KR20000063730A - Absolute dc motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A DC motor is provided to directly drive the motor by using a DC power source without using any electrical or mechanical rectifiers. CONSTITUTION: Permanent magnets are attached to a yoke comprising a core such that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are alternately changed. A coil of a stator is disposed such that the directions of the currents flowing through the coil are alternately changed. A movable member is inserted between the coil and the permanent magnets. If the relative positions of the coil and the permanent magnets are fixed such that the border surface of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is located at the central portion of the concave portion of the coil core of the stator, the magnetic field is asymmetrically formed. The movable member is driven by the magnetic force of Kelvin.

Description

Full DC Motors {ABSOLUTE DC MOTOR}

The present invention relates to a motor that is directly driven by a DC power source without going through the commutator action of a mechanical commutator or an electronic commutator.

Since the principle of motors and generators has been discovered by Faraday, development of generators that output DC power directly from motors or generators that are directly driven by DC power has continued. DC motors or generators of the past have been applied to the stator or the rotor, or the output power from the DC motor in a strict sense because the direct current is converted into alternating current or alternating current by the action of a mechanical commutator or electronic commutator And generators did not exist except single-pole motors and generators.

DC motors or generators driven or developed by a mechanical or electronic commutator are converted into alternating current through the action of a mechanical commutator or electronic commutator, and the power is supplied to the stator or rotor coil and output from the stator or rotor. Due to the large power loss by the iron core, the rotational force and the pulsation of the output is severe. In particular, the mechanical commutator has a large noise and vibration due to the friction between the brush and the commutator, the life thereof is short, and the electronic commutator has a problem that the electronic commutator requires in addition to the main body of the basic motor and generator. In the case of an electric motor or a generator having a large electric capacity, the price of the commutator is high. In addition, since single-pole motors and generators operate with low voltage and high current, there are many difficulties in supplying and outputting current to the mover.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fully DC motor that is driven only by a DC power source without the action of a mechanical or electronic commutator.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a high efficiency electric motor by reducing the loss caused by Eddy Current of the rotor iron core.

Still another object of the present invention is to form a magnetic field using an electromagnet instead of a permanent magnet to easily manufacture a large-capacity electric motor.

Another object of the present invention can be easily automated and thin when manufactured by etching, printing or thin film coating method to produce a coil layer of the electric motor, by simultaneously cutting a number of coil layers on one disc If the mass production is possible, the production cost is also inexpensive to provide a fully DC motor.

In order to achieve the above object, the full DC electric motor of the present invention alternately attaches a permanent magnet to the yoke of the stator made of iron cores alternately, and applies a coil to the groove of the iron core which is dug in the same manner as the period of the magnetic poles. Are arranged in alternating directions, fix the relative position of the coil and the permanent magnet so that the magnetic pole boundary of the permanent magnet is in the center of the unevenness of the coil core, and then the core having a uniform structure between the opposing coil and the permanent magnet. Magnetizer in the direction perpendicular to the direction of motion, magnetic intensity in the direction parallel to the direction of motion or magnetization in the direction parallel to the direction of motion, Magnetic intensities in the direction perpendicular to the direction of motion are asymmetrically generated and operated by Kelvin Magnetization Force Since the magnetic core is driven or acts as a relative force between the mover and the stator, the role of the direct current is that the stator composed of a coil and a permanent magnet is also driven by changing roles.

1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the magnetic force of Kelvin

2, a, b and c are diagrams for explaining the basic principle of the present invention.

3 is a side view of a linear motor having one stator core according to the present invention.

4 is a side view of a linear motor having two stator iron cores according to the present invention.

5 is a view showing a cylindrical electric motor in which the permanent magnet according to the present invention is inside the rotor iron core;

6 shows a cylindrical electric motor in which the permanent magnet according to the present invention is outside the rotor iron core.

7A and 7B are side and perspective views showing a disc-shaped electric motor having one rotor iron core according to the present invention.

8A and 8B are side and perspective views showing a disc-shaped electric motor having two rotor iron cores according to the present invention.

9 is a view showing another embodiment according to the present invention in which a permanent magnet is added to the coil core according to the present invention.

10 shows a straight and cylindrical film coil having an expanded rectangular circuit according to the present invention.

11 shows a straight and cylindrical film coil having a developed hexagonal circuit according to the present invention.

A and b of FIG. 12 show a disk-shaped coil having an expanded rectangular circuit according to the present invention.

A and b of FIG. 13 show a disk-shaped coil having an expanded hexagonal circuit according to the present invention.

According to Faraday Law, the present invention uses a force or electromotive force generated by the rate of change of the magnetic flux passing through the cross-sectional area of the coil, or uses a force or electromotive force generated by the Lorentz Force. It is different from the existing electric motor or generator. That is, the present invention is implemented with a predetermined force or electromotive force generated by Kelvin Magnetization Force. The principle of Kelvin Magnetization Force is the force acting on an object in a non-uniform magnetic field as shown in Fig. 1. Kelvin Magnetization Force Density F is obtained by the following equation. .

Where μ0 is the permeability of free space, M is the magnetization, and H is the magnetic intensity. The force exerted by a steel disk close to the permanent magnet is shown in Figure 1, so Kelvin's Kelvin Magnetization Force Density in the Cylindrical Coordinate System exists only in the Z-axis direction. It is obtained by the following formula.

Where Mr = Mψ = 0

Here, since HZ decreases in the Z-axis direction, the Kelvin Magnetization Force acting on the disc acts in the direction of the permanent magnet.

In order to apply Kelvin Magnetization Force to the electric motor, permanent magnets are alternately attached to the iron core stator yoke, as shown in a of FIG. When the coil is placed in the groove of the iron core so that the direction of the current is changed, and the iron core as the movable member is inserted between the coil of the stator and the permanent magnet, the magnetic poles induced by the permanent magnet alternately appear on the surface of the movable iron core. The force moves between the magnetic poles on the surface of the iron core and the magnetic poles of the stator generated by the current of the coil. The movable body always moves in the same direction, so the actuator continues without changing the direction of the current. Will move.

The principle of a fully DC motor is described by Kelvin Magnetization Force according to the Cartesian Coordinate System. Kelvin Magnetization Force Density in the X-axis direction acting on the mover is

ego, The terms are symmetric along the X-axis, so they cannot cancel each other and contribute as a given force to the mover, To calculate the term, in the mover for magnetization and magnetic intensity along two Z-axis lines that are symmetric about a single magnetic pole, such as a in Figure 2, The change is shown graphically as b and c in Figure 2. The magnetization degree on the left side of the magnetic pole is small in the opposite direction to the magnetic pole generated by the permanent magnet and the current generated by the coil current. The magnetization degree on the right side is large because the magnetic poles induced by the permanent magnet and the magnetic poles generated by the coil current are in the same direction. Similarly, the magnetic intensities on the left side of the magnetic poles are symmetrical in increasing and decreasing because the directions formed by the permanent magnets and the directions formed by the current of the coil are opposite to each other, whereas the magnetic intensities on the right side are Since the direction formed by the permanent magnet and the direction generated by the coil current are the same direction, it is asymmetric to increase and decrease. Therefore, the product of magnetization and magnetic intensity divided by the Z-axis is small on the left side of the mover and large on the right side of the magnetic pole. Integrating the terms along the X-axis does not cancel each other out but appears to the mover as a predetermined force.

Full DC motors, operating on the principle of Kelvin Magnetization Force, operate between a mover with a uniform structure and a fixed position relative to the coil and the permanent magnet, and between a stator consisting of the coil and the permanent magnet. Since it is operated by the force of the force, the force in the same direction always acts between the mover and the stator without changing the direction of the current. Therefore, since it acts as a relative force between the mover and the stator, even if the role of the mover and the stator is changed, it operates on the same principle, and using the electromagnet instead of the permanent magnet shows the same result. The core of the mover should be thin, or the gap between them should be small, and the permanent magnet should be strong enough to show the magnetic pole formed by the permanent magnet on the surface of the coil side of the mover. When the current flowing in the coil is excessive, the magnetic field induced by the permanent magnet in the mover is balanced with the magnetic field generated by the coil current, and the asymmetry described above is broken. The force acting on the mover by the current in the coil increases with increasing current until the maximum is reached, and decreases with increasing current after the force acting on the mover reaches its maximum.

An embodiment in which the principle of a full DC motor using Kelvin Magnetization Force is applied to a linear motor is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The linear motor consists of a mover consisting of a coil and a permanent magnet, and a stator iron core between the coil and the permanent magnet.A straight motor consisting of a single stator iron core as shown in FIG. 3 and two stator iron cores as shown in FIG. The motor of the linear motor of FIG. 4 has a great advantage because the current of the coil acts on each stator iron core and the magnetic path is formed of the permanent magnet and the stator iron core. The driving force can be increased by increasing the number of magnetic poles of the linear motor. The coil and the permanent magnet can be used as the stator, and the iron core between the coil and the permanent magnet can be used as the mover. The stator core can be lost due to Eddy Current. To reduce the use of iron plate laminated.

5 and 6 illustrate embodiments in which a coil and a permanent magnet of a linear motor using Kelvin Magnetization Force are disposed in a cylindrical shape and applied to a cylindrical electric motor. The iron core of the cylindrical motor is cylindrical and rotates between the coil and the permanent magnet.In the cylindrical motor of FIG. 5, the coil is located outside the rotor (rotor) and the permanent magnet is inside the rotor. The cylindrical electric motor of FIG. 6 has a structure in which the coil is inside the mover (rotor) and the permanent magnet is outside the mover. Cylindrical mover iron core is used by stacking iron plate of circular ring to reduce the loss by Eddy Current like stator iron core of linear motor.

An embodiment in which a coil and a permanent magnet of a straight motor using Kelvin Magnetization Force and a permanent magnet are arranged in a disc shape and applied to a disc motor is shown in FIGS. 7A and 8B and 8A and 8B. The rotor (rotator) iron core of the disk-shaped electric motor is made into a disk and rotates between the coil and the permanent magnet, and the disk-shaped electric motor composed of one movable iron core as shown in a and b of FIG. And a disk-shaped electric motor composed of two movable iron cores as shown in b and b. The disk-shaped electric motors shown in a and b of FIG. 8 have a coil current applied to each of the movable (rotor) iron cores. Since the permanent magnet and the rotor (rotor) iron core is formed, the driving force of the motor has a big advantage. Movable iron core is used by winding iron plate to reduce loss caused by Eddy Current.

The complete DC motor driven by the Kelvin Magnetization Force of the present invention can be implemented by various types of electric motors directly driven by DC power by varying the arrangement of the mover iron core, coil and coil iron core, permanent magnet and yoke. Can be. When two permanent magnets are arranged in pairs in the grooves of the coil core as shown in FIG. 9 in the pair of two permanent magnets opposite to the permanent magnet against the coil core, the magnetization and magnetic strength in the movable core The driving force of the motor can be improved by increasing the asymmetry of the magnetic intensity. Considering the magnetic circuit shown in FIG. 9 consisting of the coil core and the movable iron core, the directions of magnetic intensity generated by the coil and permanent magnets attached to the coil core are Passing current through the coil in the same direction increases the asymmetry of magnetization and magnetic intensity in the core of the mover, thereby improving the driving force of the motor. Auxiliary permanent magnets are added to the coil cores to apply the linear motors of FIGS. 3 and 4, the cylindrical motors of FIG. 5 and 6, and the disc motors of a and b of FIG. 7 and a and b of FIG. The linear motor, cylindrical motor and disc motor can be manufactured with improved driving force according to the direction of.

It is easier to manufacture the film and use the coil space more efficiently than using the winding coil due to the structure of the coil of the complete DC motor of the present invention. Film coil is formed by printing conductive ink on the insulating film to form a plating or etching copper foil adhered to the insulating film, and the coil formed on the insulating film is attached to the coil core. In the present invention, a coil is formed by etching copper foil bonded to both surfaces with an insulating film interposed therebetween, and the coil connection between the insulating films is formed by punching and plating a terminal opposite to each other with the insulating film interposed therebetween. Was facilitated.

The straight and cylindrical film coils having an unfolded square circuit are formed in succession by repeatedly forming half portions of a plurality of unfolded square circuits at upper and lower coil surfaces at intervals of magnetic poles as shown in FIG. It is configured by connecting in series at the start terminal and end terminal of the circuit. That is, the film coil using the unfolded quadrangle comprises an unfolded quadrangle circuit of half portions which is repeated at intervals of stimulation up and down with an insulating film therebetween as one continuous circuit, and a plurality of continuous circuits of the continuous circuit are formed. It consists of serial connection at the start terminal and end terminal of each continuous circuit at both ends of the film coil. Film coils with unfolded rectangular circuits have the disadvantage of increasing coil resistance due to the length of the coil circuit. However, the upper and lower coil connections are connected at the start terminal and the end terminal of each continuous circuit at both ends of the coil, thus reducing the number of connections. There is this.

The straight and cylindrical film coils having the unfolded hexagonal circuits are formed in succession by repeatedly forming half portions of the unfolded hexagonal circuits in the upper and lower coil surfaces at intervals of magnetic poles as shown in FIG. A continuous circuit is formed by connecting in series, and the film coil is formed by connecting in series at the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit at both ends of the film coil. That is, the film coil using the unfolded hexagon is connected to the unfolded hexagonal circuits of the upper and lower halves formed through the insulating film in series through the holes in the vertices of the hexagon. A plurality of continuous circuits of the continuous circuits are connected in series with each other at the start terminal and the end terminal of each continuous circuit at both ends of the film coil. Film coils with unfolded hexagonal circuits have the advantage that the coil resistance is short due to the short length of the coil circuit, but the upper and lower coil connections are connected at the start and end terminals of each continuous circuit at the vertices of each hexagon and at both ends of the coil. There are many disadvantages in the number of connections.

As described above, the cylindrical film coil is formed by repeatedly forming a rectangular or hexagonal circuit having a plurality of circuits on a copper foil having a long insulating film therebetween at intervals of magnetic poles, connecting the circuits formed on the upper and lower coil surfaces in series, and then It is rolled up. The spacing of the circuits perpendicular to the direction of movement of the square or hexagonal circuit is equal to the spacing of the magnetic poles, and when the long film coil is wound in a cylindrical shape, the position of the circuits perpendicular to the direction of movement of each coil layer always matches. The spacing of the circuit perpendicular to the direction of motion is adjusted according to the diameter of the coil layer.

The disk-shaped film coil having a plurality of circuits has a shape in which a circuit portion perpendicular to the direction of movement is changed radially in a square or hexagon, which is the shape of a cylindrical film coil. On a copper foil sandwiching a disk-shaped insulating film, a fan-shaped square or hexagonal circuit consisting of a plurality of circuits is repeatedly formed at intervals of magnetic poles, and circuits formed on upper and lower coil surfaces are connected in series, and then adjacent coil layers. They are made by stacking each other in series.

A disk-shaped film using an unfolded rectangle is formed on the power plate at the intervals of magnetic poles by forming half halves of a plurality of unfolded rectangles on the upper and lower coil surfaces with the disk insulating films interposed therebetween as shown in a and b of FIG. Thus, a plurality of continuous circuits are repeated at intervals of magnetic poles. The plurality of continuous circuits are connected by serially connecting the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit to each other to form a single coil layer, and are laminated while the start layer and the end terminal of the serially connected continuous circuit in each coil layer are connected in series with each other. To make a disk-shaped film coil. Film coils having a plurality of rectangular circuits have a disadvantage in that the coil resistance is increased due to the length of the coil circuit, but the upper and lower coil connections are connected at the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit, thereby reducing the number of connections.

A disk-shaped film coil using an unfolded hexagon is formed on the power plate at the intervals of magnetic poles by forming a half of a plurality of unfolded hexagons on two upper and lower coil surfaces with a disk insulating film interposed therebetween as shown in a and b of FIG. In addition, a plurality of continuous circuits are formed at the vertices of the hexagon through serial holes and repeated at intervals of magnetic poles. The several continuous circuits are connected by serially connecting the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit to each other to form a single coil layer, and the start and end terminals of the serially connected continuous circuits in each coil layer are laminated while the coil layers are connected in series. To make a disk-shaped thin film coil. Film coil composed of plural hexagonal circuits has the advantage of small coil resistance due to the short length of the coil circuit, but the number of connections is high because upper and lower coil connections are connected at the vertex of each hexagon and the start terminal and end terminal of the continuous circuit. .

As described above, a disk-shaped thin film coil having a plurality of circuits forms a fan-shaped square or hexagonal coil of a plurality of closed circuits on a disk as many as the number of magnetic poles, and adjacent coil layers are connected in series while stacking the coil layers. The distance between the circuits perpendicular to the direction of motion of the square or hexagonal coils is equal to the spacing of the magnetic poles, and the film coils are constructed so that the positions of the radial circuits of the respective coil layers always match.

The present invention has the significance of inventing a motor that is directly driven by a DC power source without going through the action of a commutator, whether it is a mechanical commutator or an electronic commutator. DC motor driven by mechanical commutator or electronic commutator is acted by mechanical commutator or electronic commutator and direct current is converted into alternating current, so power is supplied to stator or rotor coil. In particular, the mechanical commutator has a high noise and vibration due to the friction between the brush and the commutator, and has a limited life. The electronic commutator requires an electronic commutator separately from the main body of the basic motor. The price is high. On the contrary, the full DC motor of the present invention is an electric motor capable of solving the problems of the electric motor having a mechanical commutator or an electronic commutator at a time because it is driven by a DC power supply without the action of a mechanical commutator or an electronic commutator. In addition, since the moving core is limited to a small volume of the mover (rotor) core, reducing the loss caused by the Eddy Current of the mover (rotor) iron core, the loss caused by the electrical resistance of the coil and the It is possible to manufacture high-efficiency electric motors because of only hysteresis loss, and if a magnetic field is formed using an electromagnet instead of a permanent magnet, a large-capacity electric motor can be easily manufactured. In order to manufacture the coil layer of the electric motor of the present invention, if it is manufactured by etching method, printing method, or thin film coating method, it can be easily automated and thinly manufactured. The production cost is also low because it is possible.

Claims (17)

In a direct current motor, a magnetic pole is alternately attached to a yoke made of iron core with alternating magnetic poles, and the stator is disposed so that the coils alternately change directions of current in the grooves of the iron core which are arranged in the same manner as the period of magnetic poles, and the stator. And a mover composed of a uniformly constructed iron core inserted between the opposing coil and the permanent magnet, the relative position of the coil and the permanent magnet such that the boundary of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is at the center of the unevenness of the coil core of the stator. The magnetization degree and the magnetic strength in the direction parallel to the movement direction and the magnetic strength in the direction parallel to the movement direction, and the magnetization and the movement in the direction parallel to the movement direction are Since the magnetic strength in the direction perpendicular to the direction is generated asymmetrically, the mover is driven by the magnetic force of Kelvin All DC motors. According to claim 1, Two permanent magnets opposite to the permanent magnet in the opposite direction of the magnetic poles are attached to the grooves of the coil core in pairs to increase the asymmetry of the magnetization and magnetic strength in the movable iron core Fully DC motor, characterized in that the driving force of the motor is improved. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness and strength of the permanent magnet, the thickness of the mover iron core, the ball spacing between the permanent magnet and the mover iron core is a size that can cause magnetic saturation in the mover iron core DC motor. The yoke of the permanent magnet is pure iron, the coil core and the mover iron core of the stator are magnetic cores having a high magnetic flux density and low magnetic strength at the saturation magnetic flux, and the movable iron core reduces the loss caused by the vortex. In order to stack the iron plate parallel to the direction of movement in order to completely DC motor. The complete DC motor of claim 1, wherein the DC motor is configured of an electromagnet instead of the permanent magnet. 2. The stator of claim 1, wherein the stator has a coil and a permanent magnet arranged in a line, and a long rod-shaped iron core is inserted between an opposing coil and the permanent magnet, wherein the coil and the permanent magnet are inserted. Fully DC motor, characterized in that the stator is made of a linear drive. 2. The stator of claim 1, wherein the stator has two rows of coils and permanent magnets, and two narrow bar-shaped iron cores are inserted between the two coils and the permanent magnets facing each other. The stator of the two rows of coils and the permanent magnet is driven in a straight line. According to claim 1, wherein the stator coil and the permanent magnet is arranged in a cylindrical shape and fixed, and a cylindrical mover iron core is inserted and driven between the opposing coil and the permanent magnet, the coil is outside of the mover iron core And a permanent magnet disposed on the side of the cylindrical magnet, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed inside the movable iron core. According to claim 1, wherein the stator coil and the permanent magnet is arranged and fixed in a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical mover iron core is inserted and driven between the opposing coil and the permanent magnet, the coil is inside the mover iron core; And a permanent magnet disposed at an outer side of the mover iron core. The disk-shaped movable iron core is driven by arranging the coil and the permanent magnet of the stator in a disk shape and inserting a disk-shaped movable iron core between the opposing coil and the permanent magnet. Disc full DC motor. The disk-shaped coil of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnets of the stator are disposed in a disk shape, the coils are disposed in a disk shape opposite to both permanent magnets with the permanent magnets interposed therebetween, and the permanent magnets are opposed to both permanent magnets. The disk-shaped full DC motor, characterized in that the two disk-shaped mover iron core is driven by inserting two disk-shaped mover iron core between the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet. 8. The coil according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the coils are formed in a plurality of continuous circuits by repeating half portions of a plurality of unfolded square circuits at intervals of magnetic poles on upper and lower coil surfaces having an insulating film therebetween. And a straight film coil formed by stacking film coils formed on and under the insulating film by connecting a start terminal and an end terminal of a continuous circuit at both ends in series. The coil according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the coils are formed by repeating half portions of a plurality of unfolded quadrangular circuits at intervals of magnetic poles on upper and lower coil surfaces having a long insulating film therebetween to form a plurality of continuous circuits. And a cylindrical film coil formed by connecting the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit at both ends of the insulating film in series and winding the film coils formed above and below the long insulating film in a cylindrical shape. 12. The coil according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the coils are formed on the power plate at the intervals of the magnetic poles by forming half portions of the plurality of unfolded quadrangles on the upper and lower coil surfaces having the disc-shaped insulating film interposed therebetween. A plurality of continuous circuits are configured, and the plurality of continuous circuits are connected to each other in series with the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit to form one coil layer, and the start terminal and the end terminal of the series connected continuous circuit in the coil layer are A complete direct-current motor, characterized in that the disk-shaped film coil, characterized in that the coil layer is laminated while being formed in series connection. 8. The coil according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the coils are formed in succession by repeatedly forming half portions of a plurality of unfolded hexagonal circuits at intervals of magnetic poles on upper and lower coil surfaces with an insulating film interposed therebetween. A series of linear film coils formed by forming a plurality of continuous circuits through a serial connection, serially connecting start terminals and end terminals of the continuous circuits at both ends of the insulating film, and laminating film coils formed on and under the insulating film. Fully DC motor featured. The coil according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the coils are formed on the upper and lower coil surfaces with a long insulating film therebetween and are formed successively by repeating half portions of a plurality of expanded hexagonal circuits at intervals of magnetic poles. A plurality of continuous circuits are formed in series through holes, and the start and end terminals of the continuous circuits at both ends of the long insulating film are connected in series, and the film coils formed above and below the long insulating film are wound in a cylinder. A complete direct current motor, characterized in that the cylindrical film coil. 12. The hole according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the coil forms a plurality of unfolded hexagonal halves on the disk at intervals of magnetic poles on the upper and lower coil surfaces with the disk insulating film interposed therebetween, and the holes formed at the vertices of the hexagon. Through the serial connection through the configuration of a plurality of continuous circuits that are repeated at intervals of stimulation, and the plurality of continuous circuits are connected to the start terminal and the end terminal of the continuous circuit in series to form a coil layer, A complete direct current motor, characterized in that it is a disk-shaped thin film coil formed by stacking a start terminal and an end terminal of a series circuit connected in series while connecting coil layers in series.