로 분진발생량을 최소화하여 후처리설비중 분진제거장치의 소규모화는 물론, 2차 유해물질의 발생을 최대한 억제하여야 한다.In addition, since the incineration ash injection direction is perpendicular to the flame direction of the plasma torch, the entire incineration ash to which the torch flame is injected cannot be heated, so that the unmelted incineration ashes are scattered and the amount of dust collected in the aftertreatment facility (10% of the incineration ash weight injected) There are many). This results in the generation of a large amount of secondary waste, so the amount of dust generated should be minimized to minimize the size of the dust removal device in the aftertreatment facility and to minimize the generation of secondary harmful substances.

또한, 투입되는 소각재가 용융슬래그층 위로 넓게 퍼지면서 반용융된 소각재가 슬래그 배출구로 이동하여 용융 슬래그와 함께 배출되어 무해화, 안정화된 슬래그를 재오염시키거나, 슬래그 배출구를 폐색시켜 슬래그의 연속배출을 저해하므로 연속운전이 불가능하여 운전상의 어려움이 발생하는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, the injected incineration material spreads widely over the molten slag layer, and the semi-melted incineration material moves to the slag outlet port and discharged together with the molten slag to recontaminate the detoxified and stabilized slag, or to block the slag outlet port and continuously discharge the slag. There is a problem that the difficulty in operation because the continuous operation is impossible because it inhibits.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하고자 제안한 것으로서, 용융로의 연소영역을 대폭 축소하고 플라즈마 토치의 화염방향과 소각재 투입방향을 일치시킴으로써, 소각재 용융에 필요한 소모 전력에너지를 크게 절감하며 비산되는 분진량이 최소화되도록 하는 데 그 목적이 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, by greatly reducing the combustion area of the melting furnace and matching the flame direction of the plasma torch and the incineration ash input direction, greatly reducing the power consumption energy required for incineration ash melting The aim is to minimize the amount of dust scattered.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 소각재처리용 용융로의 정면도.1 is a front view of a melting furnace for incineration ash treatment according to the prior art.

도 2는 도 1에 나타낸 용융로의 좌측면도.FIG. 2 is a left side view of the melting furnace shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 소각재처리용 용융로의 정면도.Figure 3 is a front view of the furnace for incineration ash treatment according to the present invention.

도 4는 도 3에 나타낸 용융로의 좌측면도.4 is a left side view of the melting furnace shown in FIG. 3;

*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

101 : 용융실 102 : 배가스 통로101: melting chamber 102: exhaust gas passage

103 : 플라즈마 토치 104 : 소각재 투입구103: plasma torch 104: incineration ash inlet

105 : 슬래그 배출구 106 : 배가스 출구105: slag outlet 106: exhaust gas outlet

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 소각재를 플라즈마 에너지에 의해 고온용융하여 무해한 유리질 슬래그로 안정화시켜 용융슬래그로 배출하는 플라즈마 용융로에 있어서:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a plasma melting furnace in which an incinerator is melted by plasma energy at high temperature, stabilized with harmless glassy slag, and discharged into molten slag:

용융실의 높이와 바닥면 직경의 비율은 0.40 내지 0.65이며, 플라즈마 토치와 소각재 투입구는 그 화염방향과 소각재 투입방향이 서로 반대방향에서 마주 보도록 설치된 것을 특징으로 한다.The ratio of the height of the melting chamber and the diameter of the bottom surface is 0.40 to 0.65, and the plasma torch and the incinerator input port are characterized in that the flame direction and the incinerator input direction are installed to face each other in opposite directions.

바람직하기로, 플라즈마 토치의 설치각도는 수평면에 대해 50 내지 70도 범위내로 장착되고, 소각재면의 용융실내로의 투입각도는 수평면에 대하여 35 내지50도 범위내로 설정된다.Preferably, the installation angle of the plasma torch is mounted within the range of 50 to 70 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the input angle of the incineration ash surface into the melting chamber is set within the range of 35 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

본 발명의 실시예로는 다수개가 존재할 수 있으며, 이하에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 이 실시예를 통해 본 발명의 목적, 특징 및 이점들을 보다 잘 이해할 수 있게 된다.There may be a plurality of embodiments of the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment allows for a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 소각재처리용 용융로의 정면도이고, 도 4는 도 3에 나타낸 용융로의 좌측면도이다.3 is a front view of an incineration ash processing melting furnace according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a left side view of the melting furnace shown in FIG. 3.

용융실(101)과 2차 연소실은 분리되어 배가스 통로(102) 및 배가스 출구(103)에 의하여 연결되고, 용융실(101)의 높이와 바닥면 직경의 비율은 0.40 내지 0.65이며, 플라즈마 토치(103)와 소각재 투입구(104)는 그 화염방향과 소각재 투입방향이 서로 반대방향에서 마주 보도록 설치되고, 슬래그 배출구(105)와 배가스 출구(106)는 일체형으로 설치된다.The melting chamber 101 and the secondary combustion chamber are separated and connected by the exhaust gas passage 102 and the exhaust gas outlet 103, and the ratio of the height of the melting chamber 101 to the bottom diameter is 0.40 to 0.65, and the plasma torch ( 103 and the incineration ash inlet 104 is installed so that the flame direction and the incineration ash input direction face each other in the opposite direction, the slag outlet 105 and the exhaust gas outlet 106 is integrally installed.

플라즈마 토치(103)의 설치각도는 수평면에 대해 50 내지 70도 범위내로 장착되고, 소각재면의 용융실(101)내로의 투입각도는 수평면에 대하여 35 내지 50도 범위내로 설정된다.The installation angle of the plasma torch 103 is mounted within a range of 50 to 70 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the input angle of the incineration material surface into the melting chamber 101 is set within a range of 35 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

이와 같은 구조로 된 본 발명에 따른 플라즈마 용융로는, 용융실(101)의 높이와 바닥면 직경의 비율이 0.40 내지 0.65이므로 종래 기술과 비교하면 용융로의 연소영역이 대폭 축소되어 용융로내화물 흡수열이 크게 감소(대략 전체 소모열량의 10% 이하)된다.Plasma melting furnace according to the present invention having such a structure, since the ratio of the height of the melting chamber 101 and the diameter of the bottom surface is 0.40 to 0.65, compared with the prior art, the combustion area of the melting furnace is greatly reduced, so that the heat of the refractory refractory absorption is greatly increased. Decrease (approximately 10% of the total heat consumed).

아울러, 용융실(101) 상부의 분위기 온도를 고온(약 1,200∼1,300℃)으로 유지하기 위하여 플라즈마 토치(103)에 의하여 공급되는 열량을 종래의 용융로보다 크게 감소시키며 토치의 작동가스량을 현저하게 줄여 배가스 발생량을 소각재 1톤 처리당 대략 400Nm3 이하로 억제한다. 이에 소각재 용융에 필요한 소모 전력 에너지를 소각재 1kg당 약 0.80kW 이하로 절감한다.In addition, in order to maintain the ambient temperature of the upper part of the melting chamber 101 at a high temperature (about 1,200 to 1,300 ° C), the amount of heat supplied by the plasma torch 103 is greatly reduced than that of the conventional melting furnace, and the amount of working gas of the torch is significantly reduced. The amount of flue gas generated is suppressed to about 400 Nm3 or less per tonne of incineration ash. Therefore, the power consumption energy required for melting incineration ash is reduced to about 0.80kW or less per kilogram of incineration ash.

또한, 플라즈마 토치(103)의 방향과 소각재 투입방향이 반대방향으로 마주 보도록 설치되어 있고 플라즈마 토치(103)의 각도가 수평면에 대해 50 내지 70도 범위내로 장착되고 용융실(101)내로 투입되는 소각재면의 각도가 수평면에 대하여 35 내지 50도 범위내로 설정되어 있으므로 플라즈마 토치(103)의 화염에 의하여 소각재 표면전체가 용융된다.In addition, the direction of the plasma torch 103 and the incineration material injection direction are installed so as to face in the opposite direction, the angle of the plasma torch 103 is mounted within the range of 50 to 70 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane and the incineration material injected into the melting chamber 101 Since the angle of the surface is set within the range of 35 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, the entire surface of the incineration ash is melted by the flame of the plasma torch 103.

그러므로, 비산되는 분진량이 소각재 중량의 약 2% 이하로 최소화되며, 이로서 후처리 설비에서 분진제거장치의 소규모화가 가능하고 2차 유해물질의 발생을 최대한 방지한다.Therefore, the amount of dust to be scattered is minimized to about 2% or less of the weight of the incineration ash, thereby minimizing the dust removal apparatus in the aftertreatment plant and preventing the generation of secondary harmful substances as much as possible.

그리고, 용융로 내부의 용융영역이 소각재 투입영역(Ⅰ), 소각재 용융영역(Ⅱ), 슬래그 배출영역(Ⅲ)으로 분리되므로 순차적이고도 연속적으로 투입, 용융 그리고 배출공정이 수행되어 반용융된 소각재배출에 의한 무해화 슬래그의 재오염 현상이 최대한 방지되고 슬래그 배출구(105)의 폐색없이 용융슬래그가 연속적으로 자동배출된다.In addition, since the melting zone inside the melting furnace is divided into the incineration ash input region (I), the incineration ash melting region (II), and the slag discharge region (III), the semi-melted incineration ash discharge is performed sequentially and continuously. Re-contamination of the harmless slag by the maximal prevention is prevented and the molten slag is automatically discharged continuously without blocking the slag outlet 105.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은, 소각재 용융에 필요한 전력에너지를 최소화하여 소각재 용융처리의 경제성을 크게 향상시키고 분진 발생량을 최대한 억제하여 2차 유해물질의 발생을 최소화하므로 설비의 소규모화를 실현하여 설비의 단가가 크게 절감된다.As described above, the present invention minimizes the power energy required for incineration ash melting, thereby greatly improving the economics of the incineration ash melting process, minimizing the generation of dust and minimizing the generation of secondary harmful substances, thereby realizing the small scale of the equipment, thereby reducing the cost of the equipment. Is greatly reduced.

또한, 무해화된 슬래그의 재오염 현상을 최대한 방지하고 슬래그를 연속적으로 자동배출하므로 연속운전을 수행하여 대량의 유해 폐기물을 효율적이고도 경제적으로 처리하는 효과가 있다.In addition, it is possible to prevent the recontamination of the harmless slag to the maximum and to automatically discharge the slag continuously to perform a continuous operation has the effect of efficiently and economically treating a large amount of hazardous waste.

Claims (3)

소각재를 플라즈마 에너지에 의해 고온용융하여 무해한 유리질 슬래그로 안정화시켜 용융슬래그로 배출하는 플라즈마 용융로에 있어서:In a plasma melting furnace in which an incinerator is hot melted by plasma energy, stabilized with harmless glassy slag, and discharged into molten slag: 용융실의 높이와 바닥면 직경의 비율은 0.40 내지 0.65이며, 플라즈마 토치와 소각재 투입구는 그 화염방향과 소각재 투입방향이 서로 반대방향에서 마주 보도록 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 플라즈마 용융로.The ratio of the height of the melting chamber and the diameter of the bottom surface is 0.40 to 0.65, and the plasma torch and the incinerator input port are installed so that the flame direction and the incinerator input direction face each other in opposite directions. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 플라즈마 토치의 설치각도는 수평면에 대해 50 내지 70도 범위내로 장착된 것을 특징으로 하는 플라즈마 용융로.Plasma melting furnace characterized in that the installation angle of the plasma torch is mounted within the range of 50 to 70 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 용융실내로의 소각재면 투입각도는 수평면에 대하여 35 내지 50도 범위내로 설정된 것을 특징으로 하는 플라즈마 용융로.The incineration ash surface input angle into the melting chamber is set in the range of 35 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane plasma melting furnace.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100725662B1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2007-06-08 학교법인 인하학원 Method and device for treating waste mixed incinerated ash with sludge by thermal-plasma
KR20220027349A (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-08 한국핵융합에너지연구원 Cyclonic plasma melting furnace

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100725662B1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2007-06-08 학교법인 인하학원 Method and device for treating waste mixed incinerated ash with sludge by thermal-plasma
KR20220027349A (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-08 한국핵융합에너지연구원 Cyclonic plasma melting furnace

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