KR20010034736A - Safety system for a projectile fuse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a safety system for a small arms projectile in which an initiating device is impacted by a firing member in order to detonate a main explosive charge. The system requires the firing member to be retained in a safe position in relation to the initiating device by at least two independent mechanisms. The firing member is initially supported in a forward position, in which it assists in holding the initiator device in a safe condition, and is caused to move rearwardly, through inertia, when the projectile is fired, destroying one of the retaining mechanisms and allowing the initiator device to adopt a primed position in which it can be activated by the firing member which at this time is retained by the other retaining mechanism which is automatically released when the projectile is in flight. The initiator device may, when held in its safe condition, be skewed with respect to the main explosive charge and may incorporate or support a shield disposed, in the safe condition, between the initiator device and the main explosive charge.

Description

Safety system for projectile fuse {SAFETY SYSTEM FOR A PROJECTILE FUSE}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to safety systems and in particular to small weapon projectiles for small arms.

EP-B-0363079 describes a small weapon projectile for a slingshot weapon fired from a cartridge having an explosive charge, where the projectile generally comprises a cylindrical case, a warhead assembly, the warhead being loaded with an explosion A hollow part constituting the water and the detonating agent, and the case is formed to include a firing pin spring eccentric to a safe position and at least eccentric to a safety pin spring, the eccentric safety pin spring from the small arms muzzle It applies to the exit of the projectile.

EP-B-0363079 describes a projectile with mechanical safety means to hold the launch pin in a safe position. The mechanical safety means comprise at least one eccentric safety pin spring which extends on the axis of the launch pin and is located in the radial bore on the launch pin to prevent axial movement of the launch pin. The safety pin is held radially by the cartridge.

There is a drawback associated with this arrangement. When the projectile is removed from the muzzle of a small weapon, a rapid deceleration, such as hitting air, occurs, which causes the projectile case to slow down and the deceleration force causes the projectile to provide force to the launch pin in the direction of the detonation. The shear force exerted on the safety pin by the deceleration between the casing and the launch pin hinders the release of the safety pin until the shear force is overcome by the spring biasing force acting on the pin. The launch pin is then held in a safe position by the safety pin. Only when the shear force is reduced the safety pin will release the firing pin. This effect generally slows the arming of the projectile to at least 0.1 seconds (or about 10 meters), or preferably 0.2 to 0.3 seconds, equivalent to a range of about 20 or 30 meters or less. This means that targets at short distances cannot be involved and targets of 25 to 30 meters may not always be involved.

Another drawback with this arrangement is that there is only one safety measure for keeping the launch pin in a safe position. Thus, there is a possibility that the loading of explosives can be inadvertently initialized if, for example, the safety pin is removed from the firing pin by damage to the cartridge.

To address these issues, EP-B-0363079 proposes the use of chemical safety measures in addition to mechanical safety measures. Chemical means include a layer of flammable adhesive material inserted between the launch pin and the vicinity of the hollow of the case. The flammable adhesive material is connected to the rear opening of the case near the explosive charge and is activated by the explosion of the explosive charge when the projectile is fired.

In this arrangement, the flammable adhesive material holds the launch pin in its safe position for the distance when the predetermined projectile is launched. This prevents any shear forces between the launch pin and the safety pin when the foot deceleration still strikes the air. In this way, the release of the safety pin causes the projectile to leave the muzzle of the small weapon. It takes time for the flammable adhesive material to release the launch pin so the projectile is determined by the properties of the flammable adhesive material.

The problem with this arrangement is that if the flammable adhesive material is wrapped for an extended period of time, especially if the adhesion has any drawbacks, it may deteriorate and become unstable. This is a major drawback if long retention periods are generally required for ammunition use.

Another problem associated with this arrangement is that manufacturing delays can result in insufficient flammable adhesive material to ensure that any delay in arming is close to about 3 meters from the user when the projectile is fired.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a small weapon projectile having safety means for releasing the firing pins by applying the acceleration force due to firing by keeping the firing pins in a safe position prior to firing.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a small weapon projectile with at least two mechanically independent safety means for holding the launch pin in a safe position prior to launch.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a small weapon projectile having safety means for holding the launch pin in a safe position prior to firing, which is soon to be launched with a more reliable means than the known safety means. will be.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a small weapon projectile for a small weapon, the projectile generally comprising a cylindrical casing, warhead and detonator, the warhead having an explosive charge, and the casing having an axis for colliding with the detonator. Having a launch pin movable in a direction, the launch pin is releasably restrained in a safe position by a safety release means, wherein the safety release means restrains the launch pin in a safe position with the application of an acceleration force of 500 g or less and the bore of a small weapon The launch pin is released from the safe position by the application of the acceleration force determined for the projectile being fired at.

As used herein, the abbreviation “g” should be understood to denote acceleration due to gravity. Typically small weapon projectiles experience accelerations between 10,000 g and 15,000 g when fired from the bore of a small weapon. The safety release means maintains the launch pin in a safe position with an application of acceleration of 500g or less to prevent accidental equipment of the projectile before launch. In this way, the acceleration applied to the projectile is generally less than 500 g, so that the releaseable safety measures protect the user if the projectile accidentally falls off during handling.

Advantageously, said safety release means comprises at least one primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means and at least one secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means, wherein said firing pin is provided in said predetermined order when the projectile is fired. Release in the safe position by release of the primary and secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means. In this way if one of the mechanically releaseable deterrents does not work, the other prevents the launch pin from moving to the detonator in the safe position. Since the releaseable papermaking means is mechanical, the papermaking of the launch pin is improved and the problems associated with chemical decomposition are solved.

Preferably, the first mechanically releaseable papermaking means is only releaseable from the launch pin after the second mechanically releaseable papermaking means is released. This prevents the launch pin from moving towards the detonator when the projectile is ejected from the muzzle of a small weapon.

Preferably, the primary mechanically releaseable papermaking means is releaseable from the launch pin by the axial movement of the launch pin in a direction away from the detonation agent. Upon launch, the acceleration force applied to the launch pin can be used to release the launch pin from the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent.

In a preferred embodiment, the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means comprises a brittle element disposed between the base of the launch pin and the casing. The launch pin can be restrained by a brittle element.

Preferably, the strength of the fragile element is such that it prevents the axial movement of the launch pin in the direction away from the detonation agent before firing and is broken by the axial movement of the launch pin in the axial direction as soon as it is launched. In this way the fragile element prevents the release of the launch pin in the primary mechanically releaseable restraining means until sufficient acceleration is applied to the launch pin when the projectile is launched. Immediately after launch, the acceleration force applied to the launch pin can be made sufficient to withstand impact loads due to mishandling before launch.

Preferably, the strength of the brittle element is sufficient to withstand up to 500 g of acceleration applied to the launch pin. In this way the fragile element is easily broken when the projectile is launched, but its structure prevents the axial movement of the launch pin and the release of the primary mechanically releaseable restraining means prior to firing.

In a preferred embodiment, the brittle element is a hollow disk. In this way fragile elements can be easily made and their breaking strength is certainly controlled during manufacturing.

Preferably, the detonator is moveable between the unarmed position and the biased armed position and held in the unequipped position by engagement with the launch pin in a safe position. In this way, the detonator is moved from the safe position and is not equipped until the disengagement from the detonator is released.

Preferably, the initiator is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the casing. In this way, the detonator can be rotated to the deflection equipment position as soon as the launch pin fires and is released into engagement.

In a preferred embodiment, the launch pin is deflected axially away from the detonator. This can prevent the launch pin from moving towards the detonator when the projectile is fired.

Preferably, the firing pin is deflected by a compression spring having sufficient rigidity to prevent axial movement of the firing pin into the detonator by deceleration of the projectile when leaving the muzzle of the small weapon. This prevents the launch pin from moving toward the detonator as soon as the projectile leaves the muzzle of the small weapon. In this way, the launch pin hits the detonator when the projectile hits the target.

Preferably, said primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means comprises at least one spring deflection safety pin. In this way the safety pin can be radially restrained in the cartridge from which the projectile is launched. The safety pin is radially restrained by the bore surface of the weapon that is fired and released from the muzzle. The projectile is therefore equipped shortly after or immediately after leaving the shotgun muzzle.

In a preferred embodiment, two spring deflecting safety pins are provided for release in opposite radial directions. This avoids the imbalance of the projectile when fired.

Preferably, the safety pin includes a detent at a remote end that is engaged by the launch pin in a safe position. The safety pin is easily engaged by the launch pin.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a small weapon projectile for a small weapon, wherein the projectile generally includes a cylindrical casing, a warhead, and an explosive, the warhead has an explosion load, and the casing is an axis for colliding with the explosive. A launch pin movable in a direction, the launch pin being releasably restrained in a safe position by a fragile element disposed between the base of the launch pin and the casing and at least one biased releaseable safety pin. Is released by the axial movement of the launch pin in a direction away from and thus the brittle element prevents the axial movement of the launch pin in the axial direction before firing and immediately upon launching the launch pin in the axial direction. It is broken and thus the launch pin is released.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a small weapon projectile for a small weapon, wherein the projectile generally includes a cylindrical casing, a warhead, and an explosive, the warhead has an explosive charge and an explosive, and a casing collides with the explosive Having an axially movable launch pin for discharging, the launch pin is releasably restrained in a safe position by at least one primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means and at least one secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means, wherein The launch pin is released in the safe position by the release of the primary and secondary mechanically releaseable restraining means in a predetermined order when the projectile is launched.

In a preferred embodiment, the first mechanically releaseable papermaking means becomes releaseable at the launch pin independently of the second mechanically releaseable papermaking means. In this way, one of the mechanically releaseable restraining means can be used independently to delay the equipment being equipped.

Preferably, the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means surrounds and surrounds a plurality of radially movable elements engaged with the outer circumference of the firing pin and the outer circumference of the casing to prevent axial movement of the firing pin prior to firing. A plurality of fins pivotally connected, the fins being at least partially restrained in a folded down position within the cartridge case and deflected radially outwardly with respect to the casing when the projectile leaves the muzzle of the small weapon. Thus moving the projectile radially outward under centrifugal force to rotate the projectile about the axis and release the launch pin. In this way, the movement of the firing can be delayed for a predetermined period once the projectile is launched and leaves the muzzle of the small weapon.

The warhead is formed from a hollow casing provided with a plurality of fracture recesses about its inner or outer circumference. In another embodiment the hollow casings are fitted together with coil springs on explosives cast during manufacture. The warhead is also optionally provided toward the front in which a sealant recess for receiving a soft plastic sealant ring in contact with the bore of the gliding weapon is in use. The soft seal ring seals between the projectile and the bore even if the bore is somewhat deformed.

The warhead has a standard explosive like the A5. The warhead is also equipped with a detonator that is held on a support plate adjacent to the rear of the load towards the rear end or inserted into a recess in the load itself.

The casing is formed of aluminum or steel depending on the weight requirement or molded of an epoxy resin in which ball bearings of the required weight are shot. The casing is provided in moldable plastic such as steel, aluminum or epoxy resin. The casing is equipped with tracer compounds detonated by explosive charges as needed.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a small weapon projectile for a small weapon, the projectile generally comprising a tubular casing, warhead, and explosive, the detonator being explosive in response to mechanical shock Wherein the warhead has a second explosive charge that can be exploded by exposure to the first explosive charge, the casing has an axially movable launch pin for colliding with the detonator, and the launch pin is secure Release means restrained in a safe position by means of a release means, wherein the detonation means comprises means for forming the first explosion load into a predetermined shape with respect to the detonation axis, wherein the detonation axis comprises a launch pin in which the safety release means is in a safe position. It is not aligned with the moving axis of the launch pin when restraining.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

1 is a vertical sectional view of a projectile according to an embodiment of the present invention with a 3 "(7.56 cm) 12 gauge cartridge removed.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing a projectile of another embodiment of the invention. FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing a projectile of another embodiment of the invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing a projectile of another embodiment of the invention.

5 (a) and 5 (b) are partial cross-sectional views showing the alternative relationship between the detonator and the warhead shown in the previous figures in the safe (but accidentally exploded) and armed conditions.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing another alternative relationship between the detonating agent and the warhead.

In all figures, similar components of the small weapon projectile of different embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 1, the projectile 1 is formed of a hollow warhead 2 and a hollow casing 3. The projectiles generally have a cylindrical shape with respect to the central axis and are formed by aluminum casting. The warhead 2 and the casing 3 are each formed by casting and provided as interlocking means in the form of an outer thread 4 on the casing and an inner thread 5 on the warhead. The warhead and casing are joined together just before the assembly with the 12-bore cartridge.

The casing 3 has an axial bore 6 which receives a cylindrical firing pin 7 which is axially movable. The launch pin 7 has a conical needle portion 8 for contact with an explosive charge initiator 23 located in the warhead at the operating end closest to the warhead 2. The launch pin 7 also comprises a fixed disk portion 9 adjacent to the needle portion, a shaft portion 10 and a base portion 11 of reduced diameter adjacent the fixed disk portion. The fixed disk portion 9 and the base portion 11 have an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the axial bore 6. The base portion 11 includes an annular recess 12 in the vicinity of the shaft portion 10 having a reduced diameter.

In the figure the launch pin 7 is shown in its safe position. In this position the firing pin 7 is in the form of two diametrically opposed spring biased safety pins 13 and primary mechanical releasble restraining means and brittle. It is held by safety release means, including secondary mechanical releaseable papermaking means in the form of a hollow disk element 15.

The safety pins 13 are each located in a throughbore 16 in which a stage is formed in the casing 3. The through bore 16 has an axis perpendicular to the axis of the casing 3. The safety pin 13 includes a shaft portion 18 and a pin cap portion 17 located at a portion of which the diameter of the through bore 16, in which the end is formed, is reduced. The shaft portion 18 of the safety pin has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the portion where the diameter of the through bore is reduced. The compression spring 19 is installed in the larger diameter of the stepped through bore 16 to press the pin cap 17 to deflect the safety pin 13 radially outward. The safety pin 13 is held in the through bore by engaging with the firing pin 7. Each safety pin at the spaced end of the safety pin comprises a reduced diameter portion 20 adjacent to the shaft portion 18 and an outwardly flared cone 21 defining a detent. The reduced diameter portion 20 extends from the through bore in which the end is formed and engages with the forward axial face 22 of the base portion 11. The outwardly conical portion 21 is located in part in the annular recess 12 to prevent the axial movement of the firing pin 7 in the direction of the initiator 23.

Due to the fact that the safety pin 13 is held by the firing pin 7 because the safety pin 13 is no longer needed to be manually held in the pre-expanded state before being placed in the cartridge for use, It is greatly simplified.

The brittle hollow disc element 15 is located between the base portion 11 of the firing pin 7 and the annular back plate 24 attached to the casing 3. The strength of the brittle element is such that it prevents the axial movement of the firing pin in the direction away from the detonation agent before firing and is broken by the axial movement of the firing pin in the axial direction as soon as it is launched. In this regard, brittle elements can withstand up to 5000 g of acceleration applied to the launch pin.

The compression spring 25 is arranged around the cone 8 of the firing pin 7. The compression spring is held in engagement with the annular retaining plate 26 fixed to the fixed disk portion 9 and the inner surface of the casing 3. The annular retaining plate 26 includes a central aperture 30 for receiving the cone 8. In the illustrated safety position, the compression spring does not apply significant load to the safety pins.

In use four fins 27 extending radially outward from the body of the casing 3 are located at the spaced end of the casing 3 and its periphery. The fins 27 are in a precise arrangement such that they lie on the outer circumference of the casing, for example in their folded down position in the cartridge or barrel. For this reason, the fin 27 is hinged at a hinge axis slightly angled to the longitudinal axis of the projectile indicated by reference numeral 28 so that the air pressure opens the pin 27 when the projectile is released from the weapon's muzzle. Rotate the The pins 27 are formed of an elastic material such as copper, or molded into a final form of fin from a moldable metal such as plastics or aluminum. Although the invention has been described in the context of fins, it should be appreciated that the invention also describes a projectile that does not include fins.

The warhead assembly 2 is generally formed of a cylindrical aluminum casting and includes a domed front end. The domed front end is in contact with a cylindrical portion extending downward toward the casing 3. The hollow part of the warhead 2 has an explosive 29, for example A5. In this particular embodiment the block of explosive 29 has a central bore 31 for the receipt of the detonating agent 23 which in this particular example defines a part of the shutter mechanism. Detonator 23 is rotatably mounted on an axis perpendicular to the axis of warhead 2 for moving between the angular position shown and the spring deflection position 90 degrees apart. Detonator 23 has a wedge shaped slot 41 that engages the tip of cone 8 when the firing pin is in a safe position. In this way the firing pin 7 holds the detonator 23 in an unarmed angular position. A spring biasing means (not shown) is provided for rotating the detonator 23 to 90 degrees in the armed position when the firing pin is moved relatively rearward. Detonator 23 also has an aperture 32 for receiving the tip of the cone 8 when rotated to the armed position.

The preformed crushed (fragment) portion is also formed on the inner or outer surface of the warhead 2. Alternatively, the warhead 2 is formed of a cured epoxy resin with a plurality of ball bearings exposed. The advantage of the latter structure is that the weight of the warhead can be adjusted by the use of the appropriate weight and number of ball bearings. The balance of the projectile assembly can, of course, be varied by placing the ball bearings in various positions with different numbers in the body of warhead 2 forming material.

An explosive charge molded into a predetermined form is charged to warhead 2 and detonator 23 located therein. The casing 3 is assembled by positioning the brittle disk element 15 at the base of the bore 6 of the casing 3 when the firing pin 7 is inserted into the bore 6. The safety pin 13 is then inserted into the bore 6 and pressed. As the cap 17 of the safety pin 13 is held in a pressed-in condition, the firing pin 7 is held in a safe position and the casing 3 and the warhead 2 are screwed together. When the projectile drops to the height of the casing removed cartridge in this position, the concussion releases the launch pin 7 because the safety pins 13 interlock with the launch pins and are strong enough so that the fragile disc element 15 does not break. I never do that. A fin 27 is then placed in its radially inward position and the device is mounted on a standard 12-bore cartridge to fit over the top of the charge cap just above the propellant charge. Slide in.

The cartridge is placed in a standard shotgun with a cylindrical barrel and fired in the normal way. When fired, the projectile 1 leaves the cartridge (not shown) and moves along a smooth bore barrel. The acceleration force applied to the projectile in the barrel is generally in the range of 10000 g to 15000 g. The acceleration force of the launch pin 7 causes the launch pin 7 to break the brittle disk element 15. This causes the firing pin to move axially away from the detonating agent 23. Detonator 23 is released at its unarmed position and rotated 90 degrees to the armed position relative to the axis. As the firing pin moves away from the detonating agent 23, the safety pin 13 is disengaged from the annular recess 12. Upon release from the barrel the restraint on the inner wall of the bore is immediately removed and the safety pin 13 is immediately released radially outward.

As soon as the barrel is released, the projectile is slowed down because the gunpowder gas pressure in the barrel no longer works. The deceleration of the projectile propels the launch pin 7 towards the detonator 23. Contact between the launch pin 7 and the detonating agent 23 is avoided by the forward movement of the launch pin against the restraining force exerted by the compression spring 25 at this stage. When the projectile 1 strikes the target, the deceleration force is very large and the associated force acting on the launch pin 7 overcomes the restraining force of the compression spring 25 and the tip of the launch pin 7. It enters the opening 32 of the detonation agent 23 and thus explodes a charge.

Referring to FIG. 2, the projectile 1 is substantially the same as the projectile of FIG. 1. The projectile of FIG. 2 differs from the projectile of FIG. 1 in that the launch pin 7 comprises two separate components. The conical tip portion 8, the fixed disk portion 9 and the reduced shaft portion 10 are formed as one component, and the base portion 11 is formed as a separate component. The base portion 11 is provided with an annular flange 61 on a radial blind circumference on a central blind bore 60 and its forward axial face 22. The reduced shaft portion 10 is located in the blind bore 60 at the end furthest from the tip 8. The reduced diameter portion is propelled in engagement with the annular recess 63 having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the blind bore 60 and having a stage formed in the opening of the blind bore 61 by the compression spring 25. Shoulder 62 positioned along its length. The safety pin 13 has a shaft portion 18 having a constant diameter including the slot 64. The slot 64 provides a detent that engages the annular flange 61 to prevent axial movement of the firing pin 7 in the direction of the detonation agent 23. In this regard, the slot 64 and the annular flange 61 are provided with the reduced diameter 20 of the safety pin 13 of the projectile of FIG. It will be understood as a substitute.

The projectile of FIG. 2 is launched in the same manner as the projectile of FIG. The acceleration force applied to the base portion 11 immediately after firing causes the base portion 11 to break the fragile disk element 15. This causes the base portion 11 to move axially away from the detonation medicine 23 with respect to the shaft portion 10. As the base portion 11 is moved away from the detonating agent 23, the safety pin 13 is released from engagement with the annular flange 61. The axial movement of the shaft portion 10 in the direction away from the detonation medicine 23 is prevented by the engagement of the disk portion 9 and the safety pin 13. The detonator 23 is thus maintained in an unarmed position by the engagement of the tip 8 with the V-groove. As soon as it is released from the barrel, the safety pin is released radially outward and the biasing force of the compression spring 25 propels the shaft portion 10 toward the base portion 11 in the axial direction away from the detonation medicine 23. This causes the detonator 23 to be released at its unarmed position. The detonator 23 then rotates 90 degrees to its armed position to equip the projectile.

Referring to FIG. 3, the projectile 1 is substantially the same as the projectile of FIG. 1. The projectile of FIG. 3 differs from the projectile of FIG. 1 in that the safety pin 13 has a shaft portion 42 of constant diameter extending from the cap portion 17. In FIG. 3 the safety pin 13 is radially restrained in the through bore 16 by means of cartridges fitted together. In the safety position shown, the safety pin 13 can engage the axial face 22 facing forward of the base portion 11 to prevent the axial movement of the firing pin 7 in the direction of the detonating agent 23, It can also be engaged with the opposite axial face of the fixed disk 9 to prevent axial movement of the firing pin 7 in a direction away from the detonation agent.

Secondary mechanical releasble restraining means are provided by a plurality of circumferentially spaced radially movable elements 43. The elements 43 are fitted to each other in an annular groove 44 which is generally formed in a portion 45 having an L-shaped cross section and whose diameter of the firing pin 7 adjacent the base 11 is reduced. The element 43 is radially deflected radially inwardly to the annular groove 44 by a spring biasing means 56 between the element 43 and the casing 3. The element 43 is received in an annular recess 47 formed in the bore 6 at the end of the casing away from the warhead 2. The annular recess 47 defines an axial surface 49 with a stage formed in the bore 6. The radial dimension of the element 43 is such that the element 43 extends radially outwardly of the annular recess 44 and extends a part of the annular recess 47 along the axial face in the deflected position shown. In this position the element 43 defines a radial gap 50 between the casing and the radially outer end. In this position, the element 43 also prevents the axial movement of the firing pin 7 in the direction toward the detonation agent 23 by engagement with the axial face 49 on which the end is formed. The radial dimension of the gap 50 is larger than the annular recess 45. The launch pin 7 is axially aligned with the bore 6 by the position of the end furthest from the cone 8 in the opening 51 provided in the end plate 24.

The detonating agent 23 is kept immovable from the explosive 29 by the annular plate 26.

Upon launch, the projectile 1 leaves the cartridge (not shown) and moves along the glide barrel. Upon release from the barrel, the restraint on the inner wall is removed and the safety pin 13 is immediately released. The movement of the firing pin 7 towards the detonating agent 23 is prevented by the engagement of the element 43 with the axial face 49. As the projectile is released from the barrel, a fin 27 develops and rotates the projectile about an axis. Rotation of the projectile in the predetermined position generates sufficient centrifugal force on the element 43 to force the element radially outward against the biasing force of the spring biasing means 46. When the element 43 is engaged with the annular recess 47, the engagement with the annular recess 45 is released and thus the firing pin 7 is released. This typically occurs three seconds after the barrel release, resulting in a projectile equipment delay equivalent to a 30-yard range far enough to ensure user safety. When the projectile is equipped, the tip of the launch pin 7 may enter the detonator by impact with the engaging target.

The projectile of FIG. 3 thus provides a projectile for a smooth bore weapon with a new delay equipment device, and the new equipment device itself.

Referring to FIG. 4, in another embodiment the projectile 1 is formed in a similar manner to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 with a hollow warhead 2 and a hollow casing 3. In the figure of FIG. 4, the details of the warhead 2 are omitted for clarity. The warhead 2 and the casing 3 are each formed by casting and have interlocking means in the form of an outer thread 70 on the warhead 2 and an inner thread 71 on the casing 3.

The projectile of FIG. 4 is equipped with two pieces of launch pins 7. The launch pin 7 of the projectile of FIG. 4 has a conical tip 8, a fixed disk 9 and a shaft 10 formed of one component, and the base 11 formed of a separate component. In this respect it is similar to the launch pin 7 of the projectile of FIG. 2. The shaft portion 10 is located in the central through bore 72 of the base portion 11. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the fixed disk comprises a frusto conical side potion 74 and a flat base 73 providing a recess 75 on the detonating side of the fixed disk. The cylindrical sleeve 76 is located in the bore 6 of the casing 3 adjacent to the firing pin 7. An annular shoulder 77 is provided at the end of the sleeve 76 closest to the launch pin tip 8 to receive one end of the compression spring 25. Another end of the compression spring is located in the recess to propel the flat base 73 of the stationary disk into engagement with the base 11.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the firing pin 7 has a first mechanical releaseable deterrent means comprising at least one spring deflecting safety pin 78, and a second mechanical in the form of a brittle disk element 79. It is held in a safe position indicated by the releaseable restraining means. In this embodiment the safety release means additionally comprises a tertiary mechanical releaseable papermaking means in the form of at least one shear pin 80 disposed in the recess 83 of the base 11. .

The safety pin 78 is located in the inclined through bore 81 on the casing 3 side. At one end, the safety pin 78 engages the prusto conical side 74 of the stationary disk 9. The safety pin 78 is a spring loaded radially outward by the compression spring 25 acting on the disk 9 and when the pin 27 is in a folded down state as shown. Is held in the through bore 81.

The shear pin 80 is located in the throughbore 82 on the side of the casing 3 and extends in the recess 83 provided in the base 11. The shear pin 80 is equipped with a reduced diameter brittle portion 84 positioned to correspond to the position between the recess 83 and the through bore 82.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the spring deflecting detonator 23 is located in the bore 6 of the casing 3. In this embodiment, the detonating agent 23 is equipped with an outer surface 85 having a step engaged with the tip of the cone 8 when the firing pin is in the safe position. Detonator 23 is a spring loaded in an armed position corresponding to opening 32 aligned with the axis of the firing pin.

The projectile of FIG. 4 is fired in the same manner as the projectiles of FIGS. Immediately after firing, the acceleration force applied to the base portion 11 causes the base portion 11 to break the brittle disk element 79 and the shear pin 80 to shear. This causes the base portion 11 to move axially away from the detonation medicine 23 with respect to the shaft portion 10. The axial movement of the shaft portion 10 in the direction away from the detonation agent is prevented by the engagement of the fruit cone 74 and the safety pin 78. By doing so, the detonator 23 is held in an unarmed position by the engagement of the tip 8 with the outer surface 85 on which the stage is formed when in the barrel of a smooth bore weapon. As soon as the barrel is released, a fin 27 is deployed, a safety pin 78 is released radially outward, and the biasing force of the compression spring 25 is separated from the detonator 23 in the axial direction. Push the shaft portion 10 toward 11). This causes the detonator 23 to be released at its unarmed position. The detonator 23 then rotates 30 degrees to its armed position to equip the projectile.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 has been described as including a single safety pin 78 and a single shear pin 80. In other embodiments they are added by second safety pins 78 and shear pins 80 positioned radially opposite to each other.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 is not a straight line of collision of the firing pin 7 into the detonator until it is moved to its armed position, nor is it a straight delivery line between the detonator and the explosive 29. Based on the important facts, this provides a further improved form of safety for this type of projectile. This is another advantage of the embodiment of the present invention, which is partially shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 6.

Referring to FIG. 5A, it can be seen that detonating agent 23 is contained in a cup-shaped structure 90 made of aluminum, preferably surrounded by a titanium foil or otherwise coated with a layer of titanium approximately 0.001 inches thick. Can be. The explosive charge 29 of the warhead is enclosed behind a shield 92 that employs a top-hat shape towards the thin center 93 and the detonator 23. The cup-shaped structures 90 and 91 are formed with lid parts 94 facing the shield 92 so that when the projectile is in a safe state, the detonating agent 23 is in series with the main load. When not, the lid 94 lies parallel to the front of the thin center 93 of the shield 92. By this means, the shape of the loading of the detonating agent and the shielding of the main loading 29 are provided so that in the event of an accidental explosion of the loading of loading by any external action, as indicated by the fracture of the lid 94. The energy of the load does not directly impact the main load 29 when it is missed out of a straight "line of sight", and the lid portion 94 of the cup-shaped structures 90 and 91 is easy to open as indicated by 94a, Thus providing a reinforced shield between the detonation charge and the main explosion charge 29 of the projectile.

FIG. 5B is the same as FIG. 5A except that it shows an armed condition, where the cup-shaped structures 90 and 91 rotate to align the charge 23 with the thin portion 93 of the shield 92. I was. In this state, when the detonation charge is fired, the open portion of the lid portion 94 is no longer positioned above the thin portion 93 of the shield 92, and the detonation charge of the detonator is loaded into the main explosive charge 29 of the warhead. To help me focus; That is, they provide an "emission channel" in which the energy of the detonator is directed to the main load.

In the arrangement of FIG. 6, the main difference from FIG. 5 is integral with the detonating agent 23 and rotates together, thus eliminating the need for the lead 94 in the cup-shaped structures 90, 91 different from that described with respect to FIG. 5. It is to provide a shielding shutter (95). This shutter 95 is shaped, dimensioned, and made of a suitable material to prevent or at least reduce the impact on the main explosive charge 29 of the accidental firing of the detonator charge. In this regard, this can be made relatively large as the detonator is automatically moved out of the line of action between the detonator 23 of the projectile and the main explosive charge 29 when it is rotated to its armed position.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, at least the loading of the detonating agent is shaped to obliquely shape the loaded load with respect to the straight course of the main explosive load in the "unarmed" state, and is "unarmed". The combination of providing additional shielding along the straight course in the "state" is the sensitivity of the warhead to the explosion in the "armed" state when the detonator charge is rotated to align with the straight course of the main explosive charge. Provides a clear degree of additional safety against unwanted explosions in the main loading, unless otherwise damaged.

It is to be understood that the embodiments shown and described herein represent the application of the invention in a form for illustrative purposes only. Indeed, the invention may be applied to many other configurations in which the detailed embodiments are simplified to those skilled in the art.

Claims (27)

In a small weapon projectile for small weapons, the projectile generally comprises a cylindrical casing, a warhead, and an explosive, the warhead has an explosive charge, and the casing has an axially movable launch pin for colliding with the explosive. The launch pin is restrained in a safe position by a safety release means, where the safety release means restrains the launch pin in a safe position with the application of an acceleration force of 500 g or less and is determined for the projectile being launched from the bore of the small weapon. Small weapon projectile that allows the launch pin to be released in a safe position by the application of acceleration. The method of claim 1, wherein the safety release means comprises at least one primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means and at least one secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means, wherein the firing pin is in a predetermined order when the projectile is launched. Small weapon projectile to be released in the safe position by release of the primary and secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means. 3. The compact weapon projectile of claim 1 or 2, wherein the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means becomes releaseable from the firing pin only after the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means is released. 4. The compact weapon projectile of claim 3, wherein the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means is releasable from the firing pin by axial movement of the firing pin in a direction away from the detonation agent. 5. The small-arm weapon projectile of claim 2, wherein the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means comprises a brittle element disposed between the base of the firing pin and the casing. 6. The compact weapon projectile of claim 5, wherein the strength of the fragile element prevents axial movement of the launch pin in a direction away from the detonation agent prior to firing and breaks by axial movement of the launch pin in the axial direction. 7. The compact weapon projectile of claim 6, wherein the strength of the frangible element is sufficient to withstand up to 500 g of acceleration applied to the firing pin. 8. The small-arm weapon projectile of claim 5, wherein the brittle element is a hollow disk. The weapon as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the detonating agent is movable between an unarmed position and a biased armed position and held in an unequipped position by engagement with the launch pin in a safe position. Projectile. 10. The compact weapon projectile of claim 9, wherein the detonator is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the casing. The small weapon projectile of any one of the preceding claims wherein the firing pin is axially biased away from the explosive. 12. The compact weapon projectile of claim 11, wherein the firing pin is deflected by a compression spring having sufficient rigidity to prevent axial movement of the launch pin into the detonator by deceleration of the projectile when leaving the muzzle of the small weapon. 13. The compact weapon projectile of claim 2, wherein the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means comprises at least one spring deflecting safety pin. 14. The mini-weapon projectile of claim 13 wherein the two spring biasing safety pins are provided for release in opposite radial directions. 15. The small-arm weapon projectile of claim 13 or 14, wherein the safety pin includes a detent at a remote end engaged by the launch pin in a safe position. In a small weapon projectile for small weapons, the projectile generally comprises a cylindrical casing, a warhead, and an explosive, the warhead has an explosive charge, and the casing has an axially movable launch pin for colliding with the explosive. Wherein the launch pin is releaseably restrained in a safe position by a fragile element disposed between the base of the launch pin and the casing and at least one biased releaseable safety pin, the safety pin being the axis of the launch pin in a direction away from the explosive And the fragile element prevents the axial movement of the firing pin in the axial direction before firing and is soon broken by the movement of the firing pin in the axial direction so that the firing pin is released. Small weapon projectile. In a small weapon projectile for small weapons, the projectile generally comprises a cylindrical casing, warhead and detonator, the warhead having an explosive charge and a detonator, the casing being an axially movable launch pin for colliding with the detonator Wherein the launch pin is releasably restrained in a safe position by at least one primary mechanically releaseable restraining means and at least one secondary mechanically releaseable restraining means, wherein the launching pin is predetermined when the projectile is launched; A small weapon projectile to be released in the safe position by release of the primary and secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means in sequence. 18. The small-arm weapon projectile of claim 17, wherein the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means is releasable at the launch pin independently of the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means. 19. The casing according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the secondary mechanically releaseable deterrent means comprises a plurality of radially movable elements engaging the outer periphery of the firing pins and the casing to prevent axial movement of the firing pins prior to firing. A plurality of fins spaced apart from the periphery and pivotally connected thereto, the fins being restrained at least partially in a folded down position within the cartridge case and against the casing when the projectile leaves the muzzle of the small weapon. Small weapon projectile which is deflected to deploy radially outward and thus moves the radially movable element radially outward under centrifugal force to rotate the projectile about an axis and release the launch pin. 20. The compact weapon projectile of claim 17, wherein the primary mechanically releaseable deterrent means is a spring deflecting safety pin. 21. The mini-weapon projectile of claim 20 wherein two spring biasing safety pins are provided for release in opposite radial directions. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the detonator is configured to generate an detonation charge responsive to the impact of the launch pin and includes means for forming the detonation detonation object into a predetermined shape about the detonation axis; The detonation axis is a small weapon projectile which is not aligned with the axis of movement of the launch pin when the safety release means restrains the launch pin in a safe position. In a small weapon projectile for a small weapon, the projectile generally comprises a tubular casing, warhead, and detonator, the detonator comprising a first explosive charge capable of exploding in response to a mechanical shock, wherein the warhead is a first warhead. Having a second explosive charge that can be exploded by exposure to an explosive charge, the casing has an axially movable launch pin for colliding with the detonator, the launch pin being releasable in a safe position by a safety release means Wherein the detonator comprises means for forming the first explosive charge into a predetermined shape relative to the detonator axis and the detonator axis moves the launch pin when the safety release means restrains the launch pin in a safe position. Small weapon projectiles that are not aligned with the axis. The small weapon projectile of claim 22 or 23, wherein the detonation axis is not aligned with the moving axis of the launch pin, and the shielding means is interposed between the explosion load. 25. The compact weapon projectile of claim 24, wherein the first explosive charge is in a cup-like structure and the shield comprises the structural portion. 26. The compact weapon projectile of claim 25, wherein the cup-like structure is made of aluminum and titanium. Small weapon projectile described in accordance with the accompanying drawings.