KR20010016951A - Noise Reduction Method of Fan - Google Patents

Noise Reduction Method of Fan Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010016951A
KR20010016951A KR1019990032192A KR19990032192A KR20010016951A KR 20010016951 A KR20010016951 A KR 20010016951A KR 1019990032192 A KR1019990032192 A KR 1019990032192A KR 19990032192 A KR19990032192 A KR 19990032192A KR 20010016951 A KR20010016951 A KR 20010016951A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
fan
wings
convex
fan blade
sound signals
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KR1019990032192A
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Korean (ko)
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박승철
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박승철
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Priority to KR1019990032192A priority Critical patent/KR20010016951A/en
Publication of KR20010016951A publication Critical patent/KR20010016951A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/666Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/667Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by influencing the flow pattern, e.g. suppression of turbulence

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A fan with reduced noise is provided to reduce noise by phase-interference between sound signals generated by convex cells respectively formed on a top surface on wings of the fan, and reduce fluid loss by decreasing or removing vortex flow strength behind the wings by preventing the separation phenomenon or moving the separation point in the fluid flowing direction. CONSTITUTION: A fan with reduced noise includes wings(1) formed with at least more than two convex cells(8) formed on a top surface(2), wherein the convex cells are formed in various shapes such as circle, oval, and polygon. As fluid passes by the wings toward the wings, pressure fields are changed on the surface of the wings and such pressure inclinations produce sound signals having different shapes depending on sectional shapes of the convex cells. Due to the phase differences of the signals, the sound signals are offset each other and become a synthetic sound signal having reduced size.

Description

팬의 소음저감 방법{Noise Reduction Method of Fan}Noise Reduction Method of Fan

본 발명은 유체를 이동시키는 팬의 소음저감을 위한 팬날개 형상에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 팬날개가 유체를 지나면서 발생시키는 유체음압의 크기를 줄이기 위한 방법으로서 한개의 팬날개 내에서 여러개의 서로다른 위상을 갖는 음파를 만들도록하고 그 각각의 음신호가 상호 위상차에 의한 감쇄효과가 발생하도록 하는것을 특징으로 하는 팬의 소음저감 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a fan blade shape for reducing the noise of a fan for moving a fluid, and more particularly, a method for reducing the magnitude of a sound pressure generated by a fan blade passing through a fluid. The present invention relates to a method for reducing noise of a fan, characterized by producing sound waves having different phases and causing each of the sound signals to have attenuation effects due to mutual phase differences.

일반적으로 팬은 날개표면을 매끄럽게 설계하여 날개표면과 후류의 유동장이 난류가 되는것을 방지하도록 설계하고 있으며, 소음저감 방법으로는 도 5에서와 같이 팬날개를 회전방향 또는 반대방향으로 곡선지게 설계하여 팬날개 표면에서 발생되는 음신호의 위상차이를 이용하여 소음저감을 할 수 있다. 상기 팬날개에서 만들어지는 음신호는 팬날개 표면에 형성되는 압력분포의 기울기에 의해서 형상과 크기가 결정되어지는데 시위방향으로 매끄러운 종래팬들은 그 압력기울기가 작아서 도 4의 그림에서와 같이 한 시위방향에 한개의 위상을 갖는 음신호를 발생하게 된다. 그러므로 팬날개가 곡선지게 설계된 팬에서의 위상간섭은 팬반경방향에 따라서 발생된 음신호간의 위상간섭에 의한 소음저감효과만을 기대할 수 있다. 그러나 팬 반경방향 각요소에서 발생된 이웃한 음신호의 위상은 상호 상쇄될 만큼 위상차가 크지않기 때문에 반경방향거리가 큰 날개 요소간의 음신호간에 간섭효과를 기대할 수 있다. 그러나 이 조건에서도 상호 두 음신호는 그 크기 차이가 크기 때문에 역시 상쇄효과가 크지 않게된다. 그러므로 팬반경방향으로 곡률이 있는 저소음팬은 그 곡률이 아주 클때만 작은양의 소음저감 효과를 볼 수 있다. 뿐만아니라 반경방향으로 곡률이 큰 팬은 구조적 강도가 약해지므로 강도문제, 진동문제, 그리고 회전운동시 유체역학적 작용에의한 변형문제등을 수반하게 되고 제작성도 어려워 값비싼 팬을 사용하는 곳에만 적용 할 수 있는 문제점이 있다.In general, the fan is designed to smooth the wing surface to prevent the turbulent flow between the wing surface and the wake flow, and in the noise reduction method as shown in Figure 5 by designing the fan blade curved in the rotational direction or the opposite direction Noise can be reduced by using the phase difference of the sound signal generated from the fan blade surface. The sound signal produced by the fan blade is determined in shape and size by the inclination of the pressure distribution formed on the surface of the fan blade. The conventional fan smooth in the demonstration direction has a small pressure gradient so that the demonstration direction is as shown in FIG. Generates a sound signal with one phase at. Therefore, the phase interference in the fan with curved fan blades can expect only the noise reduction effect due to the phase interference between sound signals generated along the fan radius direction. However, since the phase difference of neighboring sound signals generated in each fan radial element is not large enough to cancel each other, interference effects can be expected between sound signals between wing elements having a large radial distance. However, even under this condition, the two sound signals have a large difference in size, and therefore, the cancellation effect is not large. Therefore, a low noise fan with curvature in the radial direction of the fan can only see a small amount of noise reduction when its curvature is very large. In addition, a fan with a large curvature in the radial direction weakens its structural strength, so it is accompanied by strength problems, vibration problems, and deformation problems due to hydrodynamic effects during rotational movement. There is a problem that can be.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위해 팬날개가 유체를 지나면서 발생시키는 유체음압의 크기를 줄이기 위한 방법으로서 한개의 팬날개 내에서 여러개의 서로다른 위상을 갖는 음파를 만들도록하고 그 각각의 음신호가 상호 위상차에 의한 감쇄효과가 발생하도록 하여 팬의 소음저감을 할 수 있는 방법을 제공하는데 본 발명의 목적이 있는 것이다.The present invention is to solve the above problems as a method for reducing the magnitude of the sound pressure generated by the fan blades passing through the fluid to create a sound wave having a plurality of different phases in one fan blade It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing the noise of a fan by causing a sound signal to attenuate by mutual phase difference.

이와같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 회전운동을 하면서 유체를 이동시키는 팬에 있어서, 팬날개의 표면에 한개 이상의 볼록한 형상을 갖게하여 각각의 볼록한 형상이 개별적인 음신호를 발생토록하고 그 볼록한 형상이 위치한 회전방향 위치에 따라서 서로 발생되는 음신호의 위상각이 다르게 된다. 이처럼 하나의 팬날개에서 만들어진 위상이 서로 다른 여러개의 음신호는 위상간섭에 의해서 상호 상쇄작용이 발생토록 하여 팬날개의 소음저감을 이룰 수 있는 특징이 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fan for moving a fluid while rotating, and has one or more convex shapes on the surface of the fan blade so that each convex shape generates a separate sound signal and the convex shape. The phase angles of the sound signals generated from each other are different depending on the position of the rotation direction. As described above, the sound signals produced by one fan blade having different phases have a characteristic of mutually canceling by phase interference to achieve noise reduction of the fan blades.

도 1은 두개 이상의 볼록한 형상이 있는 팬날개 표면을 나타낸 샤시도1 is a chassis diagram showing the surface of a fan blade having two or more convex shapes

도 2는 시위방향 소음신호간의 위상간섭에 의한 소음저감을 나타내는 설명도2 is an explanatory diagram showing noise reduction due to phase interference between the demonstration signal noise signals

도 3은 반경방향 소음신호간의 위상간섭에 의한 소음저감을 나타내는 설명도3 is an explanatory diagram showing noise reduction due to phase interference between radial noise signals

도 4는 일반 팬날개와 볼록셀이 있는 팬날개의 유동장 차이를 나타내는Figure 4 shows the flow field difference between a fan blade and a fan blade with a convex cell

도 5는 위상간섭에 의한 소음저감 방법의 일반기술을 나타내는 설명도5 is an explanatory diagram showing a general technique of a noise reduction method by phase interference

도 6은 본 발명에 사용되는 볼록한 형상 및 단면도6 is a convex shape and cross-sectional view used in the present invention.

〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1 : 팬날개 2 : 팬날개 윗면1: Fan wing 2: Fan wing top

3 : 팬날개 아랫면 4 : 팬날개 앞전3: Fan wing bottom 4: Fan wing front

5 : 팬날개 뒷전 6 : 팬날개 끝단5: Before the fan wing 6: End of the fan wing

7 : 유체흐름 방향 8 : 볼록셀7: fluid flow direction 8: convex cell

9 : 팬날개 회전방향 10 : 팬날개 반경방향9: Fan blade rotation direction 10: Fan blade radial direction

11, 14, 17 : 제 1 음신호 12, 15, 18 : 제 2 음신호11, 14, 17: first sound signal 12, 15, 18: second sound signal

13, 16, 19 : 합성 음신호13, 16, 19: synthesized sound signal

이하 첨부된 도면에 의해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, described in detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

도 1은 팬날개 윗면(2)과 팬날개 아랫면(3), 팬날개 앞전(4)과 팬날개뒷전(5) 그리고 팬날개 끝단(6)으로 구성된 팬날개(1)에 대하여 날개 윗면(2)에 두개 이상의 볼록셀(8)형상을 갖게하는 팬날개의 샤시도이다. 팬날개가 유체를 지나면 유체흐름방향(7)은 팬날개(1)를 향해 움직이는것과 같으며, 이때 팬날개(1) 표면에 압력장의 변화가 생기게 되고 그 압력 기울기가 음신호를 만들게 된다. 상기 음신호는 팬날개의 단면형상(에어포일)에 따라서 음신호의 형상이 다르게 되며, 특히 팬날개가 위치한 팬날개회전방향(9) 각도와 회전속도에 따라서 그 음신호의 위상이 결정되어진다. 도 2는 팬날개(1)에 여러개의 볼록셀(8)이 있는 경우의 팬 평면도이며, 하나의 볼록셀은 볼록셀주변에 별도의 압력장이 형성 되므로 개별적인 음신호를 발생하게 된다. 팬날개 반경방향(10)으로 동일반경에 위치하면서 회전방향(9)으로 각도가 서로 다른 볼록셀은 위상이 서로 다른 음신호를 만들게 된다. 도 2는 동일 반경에 위치한 동일형상의 볼록셀(8)의 경우에 위상이 다르고 같은형상 같은크기의 음신호가 만들어지는 예를 나타내고 있다. 회전방향(9)으로 각도가 다른 두 개의 볼록셀에서 만든 음신호를 각각 제 1 음신호(11)와 제 2 음신호(12)라 하면 그 위상차이 때문에 제 1 음신호(11)의 (-)음신호와 제 2 음신호의 (+)음신호와 상쇄되어 합성된 음신호(13)의 크기는 감소되어 진다. 이와같이 한개의 팬날개에 회전방향(9)으로 위치한 여러개의 볼록셀(8)에서 만든 음신호는 상호 상쇄작용으로 인해서 한개의 팬날개에서 만들어지는 합성음신호의 크기는 매우 작아지게 된다. 또한 도 3에서와 같이 회전방향(9)으로 동일한 위상에 놓이고 볼록셀(8)의 형상이 다르면 음신호의 위상은 같고 형상이 다른 음신호가 발생되며 반경이 먼 볼록셀에서 발생된 제 1 음신호(14)와 반경방향 안쪽 볼록셀에서 발생된 제 2 음신호(15)는 그 위상은 같지만 형상이 다르게 되어 두 신호간의 (+)음신호와 (-)음신호의 위상간섭에 의한 상쇄현상이 발생하게 되며 합성된 음신호(16)의 크기는 감소되어 진다.1 is a top surface (2) for the fan blade (1) consisting of the fan blade upper surface (2) and the fan blade lower surface (3), the fan blade front (4) and the fan blade back front (5) and the fan blade end (6). ) Is a chassis view of a fan blade having two or more convex cells 8 shapes. When the fan blades pass through the fluid, the fluid flow direction (7) is like moving toward the fan blades (1), where a change in the pressure field occurs on the surface of the fan blades (1) and the pressure gradient creates a negative signal. The sound signal has a different shape according to the cross section (air foil) of the fan blade. In particular, the phase of the sound signal is determined according to the angle and rotation speed of the fan blade rotation direction 9 in which the fan blade is located. . 2 is a plan view of the fan when there are several convex cells 8 in the fan blade 1, and one convex cell generates a separate sound signal because a separate pressure field is formed around the convex cell. Convex cells that are positioned at the same radius in the fan blade radial direction 10 and whose angles are different in the rotation direction 9 produce different sound signals with different phases. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the same shape convex cells 8 located at the same radius have different phases and have the same shape and the same size. If the sound signals made from the two convex cells having different angles in the rotation direction 9 are called the first sound signal 11 and the second sound signal 12, respectively, the (-) ) The magnitude of the sound signal 13 synthesized by canceling the (+) sound signal of the sound signal and the second sound signal is reduced. As such, the sound signals made in the plurality of convex cells 8 located in the rotational direction 9 on one fan blade are mutually canceled, and thus the size of the synthesized sound signals made in one fan blade becomes very small. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, if the convex cell 8 is placed in the same phase and the shapes of the convex cells 8 are different, the sound signals having the same phase and different shape are generated, and the first ones are generated from convex cells with a long radius. The sound signal 14 and the second sound signal 15 generated in the radially inner convex cell have the same phase but are different in shape, and are canceled by the phase interference of the (+) sound signal and the (-) sound signal between the two signals. The phenomenon occurs and the size of the synthesized sound signal 16 is reduced.

볼록셀은 도 6과 같이 날개의 표면에 부착 혹은 일체로 되며, 볼록셀의 형상과 정면도는 표 1과 같다.The convex cell is attached to or integral with the surface of the wing as shown in Figure 6, the shape and front view of the convex cell is shown in Table 1.

볼록셀이 없는 일반 팬날개 주변의 유동장은 도 4의 (가)에서와 같이 팬날개 윗면에서 박리현상이 발생되고 팬날개 뒷전부근의 후류는 와류가 발생하게 되므로 유체역학적 손실이 있게 된다. 그러나 볼록셀(8)이 있는 팬날개 단면의 경우는 도 4의 (나)에서와 같이 날개윗면에서 박리점이 없어지게 되거나 유체흐름방향의 뒷쪽으로 이동하게되어 유체손실이 적어진다. 이러한 이유는 날개표면에서의 박리점 위치는 층류가 충분히 활성화 되어지는 특성길이 조건에서 박리가 일어나게 되는데 그 특성길이가 형성되기 전에 볼록셀을 만나서 박리가 발생되지 못하고 첫번째 볼록셀을 지나서도 불연속적인 면을 만나므로 박리현상을 지연시키게 된다. 이와같은 원리는 골프공 형상에서도 입증되고 있다. 표면이 깨끗한 공보다 골프공처럼 표면이 올록볼록하면 유체역학적 손실이 작으므로 유체역학적 저항이 적어지게되어 골프공은 동일에너지를 받고도 표면이 매끄러운 공보다 더욱 멀리 날아갈 수 있다. 이처럼 날개 위면에서 박리현상이 지연되거나 발생치 않으면 도 4의 (나)에서와 같이 날개 끝전의 후류에서는 와류 발생율이 더욱 작아지게 된다. 와류의 비정상 주기는 소음의 주파수를 결정하고 와류의 강도는 소음의 크기를 결정하게 되므로 와류발생이 작아지면 소음저감이 발생되어진다.In the flow field around the fan blade without the convex cell, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, peeling phenomenon occurs on the upper surface of the fan blade, and the wake behind the fan blade is vortexed, resulting in hydrodynamic loss. However, in the case of the fan wing cross section with the convex cell 8, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the peeling point disappears from the upper surface of the blade or moves backward in the fluid flow direction, thereby reducing the fluid loss. For this reason, the peeling point position on the wing surface is peeled off under the characteristic length condition that the laminar flow is sufficiently activated, and the peeling does not occur after meeting the convex cell before the characteristic length is formed, and it is discontinuous even after the first convex cell. Delays the peeling phenomenon because it meets. This principle is also demonstrated in golf ball shape. If the surface is convex, like a golf ball, rather than a clean ball, the hydrodynamic losses are smaller, resulting in less hydrodynamic resistance, allowing the golf ball to fly farther than a smooth ball, even with the same energy. As described above, if the peeling phenomenon is delayed or not generated on the upper surface of the blade, the vortex generation rate becomes smaller in the wake before the blade tip as shown in FIG. The abnormal period of the vortex determines the frequency of the noise and the intensity of the vortex determines the magnitude of the noise.

이상에서 상술한 바와같이 본 발명은, 일반 팬날개의 표면에 두개 이상의 볼록 형상을 갖추게 되면 각각의 볼록셀(8)이 만든 음신호간의 위상간섭에 의한 소음저감효과가 발생한다. 또한 팬날개 주변의 유동장이 난류로 바뀌는 박리현상이 없어지거나 박리점이 유체흐름 방향으로 이동하게 되어 팬날개 뒷전에서의 후류에 와류가 없어지거나 와류강도가 작아지게 되어 소음저감효과는 물론 유체손실이 작아지는 것이다.As described above, according to the present invention, when two or more convex shapes are provided on the surface of a general fan blade, a noise reduction effect due to phase interference between sound signals generated by each convex cell 8 occurs. In addition, the peeling phenomenon that the flow field around the fan blade is changed to turbulent flow is eliminated or the peeling point is moved in the direction of the fluid flow so that the vortex disappears behind the fan blade in front of the fan blade or the vortex strength becomes small, so that the noise loss effect and the fluid loss are small To lose.

Claims (2)

회전운동을 하면서 유체를 이동시키는 팬에 있어서, 상기 팬의 팬윗면에 두개이상의 볼록한 형상이 있는 팬날개In a fan for moving a fluid while rotating, the fan blade having two or more convex shapes on the fan top surface of the fan 제1항에 있어서 볼록한 형상은 원형, 타원형, 사각형(정사각형, 직사각형, 사다리꼴, 마름모), 둥근사각형(정사각형, 직사각형, 사다리꼴, 마름모), 삼각형, 둥근삼각형, 오각형, 둥근오각형의 형상이고, 단면은 원의 일부 형상, 사각형, 사다리꼴, 위쪽 모서리가 둥근 사각형의 형상인 것.The convex shape of claim 1 is a circle, an oval, a rectangle (square, rectangle, trapezoid, rhombus), a round rectangle (square, rectangle, trapezoid, rhombus), a triangle, a round triangle, a pentagon, a round pentagon, and the cross section is Some shape of a circle, rectangle, trapezoid, the shape of the rectangle with rounded upper corner.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020060789A (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-19 이근선 swirler with turbulence generator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020060789A (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-19 이근선 swirler with turbulence generator

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