KR20000064229A - directional coupler using different uncoupled lines and Multi-section coupled lines - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An orientational engager is provided to reduce the size of an electric appliance by manufacturing the orientational engager by using a ceramic and a dielectric substrate used in a frequency mixer and a signal detecter. CONSTITUTION: A conductive electrode(201,202,207,208,211) is formed on a dielectric substrate(206c), and a conductive electrode(203,204,209,210,212) is formed on a dielectric substrate(206b). A dielectric substrate(206a) coated with a conductive layer covers the structure. The signal applied to an input terminal(201) is output to an output terminal through a coupled line(207) and a coupled line(208). When the signal passes through the coupled line(207), a portion of the signal is coupled with a coupled line(209) by the electromagnetic coupled phenomenon. When the signal passes a non-coupled line(211) and the coupled line(208), a portion of the signal is coupled with a coupled line(210). The signal coupled with the coupled line(209) and the coupled line(210) is added in an output terminal(203), and is compensated in an output terminal(204).

Description

Directional coupler using different uncoupled lines and Multi-section coupled lines

The present invention relates to a frequency mixer used for frequency conversion in a wireless communication facility or a directional coupler used for a signal detector for detecting a state of a signal.

In general, a directional coupler is constructed by using electromagnetic coupling that occurs when a transmission line through which an electrical signal can be transmitted is located close. In particular, Figure 1 shows a conventional directional coupler constructed using a ceramic or dielectric substrate. In Fig. 1, the input and output terminals 101, 102, 103 and 104 of the electrical signal and the coupling lines 107 and 108 hatched are transmission lines formed by printing or etching operations on the dielectric substrates 106b and 106c. Conventional directional couplers using electromagnetic coupling phenomena occurring in coupling lines 107 and 108 located close to each other use a coupling length equal to one fourth of the frequency wavelength to be used to obtain a large coupling degree. .

Therefore, the size of the directional coupler of such a structure is larger than one fourth of the wavelength used, and when applied to a low frequency, the structure of the directional coupler is too long compared to the width, which is disadvantageous to the integration of the circuit. In addition, in order to obtain a high degree of bonding, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 106b is so small that it is difficult to manufacture.

The present invention reduces the size of the overall directional coupler by reducing the length of the coupling line by combining the coupling line in multiple to compensate for the above problems, in the case of low frequency can increase the degree of integration by configuring the coupling line in multiple stages It is an object of the present invention to fabricate the structure, and to increase the spacing between the coupling lines to obtain a high degree of coupling, and to facilitate the production compared to the conventional structure shown in FIG.

1 is a structural diagram of a conventional general directional coupler having a multi-layer structure

Figure 2 is a directional coupler structure consisting of a coupling line of two stages of the directional coupler having a non-coupling line and multiple coupling lines of different lengths of the present invention

3 is a general view of a directional coupler having multiple non-coupling lines and multiple coupling lines of different lengths;

FIG. 4 is a directional coupler in which the length of a long uncoupling line is the same as a short uncoupling line in FIG. 1 and electrodes are added at both ends thereof.

5 is a characteristic graph of the directional coupler using the double coupling line of FIG.

Hereinafter, described in detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

2 is a view showing a structure using a two-stage coupling of the directional coupler using a multi-stage coupling line of a multi-layer structure of the present invention. In the conductor pattern, the black and hatched parts are the same electrode, but they are marked differently to distinguish the bonding part (hatched) and the non-bonding part (black).

Looking at Figure 2 is a directional coupler of the present invention has the following structure. Conductor electrodes 201, 202, 207, 208, and 211 are formed on the dielectric substrate 206c having a bottom surface coated with a conductor film, and conductor electrodes 203, 204, 209, 210, and 212 on the dielectric substrate 206b thereon. ). In addition, the upper surface has a stripline structure formed by covering the dielectric substrate 206a coated with a conductor film and putting the whole together. The signal applied to the input terminal 201 is output to the output terminal 202 through the coupling line 207 and the coupling line 208. When the signal passes through the coupling line 207, some signals are primarily coupled to the coupling line 209 located above by the electromagnetic coupling phenomenon, and the signal passing through the coupling line 207 is connected to the non-coupling line 211. Some signals are secondarily coupled to the coupling line 210 again above the coupling line 208. The signal coupled to the coupling line 209 and the coupling line 210 is summed at the output terminal 203 and canceled with each other at the output terminal 204 so that the signal is output only at the output terminal 202 and the output terminal 203. . The bottom and top surfaces 205 of the directional coupler are treated with a conductor film to shield the leakage of internal signals and the effects of external noise. The uncoupled lines 211 and 212 are necessary for the characteristics, but since there is no characteristic change according to the length when they are the same length, only a predetermined interval is required so that the mutual influence of each input / output terminal 201, 202, 203, and 204 is small in manufacturing. You can leave it apart. However, if the length of the non-coupling line is different as shown in FIG. In order to obtain the desired output characteristics, the width and length of the input / output terminals, the coupling line, and the non-coupling line must be determined to match the external impedance, which can be obtained by applying the right mode and pre-mode impedance analysis methods of the transmission line. The bond length can be determined. If the right mode impedance and pre-mode impedance of the coupling line are Zoe and Zoo, respectively, the coupling coefficient C of the coupling line is as follows.

In the directional coupler of FIG. 2, the electrical characteristics are determined by the relative difference in length from the absolute length of the non-coupled line. Therefore, when the coupling coefficient C is determined from the above equation, the difference between the length of the combined line and the non-coupled line at the intended frequency is It can be obtained from the equation.

Where D is the electrical length difference between the non-coupling line 211 and the non-coupling line 212 and L is the electrical length of the unit coupling line 207. As can be seen from the above equation, the difference between unit coupling length and non-coupling line can have several values.

In the same manner as described above, a multi-stage directional coupler may be manufactured. FIG. 3 illustrates a general structure of a multi-stage combined directional coupler configured to generate multiple stages of multiple bonds while crossing each other on the dielectric substrate 306c and the dielectric substrate 306b. The figure shows. In the case of a directional coupler to be applied at a low frequency, the conventional structure occupies a lot of positions when the circuit is integrated because the transverse and longitudinal sizes are too different. When such a structure is manufactured with a structure having a plurality of coupling stages as shown in FIG. 3, not only the size of the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction can be appropriately determined to be advantageous for circuit integration, but also the overall coupling length of the coupling line can be reduced to reduce the overall size. have.

FIG. 4 is a structure in which the long uncoupling line 211 is the same as the length of the short uncoupling line 212 in the directional coupler structure of FIG. 2. At this time, the width of the non-coupling line 411 was thinned to increase the impedance to compensate for the shortened effect of the long non-coupling line, and electrodes were formed at both ends to serve as capacitors. In this way it is possible to manufacture a directional coupler having a similar operation to the structure of Figure 2 at the frequency of use.

FIG. 5 is a result of fabricating and measuring a directional coupler having the structure shown in FIG.

As described above, the present invention can increase the degree of freedom of the structure by combining the coupling line of the directional coupler in two or more stages, which can not only advantageously integrate the circuit but also reduce the size and provide high coupling. The structure is easy to manufacture. When the directional coupler of the present invention is manufactured using a dielectric substrate having a high dielectric constant, the directional coupler may have a chip structure and may be applied to wireless communication equipment or many MMIC applications.

Claims (2)

In a directional coupler fabricated by forming and stacking metal electrodes on a dielectric substrate and using electromagnetic coupling between electrodes located in each layer, the coupling lines are first coupled, then another length of unbonded lines are added, and recombination occurs again. As a method of adding a coupling line, a method of manufacturing a directional coupler by using a non-coupling line having a different length from that of the coupling line. In a directional coupler that forms and stacks metal electrodes on a dielectric substrate and uses electromagnetic coupling between electrodes located in each layer, the coupling lines are formed so as to first combine the transmission lines, then add unbonded lines of the same length and recombine again. In the method of repeatedly adding the non-coupling line, a capacitive electrode is formed on both ends of the non-coupling line, and the width of the line is thinned to make the directional coupler to perform the same operation as adding the non-coupling line of the other length.