KR20010067995A - The method and apparatus for heating and unheated system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A cooling or heating method of a heat pump air conditioner is provided to reach to the set temperature promptly in cooling or heating, and to reduce energy dissipation by converting into low-speed operation with an inverter circuit. CONSTITUTION: An air conditioner of a water contact heat pump is composed of an indoor unit, and an outdoor unit. The outdoor unit consists of an expansion valve(D1) changing intermediate temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant into the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant by adiabatic expansion; a water contact outdoor heat exchanger(A) vaporizing and condensing the refrigerant by using water, and changing a phase of refrigerant by latent heat; and a compressor(B) changing into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas by compressing the gas refrigerant through the heat exchanger. The indoor unit has a drive controller of a digital circuit, an expansion valve(D2), and an indoor heat exchanger(C) vaporizing and condensing the refrigerant from the expansion valve and the compressor and offering or taking latent heat indoors. The outdoor heat exchanger includes a vaporizing and condensing unit, a refrigerator(18), a cooling tower(19), a water heater(20), and a water tank.

Description

Water contact type heat pump air conditioner and method for heating and using the same {The method and apparatus for heating and unheated system}

The present invention relates to a water contact type heat pump air conditioner mixed with a heater and an air conditioner, and a cooling and heating method using the same. In brief, the present invention relates to a normal air conditioning operation by changing a pressure and a temperature of a refrigerant circulated during an air conditioning operation to an optimal state. The present invention relates to a water contact heat pump air conditioner mixed with a heater and an air conditioner, and a cooling and heating method using the same.

To date, there is no water-contact air-conditioner using direct refrigerant, and there is no air contact air-conditioner in the existing (domestic and foreign) heat pump air-conditioning system. Compressor driving method (constant speed, pole change type, inverter type) and gas, Engine driven compression methods using diesel and kerosene as fuel have been introduced and used.

Korean Patent Publication No. 248719 discloses a compressor for compressing a refrigerant and forcibly circulating the refrigerant in a refrigerant cycle including an indoor heat exchanger, a four-sided side, an expansion side, a receiver, a liquid separator, the receiver and a liquid separator. The air-conditioner cycle is composed of a bypass pipe for connecting the, and a refrigerant control means and a heater installed in the bypass pipe,

In Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 99-14403, the inlet port of the first cylinder is connected to the aerator, the exhaust port of the first cylinder is connected to the inlet port of the second cylinder, and the exhaust port of the second cylinder is connected to the condenser. There is described a compressor for a cooler or a freezer, which has a compression chamber volume gradually decreasing in communication with each other and compresses a refrigerant in multiple stages.

Publication No. 98-24625 discloses a first cooling process in an external cooling cylinder, consisting of a double wall having an opening vertically, accommodating a Chinese medicine, and having a predetermined space in an essential temperature gradient multistage chiller. And a second cooling process is performed in a vertical pipe installed on a substantially coaxial shaft in the outer cooling cylinder, and a third cooling process is performed in a third cooling process in the inner cooling cylinder penetrating the vertical pipe. It is

In Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2000-24793, an air conditioner without an outdoor unit (aka: window type, constant speed ON / OFF detachable type) passes through a capillary and is sucked into the compressor by an electric heating wire or a condenser in a low compression line. There is no outdoor unit that prevents supercooling of refrigerant gas by returning heat from the condensation hot air generated by the fan or the high pressure line branching from the high pressure side line constituting the condenser to the outer periphery of the low compression line connected to the compressor. Low pressure refrigerant temperature riser of the air conditioner is described,

The Korean Utility Model Registration No. 130652 has an evaporation unit in which an absorption liquid and a condensation refrigerant contact the inside and outside of a heating and cooling unit of a heat pipe, and an operating medium for connecting the opposite side out of the cooling and heating unit to cool the absorption heat and the condensation heat using air. Compact absorption type using heat pipe which inserts enclosed heat pipe from the air conditioner side and arranges the cooling fin so as to have a wide contact area outside the heat pipe not inserted in air conditioner, and cools the cooling fin and the side pipe with suctioned cooling air. The air conditioner is open to the public,

In Publication No. 2000-32356, one compressor is used, and the mixed refrigerant including the first, second and third refrigerants is sequentially evaporated to generate ultra low temperature by evaporation of the third refrigerant in the evaporator. The vaporized gas is described as a cryogenic multi-stage refrigeration unit to recover the compressor again,

The conventional air contact heat pump air conditioner technology and the products introduced as described above, when the outside air temperature gradually decreases during the heating operation, the amount of heat absorbed from the outside air decreases, which is mainly dependent on the compression heat of the compressor, and eventually the heating load (mainly the compressor). ), The energy consumption (electricity, gas, oil, etc.) is increased and the constant speed type (220V, 1Φ, 60HZ) is near 0 ℃ ~ -3 ℃. (220V, 1Φ, 60HZ) type over -2 ℃ ~ -4 ℃, inverter type (220V or 380V, 3Φ, 30HZ ~ 130HZ) overload the compressor near -10 ℃ [Refrigerant in some liquid state (low temperature low pressure Of gas and liquid) flows into the compressor] and the efficiency drops sharply, and when the outside temperature drops gradually, the compressor reaches a dangerous state. In the case of gas and oil engine driven compression, the compressor is overloaded with an ambient temperature around -15 ℃. Takes-around 20 degrees Celsius It reaches a steep state (outside temperature state and the same electric drive type when lowering).

In addition, the frost occurs frequently in the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator when the outside air temperature is around 0 ℃ ~ -5 ℃ during the heating operation (water vapor generated by condensation due to the contact of the low temperature refrigerant evaporator with the outside air freezes). It is necessary to separate the defrosting operation to prevent latent heat from being removed.

To this end, in the case of the electric drive compression method, by bypassing a portion of the gas refrigerant tube of the high temperature and high pressure state exiting the compressor (by-pass) to remove frost by the latent heat of condensation discharged through the evaporator of the outdoor unit heat exchanger, Although it is connected to an accumulator, the defrosting operation must be stopped for the main operation after achieving the purpose of defrosting due to the refrigerant pressure and temperature difference between the liquid separator and the main operation and the defrosting operation simultaneously. There is a drawback that it is impossible to operate the vehicle, and the main operation must be stopped and defrosting is performed separately for 5-10 minutes during repeated operation or during the main operation.

In the case of gas engine driving compression system, it bypasses high temperature gas engine array (exhaust gas, cooling water heat) and passes through the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator to remove frost, supply latent absorption heat, and use it well -15 ℃ From the vicinity, there has been a problem that the efficiency drops rapidly (because the phase change of the refrigerant is unstable at the time of the decrease in the outside air temperature, which is unsafe).

Recently, the electric inverter type air conditioner and gas engine driven air conditioner adopting a drive control unit using a digital circuit minimizes energy consumption such as electricity and gas with automatic control technology to control the increase and decrease of the driving load according to the change of the outside temperature and the room temperature. In addition to heating and heating, the heating and cooling effect has been increased, and the life of the equipment has been extended.However, the outside air temperature in the winter falls below -10 ℃ after day and night below zero (0 ℃) due to failure to overcome the above limitations during heating (2000). In December and January 2001, the lowest temperature in Seoul is -23 ℃. In Korea, there have been problems in use due to the exposure of defects such as the interruption of heating operation.

During the cooling operation, the low temperature side is operated at the image (mostly 18 ℃ or higher), so the refrigerant evaporates near -40 ℃ ~ -44 ℃ at atmospheric pressure (1Kg / ㎠). Since the low temperature is always above the phase change limit of the refrigerant in the heat extraction from the high temperature side and the high temperature side is removed, conventional compressors have been developed without major problems because they absorb a lot of heat from the low temperature side and have a small compression load dedicated to the compressor. It is operating until.

However, there is a limit to the cooling speed that reaches the set temperature of the room at the time of actual cooling, and there is a limit due to the increase of the cooling load even at the low temperature set temperature of the room. There have been limitations in operating efficiency and cooling speed such as increase.

In order to solve the problems of the air contact type heat pump air conditioner as described above, the present invention devised a water contact type heat pump air-conditioning method, it operates normally even under the ambient temperature -30 ℃ during heating operation, in the case of electric inverter type In the low frequency range (30HZ ~ 90HZ), the gas and oil engine types operate economically at a low rpm (rpm) range, and at the same time, economically operate at the same time as cooling, and at the same time, the speed of reaching the indoor set temperature is increased and the minimum set temperature limit range is also achieved. When both air conditioners and air conditioners reach a high speed, they immediately switch to low speed operation using the existing inverter (digital) circuit, which greatly saves energy for both cooling and heating. It is an object of the present invention to provide a contact heat pump air conditioner and a cooling and heating method using the same.

1 is a flow chart of a conventional air contact air conditioner heating cycle

2 is a flow chart of a conventional air contact type air conditioner cooling cycle

3 is a flow diagram of a water contact heat pump heating cycle according to the present invention.

4 is a flow chart of a water contact heat pump cooling cycle according to the present invention.

5 is a block diagram of an inverter heat pump cycle using water contact air conditioner of the present invention

Figure 6 water-contact air-conditioner gas and diesel, kerosene engine heat of the present invention

Pump Cycle Diagram

7 is a configuration diagram of the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger

8 is a detailed configuration of the expansion valve piping of the present invention

Fig. 9 Basic diagram of Rankine cycle in heating and cooling

Figure 10 Rankine cycle T-S diagram when heating of the present invention

Fig. 11 Rankine cycle P-h diagram at the time of heating of this invention

Figure 12 Rankine cycle T-S diagram at the time of cooling of the present invention

Figure 13 Rankine cycle P-h diagram during cooling of the present invention

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

Drive controller (1), electromagnetic expansion valve (2, 2 '), refrigerant filler receiver tank (3), subcooler (4), water contact outdoor heat exchanger (5), liquid separator (6), temperature sensor ( 8, 13, 15, 16, 4-way valve (7), inverter compressor (9), indoor heat exchanger (10), room temperature sensor (11), outdoor temperature sensor (12), silencer (14), compressor drive engine (17), refrigerator (18), cooling tower (19), hot water heater (20), electrode type floatless (21), automatic opening and closing valve (22), water supply pipe (23), water tank (24), drain pipe ( 25),

First and second branch pipes (26, 27), water contact outdoor heat exchanger (A), compressor (B), indoor heat exchanger (C), expansion valve (D1, D2), three-way valve (a, b, c , d)

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is all divided into outdoor side equipment and indoor side equipment, the main configuration of the combined heating and cooling,

1. The outdoor unit includes an expansion valve (D1) and a three-way valve (a, b) of FIG. 8 for adiabatic expansion of the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the expansion valve (D1) and the compressor. Water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) for evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from (B) using water to change the refrigerant into gas or liquid with latent heat absorbed or released, and the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) and the compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the indoor heat exchange part (C) to a gas of high temperature and high pressure, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor (B) by operating the cooling or heating operation direction. It consists of a four-way valve (7) for switching, the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) is evaporation (condensation) (A '), cold and hot water heater 18, cooling tower 19, hot water heater 20 , Water tank (24),

The indoor unit includes a drive controller (1) using a digital circuit, an expansion valve (D2) using a three-way valve (c, d) of FIG. 8, and the compressor (B) and a two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2). It consists of an indoor heat exchanger (C) that provides or absorbs latent heat to the room by condensing or evaporating the transferred refrigerant, wherein the expansion valve (D2) is a multi-type of two or more indoor units in one cooling and heating cycle It is configured to be installed at each indoor unit or indoor unit inlet,

The water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) relates to a water contact type heat pump air conditioner configured to improve cooling and heating capability as well as defrosting action by allowing the refrigerant to exchange latent heat and sensible heat of water having a much higher heat quantity than air.

According to the present invention, an outdoor-side apparatus for cooling and heating using a four-way valve 7 includes an expansion valve D1 for expanding a medium temperature high pressure liquid refrigerant to a low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant, and the expansion valve D1 and a compressor B. Water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A), water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A), and indoor heat exchanger which phase change the refrigerant into latent heat absorbed or released by evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the water. Compressor (B) for compressing the low-temperature low-pressure gas transferred from C) to a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the water contact outdoor heat exchanger (A) is evaporation (condensation) (A '), cold and hot water (18), cooling tower (19), hot water heater (20), water tank (24), etc., the indoor side equipment comprises a drive controller (1), an expansion valve (D2), and the compressor using a digital circuit. Condensation or evaporation of the refrigerant transferred from the (B) and the expansion valve (D2) provides the latent heat of condensation to the room, or A water contact type heat pump air conditioner and a heater and air conditioner composed of an indoor heat exchanger (C) that absorbs (the expansion valve (D2) is installed at each indoor unit or indoor unit inlet if two or more indoor units are multi-types) and the same. It relates to the cooling and heating method used.

2. Main composition of air conditioner

The outdoor side device is composed of a compressor (B) and a water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) for condensing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor (B) using water, and the indoor unit is the drive controller. (1), an expansion valve (D2), and an indoor heat exchanger (C) for evaporating low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid from the low-pressure expansion valve (D2) into a gas,

Four-way valve 7 in the drawing, Three-way valve (a, b, c, d), expansion valve (D1) and branch pipes (26, 27), hot water heater 20 is unnecessary, and the rest of the configuration is the same as 1 above. The drive controller 1 is an inverter control using an existing digital circuit.

3. The main composition of the heating system,

The outdoor side device expands the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure during heating to change into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure. Water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) for evaporating the low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve (D1) and the expansion valve (D1) to water and the low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant, and the low temperature and low pressure gas. Compressor (B) to compress the refrigerant to make a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, the indoor unit condenses the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant from the drive controller 1 and the compressor (B) to release heat to the room Consists of an indoor heat exchanger (C), a four-way valve (7), expansion valve (D2) and branch pipes (26, 27), three-way valve (a, b, c, d), refrigerator (18) shown in the drawing The cooling tower 19 is unnecessary, and the other structure is the same as 1, and the controller 1 is inverter control using a conventional digital circuit.

The refrigerant used in the present invention is freon gas R22 and R407C at a temperature of -40 ° C to -44 ° C at a standard pressure (atmospheric pressure), and about 56 kcal at about 40 ° C to 44 ° C at a pressure of 15 kgf / cm 2. Absorb latent heat (from liquid to gas) or release (from gas to liquid). Therefore, no matter how much the outdoor temperature drops, it is only necessary to maintain the optimum phase change (100% phase change) of the sensitive refrigerant at each operation cycle position of the refrigerant.

By using the characteristics of these refrigerants up to now

Although the case is normally used due to the development of the technology, when heating using a heat pump, conventional products have a problem that is difficult to use because the defect is exposed when the limit temperature below the subzero reaches as described above.

The present invention is to improve the cooling system as well as heating by contacting the outdoor heat exchange unit (A) with a large amount of latent heat and sensible heat at the same time, the conventional air contact heat pump air conditioner is less than 10 ℃ outside air temperature during heating operation When down, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the expansion unit (D) of the outdoor unit has a low outside temperature so that the evaporation unit (A) evaporates the refrigerant to vaporize all of the liquid in the process of obtaining a sufficient latent heat of evaporation. Even if the refrigerant evaporated and vaporized, the gas contained liquid. Even though some refrigerant liquids were separated in the liquid separator, the compressor of the compression unit (B) could not perform normal operation because the liquid was not recovered. It was not possible, and there is a disadvantage that the compressor is broken when the excess liquid, it is designed to solve this.

Referring to the water-contact outdoor heat exchanger (A) that is the main content of the present invention

First, contacting the outdoor unit heat exchanger with high calorie water required for phase change of the refrigerant (water has a latent solidification heat of about 80Kcal / 1Kg and latent heat of evaporation of about 539Kcal / 1Kg), so that the amount of heat required for phase change is relatively small. By supplying or accepting the amount of heat of absorption and emission of heat to the refrigerant (R-22 has a latent heat of evaporation of about 56Kcal / 1Kg), the heating and cooling effect is much higher than that of a conventional air contact air conditioner, and the defrosting operation frequently performed during heating operation is also performed. It was not necessary.

Secondly, in heating and cooling, during heating, the water of the water supply pipe 23 having a higher temperature than the refrigerants R-22 and R407C is introduced into the water tank 24 in which the heat exchanger evaporation (condensation) is incorporated. When the latent heat of evaporation is supplied from the water to the refrigerant and the temperature of the water drops during the heating operation, the small hot water heater 20 is operated to maintain the temperature of the water at an appropriate temperature (10 ° C. to 15 ° C.) and the water in the water supply pipe 23 even during cooling. When the temperature of the water rises during the cooling operation by using only the cooling tower circulates the water in the water tank 24 by cooling and continues to operate when the temperature of the water rises to operate the small refrigerator to increase the cooling effect of the water.

In particular, when the water is frozen in the night power using a freezer and used in the daytime, the cooling effect is greatly increased, and operating expenses are also reduced.

The present invention solves the problem according to the limits of the existing products according to the drop in the outside temperature when heating and cooling in the heating and cooling using the four-way valve (7) and the liquid refrigerant in the water contact type outdoor heat exchange unit (A) It absorbs the latent heat of evaporation (approximately 56 kcal) required for change and makes it an appropriate supersaturated gas as it is all vaporized, maximizing the heating effect, and also saving energy (electricity, gas, diesel, kerosene) consumed in the compressor (B), and air temperature. The life of the compressor (B) was prolonged by avoiding the compression load of the compressor which increases with the lowering of the figure.

On the other hand, the components of the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) in accordance with the change in the outside air temperature is interlocked by the digital (inverter) control controller (1) so that the rapid heating and low-speed operation can save a lot of energy.

At the time of cooling, the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) lowers the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant than the prior art to absorb more heat of the room from the indoor heat exchanger (C), so that the indoor temperature is set within a short time. In order to achieve high-speed cooling and low-speed economic operation at the same time, high efficiency operation and energy saving can be achieved.

The scope of the present invention is applied to all air conditioners, air conditioners, air heaters, air heaters, gas heaters, gas and diesel engines, and kerosene engine driven compressor types of electric inverter type compressors employing digital circuit controllers.

The present invention is advantageous when used in a multi-cycle consisting of a compressor (B) or an indoor unit in parallel in the air-conditioning, air-conditioning, heating-only cycle, it is advantageous in the medium and large air-conditioning system.

The present invention uses a controller that employs a digital circuit to install and interlock temperature and pressure sensors at the required points of each line during cooling, heating, cooling, and heating, and interlocks with an indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor, and a refrigerator (18), Cooling tower 19, hot water heater 20 and various valves (expansion valve, four-way valve, three-way valve, automatic opening and closing valve, etc.) by setting the proper operation and maintenance by interlocking properly with the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant to prevent abnormal refrigerant When a signal about temperature and pressure is received from the controller, an error check near it is made.

Since the above principle is a common technique in the art due to the development of digital technology, specific principles and operating states will be omitted in the present invention.

The present invention is to improve the existing outdoor heat exchanger to reduce the pain (compression load) dedicated to the compressor to extend the life of the compressor, and to operate normally with the compressor of the existing material without using a high-quality compressor. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart of a conventional air contact air conditioner heating cycle, 2 is a flow chart of a conventional air contact air conditioner heating and cooling cycle, FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a water contact heat pump heating cycle of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a water contact heat pump cooling cycle of the present invention. 5 is a schematic diagram of the water heater air-conditioner heat pump cycle using the water contact air conditioner of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the water-cooled air conditioner gas and diesel, kerosene engine heat pump cycle of the present invention, FIG. Fig. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of the expansion valve piping according to the present invention, Fig. 9 is a basic diagram of Rankine cycle during heating and cooling, Fig. 10 is a Rankine cycle TS diagram for heating according to the present invention, Fig. 11 Rankine cycle Ph diagram for heating according to the present invention. Fig. 12 shows the Rankine Cycle TS diagram for cooling of the present invention, FIG. 13 shows the Rankine Cycle Ph diagram for cooling of the present invention. The main components are a drive controller (1), an electromagnetic expansion valve (2, 2 '), and a refrigerant supplement. Siber tank (3), subcooler (4), water contact outdoor heat exchanger (5), liquid separator (6), temperature sensor (8, 13, 15, 16), four-way valve (7), inverter compressor (9 ), Indoor heat exchanger (10), indoor temperature sensor (11), outdoor temperature sensor (12), silencer (14), compressor drive engine (17), refrigerator (18), cooling tower (19), hot water heater (20) ), Electrode float type 21, automatic open / close valve 22, water supply pipe 23, water tank 24, drain pipe 25, first and second branch pipes (26, 27), water contact type It can be seen that the outdoor heat exchanger (A), compressor (B), indoor heat exchanger (C), expansion valves (D1, D2), three-way valve (a, b, c, d).

3 and 4 is a flow chart of the water-contact type heat pump cooling and heating cycle of the present invention showing the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant according to heat exchange.

5 is a schematic diagram of a water-heating air conditioner electric inverter inverter heat pump cycle of the present invention, which is a cycle for cooling and heating, and the switching of cooling and heating operation is performed by changing the direction of the refrigerant through the four-way valve (7). At the time of cooling, the refrigerant from the electric inverter compressor (9) passes through the four-way valve (7), enters the water-contacting outdoor heat exchange unit (A), undergoes heat exchange using water, and then moves to the expansion valve, and the three-way valve (a, b, c, d) is insulated from the expansion valve (2 ') through the straight pipe of the expansion valve (2), and then enters the indoor heat exchanger (10) to be heat exchanged, and then through the four-way valve (7) the compressor (9) One cycle is completed and the heating is performed in the reverse order of the cycle and is heated. Reference numerals 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, and 16 of FIG. 5 are temperature sensors, 18 are freezers, 19 are cooling towers, 20 are hot water heaters, and are controlled by a controller (drive control unit) 1. On the other hand, the four-way valve (7) and the expansion valve (2), the three-way valve (a, b) and the hot water heater (20) is unnecessary for cooling only, and the four-way valve (7) and expansion valve for heating only. 2 'and the three-way valves c and d, the refrigerator 18, and the cooling tower 19 are unnecessary.

FIG. 5 shows the compressor 9 being compressed using an inverter controlled electric motor. FIG. 6 shows the compressor 9 being driven using a gas or an oil engine using gas such as gas or diesel. The compressor driving apparatus using the gas and the oil engine 17 in the compressor 9 is shown below. The air conditioning cycle is the same as the air conditioning cycle of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a view illustrating a water contact type outdoor heat exchanger A, and includes a water tank 24 having a heat exchange evaporation (condensation) machine A 'and a water tank 24 formed at one side thereof. , A water supply pipe 23 capable of introducing water at all times, an electrode-type floatless 21 formed at an upper side of the water tank 24 to sense the amount of water introduced thereto, and a distal end of the water supply pipe 23. Is formed in, the automatic opening and closing valve 22 to operate in conjunction with the signal detected by the electrode rod float 21,

It is formed on the lower side of the water tank 24 and the drain pipe 25 for draining water, and formed on one side of the water tank 24, the temperature sensor 13 for sensing the temperature of the water, and the water It is connected to one side of the tank 24 and the cooling tower 19 and the refrigerator 18 used for cooling installed outside the water tank 24, and connected to the water tank 24 by a pipe and connected to the water tank It consists of the hot water heater 20 used at the time of the heating which circulates the water of (24), and maintains the appropriate water temperature.

8 is a configuration diagram of the expansion valve piping, and the first and second branch pipes 26 and 27 of the two outdoor side (a) and the indoor side (b) formed at intervals in the refrigerant main pipe, The two (a) and (b) side first and second branch pipes 26 and 27 have the same diameter as the main pipe, and the expansion valve D1 for heating and the three-way valve for changing the direction of the refrigerant (a, b, c, d), and the expansion valve D2 for cooling.

On the other hand, the expansion valve D1 is built in the outdoor unit box, and the expansion valve D2 is installed in each indoor unit or installed at each indoor unit inlet in the case of the indoor unit multi-type cycle.

Figure 9 shows the basic diagram of the Rankine cycle during heating and cooling, Figure 10, Figure 12 shows the Rankine cycle TS diagram during the heating and cooling of the present invention, Figure 11, Figure 13 shows the Rankine cycle Ph during heating and cooling of the present invention As shown in the diagram, the heating and heating area is shown to be increased as much as the emphasis of the prior art.

More specifically, Fig. 10 is a Rankine cycle TS diagram during heating, which absorbs heat at a low temperature (outdoor) of QL and releases it at a high temperature (indoor) of QH. The section 4-1 'is evaporated and 1'-. The 2 'section shows compression, the 2'-3 section shows condensation, and the 3-4 section shows expansion. The outside of the graph is a supercooled liquid or a supersaturated gas, and the inside is a mixture of liquid and gas. In the present invention, the heating area within the range of 2, 3, 4 is increased by 1 ', 2', 3, 4.

FIG. 11 is a Rankine cycle PH diagram during heating, absorbs heat at a low temperature of QL (outdoors), and releases it at a high temperature of QH (indoors), with a section of 4-1 'evaporating and a section of 1'-2' compressed. , Section 2'-3 shows condensation and section 3-4 shows expansion, and the outer side of the curve in the graph is a supercooled liquid or a supersaturated gas, and the inside is a mixture of liquid and gas. In the present invention, the heating area within four ranges was increased by 1 ', 2', 3, 4.

12 is a Rankine cycle TS diagram during cooling, which absorbs heat at a low temperature (indoor) of QL and releases it at a high temperature (outdoor) of QH, while the 4-1 'section is evaporated and the 1'-2' section is compressed. , Section 2'-3 shows condensation and section 3-4 shows expansion, and the outer side of the curve in the graph is a supercooled liquid or a supersaturated gas, and the inside is a mixture of liquid and gas. In the present invention, the cooling area within four ranges was increased by 1 ', 2', 3, 4.

Fig. 13 is a Rankine cycle Ph diagram during cooling, which absorbs heat at a low temperature (indoor) of QL and releases it at a high temperature (outdoor) of QH, where the 4-1 'section is evaporated and the 1'-2' section is compressed. , Section 2'-3 shows condensation and section 3-4 shows expansion, and the outer side of the curve in the graph is a supercooled liquid or a supersaturated gas, and the inside is a mixture of liquid and gas. In the present invention, the cooling areas within the four ranges were increased by 1 ', 2', 3, 4.

Referring to the operation method of the present invention, during the heating and cooling, the cooling or heating operation direction switching is switched through the four-way valve (7), the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A), and the expansion valve piping component of Figure 8 Except for the other devices, the same operation as the existing air contact heat pump air conditioner is performed. In addition, the expansion valves D1 and D2 operate using a linear expansion valve (LEV).

In describing the present invention with respect to the overall configuration of the water-contact type heat pump air-conditioner, as required by the climatic environment of the installation place,

1, water contact type heat pump air conditioner operation method for both air conditioning and heating,

2, the operation method in the case of using the water contact method in the cooling cycle (cooler),

3, the operation method in the case of using the water contact method in the heating cycle (heater) will be described separately.

1, water contact heat pump air conditioner for both air conditioning and heating:

In the water contact type heat pump air conditioner operating method, the compressor (B) is an engine driven compressor using electric motor driven compressor (constant speed, pole change type, inverter type) and oil (gas, diesel, kerosene) during heating and cooling. The low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant is converted into a high temperature and high pressure gas to be sent to the four-way valve (7), and the four-way valve (7) switches the direction of the refrigerant to the water-contact type outdoor heat exchange part (A). The refrigerant is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger (C) to enable cooling and heating operation. The water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) includes a refrigerator (18), a cooling tower (19), a hot water heater (20), and evaporation (condensation). A), electrode rod floatless 21, automatic shutoff valve 22, water supply pipe 23, water tank 24, drain pipe 25, temperature sensor 13, etc. By using water, the refrigerant transferred from the four-way valve 7 when cooling is used to cool the refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve D1 when heating. Supplying a large amount of latent heat of evaporation to the refrigerant or absorbing a lot of heat of condensation from the refrigerant to be transferred to the expansion valves D1 and D2 for cooling, and to the four-way valve 7 for heating, and the expansion valves D1, In D2), the refrigerant is adiabaticly expanded to phase change into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The three-way valves (a, b, c, d) and branch pipes (26, 27) are used for cooling. In the indoor heat exchanger (C), when the heating is operated expansion valve D1 to transfer the refrigerant to the water-contact outdoor heat exchanger (A), the indoor heat exchanger (C) in the existing built-in indoor unit 휀 operates to evaporate or condense the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve (D2) and the four-way valve (7) to absorb or release heat in the room to heat the refrigerant changed in phase after cooling and heating by the four-way valve (7) In operation, one cooling and heating cycle is completed by transferring to the expansion valve (D1). The cooling valve of Fig. 8 uses the three-way valves (a, b) to always allow the refrigerant to flow through the straight pipe, and the (b) side uses the three-way valves (c, d). The refrigerant flows to the expansion valve (D2) at all times. In addition, the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) of FIG. 7 uses the refrigerator (18) and the cooling tower (19) to cool the water in the water tank (24) to absorb the heat released from the refrigerant.

During heating, in the expansion valve device of FIG. 8, the (A) side allows the refrigerant to flow to the expansion valve (D1) at all times by using the three-way valve (a, b), and the (B) side is the three-way valve (c, d). The refrigerant flows into the straight pipe at all times, and the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) of FIG. 7 uses the hot water heater 20 to heat water in the water tank 24 to supply evaporative heat to the refrigerant. do.

The above devices operate in conjunction with the existing temperature sensor (8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16) and the valve device and the Drive Control Unit (1), a controller using a digital circuit, so that the outside temperature during heating- Normal operation under 30 ℃ maximizes heating effect, eliminates the need for frequent defrosting operation, increases cooling effect during cooling, and drives control unit (1) after reaching the set temperature of the room by rapid heating / cooling operation. ) Is a method of operating a water-contact heat pump air conditioner, which is characterized by a large saving of operating energy (electricity, gas, oil) by converting into a low-speed economic operation.

2. In case of using water contact method in cooling cycle (cooler):

In the air-cooling cycle, since the expansion portion (D1, D2) is always in the direction of the flow of the refrigerant, only the main pipe is used, and the three-way valve (a, b, c, d) and the expansion valve (D1) and The branch pipes 26 and 27 are unnecessary, and the expansion valve D2 is installed and operated in the refrigerant main pipe, and the water contacting outdoor heat exchanger A is a refrigerator 18 and a cooling tower 19. After cooling the water in the water tank 24 to absorb the heat released from the refrigerant, and after the rapid cooling, the room temperature reaches the set temperature immediately enters the low-speed economic operation with the inverter (digital) controller (1). In addition, the four-way valve 7 and the hot water heater 20 in the drawing are unnecessary, and the other operation method is the same as in the above 1.

3. In case of using water contact method in heating cycle (heater):

In the heating cycle, the expansion parts (D1, D2) is a direction in which the refrigerant flows at all times, so only the main pipe is used, and the three-way valves (a, b, c, d) and the expansion valve (D2) are used. And branch pipes (26, 27), the four-way valve (7) is unnecessary, the expansion valve (D1) is installed and operated in the refrigerant main pipe, and the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) is a hot water heater ( 20), the water in the water tank 24 is heated to supply evaporative heat to the refrigerant, and after the rapid heating, if the room temperature reaches the set temperature, it is controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit immediately Enter economic driving. The refrigerator 18 and the cooling tower 19 are unnecessary, and the other operation method is the same as the above 1.

Equipment of the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) of the present invention, the water tank 24 is insulated, the outdoor heat exchange tank 24 and the hot water heater 20, the refrigerator 18 is installed in the building, Cooling tower 19 is effective to install and operate outside the building, such as rooftop.

Referring to the cooling and heating method using the water-contact type heat pump air conditioner of the present invention,

In order to absorb or release more heat from the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger (A, C), without increasing the compression load of the compressor during heating, cooling, or heating.

In the refrigerant pipe coming out of the compressor (B) or expansion valve (D1), the amount of heat of water (freezing point temperature: 80Kcal / 1Kg, vaporization temperature: 539Kcal / 1Kg) is much higher than that required for the phase change of the refrigerant (about 56Kcal / 1Kg). By using water to maximize the heat exchange effect.

The water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) used here includes a refrigerator (18), a cooling tower (19), a hot water heater (20), an electrode-type floatless (21), an automatic opening / closing valve (22), and a water tank as components. (24), the water supply pipe (23), the drain pipe (25), using the temperature sensor 13 to cool and heat.

The improvement of the air-conditioning cycle is not only to increase the efficiency of air-conditioning but also to rapidly cool and heat up to the set temperature of the room, and to greatly save the cycle operating energy consumption (electricity, gas, and oil). , Cooling and heating.

The present invention as described above is heat-exchanged by using the water in the outdoor heat exchange unit during the heating and cooling to normal operation even in the ambient temperature -30 ℃ during heating operation to increase the heating effect, the cooling effect was further increased during the cooling operation,

10 and 12 show the effects of the heating and cooling area increase highlighted in the FIG. 10, FIG. 12 Rankine cycle T-S diagram and the FIG. 11, FIG. 13 Rankine cycle P-h diagram.

The present invention can be used in particular, without improving the existing compressor even when the outside air temperature -30 ℃ or less during heating, normal operation without increasing the compression load on the compressor during cooling and heating, after a quick heating and cooling to the set temperature of the room By immediately switching to low speed economic operation using inverter circuit, the compressor's lifespan is extended, and the absorption and discharge heat is greatly increased, maximizing the cooling and heating effect, and at the same time, greatly saving the operating energy (electricity, gas, oil). There is.

Claims (6)

In the water-contact type heat pump air conditioner, it is divided into an outdoor side device and an indoor side device, wherein the outdoor side device is an expansion valve (D1) for adiabatic expansion and expansion of the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure to a low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant, and A water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) for evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve (D1) and the compressor (B) with water to change the refrigerant into gas or liquid with latent heat absorbed or discharged; Compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the water-contacting outdoor heat exchanger (A) and the indoor heat exchanger (C) into a gas of high temperature and high pressure, and a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor (B). It is composed of a four-way valve (7) for switching the cooling or heating operation direction, the indoor side device is a drive controller (1), an expansion valve (D2), the compressor (B) or an expansion valve (using a digital circuit) Condensation or It consists of an indoor heat exchanger (C) for providing or absorbing latent heat to the room by evaporation, wherein the expansion valve (D1, D2) device is an expansion valve (D1, D2) and three-way valve (a, b, c, d) And a branch pipe (26, 27) water contact type heat pump air conditioner. The water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) is formed on one side of the water tank (24) having a heat exchange evaporation (condensation) machine (A ') and water tank 24, and It is formed on the water supply pipe 23 which can be introduced at all times, the electrode floatless 21 which is formed on the upper side of the water tank 24 and detects the amount of water introduced, and is formed at the distal end of the water supply pipe 23. And, the automatic opening and closing valve 22 that operates in conjunction with the signal sensed in the electrode-type floatless 21, It is formed on the lower side of the water tank 24 and the drain pipe 25 for draining water, and formed on one side of the water tank 24, the temperature sensor 13 for sensing the temperature of the water, and the water It is connected to one side of the tank 24 and the cooling tower 19 and the refrigerator 18 used for cooling installed outside the water tank 24, and connected to the water tank 24 by a pipe and connected to the water tank Water contact type heat pump air-conditioner, characterized in that consisting of a hot water heater 20 used for heating to circulate the water of (24) to maintain the proper water temperature In the air-conditioning method using a water-contact type heat pump air conditioner, the compressor (B) is an engine using an electric motor driven compressor (constant speed, pole change type, inverter type) and oil (gas, diesel, kerosene) during heating and cooling. The gas compressor of low temperature and low pressure is converted into gas of high temperature and high pressure using a drive compressor, and is sent to the four-way valve (7), and the four-way valve (7) switches the direction of the coolant to the water contact type outdoor heat exchange part (A). Cooling and heating operation by allowing the refrigerant to be transferred to the indoor heat exchange unit (C) and the indoor heat exchange unit (C), the water contact type outdoor heat exchange unit (A) using water, when cooling the refrigerant transferred from the four-way valve (7) The phase change of the refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve (D1) during heating, supplying a large amount of latent heat of evaporation to the refrigerant or absorbs a lot of condensation heat from the refrigerant, when cooling the expansion valves (D1, D2), when heating everywhere To the valve (7), the In the expansion valves D1 and D2, the refrigerant is adiabaticly expanded to change into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure. The three-way valves a, b, c, d and branch pipes 26 and 27 are used to cool the expansion valve. Operate D2 to the indoor heat exchanger (C), and when heated, operate the expansion valve D1 to transfer the refrigerant to the water contacting outdoor heat exchanger (A), and the indoor heat exchanger (C) Four-way valve for cooling the phase-changed refrigerant after cooling and heating by operating evaporation or condensation of refrigerant passing through the expansion valve (D2) and four-way valve (7) by operating the built-in conventional turbo fan. In (7), the heating operation is transferred to the expansion valve (D1) to complete one air-conditioning cycle, and in the summer air cooling expansion valve device of Figure 8, (a) is a three-way valve (a, b) Refrigerant flows through the straight pipe at all times, and (B) is always squeezed by using three-way valves The refrigerant flows to the window valve (D2), and the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) cools the water in the water tank 24 by using the refrigerator 18 and the cooling tower 19 to absorb the heat released from the refrigerant. When heating, the (A) side of the expansion valve unit always uses three-way valves (a, b) to allow refrigerant to flow through the expansion valve (D1), and (B) the three-way valve (c, d). The refrigerant flows into the straight pipe at all times, and the water contact type outdoor heat exchanger (A) supplies the evaporative heat to the refrigerant by heating the water in the water tank 24 using the hot water heater 20. The above devices operate in conjunction with the existing temperature sensor (8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16) and the valve device and the Drive Control Unit (1), a controller using a digital circuit, so that the outside temperature during heating- Normal operation under 30 ℃ maximizes heating effect, eliminates the need for frequent defrosting operation, increases cooling effect during cooling, and drives control unit (1) after reaching the set temperature of the room by rapid heating and cooling in both heating and cooling. ) Is a cooling and heating method using a water-contact heat pump air conditioner, which significantly saves the operating energy (electricity, gas, oil) by converting into low-speed economic operation. The method according to claim 3, wherein the operation method of the outdoor heat exchange unit (A) is to allow water to always flow into the water supply pipe (23) in the water tank (24) containing the heat exchange evaporator (condensation) (A '), The amount of water used is detected by the electrode-type floatless 21 and adjusted in conjunction with the automatic opening and closing valve 22, the water can be replaced by the drain pipe 25, by detecting the temperature of the water using the temperature sensor 13 , Cooling tower 19 and the freezer (18) when cooling, the hot water heater (20) when heating to circulate the water to maintain the proper water temperature of the water contact type heat pump air-conditioning method using the air conditioner . The method of claim 3, wherein the cooling dedicated cycle operation method uses only a main pipe because the expansion parts D1 and D2 always have a flow direction of the refrigerant, and a three-way valve (a, b, c, d). And the expansion valve D1, the branch pipes 26 and 27, and the four-way valve 7 are unnecessary, and the expansion valve D2 is installed and operated in the refrigerant main (straight pipe) pipe without being removed or used. In the outdoor heat exchanger (A), the hot water heater 20 is not necessary. The water is cooled in the water tank 24 by using the refrigerator 18 and the cooling tower 19 to absorb the heat released from the refrigerant to rapidly cool the air. After the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit, the air-conditioning method using a water-contact type heat pump air conditioner, which is cooled immediately by low-speed economic operation. The method of operating a cycle for heating exclusively according to claim 3, wherein the expansion parts (D1, D2) is a direction in which the refrigerant flows at all times, and therefore only main pipes are used, and three-way valves (a, b, c, d) are used. And expansion valves (D2), branch pipes (26, 27), four-way valves (7) are unnecessary, so they are not used or removed, and the expansion valve (D1) is installed and operated in the refrigerant main (straight pipe) pipe. In the contact outdoor heat exchanger (A), the refrigerator 18 and the cooling tower 19 are unnecessary. The hot water heater 20 is used to heat the water in the water tank 24 to supply evaporative heat to the refrigerant to provide rapid heating. After the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit immediately heating at low speed economic operation, characterized in that the heating and cooling method using a water heater heat pump air conditioner.