KR20010026084A - Multi-cylinder-metal bar extruding press - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A multi-cylinder metal bar extruding press is provided to minimize the elastic transformation of components by fixing a cylinder cross beam. CONSTITUTION: A cylinder cross beam(1) is fixed not to be moved for supporting a fixed pressurizing tool(11). A pressurizing piston(31) to be installed inside a cylinder(32) is connected with a filler(40) between the pressurizing piston(31) and a cylinder closing portion(36). The filler limits a cylinder space up to an operating face of the pressurizing piston. A gap to compensate an angle deviation between a cylinder shaft and a piston shaft is given to the filler. Thereby, structure of the multi-cylinder metal bar extruding press is simplified.

Description

Multi-cylinder metal bar extrusion press {MULTI-CYLINDER-METAL BAR EXTRUDING PRESS}

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a multi-cylinder metal bar extrusion press.

Background

The metal bar extrusion press is formed at least by a frame press and can move in the frame of the cylinder crossbeam, the opposing crossbeam, the tension anchors connecting them into one frame, and the pressure piston moving in the cylinder of the cylinder crossbeam. It consists of a running crossbeam. In the direct press method, the die and the receiving device of the ingot to be extruded are supported on the opposite crossbeam, while the press stamp for extruding the ingot is moved by the piston together with the moving crossbeam. In the indirect pressurization method, the die stamp is supported on the opposite crossbeam, while the receiving device receives the ingot that is pressed through the closing disc and is moved by the pressurizing piston together with the traveling crossbeam.

Incremental time should be minimized to increase press utilization. Therefore, empty driving and retraction should be as fast as possible. In this case, a large volumetric flow between the cylinder and the oil tank has to be solved at high flow rates. At this time, turbulence may occur and air may enter the oil and foam. This problem is to make the length of the oil pipe as short as possible, to increase the cross-sectional area of the oil pipe and the valve (small Δp), and also to filter the dimensions. It can also solve by making it large. To shorten the length of the oil pipes, place the oil tank, drive and control unit as close to the pressurized cylinder as possible, above the pressurized cylinder if the metal bar extrusion press is laid, which takes up less space. While there is an advantage, it is not always desirable.

Considering the magnitude of the pressing force, it is not necessary to divide it into two or more pressurized pistons and cylinders, and in the case of traditional frame constructions, impart a piston rod to the pressurized piston in place of the tension anchor (column) and reverse it. By linking with the beam, the structural waste of the traditional structure is reduced in metal bar extrusion presses suitable for direct and indirect pressurization. This eliminates the need for special driving crossbeams and thereby reduces the length of the press (Hrnraulische Pressen und Druckflusigkeitsanlagen, Ernst Muller, Vol. 3, Figs. 83 and 84). , Pp. 93-95, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Gottingen / Heidelberg, DE-PS 510 895. However, this "frameless" press type was not widely used.

EP 0 822 017 B1 discloses a "frameless" metal bar extrusion press, in which two or more pressurized pistons are given the same diameter piston rod through both sides of the cylinder and both piston rods By sealing against each other, a cylinder subspace of the same working area is created on both sides, and these spaces are connected to each other through a closing shorting pipe for a work stroke by an openable check valve, thereby solving a large volume flow problem. The press is equipped with a special piston-cylinder unit for quick return stroke and fast forward. Short-circuit pipes connecting the cylinder subspaces on both sides of the pressurized piston allow the oil to quickly pass from one cylinder subspace to the other, with low flow resistance. The dimensions of the short-circuit pipe and the retractable check valve arranged therein can be observed without difficulty. The flow rate should not exceed 8 m / sec for short pipes and 12 m / sec for check valves.

The disadvantage of the "frameless" metal bar extrusion press according to the prior art is that the opposite crossbeam is fixed in one place and the heavy cylinder crossbeam is movably installed so that the mass to be moved is larger and the pressure fluid is applied to the cylinder with the pressure piston. The supply must be done via a piston rod, in the case of a relatively older prior art via a piston rod under pressure.

According to EP 0 822 017 B1 there are three sealing and guiding parts respectively in the pressurized piston with the piston rod closed against the cylinder, which penetrates the cylinder on both sides. Cylindrical crossbeams and opposite crossbeams can be formed relatively rigidly against warpage, but they cannot be completely ruled out by bending forces, and such warpage may be applied to piston rods that replace tension anchors in frameless metal bar extrusion presses. There is another disadvantage of being delivered which results in high transverse forces at the closure and guide sites.

On the basis of the "frameless" metal bar extrusion press of the structure described in detail in the upper concept of patent claim 1, the object of the present invention is to make the construction and arrangement of the components structurally simple and consistent with the functions and requirements. There is. To this end, the present invention proposes a combination of features that make up the features of claims 1 or 2, which are common in that a filling (claim 1) or a resiliently supported separating piston (claim 2) is connected to the pressurized piston. The impartation creates a reservoir space in the cylinder subspace opposite the working surface of the pressure piston for the oil to be pushed out during the return stroke by the pressure piston, and a filler connected to the pressure piston, between the pressure piston and the cylinder closure (claim 1). ) Is given at least one radial clearance that compensates for the angular deviation between the cylinder axis and the pressure piston axis. In addition, the cylinder crossbeam, which serves as a support for the fixed pressing tool, is fixedly disposed so that the influence of elastic deformation of the parts including the pressure fluid supply pipe is minimized when the working load is applied.

The radial clearance provided between the pressurizing piston, the filling, the cylinder and the cylinder closure in accordance with the invention is in the filling through the lid closing the cylinder and in the packing between the lid and the filling, for example the ball of the filling and the pressing piston. And socket joints or by allowing the packing to move in a limited radial direction on the lid.

An advantageous solution with regard to the length of the metal bar extrusion press is to place a telescopic tube between the pressurizing piston and the cylinder closing lid as a filling, with the end connected to them, the average outer diameter of which matches the diameter of the piston rod of the pressurizing piston. To do that. According to another feature of the invention, the first, inside telescopic knot is made by a pin which extends the pressure piston and the piston rod, and according to another feature of the invention, the last, outer telescopic knot is a cylinder It consists of a piece of tubing that fits into the closure lid, and the cylinder closure lid is formed into a cap, with the tube piece and the concave portion of the cap all together to have a depth consistent with the insertion depth of the second telescopic segment at the end. It is especially advantageous in structure.

1 is a side view partially cut at a right angle with respect to the principal axis "x-x" of a metal bar extrusion press as a first embodiment,

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line II-II written in FIG. 1 in the transverse direction with respect to the principal axis "x-x" as the first embodiment;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line III-III as above;

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line IV-IV as described above;

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line V-V as described above;

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line VI-VI as described above;

FIG. 7 shows a portion “A” of FIG. 1 as a variant of the first embodiment, FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a portion “A” of FIG. 1 as another variant of the first embodiment, FIG.

9 is an enlarged view of a portion "A" of FIG. 1 as a particularly advantageous variant of the first embodiment, FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a portion corresponding to a portion “A” of FIG. 1 as a second embodiment;

The drawings show embodiments of the invention.

The metal bar extrusion press of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 consists of a cylinder crossbeam 1 and a base frame 2 rigidly connected to it, and an ingot receiving device on the top of the base frame 2. 4) and a guide torus 3 for guiding the travel / opposite crossbeam 5 is provided. For this purpose, the adjusting device 6 is connected to the ingot receiving device 4 and the traveling crossbeam 5, which is placed on the sliding plate 7 and in contact with the sliding plate 8. 9) The adjusting device 6 allows the ingot receiving device 4 and the traveling crossbeam 5 to be aligned on the main axis "x-x" of the press.

The cylinder crossbeam 1 is provided with a tool guide device 10 for receiving a replaceable tool 11. The tool support plate 12 is provided with a hole 13, and the cylinder crossbeam 1 is provided with a passage opening 14 through which the extrudate formed by the tool 11 is discharged. The cylinder crossbeam 1 is provided with a shaft 15 which can be rotated via the lever 16 by a piston-cylinder unit 17, which is a shear knife which can rotate along the front of the tool 11. Support 18, the shear knife 18 allows cutting of the extrudate from the extrusion residue and the tool at the end of the extrusion process. Furthermore, the cylinder crossbeam 1 contains piston-cylinder units 19, whose piston rods 20 move the ingot receiving device 4 and fit it to the tool 11.

The ingot loader 21 is rigidly connected to the base frame 2 or in such a manner that it can be moved in parallel with the main axis xx together with the ingot receiving device 4 therein. If the distance between the receiving device 4 and the traveling crossbeam 5 is sufficient, or with such assistance, the piston-cylinder unit 22 can be rotated about the axis 23. The traveling crossbeam 5 is endowed with a support arm 26 which can be rotated about the axis 25 by the piston-cylinder unit 24, which pivots out to introduce the ingot to the main axis xx. In this way, the hole 27 is made empty in the traveling crossbeam 5, and the ingot introduced into the main axis xx by the ingot loader 21 passes through the hole 27 and the piston-cylinder unit 29 It can be pushed into the hole of the ingot receiving device 4 with the help of the piston rod 28 of. After the ingot is pushed in, the piston rod 28 retracts, the ingot loader 21 pivots out while overlapping in time, and in the case of the direct press method, the support arm 26, to which the press stamp 30 is attached, is the main shaft. Turn in line xx. With the shear knife 18 pivoting out, the receiver holder 4 is brought into close contact with the tool 11 towards the tool 11 through the operation of the piston-cylinder unit 19 with the receiver.

The pressing of the ingot is performed by operating the pressure piston 31 in the cylinder 32 supported by the cylinder crossbeam 1. For this purpose, the piston rod 33 of the pressure piston 31 is driven by the traveling crossbeam ( It touches the inside of 5) and is connected with this. The piston 31, including the piston rod 33, is formed into a hollow body over a part of the length thereof, and has a cylinder hole 34, into which a plunger piston 35 enters, which closes the cylinder 32. Supported by a lid 36. The operation of the plunger piston 35 takes place via a hole 37 through the plunger piston 35, together with the pressurizing piston 31, and together with the traveling crossbeam 5 through the piston rod 33. Return to this starting position. Through the piston-cylinder unit 19 the receptacle holder 4 falls out of the tool 11 and the extruded residue is exposed, which is then turned into the tool 11 and the tool 11 through the pivoting of the shear knife 18. Cut from the extrudate end. Overlap with this the support arm 26 pivots out with the pressure stamp 30 and the ingot loader 21 with the next ingot filled turns inward. The foundation frame 2 is supported by a piston-cylinder unit 39 via a bridge 38, the piston of which can be actuated to allow the traveling crossbeam 5 to move in idle / fast travel. have.

In order to minimize waste time in the operation of the metal bar extrusion press, it is necessary to proceed with the return stroke and empty stroke of the press as quickly as possible and to deal with the large volume flow generated. This is realized by making almost the same stroke volume on both sides of the center pressurizing piston inside the cylinder and connecting the cylinder subspaces 32H and 32R on both sides so as to be opened and closed. To this end, a filling is given to the empty cylinder subspace 32R opposite the working surface of the pressurizing piston, which fills the empty cylinder subspace 32R with an action of approximately the same size as the working surface of the pressing piston 31. To the face, the pressure piston 31 is provided with a plurality of through holes 41, through which the cylinder subspaces 32H and 32R on both sides of the pressure piston 31 pass through. (41) They are connected to each other by an openable check valve 42 (bidirectional built-in valve according to DIN 24342. Also known as a logic valve or cartridge valve).

In another embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, the filling is formed by a telescopic tube 40 consisting of a plurality of telescopic knuckles 40/1, 40/2, 40/3, 40/4, the first of which is the first. The telescopic knuckle 40/1 is connected with a central pressurized piston 31 with a piston rod 33, and the last telescopic knuckle 40/4 has a lid 32 which closes the cylinder 32; It is connected. Here the average diameter of the telescopic knuckles 40/1, 40/2, 40/3, 40/4 coincides with the diameter of the piston rod 33. The connection between the telescopic knuckles 40/1, 40/2, 40/3, 40/4 allows the central axes to show slight angular deviations, in this way the pressure piston 31 and the cylinder closure ( A radial clearance is provided between 36, through which the angular deviation between the axis of the cylinder 32 and the axis of the pressure piston 31 can be corrected. 43a is a pressure fluid pipe for operating the pressure piston 31 inside the cylinder 32 for the working stroke of the press, and 43b is for operating the plunger piston 35 inside the cylinder hole 34 for the return stroke of the press. The pressure fluid pipe, 44 denotes a discharge pipe for extracting the leak pressure fluid from the telescopic tube 40, and 45 denotes a pipe for correcting the pressure fluid volume difference between the cylinder subspaces 32H and 32R. Here, the oil pushed out of the cylinder subspace 32R during the pressurization stroke is discharged to the oil tank through the pressure fluid correction pipe 45.

In a variant of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6, shown in FIG. 7, a cylinder 46 enters the cylinder crossbeam 1, and the cylinder 46 is provided with a pressure piston 47, Its piston rod 48 is connected to the opposite crossbeam 5. The filling 49 is connected to the pressure piston 47 via a ball and socket joint 40. This filling 49, having the same outer diameter as the piston rod 48, penetrates the lid 52 endowed with the packing ring 51, which closes the cylinder 46. A radial clearance is given through the ball and socket joint 50, through which the angular deviation between the cylinder axis and the pressure piston axis is corrected.

In a further variant, shown in FIG. 8, a cylinder 53 enters the cylinder crossbeam 1, which is provided with a pressurized piston 54, the piston rod 55 of which is opposite. It is connected with the crossbeam 5. The pressurizing piston 54 is provided with a threaded pin 56, on which a filling 57 having the same outer diameter as the piston rod 55 is placed. Fill 57 passes through lid 58 that closes cylinder 53. A packing ring 59 is placed over the filling 57 to seal against the cylinder 53, which is endowed with radial play against the lid 58 and has a flange 60. Through this flange 60 the packing ring 59 between the lid 58 and the cap ring 61 is held axially and sealed.

A particularly advantageous variant in construction is shown in FIG. 9, which shows the cylinder 62 entering the cylinder crossbeam 1. The cylinder 62 receives a pressurized piston 64 connected to the piston rod 63 and is closed by a lid 65 to which a cap 66 is attached. The outer telescopic segment 67/1 of the telescopic tube 67 is encased in the lid 65 and supported by the cap 66. Telescopic tube 67 has two more telescopic segments 67/2, 67/3, the last telescopic segment being axially displaced on pin 68 of piston rod 63. Fin 68 forms a filling with telescopic knuckles 67/1, 67/2, 67/3 that pressurizes cylinder subspace 62R behind the working surface of pressurizing piston 64. It limits to the working surface which matches the working surface of the piston 64. The pressure piston 64 is provided with a plurality of through holes 69, which are arranged with an adjustable check valve 70 which connects the cylinder subspaces 62H and 62R in the open state. This allows the pressure fluid volumes on both sides to be exchanged quickly as the press proceeds quickly or returns. On the other hand, in the pressurizing stroke, the check valve 70 is closed. The control of the check valve 70 is carried out via the pilot valve 71, which is connected to the piston rod 63 and the piston via the control tube 72 in the adjustment position shown in FIG. 9. Valve tappet 76 of check valve 70 by actuating sword pipe 73 entering hole 74 in pin 68 of the valve and through stub tube 75. Is activated and held in the closed position. The operation of the check valve 70 takes place via a pipe 72a through which the pilot valve 71 is connected to an oil supply which is made separately from the control oil circulation. When switching the pilot valve 71, the control tube 72, the gum pipe 73, the stub tube 75 and the valve tappet 76 can be adjusted to open the closing valve 70 in both flow directions. have. The cylinder subspace 62R is connected to the correction container 77a to correct a slight volume difference between the cylinder subspaces 62H and 62R. A ventilator 78 and a leak oil closing device 79 are provided in the inner space of the telescopic tube 67. The actuation of the pressurizing piston 64 for the pressurizing stroke takes place via the pump 80 and the stub tube 81 inside the cylinder 64. Oil in the cylinder space 62R flows into the tank via the control block 77. In this embodiment, the gum pipe 73 is provided only as part of the control tube for shutoff control of the check valve 70, and the return stroke is made through dual acting piston-cylinder units, which piston-cylinder unit Are arranged correspondingly to the piston-cylinder units in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 shows a part of the second embodiment, the remaining part of which is consistent with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. 10 shows a cylinder 82 entering a cylinder crossbeam 1, which receives a pressurized piston 84 with a piston rod 83. The closing of the cylinder 82 is made by the lid 85, which is supported by a gum pipe or a plunger piston 86. The gum pipe or plunger piston 86 enters the hole 87 in a closed state. Inside the cylinder 82 and on the gumming pipe or plunger piston 86 there is a separating piston 88 which is sealed inward and outward, which pressurizes the piston at regular intervals while receiving gas pressure through the connecting pipe 89. (84) Follow. This spacing coincides with the oil volume, which is within the pressurizing piston 84 during the return stroke or rapid forward stroke of the pressurizing piston 84 between the cylinder subspace 82H and the cylinder subspace 82R. It is replaced through a through hole 90 with an openable check valve 91. Here, the separation piston 88 has a pressurized piston ring area on the center side and the rear side (the ring area at the center side = cylinder subspace 82H, the rear side = cylinder subspace 82R) as compared to the stroke of the pressurized piston 84. The stroke is inversely proportional to the ring area). The oil pushed out of the cylinder subspace 82R in the pressurizing stroke is discharged to the oil tank through the gum pipe 92 and the pipe 93 provided with the pressure limiting valve.

According to the present invention, when the metal bar extrusion press is configured as described above, it is possible to achieve a configuration and arrangement of components that are structurally simple and meet functions and requirements.

Claims (12)

The pressurized pistons 31; 47; 54; 64 guided inside the cylinders 32; 46; 53; 62 of the cylinder crossbeam 1 pass through the piston rods 33; 48; 55; 63. 5), the actuating pistons 31; 47; 54; 64 are actuated to allow the cylinder crossbeam 1 and the opposing crossbeam 5 to move relative to each other for pressurizing operation, thereby allowing the cylinder crossbeam on one side. (1), on the other hand, tools 11 and 30 supported by the opposing crossbeam 5 (die and press stamps with ingot receivers for direct press, die stamps for indirect press , An ingot receiver with a closure, can thus move relative, in which case the cylinder subspaces 32H, 32R; 62H, 62R isolated from each other by the pressure pistons 31; 47; 54; 64 It can be connected to each other by valves 42 and 70 that are opened during the return stroke, and are specially designed for rapid return stroke and advancement. In the multi-cylinder metal bar extrusion press that the cylinder unit is provided, - ton The cylinder crossbeam 1 is fixedly immovably and serves as a support for the fixed pressure tool 11 (die for direct press, die stamp for indirect press), and supports the cylinder of the cylinder crossbeam 1 The pressurizing pistons 31; 47; 54; 64 installed inside the (32; 46; 53; 62), on the opposite side of the working surface, press the empty cylinder spaces 32R, 62R to the pressurizing pistons 31; 47; 54. Connecting the distance between the pressure piston (31; 47; 54; 64) and the cylinder closure (36; 52; 58; 65) (lid or ring lid), limiting to the working surface corresponding to the working surface of 64; Connected to the fillings 40; 49; 57; 67, characterized in that the fillings 40; 49; 57; 67 are endowed with a radial clearance that compensates for the angular deviation between the at least one cylinder axis and the pressure piston axis. Multi-cylinder metal bar extrusion press. The pressurized piston 84 guided inside the cylinder 82 of the cylinder crossbeam 1 is connected to the opposite crossbeam 5 through the piston rod 83, and the pressurized piston 84 is operated to operate the cylinder crossbeam ( 1) and the opposite crossbeam 5 can move relative to each other for pressurization, thereby allowing the tools 11, 30 to be supported by the cylinder crossbeam 1 on one side and the opposite crossbeam 5 on the other side. (Die and pressurized stamps with ingot receivers in case of direct pressurization, die stamps and ingot receivers with closures in case of indirect pressurization can be so relative, whereby pressurizing piston 84 The cylinder subspaces 84H and 84R, which are isolated from each other, can be connected to each other by a valve 91 which opens during the return stroke of the press, and the multi-cylinder metal bar pressure is provided with a special piston-cylinder unit for rapid return stroke and advancement. In the press, The cylinder crossbeam 1 is fixedly immovably and serves as a support for the fixed press tool 11 (die for direct press, die stamp for indirect press), and pressurized piston inside the cylinder 82. On the opposite side of the working surface of 84 there is arranged a separating piston 88 which, upon its return stroke, receives the pressure piston 84 which is subjected to gas / spring pressure, which is between itself and the pressure piston 84. 84. A multi-cylinder metal bar extrusion press comprising a reservoir 82R for receiving oil pushed by 84). 2. The telescope tube according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic tube (40; 67), which is connected between the pressurizing piston (31; 64) and the cylinder closing cap (36; 65), is connected to the end thereof, and the telescopic tube Multi-cylinder press, characterized in that the average outer diameter of coincides with the diameter of the piston rod (33; 63) of the pressure piston (31; 64). 4. The multicylinder press according to claim 3, wherein the first, internal telescopic knuckle is made by a pin (68) extending the piston (64) and the piston rod (63). 5. The terminal closure cap 65 of claim 3 or 4, wherein the outer, telescopic knuckle 67/1 is made by a piece of tubing that fits into the cylinder closure lid, and the cylinder closure lid 65 is cap 66. Wherein the concave portions of the tubular piece (67/1) and the cap (66) all show a depth consistent with the insertion depth of the second telescopic segment (67/2) at the end. Cylinder press. 6. Multi-cylinder press according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a discharge pipe (44; 79) leading to an oil collection container is provided in the interior space of the telescopic pipe (40; 67). The pressurized piston (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a lid (36) for closing the cylinder (31) supports a plunger piston (35) disposed in the center thereof and includes a piston rod (33). 31) A cylinder cylinder (34) is provided, characterized in that the plunger piston (35) enters the cylinder hole (34) and can be operated for the return stroke of the press. 8. Multi-cylinder press according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of pressure fluid for the operation of the plunger piston (35) is made by a hole (37) penetrating the plunger piston (35) longitudinally. The pressurized piston 64 according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a lid for closing the cylinder (62) supports the gum pipe (73) disposed in the center thereof and includes a piston rod (63). A cylinder cylinder (74) is provided, characterized in that the gum pipe (73) serving as a control tube for controlling the open / close check valve (70) enters the cylinder hole (74) to be sealed. 2. The packing (49) of claim 1 wherein the filler (49) passes through a lid (52) closing the cylinder (46), and a packing (51) is provided between the lid (52) and the filler (49), and the filler (49) is provided. Multi-cylinder press, characterized in that connected to the piston 47 through the ball and socket joint (50). 2. The packing (57) of claim 1 wherein the filler (57) passes through a lid (58) closing the cylinder (53), and a packing (59) is provided between the lid (58) and the filler (57), and the packing (59) is Multi-cylinder press, characterized in that the lid 58 is limited to move radially. The outer ring space (32R; 62R) surrounding the filling (40; 67) is connected to the oil collection container through the correction pipe (45; 77). Multi-cylinder press.