KR20010077414A - Multiple grate incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A multi-stage grate incinerator is provided to achieve a complete combustion and to properly mix sludge cake having much moisture with solid waste by gradually dropping the waste and supplying air. CONSTITUTION: A multi-stage grate incinerator comprises an outlet port(11) discharging ash of incinerated waste, a main air supply port(12) supplying air for combustion, a waste inlet port(13) installed in an upper portion to supply waste to an inner central portion, a combustion body(10) having a second combustion chamber(14), a cylindrical rotating shaft(20) rotatably installed in the inner center of the combustion body and connected to a secondary air supply port(15) for supplying air from the exterior, a drive motor(30) connected to the rotating shaft to transmit power generated by driving the rotating shaft, a multi-stage body(41) penetrated through the rotating shaft and fixed in the combustion body to mix and receive waste in multiple stages, a multi-stage grate(40) having many air spray holes(43a,43b), an air exhaust pipe(51) communicated to upper end of the rotating shaft, and waste mixing members(50) vertically installed in the upper face of the body while having nozzle pipes(52) for drying and mixing the waste by spraying air. By periodically dropping waste and mixing the waste with air, complete combustion is achieved.

Description

Multiple grate incinerator

The present invention relates to a multi-stage grate type incinerator, and more particularly, to incinerate raw sludge, cake or solid waste generated in various treatment plants, while continuously feeding the middle and small incinerators to the center of the multistage grate. From the multi-stage grate, together with the air supply for combustion, the waste is dropped in multiple stages to achieve a good mixing of sludge cakes or solid wastes with a high moisture content, thereby achieving complete combustion and significantly reducing air pollution.

Currently, domestic environmental laws have banned landfilling of organic sludges since 2001, and are now in the situation of replacing millions of tons of sludge produced domestically by incineration, melt coagulation and composting. Among these methods, incineration technology is recognized as the most suitable technology as an alternative treatment technology instead of landfill.

In conventional sludge incinerators, fluidized bed incinerators, multiphase incinerators and rotary kiln incinerators are used, but fluidized bed and rotary kiln incinerators have an uneconomical disadvantage that requires excessive installation and operation costs.

Since the multiphase incinerator has a large number of phases (7-9 stages) and a heavy polyphase rotates, waste is mixed, the power consumption is large and rotation of an overweight is a cause of frequent failure. In addition, the apparatus for mixing the sludge cake has a problem that as the incineration apparatus is enlarged, its structure is complicated, and the combustion of the sludge layer to be combusted is not possible, so that it is impossible to completely burn the sludge cake. Since the feed must be continuously supplied, the amount of enormous fuel usage increases and the sludge cake processing capacity per unit time is substantially inefficient compared to the use of fuel, so there is a limit to unconditionally increasing the scope of the incinerator.

Large incinerators use mobile grate to promote the mixing of solid waste. However, in medium and small incinerators, it is generally not possible to mechanically use a mobile grate or to separately install a solid waste mixing device. As a result, the incineration rate is low and harmful gases are generated, causing air pollution problems.

As described above, when the sludge cake or the solid wastes are treated in an incinerator, when the moisture content exceeds 50%, it is difficult to maintain the combustion chamber atmosphere temperature due to the high latent heat of evaporation, thereby releasing a large amount of pollutants by incomplete combustion.

Therefore, the auxiliary fuel is used to maintain the atmosphere of the combustion chamber at a certain temperature (about 850 ° C.) or more, but there is a problem that incomplete combustion occurs despite the high temperature, especially when the waste is not mixed smoothly.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, while continuously feeding fresh sludge, cake or solid waste generated in various treatment plants to the center of the multi-stage grate, in addition to the air supply for combustion from the multi-stage grate The purpose of this is to drop the waste in multiple stages so that a good mixing of the sludge cake or solid waste with a high moisture content is achieved so that it can be completely combusted.

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, in the incinerator having a medium and small combustion chamber, a discharge port for discharging the ash of the waste incinerated in the lower portion, a main air supply port for supplying air required for combustion, A waste inlet configured to be provided at one side of the upper portion to supply waste to the inner central upper portion, and a combustion chamber body in which a second combustion chamber is successively provided at the upper portion; A cylindrical rotating shaft rotatably installed in the inner center of the combustion chamber body, and having a secondary air supply port connected to a lower portion thereof to supply air from the outside; A driving motor connected to the rotating shaft and transmitting power according to the rotating drive of the rotating shaft; It is installed through the rotary shaft, and fixed in the combustion chamber body is formed in a multi-stage body, and a plurality of air injection holes are formed in a position close to each outer circumference and the upper edge of the body to receive the step by step mixing the waste, A multi-stage grate configured to allow the main air supply port to be connected to a lower portion of the air inlet; Air discharge pipes are installed on both sides of the upper end of the rotary shaft and are installed at equal intervals on the bottom of the air discharge pipes and are vertically positioned on the upper surface of each of the multi-stage body, respectively, spraying the discharged air to dry and mix the waste. There is provided a multi-stage grate type incinerator composed of a waste mixing element equipped with a nozzle tube.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the present inventors multi-stage grate type incinerator;

2 is a perspective view of a main part according to the present invention;

3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion “A” of FIG. 1;

※ Explanation of code about main part of drawing ※

10: combustion chamber body 11: ash discharge outlet

12: main air inlet 13: waste inlet

14: Secondary combustion chamber 15: Secondary air supply port

20: axis of rotation 30: drive motor

40: multistage grate 41: body

43a, 43b: air sprayer 50: waste mixing member

51: air discharge pipe 52: nozzle pipe

53: Mixed wing

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a multi-stage grate type incinerator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main portion according to the present invention, and FIG.

The most important point in incineration of solid wastes with high moisture content, such as sludge cakes from sewage treatment plants, water treatment plants, food waste treatment plants and wastewater treatment plants, must be properly mixed. In the case of wastes with high water content, the evaporation of water and volatile pyrolysis occur as an endothermic reaction before combustion, so a large amount of thermal energy is required, and since the generated steam and volatile gas can be discharged and burned quickly, incineration can occur smoothly. It is important.

The present invention seeks to facilitate such waste mixing. In an incinerator having a small combustion chamber, the combustion chamber of the incinerator has a ash outlet 11 for discharging ash of incinerated waste, a main air supply 12 for supplying air required for combustion, and an upper portion of the combustion chamber. Composed of the combustion chamber body 10 is provided with a waste inlet 13 is installed to guide / supply the waste to the upper inner center. The secondary combustion chamber 14 is connected to the upper side of the main body 10 is installed so as to communicate.

A rotary shaft 20 having a predetermined diameter is installed at an inner center of the combustion chamber main body 10 so that waste falling from the waste inlet 13 may be sequentially mixed with the air required for combustion. The secondary air supply port 15 is connected to the lower portion of the cylindrical shape to supply air from the outside air source, the lower portion of the rotating shaft 20 is installed to enable power transmission in accordance with the gear of the gear, Rotational drive is connected to the drive motor 30 is installed.

In addition, a multistage body 41 is fixedly installed in the combustion chamber main body 12 so as to penetrate around the rotary shaft 20 so as to be arranged in the order of the smaller diameter toward the upper layer and mix the wastes which are seated on each upper surface. The body 41 is provided with a multi-stage grate 40 in which a plurality of air injection holes 43a and 43b are formed at positions adjacent to the outer periphery and the upper edge.

On the other hand, both sides of the upper end of the rotary shaft 20 has a predetermined length in communication with the air discharge pipe 51 is installed on the bottom surface of the air discharge pipe 51 at equal intervals and located above the multi-stage body 41. The waste mixing member 50 which consists of the nozzle pipe 52 for spraying and conveying the air conveyed and installed vertically so that each waste may be installed is installed.

One end of the nozzle tube 52 is provided with a mixing blade 53 rotatable by the air pressure transferred from the nozzle tube to evenly spray the hot air to the waste placed on the body 41.

The multi-stage form of the body 41 of the multi-stage grate 40 is the same number of nozzle tubes 52 of the waste mixing member 50, it is preferable that at least two of them are installed.

The nozzle tube 52 of the waste mixing member 50 through the rotary shaft 20 is sprayed with preheated air according to the high heat generated by the combustion to dehydrate the water of the sludge and solid waste with water content. It is preferable that the air discharge pipe 51 and the rotating shaft 20 including the nozzle pipe 52 are made of a refractory pipe capable of withstanding high temperature heat.

Referring to the operation and effect on the multi-stage grate-type incinerator of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

2 is a multi-stage grate for treating sludge cakes or solid wastes having a water content of about 50 to 60% by using a sludge dewatering device generated in a sewage treatment plant, a water treatment plant, a food waste treatment plant, a wastewater treatment plant, and the like. (40) As an incinerator, various sludges and solid wastes flowing from the waste inlet 13 in the upper portion fall to the upper center of the rotating shaft 20, and the falling wastes are seated on the uppermost layer of the body 41 of the multi-stage grate 40. do.

In the above state, the rotary shaft 20 rotated by the driving of the motor 30 sends the air upward through the secondary air supply port 15 installed in the lower portion thereof, and the waste is installed to be integrally communicated with the upper portion. Rotating the air discharge pipe 51 of the mixing member 50, wherein the nozzle tube 52 is provided with a different length on the bottom surface of the air discharge pipe 51 is rotated together with the rotating shaft 20 to the upper layer of the body 41 It stirs and spreads the various wastes located at evenly, and then drops the wastes to a place formed perpendicular to the body 41 in succession, and this operation intermittently mixes the wastes from the moment when the wastes are continuously introduced. Drop it.

From the upper surface of the body 41 of the upper multi-stage grate 40, waste is mixed while falling from the center to the outside and from the outside to the lower part of the wider diameter. Here, the waste is not only mixed but also preheated air from the nozzle tube 52 through the air discharge pipe 51 of the waste mixing member 50 which is rotated to supply heat and oxygen necessary for water evaporation and combustion. It is injected to the sludge layer, in which the mixing blade 53 is rotated by the air pressure is installed on one end of the nozzle pipe 52 to minimize the moisture content to help the complete combustion of the waste.

On the other hand, if it is difficult to maintain the proper atmosphere temperature in the combustion chamber according to the type of waste, it is possible to ensure the appropriate temperature (850 ℃) and gas residence time (2 seconds or more) by using the auxiliary fuel.

In addition, from the moment the various wastes mixed as described above are seated on each body 41 of the multi-stage grate 40, the wastes are formed on the upper surface of the body 41, and a plurality of air injection holes 43a and edges. The inflow of the main air required for combustion from the air supply port 12 on the lower side of the combustion chamber is mixed with the air discharged from the plurality of air injection holes 43b formed in the outer periphery, and the flame and the high temperature in the combustion chamber In addition to the combustion gases, the rapid evaporation of the waste water occurs rapidly.

After the water evaporation is completed, the waste is smoothly mixed in the process of dropping to the intermediate stage in order to cause the volatilization and pyrolysis reaction, thereby facilitating the evaporation and pyrolysis reaction. The waste ash combusted from the lowermost side of the body 41 is cooled and discharged to the ash discharge port 11 provided in the lower portion of the combustion chamber body 10.

Meanwhile, volatile matter and fixed carbon generated in the combustion chamber in which the multistage grate 40 is installed are burned on the multistage grate 40, and some unburned gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 14 to be completely combusted.

At this time, in the upper combustion chamber of the multi-stage grate 40 is simply designed to form a strong swirl flow to induce the complete combustion of unburned gas to suppress the generation of pollutants such as incomplete combustion gas and dioxins.

That is, incineration in the present invention is the most important factor in the combustion of solid waste including sludge is the heat transfer required in the evaporation, pyrolysis process and the smooth oxygen supply in the combustion process, waste mixing member (50) in accordance with the rotation drive of the rotary shaft 20 ) Allows the complete combustion of sludge and other solid wastes and minimizes the release of pollutants by supplying preheated air to the solid waste layer while simultaneously moving and mixing the sludge cakes or solid wastes in a stepwise manner. There is this.

As described above, the sludge cake or solid waste generated in the sewage treatment plant, water treatment plant, food waste treatment plant, wastewater treatment plant, etc. is periodically dropped from the multi-stage body of the multi-stage grate using the rotation of the mixing member according to the rotary shaft drive. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and dioxins by installing a rotary mixing device on the multi-stage grate, which is difficult to apply in medium and small solid waste incinerators, by allowing smooth mixing with air at the same time. For high moisture content wastes, such as sludge cakes or solid wastes, it is possible to provide the time and thermal energy required for water evaporation.

Claims (2)

In an incinerator having a small combustion chamber, An outlet 11 for discharging ash of the waste incinerated in the lower part, A main air supply port 12 for supplying air required for combustion; A waste inlet (13) installed at one side of the upper part to supply waste to the inner center upper part, A combustion chamber body 10 having a secondary combustion chamber 14 successively provided thereon; A cylindrical rotating shaft 20 rotatably installed at an inner center of the combustion chamber body 10 and having a secondary air supply port 15 connected to a lower portion thereof to supply air from the outside; A drive motor 30 connected to the rotary shaft 20 to transmit power according to the rotary drive of the rotary shaft 20; Is installed penetrating around the rotating shaft 20, fixedly installed in the combustion chamber body (10) and the multi-stage body (41) for stepping down and mixing waste, and A plurality of air injection holes 43a and 43b are formed at positions adjacent to each outer periphery and the upper edge of the body 41, and the main air inlet 12 is connected to the lower portion to allow air to flow therein. A multi-stage grate 40; An air discharge pipe 51 installed on both sides of the upper end of the rotary shaft 20 so as to communicate with the inside; Nozzle tubes are installed on the bottom of the air discharge pipe 51 at equal intervals and vertically positioned on the upper surface of each of the multi-stage body 41 to spray and discharge the discharged air while rotating together with the rotating shaft to dry and mix the waste ( 52) multi-stage grate type incinerator, characterized in that consisting of the waste mixing member 50 is installed. The multi-stage grate type incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a mixing blade (53) is installed inside the nozzle tube (52) for injecting preheated air while the secondary air flows and is cooled.