KR20010008866A - Valve timing adjuster of engine used in vehicle - Google Patents

Valve timing adjuster of engine used in vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010008866A
KR20010008866A KR1019990026903A KR19990026903A KR20010008866A KR 20010008866 A KR20010008866 A KR 20010008866A KR 1019990026903 A KR1019990026903 A KR 1019990026903A KR 19990026903 A KR19990026903 A KR 19990026903A KR 20010008866 A KR20010008866 A KR 20010008866A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
engine
tensioner
timing belt
lead screw
camshaft
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KR1019990026903A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이상준
Original Assignee
정몽규
현대자동차 주식회사
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Application filed by 정몽규, 현대자동차 주식회사 filed Critical 정몽규
Priority to KR1019990026903A priority Critical patent/KR20010008866A/en
Publication of KR20010008866A publication Critical patent/KR20010008866A/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/024—Belt drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/032—Electric motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus is provided to improve combustion efficiency and engine output throughout whole speed range of engine by adjusting valve open/shut-off time in accordance with the rotational speed of engine. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus comprises a timing belt(3) for connecting a crank shaft(2) and a cam shaft(1); at least two tensioners(4) contacting the timing belt; a driving unit for adjusting the length of the timing belt by moving the tensioner in horizontal direction, and thus advancing and retarding the phase of the cam shaft; and a control unit for controlling the driving unit in forward or reverse direction in accordance with the rotational speed of an engine. The driving unit includes a transportation member(5) for supporting the tensioner and which has a nut(5a) for coupling of a lead screw(6) and moves the tensioner by moving in horizontal direction in accordance with the rotation of a motor(7); the lead screw coupled to the transportation member; and the motor for rotating the lead screw.

Description

자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치{Valve timing adjuster of engine used in vehicle}Valve timing adjuster of engine used in vehicle

본 발명은 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 엔진의 회전 속도에 따라 밸브 개폐시기를 조정하여 저속과 고속에서 모두 연소 효율을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하는데 적합한 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a valve opening and closing time adjustment device of an automobile engine, in particular, by adjusting the valve opening and closing time according to the rotational speed of the engine to improve the combustion efficiency at both low and high speed valve opening and closing device of the automotive engine It is about.

자동차 엔진은 흡, 배기 밸브를 통하여 연소실 내부로 혼합기를 흡입하고, 그 혼합기의 폭발에 의해 동력을 얻어 구동된다.The automobile engine sucks the mixer into the combustion chamber through the intake and exhaust valves, and is driven by the explosion of the mixer.

이러한 자동차 엔진은 흡, 배기 밸브의 정확한 개폐 작동이 요구되어지는 바, 이를 위하여 엔진의 동력 축인 크랭크 샤프트에 연동하는 밸브 개폐기구는 4사이클 엔진의 경우 크랭크 샤프트의 2회전마다 1회전하는 캠 샤프트를 구비하고, 편심 캠의 회전 운동을 흡, 배기 밸브의 왕복 운동으로 변환시켜 흡, 배기 포트를 개폐하면서, 혼합기를 흡입하고 연소 후 배기가스를 배기한다.The automobile engine requires accurate opening and closing operation of the intake and exhaust valves. For this purpose, the valve opening / closing mechanism linked to the crank shaft, which is the power shaft of the engine, has a cam shaft that rotates once every two revolutions of the crank shaft. And the rotational movement of the eccentric cam is converted into the reciprocating motion of the intake and exhaust valves to open and close the intake and exhaust ports while inhaling the mixer and exhausting the exhaust gas after combustion.

첨부한 도 1은 일반적인 자동차 엔진의 흡, 배기 밸브의 개폐 시기를 나타내고 있다.1 shows the opening and closing timings of the intake and exhaust valves of a general automobile engine.

도면에서와 같이 흡기 밸브는 흡기의 관성을 이용하여 가능한 많은 혼합기를 연소실 내부로 흡입하기 위해, 피스톤의 상사점(TDC) 전인 배기 행정이 끝나기 직전에 열리고 피스톤의 하사점(BDC)을 지난 뒤에 닫힌다.As shown in the drawing, the intake valve opens just before the end of the exhaust stroke, before the top dead center (TDC) of the piston and closes after the bottom dead center (BDC) of the piston, in order to draw as much of the mixer into the combustion chamber as possible using the inertia of the intake. .

또한, 배기 밸브는 폭발 행정이 끝나기 전에 즉, 피스톤의 하사점(BDC) 전에 열려서 연소 가스를 신속히 배출하고, 배기 행정이 끝나고 흡입 행정으로 옮기기 직전, 즉 피스톤의 상사점(TDC) 후까지 열어두어 배기가 완전히 이루어지도록 한다.In addition, the exhaust valve is opened before the end of the explosion stroke, i.e., before the bottom dead center (BDC) of the piston, to expel the combustion gas quickly, and is left open until after the exhaust stroke is completed and transferred to the intake stroke, i.e. after the top dead center (TDC) of the piston. Ensure exhaust is complete.

이 경우에 흡, 배기 밸브의 상사점 또는 하사점 전후의 개폐 각도는 엔진의 설계에 따라 다르므로 정확한 수치의 기재를 생략한다.In this case, since the opening and closing angles before and after the top dead center or the bottom dead center of the intake and exhaust valves vary depending on the design of the engine, the description of the exact numerical values is omitted.

그러나, 일반적인 자동차의 밸브 개폐시기는 엔진의 고속 및 저속 운전 시에 모두 동일하게 적용되므로, 특히 고속 운전시 혼합기의 흡입이 늦고 배기 가스의 배출이 늦어져 오히려 엔진의 연소 효율을 저하시키는 문제점이 있다.However, since the valve opening and closing time of a general vehicle is equally applied to both the high speed and the low speed operation of the engine, there is a problem in that the intake of the mixer is slow and the emission of the exhaust gas is delayed, especially in the high speed operation, thereby lowering the combustion efficiency of the engine. .

이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로서, 종래에는 엔진의 운전 속도에 따라 밸브 개폐시기를 조정하는 방법이 있는데, 이것은 캠 샤프트 풀리 또는 스프로켓과 캠 샤프트를 헤리컬 기어로 치합하고, 풀리 또는 스프로켓의 중간 보스부를 이동시켜 풀리 또는 스프로켓의 위상을 변화시키는 수단을 채용한다.In order to solve this problem, conventionally, there is a method of adjusting the opening and closing time of the valve according to the operating speed of the engine, which engages the cam shaft pulley or sprocket and the cam shaft with helical gear, and the middle boss of the pulley or sprocket. Adopt a means to move and change the phase of the pulley or sprocket.

그러나, 종래 방식에 의하면 캠 샤프트와 풀리 또는 스프로켓에 내, 외륜의 헤리컬 기어를 가공해야 되므로 구조가 복잡하여 실제 차량에 적용하기 어려운 문제점이 있으며, 엔진의 운전 속도에 맞추어 밸브 개폐시기를 정확하게 조정하기 어려운 문제점을 수반한다.However, according to the conventional method, since the helical gear of the inner and outer rings must be processed on the cam shaft and the pulley or the sprocket, there is a problem in that the structure is complicated and it is difficult to apply to the actual vehicle. It involves a problem that is difficult to do.

앞서 설명한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명은 구조가 간단하면서도 엔진의 운전 속도에 맞추어 밸브 개폐시기를 정확하게 조정하여, 엔진의 전 속도 영역에서 연소 효율을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치를 제공함에 그 목적을 두고 있다.In order to solve the problems of the prior art described above, the present invention is simple, but the structure of the automobile engine to improve the combustion efficiency in the full speed range of the engine by accurately adjusting the valve opening and closing time according to the operating speed of the engine The purpose is to provide a valve opening and closing adjustment device.

이에 따라, 본 발명에서는 크랭크 샤프트와 캠 샤프트를 연결하는 타이밍벨트에 텐셔너를 설치하고, 엔진의 고속 및 저속 운전 상태를 감지하는 제어수단를 이용하여, 상기 텐셔너를 이동시키는 구동수단을 정방향 혹은 역방향으로 구동하므로 타이밍 벨트의 길이를 조정하여서 캠 샤프트의 위상을 진각 또는 지각시킬 수 있도록 한다.Accordingly, in the present invention, the tensioner is installed on the timing belt connecting the crankshaft and the camshaft, and the driving means for moving the tensioner is driven in the forward or reverse direction by using the control means for detecting the high speed and the low speed operation state of the engine. Therefore, by adjusting the length of the timing belt, the phase of the camshaft can be advanced or perceived.

여기서, 제어수단은 차속 센서와 타이밍 센서로부터 신호를 받아 엔진의 운전 상태를 감지하는 전자제어유니트(ECU)이다.Here, the control means is an electronic control unit (ECU) for receiving a signal from the vehicle speed sensor and the timing sensor to detect the driving state of the engine.

또한, 구동수단은 상기 전자제어유니트의 신호를 받아 정방향 혹은 역방향으로 회전하는 모터와, 그 모터에 의해 회전하는 리이드 스크류와, 그 리이드 스크류와 결합하는 너트를 포함하고 텐셔너가 설치되는 이송부재로 구성된다.In addition, the driving means comprises a motor which rotates in a forward or reverse direction by receiving the signal of the electronic control unit, a lead screw rotated by the motor, a nut coupled to the lead screw, and a conveying member on which a tensioner is installed. do.

도 1은 일반적인 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐 시기선도1 is a valve opening and closing timing diagram of a typical automobile engine

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치의 개략도2 is a schematic view of the valve opening and closing timing adjustment device according to the present invention

〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1 : 캠 샤프트 2 : 크랭크 샤프트1: camshaft 2: crankshaft

3 : 타이밍 벨트 4 : 텐셔너3: timing belt 4: tensioner

5 : 이송부재 6 : 리이드 스크류5 transfer member 6 lead screw

7 : 모터7: motor

이하, 본 발명에 의한 바람직한 구현예를 첨부도면에 의거하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치를 나타내고 있다.2 shows a valve opening and closing timing adjustment device for an automobile engine according to the present invention.

도면에서와 같이 본 발명은 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐기구를 구성함에 있어서, 엔진의 운전 속도에 맞추어 밸브 개폐시기를 조정하기 위하여 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상을 진각 혹은 지각시키고자 한 것이다.As shown in the drawing, the present invention is intended to advance or retard the phase of the camshaft 1 in order to adjust the opening and closing timing of the valve in accordance with the driving speed of the engine in configuring the valve opening and closing mechanism of the automobile engine.

이를 위하여, 본 발명에서는 엔진의 출력단인 크랭크 샤프트(2)와 캠 샤프트(1)를 타이밍 벨트(3)로 연결하고 그 중간에 텐셔너(4)를 설치하되, 그 텐셔너(4)의 위치를 도면의 좌, 우방향으로 이동시킴으로써, 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이가 변화되게 하고 그 결과로 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상값이 진각 혹은 지각되도록 한다.To this end, in the present invention, while connecting the crankshaft (2) and the camshaft (1), which is the output end of the engine with a timing belt (3) and install a tensioner (4) in the middle, the position of the tensioner (4) By moving in the left and right directions, the length of the timing belt 3 is changed so that the phase value of the camshaft 1 is advanced or perceptual.

여기서, 텐셔너(4)의 좌, 우방향 이동에 따른 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상 진각량 및 지각량 차이를 식으로 표시하면 다음과 같다.Here, the difference between the phase advance and the perception amount of the cam shaft 1 according to the left and right movement of the tensioner 4 is expressed as follows.

먼저, 텐셔너(4)의 이동에 따른 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이 차를 계산하면 다음 수학식 1과 같다.First, calculating the difference in the length of the timing belt 3 according to the movement of the tensioner 4 is as shown in the following equation (1).

ΔL ≒ (L1+L2)-LΔL ≒ (L1 + L2) -L

≒ L1(1-COSθ1)+L2(1-COSθ2)≒ L1 (1-COSθ 1 ) + L2 (1-COSθ 2 )

상기 수학식 1에서 L은 텐셔너(4)가 작용하지 않은 상태에서의 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이이고, L1 및 L2는 텐셔너(4)가 도면의 우측 방향으로 이동한 상태에서의 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이이다.In Equation 1, L is the length of the timing belt 3 in the state in which the tensioner 4 is not actuated, and L1 and L2 are the timing belt 3 in the state in which the tensioner 4 is moved in the right direction of the drawing. ) Is the length.

θ1과 θ2는 텐셔너(4)가 도면의 우측 방향으로 이동한 상태에서의 여유각을 나타내고 있다.θ 1 and θ 2 indicate the clearance angles in the state where the tensioner 4 is moved in the right direction of the drawing.

이렇게 계산된 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이 차에 따른 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상값(A) 변화는 다음 수학식 2와 같이 계산할 수 있다.The change in the phase value A of the cam shaft 1 according to the length difference of the timing belt 3 calculated as described above may be calculated as in Equation 2 below.

A = ΔL/2πR×360°A = ΔL / 2πR × 360 °

수학식 1, 2에 따라 본 발명에서는 텐셔너(4)를 조정하여 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이를 가변시킴으로써, 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상을 진각 혹은 지각할 수 있으며, 진각량 및 지각량을 정확하게 조정할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.According to the equations (1) and (2) in the present invention, by adjusting the tensioner 4 to vary the length of the timing belt 3, the phase of the camshaft 1 can be advanced or perceived, and the amount of advance and the amount of perception can be accurately corrected. It can be seen that it can be adjusted.

여기서, 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상값(A)은 텐셔너(4)를 도면의 우방향으로 이동시켜 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이 차(ΔL)를 증가시킴에 따라, 그에 비례하여 반시계 방향으로 지각되는 것이며, 그 결과 밸브 개폐시기를 늦출 수 있다.Here, the phase value A of the camshaft 1 increases the length difference ΔL of the timing belt 3 by moving the tensioner 4 in the right direction of the drawing, in proportion to the counterclockwise direction. As a result, the valve opening and closing time can be delayed.

이 경우에는 엔진의 저속 운전에 해당한다.In this case, it corresponds to the low speed operation of the engine.

또한, 텐셔너(4)를 도면의 좌방향으로 이동시켜 타이밍 벨트(3)의 길이 차(ΔL)를 감소시킴에 따라, 그에 비례하여 캠 샤프트(1)의 위상값(A)을 시계 방향으로 진각할 수 있고, 그 결과 밸브 개폐시기를 앞으로 당길 수 있는 것이며, 이것은 엔진의 고속 운전에 해당한다.Further, as the tensioner 4 is moved to the left in the drawing to reduce the length difference ΔL of the timing belt 3, the phase value A of the camshaft 1 is propagated clockwise in proportion thereto. It is possible to pull the valve opening and closing time forward as a result, which corresponds to the high speed operation of the engine.

이를 위하여, 본 발명의 텐셔너(4)는 도면에서와 같이 둘 혹은 하나가 설치되어지며, 별도의 구동수단을 이용하여 도면의 좌, 우방향으로 이동되어진다.To this end, the tensioner 4 of the present invention is provided with two or one, as shown in the figure, is moved in the left and right directions of the figure using a separate drive means.

상기한 구동수단은 텐셔너(4)가 설치되는 이송부재(5)를 포함한다.The drive means comprises a conveying member 5 on which the tensioner 4 is installed.

이송부재(5)는 리이드 스크류(6)가 체결되는 너트(5a)를 구비하여, 정, 역방향으로 구동되는 모터(7)의 회전에 의해 상기 리이드 스크류(6)를 따라 도면의 좌, 우방향으로 직선 운동하므로, 텐셔너(4)를 이동시킨다.The conveying member 5 has a nut 5a to which the lead screw 6 is fastened, and is left and right in the drawing along the lead screw 6 by the rotation of the motor 7 driven forward and backward. The tensioner 4 is moved because it moves linearly.

도면에서 부호 8은 고정 베어링이고, 9는 전동기어를 나타내고 있다.In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a fixed bearing, and 9 denotes an electric gear.

여기서, 구동수단인 모터(7)는 엔진의 운전 속도를 감지하는 제어수단에 의해 정, 역방향으로 구동되어진다.Here, the motor 7 as the driving means is driven in the forward and reverse directions by the control means for detecting the operating speed of the engine.

상기한 제어수단은 모터(7)를 제어하는 전자제어유니트(ECU)이며, 차속센서와 타이밍 센서의 신호를 받아 엔진의 운전 상태를 파악하여, 엔진의 고속 운전시 캠 샤프트(1)를 시계 방향으로 진각시키도록 작용하고, 그 반대의 경우 반시계 방향으로 지각시키도록 작용한다.The control means is an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling the motor (7), and receives the signals of the vehicle speed sensor and the timing sensor to grasp the operating state of the engine, clockwise rotation of the cam shaft (1) during the high-speed operation of the engine To act as a counterclockwise direction and vice versa.

이상에서 설명한 구성 및 작용을 통하여 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치는 텐셔너를 좌, 우방향으로 조정하는 간단한 방식에 의해 캠 샤프트의 위상값, 즉 흡, 배기 밸브의 개폐시기를 용이하고 정확하게 조정하는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.As can be seen through the configuration and operation described above, the valve opening and closing timing adjustment device of the automobile engine of the present invention is a phase value of the camshaft, that is, the intake and exhaust valves by a simple method of adjusting the tensioner in the left and right directions. It is possible to obtain the effect of easily and accurately adjusting the opening / closing time.

따라서, 본 발명에 의하면 엔진의 고속 운전시 밸브 개폐시기를 앞당겨 혼합기의 흡입과 연소 가스의 배출을 빠르게 조정함으로써, 연소 효율을 향상시키고 그 결과 엔진의 출력을 향상시키는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.Therefore, according to the present invention, by adjusting the intake of the mixer and the discharge of the combustion gas quickly by advancing the valve opening and closing time during the high speed operation of the engine, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving the combustion efficiency and consequently the output of the engine.

또한, 본 발명에 의하면 엔진의 저속 운전시 밸브 개폐시기를 늦추어 연소 효율을 향상시키고 완전 연소를 달성하므로, 대기 오염을 줄이고 출력을 향상시키는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, since the valve opening and closing time is delayed during the low speed operation of the engine to improve combustion efficiency and achieve complete combustion, it is possible to obtain an effect of reducing air pollution and improving output.

따라서, 본 발명은 엔진의 전 속도 영역에서 엔진의 연소 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 출력 증대와 함께 노킹 방지 및 연료 소비율을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있다.Therefore, the present invention can improve the combustion efficiency of the engine in the full speed range of the engine, and there is an advantage of preventing knocking and reducing fuel consumption while increasing the power.

Claims (2)

엔진의 출력단인 크랭크 샤프트와 캠 샤프트를 연결하는 타이밍 벨트와, 상기 타이밍 벨트에 접촉하는 적어도 양쪽 2개의 텐셔너와, 상기 텐셔너를 좌우로 이동시켜 타이밍 벨트의 길이를 조정하므로 캠 샤프트의 위상을 진각 및 지각하는 구동수단과, 상기 구동수단을 엔진의 운전 속도에 맞추어 정방향 혹은 역방향으로 구동되게 제어하는 제어수단을 포함하는 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치.A timing belt connecting the crankshaft and the camshaft, which are the output ends of the engine, at least two tensioners in contact with the timing belt, and the length of the timing belt by moving the tensioner left and right to adjust the length of the camshaft. And a control means for controlling the drive means to be driven in the forward or reverse direction according to the driving speed of the engine. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 구동수단은 텐셔너를 지지하면서 좌우로 스크류 이동가능한 이송부재와, 상기 이송부재에 결합된 리이드 스크류와, 상기 리이드 스크류를 회전시키는 정역 회전가능한 모터로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차 엔진의 밸브 개폐시기 조정장치.2. The motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the driving means comprises a conveying member which is screw-movable from side to side while supporting the tensioner, a lead screw coupled to the conveying member, and a forward and reverse rotatable motor for rotating the lead screw. Valve open / close timing adjustment of engine.
KR1019990026903A 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Valve timing adjuster of engine used in vehicle KR20010008866A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009148441A1 (en) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Borgwarner Inc. Anchored mechanical strap tensioner multi-strand tensioning

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009148441A1 (en) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Borgwarner Inc. Anchored mechanical strap tensioner multi-strand tensioning

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