KR20010078426A - Dialysis membrane cell unit for fresh-waterizing of sea-water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An electrodialysis membrane cell unit of a sea water desalinization equipment is provided, which forms water paths by combining a desalinization chamber frame and a concentration chamber frame in itself and so can compact the system highly and prevent any electric leak. The structure of the equipment is so simple and easy to assemble, so that it can be utilized to various sizes of membrane and cell. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a cell unit composed of compact plates(15,16), an anion exchange membrane (2) , spacers (1,6), a cation exchange membrane (3), an anion exchange membrane (2). The compact plates (15,16) and spacers (6,1) have four projections of penetrating holes for forming a water supplying path and a water discharging path.

Description

Dialysis membrane cell unit for fresh-waterizing of sea-water}

The present invention relates to an electrodialysis membrane cell unit of a seawater desalination apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a structure of an electrodialysis membrane cell unit of a compressed electrodialysis apparatus capable of producing fresh water from seawater.

The continuous water type electrodialysis apparatus capable of desalination of seawater by electrolysis or production of high concentration brine has a cell composed of an anion exchange membrane, a cation exchange membrane, and a spacer (SPACER) between the positive and negative electrodes disposed in the electrolytic cell. Each spacer is provided with a space passage for the solution to move, so that the dialysis fluid flows along the surface of the ion exchange membrane, and electrodialysis occurs. In the case of an electrolytic device that can produce valuable metals, acids, and alkalis from seawater using the same principle as the electrodialysis device, an ion exchange membrane is not used, but an electrolytic chamber in which several corresponding electrodes are separated by spacers is connected in series. And the inlet and outlet of the electrolyte has a structure made by drilling a hole in the top and bottom of the electrode and spacer assembly.

An example of such a prior art is Utility Model Publication No. 93-1243. In this prior art, an inlet of an electrolyte solution is provided at a lower part of an electrolytic cell, and an outlet of an electrolyte solution is provided at an upper part thereof. An opening is provided at a corresponding position, and an opening is provided at a corresponding position of the outlet at the other negative plate, and an opening is provided at a corresponding position of the inlet and the outlet at the positive electrode plate and the spacer. It discloses the structure which can deliver seawater with the efficiency as conventionally without work. However, the design of the prior art makes the same size of the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the spacer, and by using a hole in the upper or lower portion as the inlet and outlet of the electrolyte, electricity flows with the solution through these inlets and outlets. Treatment efficiency is reduced, such as use of a short circuit, and if the device is operated for a long time, it causes a problem in that the device is damaged and the electrodes are damaged.

Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention have invented a simple and efficient electrodialysis membrane cell unit having a simple structure that can be easily assembled and replaced after several years of research.

The present invention relates to an electrochemical treatment apparatus of seawater. In particular it relates to the structure of an electrodialysis membrane apparatus capable of producing fresh water from seawater.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrodialysis membrane cell unit for a seawater desalination device of an improved structure that is easy to replace and assemble.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an electrodialysis membrane cell unit which is low in operating cost and efficient.

1 is a plan view of the spacer of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B and line B'-B 'of FIG. 1;

4 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention electrodialysis membrane cell unit.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: spacer 2: anion exchange membrane

3: cation exchange membrane 4: through hole

5: cell 6: spacer

7: frame 8: protrusion

9a: feedwater 10: desalination chamber

11: concentration room 12: water inlet

13: drain

The electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention opposes two compression plates provided with electrodes having different polarities, and alternately replaces the cell units composed of one anion exchange membrane, one cation exchange membrane, and two spacers between the compression plate electrodes. It is arranged in an arrangement. The spacer has four protrusions having through holes formed at both ends thereof, and two of the protrusions have a groove for a water channel of a solution in a fan shape. It is in charge of supplying the stock of seawater and draining the treated water. In addition, the two spacers are the same in shape, but the water supply paths are formed in the left projection and the right projection, respectively, so as to cross each other at the time of coupling. Drainage locations are also staggered.

The cell units thus constructed are assembled in hundreds according to the capacity of the electrodialysis membrane device to form a membrane stack (membrane stack), wherein the membrane stock is tightly fixed by a tightening device, and by this coupling, the through hole and the fan-shaped shape are combined. The grooves of the raw water, demineralized water, concentrated water flowing into the covered channel, connected to the pipe installed on the pressing plate 15 to make a channel.

It is a feature of the present invention that the size of the ion exchange membranes are designed to be smaller than the size of the spacers, and the inlet and outlet of the solution are arranged in holes and grooves only on the frame of the spacer. It can be done efficiently.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, the spacer 1 of the electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention has a rectangular picture frame, and four protrusions 8 having through holes 4 are formed in a lower frame, and a double diagonal line is formed. In the two projections in the direction, when combined with the other spacer 6 or the pressing plate, a fan-shaped groove is dug so as to form a water supply passage 9a which communicates with the through hole 4 and the cell. The spacer 6 is a mirror image of the spacer 1.

Referring to Figure 3, the electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention is basically an anion exchange membrane (2), a spacer (1), a cation exchange membrane (3), a spacer (6) are sequentially bonded and the anion exchange membrane (2) and the cation exchange membrane The space between (3) forms the cell which comprises the desalination chamber 10 and the concentration chamber 11. The desalination chamber 10 is in communication with the demineralization drain 13 through the drainage passage 9b, and the concentration chamber 11 is also in communication with the brine drain (not shown) through the rear drainage passage (not shown). That is, one of the two drains is used as the demineralized water drain and the other as the brine drain. At this time, the spacer 1 and the spacer 6 used are different from each other only in the positions of the water supply passage 9a and the drain passage 9b in the same frame. For example, when joining, the water supply passage of the spacer 1 and the water supply passage of the spacer 6 are arranged so as to cross each other (see FIG. 4).

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, the electrodialysis membrane of the present invention is a pressing plate attached with an electrode 15, anion exchange membrane (2), spacer (1), cation exchange membrane (3), spacer (6) ), Followed by anion exchange membrane (2). The anion exchange membrane 2, the spacer 1, and the cation exchange membrane 3 directly below the pressing plate 15 combine to form a concentration chamber 11, and the cation exchange membrane 3 and the spacer 6 at the bottom thereof. ), The anion exchange membrane (2) is combined to form a desalination chamber (10). As such, the concentration chamber 11 and the desalination chamber 10 are alternately made, and the channel of the concentrated water and the channel of the demineralized water may be changed by changing the polarity of the electrode. Seawater desalination devices are made of membrane stock consisting of dozens or hundreds of such cell units and electrodes. Coupling method is to make a hole through the pressing plate 15 and the spacer frame, the pressing plate 16 to be fixed tightly by a conventional tightening device that is tightened with bolts and nuts. Reference numeral 14 is a water pipe connected to the water supply port 12 of the raw water.

In the prior art, holes have been used in the spacers to supply seawater to be desalted into the desalination chamber or the concentration chamber, and since the frame thickness of the industrial electrodialysis membrane device is very small, 1.0-1.2 mm, it is technical As very difficult. A method which solves this problem in essence easily and easily has been disclosed in the present invention. The superiority of the present invention is to fabricate a frame portion that has a small passageway and has a channel that penetrates with the formation of a covered passageway when joined.

The electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention configured as described above is operated in the following manner. Desalination raw water flows into the water supply port 12, goes to the desalination chamber 10 through the water supply passage 9a, and is desalted while being dispersed along the surface of the ion exchange membrane, and the generated demineralized water is drained through the drain passage 9b. Discharged to (13). Concentrated concentrates also behave similarly.

In the structure of the present invention, there is no cross flow between the desalination chamber 10 and the concentration chamber 11 because the passages of the solution entering and exiting the solution are separated from each other and along the passage covered with the supply of the solution. . In addition, the structure of the present invention, since the ion exchange membrane does not reach the water supply port 12 or the drain port 13, there is no contact with the water channel, there is no current leakage, and the ion exchange membrane can be prevented from melting. The fundamental difference between the conventional electrodialysis machine and the electrodialysis machine of the present invention is that the passages of the raw water, the desalting liquid, and the concentrated liquid are conventionally provided through both the spacer and the ion exchange membrane. Will.

Comparing the performance of the electrodialysis apparatus of the present invention prepared in this way with the conventional electrodialysis apparatus on the market is shown in Table 1 below.

Item Conventional Equipment (EDU-M-3002 ^* ) The present invention device Membrane size (mm) 400 X 400 480x740 Spacer type Labyrinth Water channel Frame thickness (mm) 1.0 1.2 Membrane effective area (%) 68 74 Processing performance (ℓ / hr) 1.45 5.0 Power Consumption (KWH / ℓ) 2.3 1.12 Sulfuric acid consumption amount (㎏ / ℓ) 0.093 -

* Made by AEMZ-Almata Electro-Mechanical

As can be seen from the table, the treatment performance of the electrodialysis membrane device of the present invention is 5.0L / hr, which is 3.4 times larger than that of the conventional electrodialysis membrane device, while the power consumption is only 1/2, which is 1.12KWH / L.

The frame of the electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention, as described above, is formed in the desalination chamber frame and the condensation chamber frame itself to form a channel covered by the combination, which ensures high intensiveness of the process and prevents leakage of unnecessary electricity to improve work efficiency Do it. The structure of the electrodialysis membrane cell unit of the present invention is simple, economical and useful for cell units of various sizes. This makes it possible to produce particularly productive devices.

Claims (5)

A pressure plate provided with electrodes having different polarities is disposed to face each other, and cell units including one anion exchange membrane, one cation exchange membrane, and two spacers are alternately arranged between the pressing plate electrodes, and the spacers are arranged at both ends of the frame. 4. An electrodialysis membrane cell unit, comprising: four projections having through holes forming a water supply passage and a drainage passage, two of which are spacers each having grooves for water passages connected to the cells in the through holes. The electrodialysis membrane cell unit according to claim 1, wherein the water supply passage and the drainage passage are fan-shaped grooves that form a water channel covered when the two spacers combine. 2. The electrodialysis membrane cell unit according to claim 1, wherein the feed passages and the drain passages of the spacers are disposed diagonally, and the feed passages of the cells are located at the left and right protrusions, respectively, so as to cross each other when combined. The electrodialysis membrane cell unit of claim 1, wherein the size of the ion exchange membrane is smaller than that of the spacer. [5] The electrodialysis membrane cell unit according to claim 1, wherein the water supply passage and the drain passage through hole and the channel groove have a through hole and a groove formed only on a frame of the spacer.