KR20000067162A - Method for improving abrasional lubrication specificity of phosphoric acid phosphate manganese system film and the filmhaving excellent abrasional lubrication specificity manufactured by the method - Google Patents
Method for improving abrasional lubrication specificity of phosphoric acid phosphate manganese system film and the filmhaving excellent abrasional lubrication specificity manufactured by the method Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000067162A KR20000067162A KR1019990014727A KR19990014727A KR20000067162A KR 20000067162 A KR20000067162 A KR 20000067162A KR 1019990014727 A KR1019990014727 A KR 1019990014727A KR 19990014727 A KR19990014727 A KR 19990014727A KR 20000067162 A KR20000067162 A KR 20000067162A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
- B24B39/003—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor the working tool being composed of a plurality of working rolls or balls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 상호 접촉하는 철강 부품 표면의 마찰저항을 감소시키고, 운전시 초기 길들임 등의 여러 가지 용도로 사용되는 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모 윤활 특성을 개선시킨 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모윤활 특성 개선방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 마모윤활 특성이 우수한 인산염 망간계 피막에 관한 것이다.The present invention provides a method for improving the wear lubrication characteristics of phosphate manganese-based coatings, which reduces frictional resistance of mutually contacting steel parts and improves the wear lubrication characteristics of phosphate manganese-based coatings used for various applications such as initial tampering during operation. The present invention relates to a phosphate manganese-based coating having excellent wear lubrication properties.
일반적으로 인산염 피막은 방청, 도장, 하지처리, 전기절연용, 금속용사 전처리용, 마모윤활용, 그리고 인발, 프레스가공등 금속의 냉간소성 가공시의 윤활처리 등에 다양하게 사용되고 있다.In general, phosphate coating is widely used for rust treatment, painting, substrate treatment, electrical insulation, metal spray pretreatment, wear lubrication, and lubrication during cold firing of metals such as drawing and pressing.
이러한 목적으로 쓰이고 있는 인산염 피막으로는 망간계, 아연계 및 철계, 그리고 이들 인산염 피막과 금속산화물의 복합피막이 있다.Phosphate coatings used for this purpose include manganese, zinc and iron, and composite films of these phosphate coatings and metal oxides.
이중에서 인산염 아연계 피막은 부식을 방지하고, 도장의 하지처리에 이용되며, 또한 압출, 인발, 프레스, 냉간단조 등의 소성가공시 피가공재의 윤활처리에 쓰이고 있다.Among them, zinc phosphate-based coatings are used for the prevention of corrosion and for the base treatment of coatings, and also for the lubrication of workpieces during plastic processing such as extrusion, drawing, pressing and cold forging.
그리고 인산염 철계피막은 도장 및 비닐 코팅의 하지처리에 활용되고 있다.And iron phosphate coating is used for the base treatment of coating and vinyl coating.
또한, 인산염 망간계 피막은 상호 접촉하는 철강부품 표면의 마찰저항을 감소시키고, 윤활유의 흡수유지능력이 우수하여 금속과 금속간의 접촉을 막고, 운전시 초기 길들임 등의 여러 가지 효과로 인해 마모를 크게 줄일 수 있다.In addition, the phosphate manganese-based coating reduces frictional resistance of the surface of steel parts in contact with each other, and has excellent absorption and absorption ability of lubricating oil to prevent metal-to-metal contact, and greatly increase wear due to various effects such as initial tampering during operation Can be reduced.
이에 따라 내연기관의 기어, 캠축, 베어링 레이스, 밸브, 타펫이나 실린더 라이너, 피스톤링 등의 자동차 부품과 냉장고 및 에어컨의 콤푸레서 부품, 그리고 사진기부품 등의 회전 및 습동부품에 다방면으로 적용되고 있다.As a result, it is widely applied to automobile parts such as gears, camshafts, bearing races, valves, tappets, cylinder liners, piston rings of internal combustion engines, compressor parts of refrigerators and air conditioners, and rotating and sliding parts such as camera parts.
이러한 인산염 망간계 피막은 탈지 → 1차 수세 → 표면조정 → 인산망간피막제조 → 2차 수세 → 건조 등의 처리과정을 거쳐서 85∼95 ℃의 온도 조건하에서 다음의 화학 반응식 1 내지 5에 의하여 이루어진다.The manganese phosphate coating is made by the following chemical reactions 1 to 5 under a temperature condition of 85 to 95 ° C. through a process such as degreasing → primary washing → surface adjustment → manganese phosphate coating → secondary washing → drying.
상기와 같이 처리된 처리액중의 철이온은 공기에 의해 산화되어 슬러지로 침전되며, 이와 같이 생성된 피막은 Mn3(PO4)2·2MnHPO4·4H4O와 FeHPO4·4H2O의 회색, 또는 회흑색의 혼합 결정상이 얻어진다.Iron ions in the treatment liquid treated as described above are oxidized by air and precipitated as sludge, and the resulting film is formed of Mn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 · 2MnHPO 4 · 4H 4 O and FeHPO 4 · 4H 2 O. Gray or grayish black mixed crystal phases are obtained.
인산염 망간계 피막의 마모 및 윤활특성과 윤활유의 흡수 유지능력은 이들 결정상의 조성은 물론, 크기, 두께, 치밀도, 균일성, 금속 기지와의 결합정도 등에 의존한다.The wear and lubrication characteristics of the manganese phosphate coating and the ability to retain and absorb the lubricating oil depend not only on the composition of these crystal phases, but also on the size, thickness, density, uniformity, and degree of bonding with the metal matrix.
보통 결정입이 큰 인산염 망간계 피막은 윤활특성은 우수하나 마모되기 쉬우므로 그 두께를 10.8∼43.0 g/㎡ 로 두껍게 하고, 적당한 윤활유를 첨가하여 내마모 특성을 요구하는 부품에 적용하고 있다.Usually, phosphate manganese-based coatings with large grains have excellent lubricating properties but are easy to wear, so they are thickened to 10.8 to 43.0 g / m2, and are applied to parts requiring wear resistance by adding appropriate lubricants.
이렇게 두꺼운 인산염 망간계 피막의 경우 사용 수명은 길어지나 표면이 거칠고, 마모가 잘되어 치수공차가 커짐으로 인해 정밀한 부품에는 사용할 수 없으며, 정밀부품에 적용하기 위해서는 그 피막을 버핑하여 표면조도를 개선하고, 치수를 조정하여 사용하나 치수관리에 많은 어려움이 따르고 있다.In this thick phosphate manganese coating, the service life is long, but the surface is rough and wear is good. Therefore, it cannot be used for precision parts due to the large dimensional tolerance.For application on precision parts, the film is buffed to improve the surface roughness. Although it is used to adjust the size, there are many difficulties in dimension management.
한편, 결정입이 작은 인산염 망간계 피막은 윤활특성은 다소 떨어지나 내마모성이 우수하고, 표면조도가 좋으며 치수관리가 용이한 장점을 가지고 있어서 주로 내마모 특성이 요구되는 정밀 부품에 적용된다.On the other hand, phosphate manganese-based coatings with small grain size have some advantages such as low lubrication characteristics but excellent wear resistance, good surface roughness and easy dimension management, and are mainly applied to precision parts requiring wear resistance characteristics.
그러나 판상으로 잘 발달되지 않은 작은 결정입의 인산염 망간계 피막은 돌출된 결정의 간섭으로 인해 초기 마찰력이 크게 작용하여 결정 피막이 조기에 파괴되어 수명이 짧아진다.However, the small grain phosphate manganese-based coatings, which are not well developed into platelets, have a large initial frictional force due to the interference of protruding crystals, which causes the crystal coatings to break prematurely and shorten their lifespan.
도 1a, b는 인산염 망간계 피막의 일예를 나타낸 것으로 도 1a는 두껍고 조대한 결정의 판상구조를 가짐을 알 수 있고, 도 1b는 얇고 미세한 결정의 각이 진 결정임을 알 수 있다.Figure 1a, b shows an example of a manganese phosphate coating, it can be seen that Figure 1a has a plate structure of thick and coarse crystals, Figure 1b can be seen that the crystal of the angle of thin and fine crystals.
도 2a, b는 도 1a, b의 인산염 망간계 피막을 마모 시험하여 그래프화한 것으로, 마모 시편은 GC 300의 편상 흑연 주철을 이용하여 직경 25 ㎜, 두께 5 ㎜ 크기의 디스크 형태로 제작한 것을 사용하였다.Figure 2a, b is a graph of the wear test of the phosphate manganese coating of Figures 1a, b, the wear specimen is made of a disc shape of 25 mm in diameter, 5 mm thick using flake graphite cast iron of GC 300 Used.
인산염 망간계 피막 제조공정중 산처리 및 표면 조정 공정을 통해 각각 인산염 망간계 피막의 두께 및 결정형태를 변화시켰으며, 도 1a의 경우 중심선 표면 거칠기를 나타내는 Ra 값이 10 ㎛, 도 1b의 경우 Ra 값이 2 ㎛ 이었다.In the manufacturing process of the phosphate manganese coating, the thickness and crystal form of the manganese phosphate coating were changed through the acid treatment and the surface adjustment process. In FIG. 1A, the Ra value representing the centerline surface roughness was 10 μm, and in the case of FIG. The value was 2 micrometers.
마모 시험은 볼 언 데스크(Ball On Desk)형태의 시험기를 이용하였으며, 이때 시험 하중을 520 g, 회전속도를 380 rpm, 시험온도는 19∼20 ℃으로 하여 무윤활 상태에서 시험하였다.The wear test was performed using a ball-on-desk type tester, where the test load was 520 g, the rotational speed was 380 rpm, and the test temperature was 19 to 20 ° C., which was tested in a non-lubricated state.
이렇게 하여 얻어진 마모 시험 결과가 도 2a 및 도 2b에 나타나 있다.The wear test results thus obtained are shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
도 2a의 결정이 크고 판상인 경우, 짧은 시간 동안 0.2의 초기 마찰계수를 나타낸 다음 급격하게 감소하여 0.085 정도의 마찰계수로 2시간 동안 유지됨을 알 수 있다.When the crystal of FIG. 2a is large and plate-shaped, the initial friction coefficient of 0.2 is shown for a short time and then rapidly decreased to maintain the friction coefficient of about 0.085 for 2 hours.
그러나 도 2b의 결정이 작고 두께가 얇은 경우, 장시간 0.5의 초기 마찰계수를 나타낸 다음 0.1로 감소하여 일정하게 유지되나 그 시간이 대단히 짧다.However, when the crystal of FIG. 2B is small and thin, the initial friction coefficient of 0.5 is shown for a long time, and then decreases to 0.1 and remains constant, but the time is very short.
즉, 결정입이 작고 두께가 얇은 인산염 망간계 피막의 경우 마모 수명이 짧은 것을 알 수 있다.That is, it can be seen that the wear life is short in the case of a small grain size and a thin phosphate manganese coating.
이것은 초기에 인산염 망간계 피막의 결정 파괴로 인해 마찰력이 커지고, 그 결정들이 파괴되어 길들여진 다음 그 인산염 망간계 피막 고유의 마찰계수로 유지되는 것이다.This is initially due to the frictional breakdown of the crystals of the phosphate manganese-based coating, which results in the fracture being tampered with and then maintained at the friction coefficient inherent to the phosphate-manganese-based coating.
도 2a의 결정입이 크고 두께가 두꺼운 경우 마찰계수가 낮게 유지되는 시간, 즉 마모 수명이 길어지나 도 2b와 같이 결정입이 작고 두께가 얇은 경우 초기에 결정이 파괴되고 두께가 얇아 마모 수명이 짧게 된다.If the grain size of Figure 2a is large and thick, the friction coefficient is low, that is, the wear life is long, but if the grain is small and thin as shown in Figure 2b, the crystal is initially broken and the thickness is thin, the wear life is short do.
이렇게 두께가 얇고 결정입이 작은 인산염 망간계 피막의 경우 피막 자체의 마모 및 윤활 특성 외에 제조 공정 관리에 의존하는 피막의 치밀성 및 균일성 등에 의해 마모수명 및 윤활특성이 달라지므로 인해 품질이 불균일해지는 문제점이 있었다.In the case of such thin and small grain phosphate manganese-based coatings, the quality of the film becomes uneven because the wear life and lubrication characteristics are changed by the density and uniformity of the coating depending on the manufacturing process control, in addition to the wear and lubrication characteristics of the coating itself. There was this.
본 발명은 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 창안된 것으로 인산염 망간계 피막의 마찰 계수를 낮추어 마모를 감소시키고 사용 수명을 크게 연장시키며, 불균일 또는 치밀하지 못한 인산염 망간계 피막층에 의한 품질 불량을 감소시킬 수 있는 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모윤활 특성 개선방법 및 이에 따라 제조되는 마모윤활 특성이 우수한 인산염 망간계 피막을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems by reducing the friction coefficient of the phosphate manganese coating to reduce wear and prolong the service life, which can reduce the quality defects caused by uneven or dense phosphate manganese coating layer It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the wear lubrication characteristics of a manganese phosphate coating and a phosphate manganese coating having excellent wear lubrication characteristics.
도 1a는 결정입이 크고 두께가 두꺼운 인산염 망간계 피막의 표면형태,1a is a surface form of a large grain size and thick manganese phosphate coating,
도 1b는 결정입이 작고 두께가 얇은 인산염 망간계 피막의 표면형태,1b is a surface form of a small grain and thin phosphate manganese-based coating,
도 2a는 도 1a에 나타난 인산염 망간계 피막의 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 보인 그래프,Figure 2a is a graph showing a change in the coefficient of friction over time of the phosphate manganese coating shown in Figure 1a,
도 2b는 도 1b에 나타난 인산염 망간계 피막의 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 보인 그래프,Figure 2b is a graph showing the change of the coefficient of friction over time of the phosphate manganese coating shown in Figure 1b,
도 3a 및 도 3b는 각각 본 발명의 실시전 및 실시후의 인산염 망간계 피막층 구조를 보인 개략도,Figure 3a and Figure 3b is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the phosphate manganese-based coating layer before and after the implementation of the present invention, respectively,
도 4는 도 1b에 나타난 인산염 망간계 피막층을 흑연으로 도 3b와 같이 버니싱한 표면 구조를 10,000 배로 확대한 표면형태,4 is a surface form in which the surface structure obtained by burning the phosphate manganese-based coating layer shown in FIG. 1B with graphite as shown in FIG. 3B is expanded by 10,000 times;
도 5는 도 4에 도시된 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모시험 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 보인 그래프,5 is a graph showing a change in the coefficient of friction according to the wear test time of the phosphate manganese coating shown in FIG.
도 6은 도 1b에 나타난 인산염 망간계 피막층을 MoS2로 도 3b와 같이 버니싱한 표면 구조를 10,000 배로 확대한 표면형태,6 is a surface form in which the surface structure obtained by burning the phosphate manganese-based coating layer shown in FIG. 1B with MoS 2 as shown in FIG. 3B is increased by 10,000 times;
도 7은 도 6과 같이 MoS2로 버니싱한 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모시험 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 보인 그래프이다.FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change of the friction coefficient with the wear test time of the phosphate manganese-based film burned with MoS 2 as shown in FIG. 6.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 탈지와 1차 수세 및 표면조정을 거친 인산망간피막을 2차 수세 및 건조 처리를 통해 제조된 0.01 ∼ 20㎛ 의 중심선 평균 거칠기를 갖는 인산염 망간계 피막의 표면에, 평균 입경 0.001 ∼ 10㎛ 크기의 흑연, MoS2, PTFE 분말을 단독 또는 2종 이상 혼합한 혼합분말로 버니싱하는 것을 특징으로 하는 인산염 망간계 피막의 마모윤활 특성 개선방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a surface of a manganese phosphate film having a centerline average roughness of 0.01 to 20 µm, which is prepared by degreasing, washing with primary water, and adjusting the surface. It provides a method for improving the wear lubrication characteristics of the phosphate manganese-based coating, characterized in that the burnishing of graphite, MoS 2 , PTFE powder having a mean particle size of 0.001 to 10 ㎛ size alone or mixed powder of two or more kinds.
또한, 본 발명은 중심선 평균 거칠기 Ra 값이 0.01 ∼ 20㎛ 인 인산염 망간계 피막의 결정과 결정사이, 그리고 결정이 형성되지 않은 부위에 평균 입경이 0.001 ∼ 10㎛ 인 흑연, MoS2, PTFE 분말을 단독 또는 2종이상 혼합한 혼합분말이 채워져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 마모윤활 특성이 우수한 인산염 망간계 피막을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides graphite, MoS 2 , PTFE powder having an average particle diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm between the crystals and the portions of the phosphate manganese-based coating having a centerline average roughness Ra value of 0.01 to 20 μm and between the crystals. Provided is a phosphate manganese-based coating having excellent abrasion lubrication characteristics, characterized in that the powder alone or mixed with two or more kinds thereof is filled.
이하에 본 발명에 대해 상세히 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, this invention is demonstrated in detail.
먼저 전술한 바와 같이 탈지 → 1차 수세 → 표면조정 → 인산망간피막제조 → 2차 수세 → 건조 등의 처리과정을 거쳐서 중심선 평균 거칠기 Ra 값이 0.01 ∼ 20 ㎛ 인 인산염 망간계 피막을 제조한다.First, as described above, a phosphate manganese-based coating having a centerline average roughness Ra of 0.01 to 20 μm is prepared through a process such as degreasing → primary washing → surface adjustment → manufacturing manganese phosphate coating → secondary washing → drying.
다음 상기 인산염 망간계 피막을 입경 0.001 ∼ 10 ㎛ 크기의 흑연, MoS2, PTFE(Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene)와 같은 고체 윤활 분말을 단독 또는 2종 이상 혼합시킨 혼합분말로 버니싱(burnishing)하여 도 3b에 도시된 바와 같이 돌출된 결정을 둥글게 하고, 결정과 결정사이, 그리고 결정이 형성되지 않은 부위 등을 이들 분말로 채운다.Next, the phosphate manganese-based coating film was burned with a single or mixed mixture of two or more solid lubricating powders such as graphite, MoS 2 , and PTFE (Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene) having a particle diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm, and FIG. 3B. As shown in Fig. 6, the protruding crystals are rounded, and the powders are filled with the crystals and the portions between them and the sites where no crystals are formed.
이에 따라 초기 접촉시 인산염 망간계 피막의 결정이 파괴되지 않고 즉시 정상적인 마모단계로 접어들며, 이들 고체 윤활제의 작용에 의해 마찰계수가 낮아져 마모 수명이 크게 길어진다.As a result, the crystals of the manganese phosphate coating are not destroyed at the time of initial contact and immediately enter a normal wear stage, and the friction coefficient is lowered by the action of these solid lubricants, which greatly increases the wear life.
이때, 인산염 망간계 피막의 중심선 거칠기 및 처리 분말의 입경 크기가 본 발명의 바람직한 범위를 벗어나는 경우, 처리 효과의 극대화를 기대할 수 없게 된다.At this time, when the centerline roughness of the manganese phosphate coating and the particle size of the treated powder are outside the preferred range of the present invention, it is impossible to maximize the treatment effect.
즉, 중심선 평균 거칠기 Ra 값이 0.01 ㎛ 미만일 경우, 흑연이나 MoS2, PTFE와 같은 고체 윤활분말, 또는 이들의 혼합분말에 의한 버니싱이 제대로 이루어지지 않고, 중심선 평균 거칠기 Ra 값이 20 ㎛ 이상일 경우, 혼합 분말이 결정과 결정 사이, 그리고 결정이 형성되지 않은 부위가 충분히 채워지지 않아 표면처리 효과를 거두기 어렵기 때문이다.That is, when the centerline average roughness Ra value is less than 0.01 μm, burnishing by graphite, MoS 2 , solid lubrication powder such as PTFE, or a mixture thereof is not performed properly, and the centerline average roughness Ra value is 20 μm or more. This is because, because the mixed powder is not sufficiently filled between the crystal and the region where the crystal is not formed, it is difficult to obtain the surface treatment effect.
또한, 흑연이나 고체 윤활 분말의 입경을 0.001 ∼ 10 ㎛ 크기로 한정한 것은 이와 같은 범위내에서 버니싱 효과가 가장 크게 나타나기 때문이다.In addition, the particle diameter of graphite and solid lubricating powder is limited to the size of 0.001-10 micrometers because the burnishing effect is the largest in this range.
이하에 실시예를 들어 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명한다.An Example is given to the following and this invention is demonstrated in detail.
＜ 실시예 1 ＞<Example 1>
상기와 같이 제조된 두께가 얇고 결정입이 작은 인산염 망간계 피막 시편의 피막층을 분말 형태의 흑연으로 버니싱한 표면의 구조가 도 4에 나타나 있다.The structure of the surface obtained by burning the coating layer of the thin and small crystal phosphate manganese-based coating specimen prepared as described above with powdered graphite is shown in FIG. 4.
또한, 도 4에 나타난 시편의 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 나타낸 마모시험 그래프가 도 5에 나타나 있다.In addition, a wear test graph showing a change in the friction coefficient with time of the specimen shown in Figure 4 is shown in Figure 5.
마모시험은 종래와 같이 GC 300의 편상 흑연 주철을 이용하여 직경 25 ㎜, 두께 5 ㎜ 크기의 디스크 형태로 제작하여 볼 언 데스크(Ball On Desk) 마모시험기를 통해 시험하였고, 이때 시험 하중을 520 g, 회전속도를 380 rpm으로 하여 무윤활 상태에서 시험하였고, 시험온도는 19℃였다.The abrasion test was made in the form of a disk having a diameter of 25 mm and a thickness of 5 mm using a flake graphite cast iron of GC 300 as in the prior art, and was tested through a ball on desk abrasion tester, and the test load was 520 g. The test was carried out in a non-lubricated state at a rotational speed of 380 rpm and the test temperature was 19 ° C.
도 2b와 비교하여 종래에는 초기 마찰계수가 0.5로 매우 높으나 평균입경 0.5 ㎛의 흑연 분말로 버니싱한 본 발명의 경우 그 반대로 초기 마찰계수가 0.095로 크게 낮아졌고, 마찰계수의 값이 0.08로 2시간 이상 유지되었다.Compared to FIG. 2B, in the present invention, which has a very high initial friction coefficient of 0.5, but burned with graphite powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm, the initial friction coefficient is significantly lowered to 0.095, and the coefficient of friction is 0.08. It was kept for more than an hour.
표 1은 각 마모 시험에서의 마찰계수 및 마모수명을 나타낸 것으로 본 발명에 의해 비교재(흑연 미버니싱 인산염 망간계 피막)에 비해 마찰계수는 25%, 초기 마찰계수는 78%는 감소하였고, 마모수명은 2.4배 이상 증가하였다.Table 1 shows the coefficient of friction and wear life in each wear test. According to the present invention, the coefficient of friction decreased by 25% and the initial coefficient of friction by 78% compared to the comparative material (graphite unminishing phosphate manganese coating). The wear life increased more than 2.4 times.
[표 1]TABLE 1
＜ 실시예 2 ＞<Example 2>
한편, 상기 인산염 망간계 피막 시편의 피막층을 평균 입도 1㎛의 분말 형태의 MoS2로 버니싱한 표면의 구조가 도 6에 나타나 있다.Meanwhile, the structure of the surface obtained by burning the coating layer of the phosphate manganese coating specimen with MoS 2 in powder form having an average particle size of 1 μm is shown in FIG. 6.
또한, 도 6에 나타난 시편의 시간에 따른 마찰계수의 변화를 나타낸 마모시험 그래프가 도 7에 나타나 있다.In addition, a wear test graph showing a change in the friction coefficient with time of the specimen shown in FIG. 6 is shown in FIG.
마모시험은 실시예 1과 동일한 조건으로 하였고, 이때의 시험온도는 20 ℃ 였다.The wear test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the test temperature at this time was 20 ° C.
본 발명을 실시하지 않은 것에 비해 초기 마찰계수가 0.065로 매우 낮고, 0.05의 마찰계수 값으로 2시간 이상 유지되었다.Compared with the present invention, the initial coefficient of friction was very low at 0.065 and maintained for at least 2 hours at a coefficient of friction of 0.05.
표 2는 각 마모 시험에서의 마찰계수 및 마모수명을 나타낸 것으로 본 발명에 의해 비교재(레진 결합 MoS2코팅층)에 비해 마찰계수는 46%, 초기 마찰계수는 87% 감소하였고, 마모수명은 2.4배 이상 증가하였다.Table 2 shows the friction coefficient and wear life in each wear test. According to the present invention, the friction coefficient was reduced by 46%, the initial friction coefficient was 87%, and the wear life was 2.4 by comparison with the comparative material (resin-bonded MoS 2 coating layer). More than doubled.
상기 레진 결합 MoS2의 경우, 코팅층이 박리되지 않으면 충분한 수명을 얻을 수 있으나 벗겨지는 경우 수명이 대단히 짧고, 마찰계수가 높다.In the case of the resin-bonded MoS 2 , if the coating layer is not peeled off, sufficient life can be obtained, but if peeled off, the life is very short and the friction coefficient is high.
[표 2]TABLE 2
이상에서와 같이, 본 발명에 의하면 인산염 망간계 피막의 초기 접촉에 따른 마찰력이 대폭 감소되어 결정의 파괴를 줄이고, 마찰계수의 저하로 인해 마모속도를 크게 줄여서 인산염 망간계 피막의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, the frictional force due to the initial contact of the phosphate manganese coating is greatly reduced to reduce crystal breakage, and the wear rate is greatly reduced due to the decrease in the friction coefficient, thereby extending the life of the phosphate manganese coating. It has an effect.
또한, 불균일하거나 치밀하지 못한 인산염 망간계 피막의 경우에 있어서 본 발명에 따라 마모 수명이 향상되어 품질 불량을 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, in the case of non-uniform or dense phosphate manganese-based coating according to the present invention there is an effect that the wear life is improved to reduce the quality defects.
아울러, 처리 전후의 인산염 망간계 피막의 칫수가 변하지 않게 되므로 치수관리가 용이해지며, 레진 결합 MoS2코팅 방법보다 처리 비용을 줄일 수 있는 효과를 갖는다.In addition, since the dimensions of the manganese phosphate coating before and after the treatment does not change, it is easy to manage the dimension, it has the effect of reducing the processing cost than the resin-bonded MoS 2 coating method.
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| KR20150119075A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2015-10-23 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Condensate preheater for a waste-heat steam generator |
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| KR20150119075A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2015-10-23 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Condensate preheater for a waste-heat steam generator |
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