KR20010040404A - Supporting member with alternating positions and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

A reposition support member 5 has been released for loading and unloading a large volume of cargo 2. The support member 5 is pivoted on the transport carrier and can be connected to the sidewalk turning means. The structure can be lowered to the bottom 9 or placed in a lower position and can be returned to the higher position again by the pivoting movement 6 of the support member 5. The supporting member 5 is preferably designed with a knee type leg and these axes of the joint are parallel to the axle axis. This new solution is also feasible by a centering cone and a centering funnel combined with a device for moving the vehicle crosswise between the stop position and the transport position.

Description

Positioning support member and its use {SUPPORTING MEMBER WITH ALTERNATING POSITIONS AND ITS USE}

The invention is derived from a position changeover system as specified in WO97 / 13654. This disclosure is described as an integral part of the above application. WO097 / 13654 is based on the task of allowing a person to switch the position of a vehicle from a vehicle by means of a vertical device, as well as at any place, ie, destination, without the aid of a crane or forklift. As a solution the device is proposed to have four distributed support positions for the synchronous lifting device of the vehicle. Furthermore, it has a trapping cone / centering combination to hold the self-weighted carrier on the chassis and push it down to a certain position. As a lifting device which performs control by a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder assembled to four chassis is used as a lifting device. The lifting movement of the container or practitioner or any vehicle is generally perpendicular to the undercarriage and not perpendicular to the floor. For example, the container is moved by a vehicle to a desired place, and the changeover container is lifted about 20 to 30 cm from the undercarriage by the small stroke lifting device so that the bottom support member is inserted in the vertical position in the vertical position. The four cylinders are again in place and the container is simultaneously placed on the floor support member, which is approximately one meter in length as a storage. The vehicle then moves out of the support member without the container. When the container is fixed to the vehicle, the container is mounted in the reverse order. Such relocation containers have already been demonstrated in practical use. In minutes, for example, the towing container can be placed at the loading site. After loading, the container arrives at a new place of transport, unloads, and then moves to another destination. An advantage of the various implementations is that not only vehicle-to-store conversion can take place, but all or at least part of the cargo can be put on the floor. The platform can thus be lifted again in a low place to be loaded or assembled in a vehicle without a crane or forklift. The most similar solutions are described, for example, in US.PS Nr. 3, 541 provides a form of a floor support member as a hydraulic cylinder as proposed in 596. Reposition pile stackers or containers are generally very economical and are designed to achieve their function without the need for most energy sources, regardless of vehicle. The engine is mounted on the vehicle as all drive activators. It can be supplied with pressure oil by the bottom support member, which consists of all four hydraulic cylinders of the vehicle hydraulics. At the same time, the hydraulic hose is detachable at each position changeover. There is a risk that the hydraulic oil leaks around each time. One of the main objectives of the container is to provide a transport space that is light in weight and thus capable of producing as large and economically as possible the maximum possible load. The disadvantage is that the length of the hydraulic cylinder is long and has a considerable weight when it is firm and assumes bending strength. Floor support members in the form of hydraulic cylinders cannot be practical.

The present invention relates, in particular, to diverting support of the high and low position of the conveying cargo in the pratt groove, wherein the reposition support member is pivotable by a connecting shaft and is connected or connectable with the pratt groove and the traction device. The invention also relates to the use of the position reversing support member.

In the following the invention is now described with a series of embodiments including more details and the contents of the drawings are as follows:

1a just before the container descends;

1b various container states for laying on the floor and

Figure 1c descent to the bottom;

2A is an enlarged view of various states of the bottom support member at the time of lifting;

2b and 2c angular loading diagrams for two extreme states;

Fig. 3 application of the turning aid of the vehicle;

Fig. 4 Use of the replacement support member of the prat groove as an intermediate deck of a container

(FIG. 8);

5a engagement with lifting practitioners;

Figure 5b initial state of lifting;

Fig. 5c Lowering container by lifting platform located as ramp lane;

A bottom support member composed of a roller track or a roller wheel;

7 a bottom support member having a plurality of connecting mechanisms;

FIG. 8 The state of the platform down to the floor as a container or loading ramp;

Fig. 9a Applicable for lifting one side of a container or container, such as a floor support member;

9B, 9C, and 9D show various methods of fixing the carriage chassis;

10a, 10b and 10c various positions by the knee leg;

11a, 11b and 11c Various applicability by the new solution;

12A, 12B and 12C three states upon assembly of the chassis;

13A action of trapping cone / centering cone coupling on longitudinal axis;

13B several positions of the sun tering cone relative to the individual trapping cone;

Figures 14a, 14b and 14c Chassis in various states when lowering and assembling the chassis

15A is a plan view of a crossbeam unit as a chassis module;

Fig. 15B is a cross sectional view of Fig. 15A and

Fig. 15c Vb cross section of Fig. 15a

Fig. 15D Example of Modular Structure;

Fig. 16 is a plan view of a simple crossbeam structure;

17A and 17B Schematic application of a knee leg for lifting heavy cargo in the platform

In the present invention, the subject matter has been set such that a load can be selectively moved to a high or low position without an external lifting means with respect to the floor above the prat groove, such as a carrier, a reposition pile stacker or a container. At the same time, it can be used not only in suing for removal from the vehicle but also in low places for short and long term congestion in political places. Moreover, it is an additional part of the task to combine the storage-vehicle relocation in a simple way.

The solution according to the present invention has a towing lever in which the position shifting support member protrudes upward by the connecting shaft as a loading arm, thereby constituting a variable lever with respect to the effective equipment ratio of the load arm and the load arm. It is relatively short to overcome the towing load condition.

The research mechanics, which had not been practically used as a new solution immediately, were envisioned to be very advantageous with an advantageous lever ratio. One is the connection function and the other is the possibility of lever ratio. In practical terms, three specific realizations of relatively low cost are possible.

A roller rail or trolley as an ideal

-Position switching shape of the knee type link or

-Shape of the reposition support member in the multi-link

In each case, it is possible to facilitate the lifting of the conveying cargo or of the conveying aids or the combination or the conveying material with respect to the floor as a slight material cost. Due to the relatively slight load, heavy weight can be brought down to the floor again by the weight of the floor by the vehicle's towing device.

As a new solution, the principle of the lever can be utilized in a completely advantageous way by means of the position shifting action. It is known that all of the hard solutions require extreme maximum forces in extreme conditions. The new solution, on the other hand, optimizes the ratio of load arm / force arm to force under adverse conditions. The force and weight itself on the vehicle side are optimally accounted for.

Claims are made in claims 2 to 12 for particularly advantageous shapes. The present invention allows a total number of shapes. The reposition support member is particularly excellent as a rocker arm lever support member with one or more knee joints and the connecting shafts are configured to each other in particular to be selected parallel to the vehicle shaft. As the turning aid means in particular winches or motor means which are fixedly assembled to the vehicle are utilized. If the connecting shaft is parallel to the vehicle chassis, it will be able to bring the necessary turning load by the traction in the driving direction of the vehicle. The result is that the vehicle no longer needs to stand under the vehicle for vertical movement so that the overall descent to the floor is no longer an obstacle, which is different from the lifting device according to WO97 / 13654. Advantageously each knee-lever support member is a knee-type leg and has a leg connected by at least two links, and the knee-angle inside the load arm has an angle limit of 90 ° or more by means of a connection stopper. have. Furthermore, each floor support member may have two or several connection points, and each knee angle of the load arm is limited by a link stopper. Pure replacement of the storage / vehicle must be made in accordance with WO97 / 13654. On the other hand, the bottom drop of all or part of the cargo can be done according to new solutions.

As described above, the position change support member is ideally composed of a roller orbit, and at the same time has a traction arm that extends out of the structure by a connection point. The shape as a roller track has a great advantage such that the load changes fluidly during the lifting movement and the drive system is uniformly loaded. With the advantages of the Nileg solution or the connection solution, the floor support member can be folded to the shortest dimension, which is very important in the field of vehicles. The joints are configured for this purpose to fold in opposite directions to the tensile stresses. The force of the turning aids is transmitted in various ways or by manual winch Habeggers, power stretchers and the like. The pivoting movement may be by push or traction by mechanical, electrical or hydraulic pivotal assistance means. According to one of the simplest solutions, when the container is to be raised and lowered completely parallel to the floor, the floor support members must be connected by parallel devices on both sides of the carrier for interlocking of all floor support members. The pivotal auxiliary means consists of a motor or hydraulic auxiliary means and is fixed to the vehicle. In addition, it is very advantageous if the jungle fixing device is installed in the vehicle, which can be fixed between the floor support member and the vehicle. The tensile force for lifting the vehicle reacts in this way, so neither the vehicle nor the vehicle can move horizontally by the turning force. The jungle lock is configured as a moving bar and / or attached in conjunction with the vehicle support member. It is even more advantageous when the turning aid has at least some towing ropes. When the car is never in line with the vehicle, it can be held with a slight biasing force along the side with a rope. Accordingly, in order to prevent the undercarriage of the vehicle from being subjected to excessive load even in the extreme position, the turning aid means and the vehicle supporting member must have a shared contact in the vehicle. Furthermore, at least when the vehicle descends to the floor, the final motion can be used as an energy accumulator on the floor and the underfloor can be configured as a spring, for example an air cushion, to facilitate later lifting. have. The optimal solution appears when the push-locking and turning aids are arranged on both sides of the vehicle, in particular along the longitudinal center axis of the vehicle. According to another shape, it is possible to arrange a plurality of intermediate decks which can be lifted by the new positioning support member in the same way as in the case of the carrier or the container.

Above all, new solutions that have not yet been properly addressed are about two basic processes that take two directions. The container is laid down completely on the floor without the help of a crane, and the carrier is also put down on the grass, without the help of a crane or forklift. It is an empirical fact that an individual person can move hundreds of kilograms with a simple aid. If the weight is in tonnes or more, special auxiliary means are already required. This not only handles one to three tonnes or more but also when the moving object is also large. The presence of a lifting device in the vehicle itself makes handling of cargo even simpler. Raising and lowering is simple operation at the same time. However, the situation is different when it is necessary to accurately load the vehicle on the undercarriage in millimeters, for example, several meters in length weighing from 2 to 4 tons or more, carried by a support member somewhere on the floor. The objective of the new solution is to allow the vehicle to be lowered to its exact position when held down by its weight when it is laid down. The weight itself does not play any further role because it utilizes the total cargo weight for loading. The process can thus be carried out without problems by the individual, without personnel, and above all when the lifting device is controllable by motor drive. Quick location switching has several meanings as explained. The vehicle must be quickly converted from the vehicle to the storage. Furthermore, it can also be switched completely quickly by the type of carrier or the first, for example, the second. This application is possible exactly as in the case of light vehicles, as in the case of heavy vehicles, including a lower floor. The new solution is also indicated according to the module production method. The first module consists of a repositioning stand having a supporting portion and a lifting device. The second module is composed of a crossbeam or a crossbeam group. It can be fixed as a kit on the underside of the carrier. Both modules, reversals and rescue modules are now economically mass-produced and can be supplied for fixed assembly by individual producers such as vehicle type or container manufacturers. The use of the existing gaps for the bending distance of the chassis is considered to be able to solve various problems of the prior art, especially in light vehicles. In particular, the switchboard can be made lightweight and only slightly reduces the additional payload. The switch is particularly advantageous for vehicle trailers and can be assembled directly on the car itself. The switchboard consists of the supporting platform of the carrier and the small stroke lifting device is fixedly installed on the switchboard. Particularly advantageous are the transition zones having two longitudinal cross beams each having a longitudinal adjustment range to suit at least the various chassis. The additional central longitudinal frame of the changeover is hung with, for example, engine drive, control lines of the lifting device and control elements. Longitudinal crossbeams are composed of pneumatic spheres, and longitudinal crossbeams have a certain number of grooves for pushing at an arbitrary width relative to the longitudinal crossbeams. These solutions are to be adjusted to any size within the maximum and minimum ranges. In some cases, the protruding end may be cut by the vehicle manufacturer. Advantageously the structure has at least two stationary support cross beams, optionally with a rigid support member which itself is a floor support member for fast replacement of the vehicle and for laying down on the floor as a fixture or part of a vehicle, or It can be attached as a rocker arm supporting member or a knee leg type. However, three or more stacked cross beams may also be arranged. The support fixation can be operated by the motor drive means and the connection can be interrupted. The loading cross beams of the carrier each have two particularly flat support surfaces and a centering cone in the center, each with one lifting device and a centering device for each centering pin. It is fixed to the stand. When three or more supporting beams are used, all the supporting surfaces are provided with hydraulic cylinders, in particular for each lifting device. For each centering device two external supporting cross beams are arranged, in particular two centering devices, in particular for one carrier. The new solution is also intended to secure the side cover parts to the longitudinal crossbeams and to fit or shorten the longitudinal crossbeams depending on the actual chassis, respectively. According to the invention any loading surface is connected to the undercarriage on which the carrier can optionally be fixed to the floor or, in particular, be moved under the carrier, as required. At the same time, the platform can be lowered on the chassis by a lifting device installed on the chassis, or lifted from the chassis and then carried by a light vehicle. Carriers or platforms with any vehicle have additional loading capabilities in accordance with the new solution and must be in accordance with applicable traffic regulations. The switchboard should be constructed as lightweight as possible. If it is nonflammable, the additional loading weight is limited. It is the present inventor's judgment that the wide field of logistics handling until the past has not been studied enough. This is an unloading device for unwieldy lightweight sickle packages, and in particular, a factor of time. The large capacity itself quickly travels long distances. When each cargo reaches its destination, the cargo has its first problem because of the excessive conditions often unplanned. The vehicle then has to park at its destination for too long, making it a very expensive store for a single vehicle. The new invention proposes a combination of several emphasis, especially in the matter of time solved in a very economical way. In the case of a light cargo, the chassis can be moved by a small truck such as a light vehicle such as 3.5 or 7 tons or a van, a truck with a large traction. At the same time, the vehicle itself can be configured according to the invention. The loading surface can be laid on the floor or connected to the undercarriage by means of a simple support member according to WO97 / 13654. The undercarriage can be moved under the practitioner, which is firmly supported on the floor. The undercarriage itself has a small stroke lifting device that allows the driver to quickly change the position (storage-vehicle) at that time without the need for additional aids (crane, forklift, etc.). The operation is performed without risk because the lifting device only needs to adjust the leg length by about 30 to 40 cm. The lifting device has the sole function of switching the platform position from the storage to the vehicle and from the vehicle to the storage during normal operation. Therefore, it is an attachment part of the chassis that is much more economical than the known unloading devices such as cranes, forklifts, and the like. The motor-driven lifting device is attached by a support part and is especially configured to synchronize with the rise or fall of the support part. The four lifting devices are also distributed over the bottom of the container and have a support, which houses controllable lifting elements such as pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, air cushions, spindle motors or screw spindles. Control motors for holding the container level for higher claims can be synchronized or individually controllable as second groups, respectively. The lifting device, however, is equipped with a rope winch by a motor or by a manually driven clipper or by a support master. Advantageously the support portions are arranged in the outer quarter of the container and consist of crossbeams, each of which is disposed in the outer end region of the crossbeam. The support portion is in particular constructed in a crossbeam, from which the bottom support member can be assembled or inserted by a horizontal support arm. It is more appropriate if each trapping cone is arranged at the center of both crossbeams to hold the centering pins installed on the chassis or to push the container down to a certain position on the chassis. The undercarriage consists of a two axle trailer with two support shafts, in which a lifting device is provided, in particular two hydraulic cylinders and a centering device which is installed in the center of each support shaft. It is arranged at 4. However, it is also possible to build the trailer in one, two or three axles. Particularly good is that the pratches are like a support that is symmetrically constructed so that both traction devices are equally useful.

It is proposed to give the deck side of the container a distance for the forklift fork support and between the crane hook and the support for, as far as possible, the transverse side including the support or support shaft. Containers of this shape are also ones that can be transported or unloaded by rail or by heavy truck in a known manner. Between the container and the chassis, there is a fixed support device, which is composed of a clipper lock, which is mechanically or hydraulically operable, in particular being trapped in a trapping cone. If the container is often to be placed in a very narrow place, it is advisable to install a turning roller on the supporting member so that it can be used or laid down when necessary. The container can first be moved to a position as advantageous as possible by the trailer. Positioning up to an exact position, for example up to 90 ° rotation, can then be done manually by a changeover roller. This is particularly advantageous as always, especially in the case of construction or in difficult places such as exhibition halls or furniture movements. Unexpected advantage is that a company may still have to pull a 3 to 4 ton trailer without owning more than 15 light or heavy vehicles and, moreover, must own only 15, 30 or more economical fleet types or towing vehicles. If you do. The cost of the undercarriage or equivalent container determines the part of the vehicle, which can be very economically left to be emptied completely at the destination. In various manual operations, it is common to deliver important parts and necessary tools of assembly aids from the company location to the construction site twice a day. By using a reversing container system, most of the driving can be omitted. The number of container undercarriage and tow truck required will depend on the particular situation. The present invention allows the whole quantity to be applied more advantageously. The vehicle may thus be constructed of barrac so that it is supported on a particularly adjustable height support member during the parking time and can be moved by a chassis or light vehicle to change position to the next construction site. Carriers are arbitrarily reversible and consist of containers according to more advantageous forms, which are used as inter-packages which are not identical, for example to producers of lightweight produce, furniture transfers, parcels, packing boxes, beverage stands or sales stands or insulating materials. Industrial products are filled and placed on the chassis to be transported by light vehicle to a certain distance. It is advantageous when the height of the carrier can be adjusted for any use. This sets the loading surface to the optimum position and in all cases the height of each support member is adapted to the ground or the one or more practitioners can be placed in the horizontal position. The present invention also provides that one or more practitioners can be erected on the loading surface of the vehicle or on the floor, for example, over long distances, so that individual cargoes are transported, for example, by railcars and unloading by crane hooks or forklifts. It is. In addition, the carrier may be made into a display container so that the light weight parts necessary for the exhibition stand or the sales stand are carried, and the practitioner is used together with the carrier to be used as a part or the sales stand of the exhibition stand.

The new solution allows for various forms, whether heavy or light. The effective working surface of the trapping cone and the supporting plate is about the same size. The steering accuracy of the vehicle is about 20-50 cm. Accordingly, it is proposed to determine the diameter or side of the support pin and trapping cone. Somehow proficient drivers of the vehicle can park the vehicle at a designated place within an error range of about 10 to 25 cm. For many reasons, the floor support member does not need to be used side by side unnecessarily. For one thing, the required area or side zoning of the storage should be as small as possible. For others, excessive loading adversely affects the load stress of the carrier. Now if the driver can park within the so-called 20 to 50 cm distance, whether the trailer or the vehicle itself, the vehicle can already be correctly placed on the chassis. More importantly, the trapping cone should not be too high and should not protrude on the loading surface. Starting at a given reference plane, the height of the cone becomes higher the sharper the vertex angle is. In particular, the angle is greater than 90 °. About 120 ° achieves the best compromise for the distance traveled at the height of the construction site. The support plate forms a shared support surface, in particular with the lower edge of the trapping cone. Accordingly, the carrier is, for example, an empty container and can be laid down or stacked without being supported, or can be transported by train or lorry. The supporting portion is formed in two hollow-cross beams in an advantageous manner, in which the supporting member can be inserted and fixed. Crane hooks are arranged in two transverse sides including support points on the cover of the container, and furthermore a support surface for the forklift fork can be allocated between the support points. According to other forms, a mechanical or hydraulic operation safety device is installed between the platform and the chassis so as to be bitten by the trapping cone. The advantage of using special cross sections with crossbeams is that important forces can be supported directly on the undercarriage or on the floor without the load on the carrier structure. The invention also relates to the use of the device with reference to claims 13-18.

Next, a chassis 1 and a container 1 are shown with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1C. The vehicle presents an exchangeable platform 3 as described, for example, in WO97 / 13654. See the entirety of the WO for this form and options. Reference is also made to the container 2, which may be of any structure depending on the purpose or present use. The carrier can be, for example, a loading ramp with or without canopy. It is important to be able to quickly switch from vehicle to storage as needed. However, new solutions can also be used regardless of the centering cone / centering cone combination. Only one side of the container 2 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, respectively. In practice, each side of the container has a floor support configuration as shown in FIG. 7. Figure 1a shows one position, where a switch is made from a vehicle to one container according to WO97 / 13654. The container 2 stands on the repositioning supports 5, 5 ′ of all four floor supports and thus occupies a certain height. If the container is intended to be left at this height for a long time, it is preferable to use a simple steady leg according to WO97 / 13654, in other words a simple, straight vertical support member. In the floor support shown in Fig. 1A, the entire container 2 is supported by each floor support because each support member can pivot relative to the container 2 in the journals 7 and 7 '. The members are likely to tilt right or back in the figure according to the arrow 6. At least one even better is that at least two reposition support members 5 prevent each stopper 8 from pivoting against the container. This applies especially for the short time of unloading container. As soon as the container reaches a possible position of height in accordance with WO97 / 13654 and when the repositioning support member has already been assembled or lowered in the container, it stops immediately. This stopper is important but can be implemented in a different way than shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1B the vehicle 1 is moved with respect to the container 2 at some distance A _s . The position shifting platform 3 is provided with a pivotal auxiliary means 10, for example, composed of a hydraulic cylinder, whereby it is connectable with the position change support member 5 by a traction rope 11. FIG. 1B shows the container 2 (solid line) in the intermediate lowered position and can be seen that it always stays in a position parallel to the floor while the container moves in an arch. The highest or lowest position is thus shown by the dotted line (containers 2 ', 2 "). Since the reposition support member 5 'is connected to the parallel rope 12, the pivoting movement of the bottom support member is forcibly adjusted. The vehicle 1 and the container 2 instead of the lifting movement of the container 2 in order to prevent the tow rope from pulling the vehicle 1 to the container 2 or vice versa. Mobile safety devices are installed in between. The mobile safety device 13 can be cut off against the next two position shifting support members so that it is safe even when not used in the vehicle itself. It is fixed to It is further preferred that the container 2 is further attached with a short leg 14 on which the carrier remains at its lowest position. The leg 14 may also consist of a spring leg, so that the lower end of the lowering is prevented by the sag of the spring and, on rising, facilitates the synergistic action as an energy accumulator. According to another form of conception, the legs 14 can also be configured as rollers, providing a slight positional shiftability in this case, especially with lightweight containers. In FIG. 1C, the structure 2 is completely lowered to the bottom 9 by a solid line. The vehicle 1 is again empty for other purposes as indicated by arrow 15. Arrow 16 shows the opposite state. The vehicle moves closer to the container 2 to reload the container 2.

FIG. 2a shows the reposition support member 5 in various positions with respect to the arching motion of the container 2, i.e., in the vertical position in the figure, in part or all of the crying in the lowering position, respectively 5 * and 5 **. . The reposition support member is composed of a lower leg 20 and an upper leg 21 connected by a link. Both legs 20 and 21 can be a toggle joint. This is nevertheless constrained by the stoppers 23, 23 'so that a constant obtuse angle The angle can no longer be reduced. Angle Is always within the range of 90 ° and less than 180 ° under load. The lower leg first has a stopper 24 in contact with the bottom 9. The upper leg 21 can be swiveled by the rotating jounal 25 according to the arrow 26 to the carrier or container 2. The rotary shaft 27 of the rotary journal 26 is parallel to the axis 28 of the vehicle 1 as shown in FIG. The rotary journal 25 is deflected by the dimension X with respect to the support point 24 along the container center S direction at each position. As a result, the container 2 is inclined to the bottom support member 5 at a high position according to the arrow direction 26. The bottom support member 5 should thus prevent uncontrolled swinging movements. This is done on the one hand by being attached to the container 2 by the fixing 29 and the traction arm 30. Traction arm 30 can be rotated around the rotary journal 25 in the clockwise direction, but only up to the city position limited by the stopper 31. Traction arm 30 has a rope hook (32) can be fixed to the traction rope (11). The lowering movement is achieved only by the position shifting support member 5 moving clockwise around the support point 24. At angle Is unchanged in the first falling state. The load is supported by the traction rope 11 on the one hand and by the support point 24 of the reposition support member. The support point 24 is rounded, in particular as indicated by the radius R. The state is illustrated by 5 *, which concludes the first descent stage. The lower leg 21 is completely at the bottom. The further lowering is made only by the pivoting movement of the upper leg 21 about the link 22. The downward movement also continues until the upper leg 21 completely reaches the bottom 9 or until the container is supported on the stand 14 as shown in the example. As long as the container 2 is placed on the stand 14, the position change support member is unnecessary. The reposition support member is detachable and should be able to be assembled to a vehicle or loaded into a container. The advantage of the leg-type shown is that the lifting action in each position can be achieved by lever transmission with a relatively small tensile load.

Figures 2b and 2c show two arrangements in the lifting motion at the effective lever length according to figure 2a. Figure 2b shows at the same time a very disadvantageous low position with respect to the required lever load. In FIG. 2B, the entire weight moves about the pivot point LA1. This results in a longer load arm KA1 relative to the load arm LA1 and the weight of the package is indicated by G. The required tensile force Z1 is relatively small by the effective lever law. In Fig. 2C, a position change is already made, in which the movement is now performed at the center of the turning point D ₂ . The carrier is already lifted. In the position shown, there is an unfavorable ratio of KA2 to LA2. However, this is not disadvantageous since the required kinematic load Z2 is only a small fraction compared to the position according to 2b, which represents the maximum of the necessary lifting load.

As the lever length, the lengths l1, l2 and l3 obey the lever law as shown in FIG. 4 consistently shows the interlocking of the positioning support members 5 and 5 'for the intermediate deck of the container.

For a large number of cargoes, this is advantageous when two or more practitions are constructed, as well as one practition which allows utilization and manipulation of both isomorphs by descent, as is already well known in transporting vehicles.

4 and 8 illustrate its applicability according to the platform 20x.

6A, 5B and 5C illustrate other forms of possibilities. Transporting the entire container is a function. In many cases, for example, the cargo is also carried in pallets, with each pallet weighing 100 to 300 kg as a weight that one person cannot handle without assistance. The container concept taken into account basically aims to unload the container from the place of shipment to the destination. Unloading of individual loads is possible, of course, but nevertheless, in the case of heavy loads, it is relatively expensive since the entire container must be put on the floor each time there is no aid. In a very advantageous form, it is assumed that the lifting practitioner 30 is arranged on the side or the back of the container so that it can be put down by the towing rope 31. The tow rope 31 can be operated by a hand crank 32 or directly by a tow rope 11. The pratt groove 30 is fixed to the pratt groove 30 by the link 34 of the support member 36 on the one hand and the rotary arm 33 of the link 35 on the one hand. From the horizontal position (thick line) the prat groove is held by the pivot points 34 and 35 and the towing rope 31 and thus moves downward. The opposite is true. Fig. 5b shows the conversion according to the invention of the whole container and Fig. 5c shows another possibility whereby the flat groove 30 is available as a driving platform.

FIG. 6 shows the shape of the bottom support member 5 as a roller rail or roller hoop 40.

FIG. 7 shows another form of floor support 5 with multiple links 50-55. A crossbar 60 is shown in a schematic view, in which one or two mobile safety devices 13 can be bitten respectively (FIG. 3). In particular, the mobile safety device is bitten by the stopper 24, respectively. 8 shows the application of the floor support member for the lowering of the practition instead of the form according to FIG. 5a.

Another alternative is shown in FIG. 9A. It is enlarged to a large container of heavy weight which is pulled by the hooks on a freight vehicle. Here, with just two floor support members, the container can be lifted from the floor to one side and then pulled into the van. The bottom support member can be attached anywhere in front and rear, and lifting can be done by the hook rope of the van.

9B, 9C and 9D show the state of the reversing stage with the prat groove 120 assembled to the vehicle object, with the safety system expanded below. Each trigger snap is operated on both sides by the double-acting cylinder 140. Corresponding clamping keys 142 are bitten by the inclination of each centering device 113 to know the engagement of the pratt groove 120 and the chassis 107 reliably. As an additional safety device, for example, a chain safety device 143 may be attached. The great advantage of the clamping part safety device is that it can exert enormous force by hydraulic pressure and in many cases the container can move the center position accurately in millimeter units. This allows attachment around the position switch in the form of pins or manual keys. 9B is shown as being fixed along the front and back of both sides. 9C is an enlarged view of the fixed side. It is important to note that several support points are congruent with all the contact elements by the double-keying action of the buffer intermediate part 124, in particular the stop cone 113 and the guard cone 112 inside the clamping key 142. It is action. The control function and the fixed function SV are operated by the control box 160 and in particular connected to the electric system of the vehicle. In the example shown, the lifting device has a hydraulic device and has a hydraulic cylinder to which the pressure medium is supplied by the centralized hydraulic system 161. All valves and the opening and closing circuit is made by the control box 160. Furthermore, for example, the vehicle may be equipped with a lock function in the vehicle such that the basic function may not start when terminated without moving according to the regulations. The kinetic elements of the safety system are connected to the undercarriage or the changeover, ie are part of the vehicle. Thus, only a complete vehicle with moving parts, engine means and controls can handle a significant number of identical economical reversing containers.

In FIGS. 10A-10C the position change support member is shown in various states as a bending leg or rocker arm support. 10A is viewed from the carrier side, i.e., from the inside. Fig. 10A is operational or in use. On the contrary, FIG. 10C shows a state in which the floor supporting member is packaged in a narrow place, for example, a lower portion of a vehicle or a vehicle, when the bottom support member is not used. If the reposition support member is just for light weight structure with several tons of payload, the three basic elements can be made of light metal, so it is easy to handle. According to circumstances, the position shifting support member can be directly fixed to a safe position of the carrier even in an assembled state. In FIG. 10B, the repositioning support member 5 is in an unfolded state and may be an original position for assembly to the carrier or vice versa when disassembled. According to each, the traction arm 30 and the lower leg 20 are pivoted in the clockwise or counterclockwise directions in the directions of arrows 70 and 71. In FIG. 10A an additional link axis 72 is shown above, assembled in a carrier itself, such as a hollow profile (FIG. 15). The link shaft can also be quickly disassembled and assembled in the carrier according to the support leg 103 (as shown in FIG. 12) or, if necessary, stored in an assembled state in a safe state in the carrier. The vertical bottom support member 103 or the bending leg can be selectively used according to special circumstances. The bottom support member 103 (FIG. 11A) was previously conceived for a long time in the case of an air product, and the rocker arm type support member was taken into consideration when the high position continued for a short time while switching from a high position to a low position. . The link shaft 72 extends 73 so as to be easily rotated in an assembled state and has a rigid support shaft 74 inserted into the corresponding position of the carrier. The constant position in the high position is locked by an additional spring, as the case may be, by means of a lock bar 29 (as fixed). Thus, the carrier can stay at a constant height for a certain time. The upper leg 21 also suppresses the movement in the rotating journal 26 in the assembled state by the split pin 75 in and out by the split pin or locking pin 76. There is a hole 77 in the upper leg 21 so that the rotary journal 25 is supported with sufficient clearance therein. Floor support members are also conceived by the concept of standardization in this way. The application of individual modules depends on the degree of need. The locking bar 29 serves to prevent the twisting together with the locking pin 29 '. The vehicle can thus take a safe posture at a certain height (at least during storage-vehicle or at least during loading or repositioning).

Next, refer to FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C. At the same time the vehicle in FIG. 11A is a camping car and a simple container is shown in FIG. 11B. FIG. 11C shows a motorhome that is a trailer that can be supported on a reposition support member as a parking body at a certain place. The light vehicle 100 presented in two axes may be, for example, one vehicle model and Mercedes Sprinter, VWLT35, Ford Transit, IVECO, and the like are known. On its left side, the carrier is presented as a repositioning container 102 which is supported on the floor 104 above the support member 103. Arrow 106 indicates engagement with vehicle 101 and moves under position change container 102 with its chassis 107 rear. The reposition container 102 is then assembled to the chassis as described in detail below. The completed assembly unit is indicated by the arrow 108 as a vehicle ready to start. 11b and 11c show the conveyance by two different applications, ie simultaneous or by trailer with the vehicle itself, and FIG. 11b shows that the conveying is carried out in two ways. The conveyance by the trailer 109 is great when it is a passenger car or a wheel within the allowable load range.

12A, 12B, and 12C, three different positions are shown from the start of the lowering of the carrier 102 to the bottom of the chassis. 12A at the same time shows the end of the upward movement of the container from the support on the floor by the support member 103. The undercarriage has a position switching stage 110 thereon and there is an intermediate element in which a switch is made between the undercarriage and the cow. This element consists of the lifting device 111 and the trapping cone 112. The trapping cone 112 forms a trapping cone / trapping cone combination 114 with a trapping cone 113 and the lowering device 111 is composed of a plurality of particularly four hydraulic cylinders 115 so that the piston The rod 116 and the piston rod head 117 support the carrier 102 on the support plate 118, respectively. The carrier has a flat groove 119 and a cross bar 120 is fixed to the lower portion thereof, and the trapping cone 113 and two moving plates / support plates 118 are fixedly connected thereto. The crossbar 120 may be configured as a hollow body, and the horizontal support 121 which is a part of the vertical support member 103 may be assembled or inserted at both outer ends thereof. The support member 103 is lifted by a small distance X from the bottom in FIG. 12A, the dimension of which is smaller than the dimension X 'between the reversing stage 110 and the support plate 11 of the carrier. The difference corresponds to the bending of the spring of the reversing stage 110 on the undercarriage 107. The support member 103 can be removed at a position according to FIG. 12B and can, for example, be rotated 180 ° vertically by 90 ° horizontally. The carrier 102 or the entire container 102 is now completely placed on the lifting device 111. It is possible to start the descent movement. The piston rod 116 enters quickly and descends along the entire carrier 102 until the trapping cone 112 contacts the centering cone 113 (FIG. 12C). The trapping cone 112 in its simplest form is a large circular iron body with a conical tip and is fixedly coupled to the chassis or the position change table. The trapping cone 112 is also mechanically movable and consists of a moving piston, for example, to perform other functions. The main function of the trapping cone 112 is to retract the centering cone 113 to hold the center of the trapping cone and to fix the carrier at the final center position. Arrow 122 in FIG. 12B shows the vertical movement of the carrier from top to bottom. Arrow 123 shows the horizontal movement, and a defeat motion occurs between the centering cone 113 and the inclined surface 125 'of the trapping cone (FIG. 14). In spite of the original idea, the practical results so far suggest that the process is most advantageous in the final movement process from the position according to Fig. 12b to the position according to Fig. 12c. This process does not rattle when no artificial stop is made during the movement. The undercarriage allows the container to move in a number of degrees of freedom by its movement, due to its spring deformation, so that the container is 'shook' or 'slid' to the correct support position, ie, the support plate 18 or the piston rod head 117. It may be advantageous to use materials that require perturbation. In particular, the intermediate bearing 124 that acts as a buffer between the position switching stage 110 and the pratt groove 119 is installed so that four of the intermediate blocks, which act as buffers on all sides while the vehicle is traveling, are called so-called each chassis, that is, the target of the transition. Make sure that you are still well.

13A, 13B and 14A and 14C, one can estimate the more important form of the new invention, namely the size of the sliding plate and the trapping cone. The maximum width of the chassis is assumed to be approximately the same as the maximum width CB of the WB and the container. The spacing Stw between the supporting members is large by dimensions B1 and B2 in comparison thereto (Fig. 12A). B1 + B2 is a play that allows the driver to park the undercarriage under the vehicle 12. The width LB of the support plate 118 and the width TB of the trapping cone are about the same, and are approximately equal to the sum of B1 and B2. In practice, these dimensions are in the range of 120 and 50 cm. This has the unique advantage that each parking position is placed on the undercarriage exactly with the same result within the gap Stw between the supporting members. The same problem occurs in the transverse direction of the vehicle as in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 3. 13B shows that the cone has four sliding surfaces 125, 125 ', 125 ", 125" ". Each inclined sliding surface 125 serves to bring the trapping cone to the centering position Z (FIG. 14C). The angle a selects more than 90 °, which is optimal especially in the range of about 120 °. G represents the center of the container. The further the center moves from the support to the trapping cone while the carrier or container is descending, the greater the lateral sliding action S on the container. By the sliding action S, the sliding plate / support plate 118 slides over the piston rod head 117. Sliding is achieved by cooperation with a sliding plate having a flat trapping cone. However, as a theoretical observation, if the transport is instantaneously placed on the tip of two trapping cones and all the piston rods are freely lowered, it will be completely unstable for the container. The container will be inclined to one side or the other side forcibly to make a lateral sliding movement again. Some vibration will occur again for the sliding motion. The trapping cone may have a different shape, such as a round guide surface, than a simple pyramid. The trapping cone has a unique function of centering the vehicle while driving. Sliding material GL can be added to the sliding plate or the piston rod 1b or the piston head 116 '.

Figures 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d and 16 together show a systematic arrangement of the container modules of the crossbeam and the elements mentioned. The optimal arrangement is that both centering cones 113 are arranged on the longitudinally symmetrical surface 130 of the container. This results in optimal, respectively similar or identical situations in all four directions (lateral and longitudinal) for vibration- and sliding loads. Regarding the transmission and the action of the force in the lightweight container, it is preferable to install two support plates 118 such as the centering cone 113 before and after each in the transverse planes (131 and 131 ') of the cavity. The same applies to the complementary parts, the trapping cone and the lifting device or the four hydraulic cylinders thereof (Fig. 5c). Especially in the case of large dimensions, the crossbeam 120 may consist of an intermediate cavity 132 and two side profiles 133. Both crossbeams 120 and 120 'are connected by two longitudinal joints 134 and 134' so that the container's reversing plate or base can be screwed with a wooden base and, in some cases, with a wooden base or carrier module. To form. This allows for assembly of varying lengths and widths. The longitudinal crossbeams can be rigidly combined to adjust to the longitudinal beams of the vehicle. Deformations of length L and width B can be adapted to each vehicle model.

16 shows one simple form of a crossbeam structure.

17a and 17b show, for example, loading and / or loading, for example for lifting heavy cargo, for example on a cargo, loading rack, conveying frame or loading surface or optionally by means of the cross arms. The advantageous applicability of the knee type leg according to the invention is shown. It is not uncommon for heavy cargo to be disembarked from a vehicle, brought through the door into the building, and moved to a lower level through a series of stairs. The horizontal movement can most often be done by pushing or pulling on the rollers without any problems. On the other hand, lifting is not enough height in the building, which is a big problem when it requires work without crane. As can be estimated in FIGS. 17A and 17B this can be done simply in two steps without great risk. This can be a center of gravity G, for example a transformer. This is placed in the ground in the first step. At the same time, the practitioner with four knee legs is installed in the building and the staircase is pushed to the front leg to give the horizontal moving load. The vehicle is symbolically represented by a brake pad to prevent horizontal movement as needed. The descent is performed according to what has been described many times above. The reverse order occurs when lifting or loading cargo. This problem may arise for example in cargoes weighing 100 kg or more than 100 kg, such as small boilers. The big advantage is that the vertical lifting function is switched to the traction function. In all cases, it can be concluded that the knee leg can be combined with the cargo itself or the load surface by means of a cross arm in any way and thus it can be accurately grasped by the load. Tensile forces may in some cases be directed to an electric winch or a manual winch or lifting device.

By setting up the position change support member when loading and unloading the cargo by the truck, it can be done simply without mobilizing special equipment in a short time as compared with the prior art, and thus, the logistics cost can be drastically reduced. .

Claims (14)

In the position shifting support member, the position shifting support member is pivotable by the link shaft and can be connected or connected by the platform and the traction device. In particular, the reposition support member for placing the cargo in the flat groove in the flat groove for the carrier has a pull lever which is separated by a link axis as a load arm, and the effective length of the load arm versus the force arm. Position shifting support member comprising a variable lever with respect to the ratio. The load arm has at least one or a plurality of knee legs and constitutes one knee lever supporting member. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The four reposition support members are pivotable and movable in the same direction in the lower part of the practitioner or carrier, and the practitioner or carrier is on the one hand lowered to the bottom or bottom by the lever movement of the reposition support member. Positioning support member, characterized in that can be connected to the turning aid means in such a way that it is possible to return to the height again. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The inner side of the load arm for operating by means of the link stopper and each rocker lever supporting member has in particular two or more link positions, each of which is limited by any one of the angles of 90 ° or more by the link stopper. Positioning support member, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, At least two positioning support members are composed of a roller rail having a towing lever extending to the carrier by the link shaft. The method according to claim 1, wherein Each of the two reposition support members are connected by parallel towings on each side of the carrier to interlock all rocker lever support members, and the pivoting movement is achieved by pushing or pulling, in particular by mechanical, electrical or hydraulic pivotal aids. Positioning support member, characterized in that the losing. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The position change from the high to the low of the practitioner or vehicle, or vice versa, is achieved by the securing of the prop between the prathome and the vehicle, which in particular is the parallel between the outer end of the vehicle and the force arm. And a movement preventing device acting on both sides between the vehicle and the load arm of the positioning support member. The method of claim 7, wherein The towing device is at least a part, in particular at the rear of the vehicle, in particular a repositioning support member, characterized in that it has a towing rope coupled with the vehicle jack (especially vertically adjustable) jack. The method of claim 1, It has a leg connected by two or more link shafts, and when not in use, it can be quickly assembled in the form of a package including a traction arm connected by a link as opposed to the state of attachment in actual operation. Position shifting support member. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It has at least one or more fasteners, the position shifting support member characterized in that it has a fastener for fixing the practitioner or carrier in a high position or an intermediate position. The method of claim 1, For quick turnover of cargoes to the high and low positions by the carrier support members a) The process of moving from the elevated position of the platform or carrier to the fixed position is carried out by a lifting device that acts vertically by small strokes. b) On the one hand, by the pivoting movement of the reposition support member, the application of the reposition support member, characterized in that it is lowered to the bottom or lower position and on the other hand returns to the high position. The method of claim 11, The locating support is constructed as part of the standard structure and has at least a locating platform that can be connected to the chassis, where the lifting device and trapping cone can be assembled, and the locating platform is arranged above the chassis, especially within the spring deformation distance area of the chassis. And the repositioning support member is particularly applicable in place of the vertical support member leg. The method of claim 1, In particular, the four reversible support members are pivotable to the high load rack transport frame (plate) or plate for loading and unloading of heavy loads and are fixed to the link shaft, and the load can be supported in a high position without any external force for a while by the pivoting movement. Application of the position switching support member characterized in that. The method of claim 1, The use of relocating support members is adapted for the carriage deck or reversing system or for the mount of an intermediate deck of a container or carrier or a camping car or camping vehicle carrier.