KR20000051447A - Safety device of secondary battery - Google Patents
Safety device of secondary battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20000051447A KR20000051447A KR1019990001925A KR19990001925A KR20000051447A KR 20000051447 A KR20000051447 A KR 20000051447A KR 1019990001925 A KR1019990001925 A KR 1019990001925A KR 19990001925 A KR19990001925 A KR 19990001925A KR 20000051447 A KR20000051447 A KR 20000051447A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- cap assembly
- secondary battery
- battery
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 이차전지의 안전수단에 관한 것으로서, 더 상세하게는 전지의 내부에서 이상이 발생하여 내압이 상승했을 때 폭발하는 것을 방지하기 위해 캔이 파단되어 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 이차전지의 안전수단에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a safety means of a secondary battery, and more particularly, a safety means of a secondary battery capable of ensuring safety by breaking a can to prevent explosion when an internal pressure rises due to an abnormality occurring inside the battery. It is about.
이차전지는 전해물질에 양극과 음극을 삽입하고, 이 양극과 음극을 연결했을 때 전해물질과 전극 사이에서 발생되는 전기화학적 반응을 이용한 전지로써, 기존의 일차전지와는 달리 전자 전기제품에서 소모된 에너지를 충전기에 의해 재충전하여 반복 사용할 수 있는 충전과 방전이 가능한 전지여서 포터블화하는 전자 전기제품과 더불어 급속한 신장을 보이고 있다.A secondary battery is a battery using an electrochemical reaction generated between an electrolyte and an electrode when a positive electrode and a negative electrode are inserted into an electrolyte material, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to each other. It is a battery that can be recharged and recharged by a charger and can be repeatedly used, and is rapidly growing with portable electronic appliances.
이러한 이차 전지는 양극이나 음극 혹은 전해액을 어떤 물질로 사용하냐에 따라 니켈카드뮴전지, 니켈수소전지, 리튬이온전지 및 리튬폴리머 전지 등으로 나뉘며, 형태적으로는 원통형, 팩키지형 및 각형으로 구분된다.Such secondary batteries are divided into nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, lithium ion batteries, and lithium polymer batteries according to which materials are used as the positive electrode, the negative electrode, or the electrolyte, and are divided into cylindrical, packaged, and rectangular shapes.
도 3은 종래 공지된 이차전지를 단면도로 나타내고 있다.3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventionally known secondary battery.
이차전지는 양극과 세퍼레이터 및 음극이 함께 권취된 전극 롤(2)이 캔(4)의 내부에 수납되고, 그 캔(4)의 상부에 캡 어셈블리(6)가 설치되어서 용접에 의해 밀봉되는 구조로 이루어진다. 전극 롤(2)의 상면과 하면에는 캡 어셈블리(6) 및 캔(4)과의 접촉을 방지하기 위해 각각 절연판(8)이 설치된다.The secondary battery has a structure in which an electrode roll 2, in which a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode are wound together, is housed inside a can 4, and a cap assembly 6 is installed on the top of the can 4 to be sealed by welding. Is made of. An insulating plate 8 is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode roll 2 to prevent contact with the cap assembly 6 and the can 4, respectively.
캡 어셈블리(6)는 캔(4)의 상부에 용접되는 음극 플레이트(10)와 그 중심에 배치되는 양극 플레이트(12)를 포함하고, 음극 플레이트(10)와 양극 플레이트(12)의 사이에 절연 가스켓(14)이 설치되며, 음극 플레이트(10)와 양극 플레이트(12)의 중심을 관통하여 결합되는 리벳(16)이 전극 롤(2)의 양극과 탭(18)으로 연결되어서 전기적으로 접속된 구조로 이루어진다. 리벳(16)은 별도의 가스켓(20)을 개재하여 음극 플레이트(10)와 절연된다.The cap assembly 6 includes a negative electrode plate 10 welded to the top of the can 4 and a positive electrode plate 12 disposed at the center thereof and insulated between the negative electrode plate 10 and the positive electrode plate 12. The gasket 14 is installed, and the rivet 16 coupled through the center of the cathode plate 10 and the anode plate 12 is connected to the anode and the tab 18 of the electrode roll 2 to be electrically connected. Made of structure. The rivet 16 is insulated from the negative electrode plate 10 through a separate gasket 20.
상기 음극 플레이트(10)에는 전해액을 주입시키는 전해액 주입구가 형성되며, 전해액을 주입한 다음에는 플러그(22)가 용접된다. 또, 음극 플레이트(10)에는 안전수단을 설치하는데, 이는 음극 플레이트(16)에 기계적인 방법이나 에칭 및 전기주형법으로 홈을 형성시켜 안전수단인 파단변(24)이 형성되도록 하여서 전지의 내압이 위험수위에 도달했을 때 파단되도록 하는 것이다.The negative electrode plate 10 is formed with an electrolyte injection hole for injecting an electrolyte, and after the electrolyte is injected, the plug 22 is welded. In addition, a safety means is provided in the negative electrode plate 10, which forms a groove in the negative electrode plate 16 by a mechanical method or an etching and an electroforming method so that the break side 24 as a safety means is formed so that the internal pressure of the battery can be formed. When this risk level is reached, it is to be broken.
그러나, 캡 어셈블리(6)에는 전해액 주입구와 양극 플레이트(12) 등 여러 가지 부품들이 배치되다 보니 복잡할 뿐만 아니라 파단변(24)이 파열될 경우에 음극 플레이트(10)가 양극 플레이트(12) 쪽으로 휘면서 접촉되어져 전지의 양극과 음극을 통전시키는 2차적인 반응을 발생시킴에 따라 파단변(24)이 안전수단으로써의 역할을 하지 못하고 연쇄 촉발 반응으로 이어져 전지가 계속적으로 위험해 질 수 있다.However, the cap assembly 6 is not only complicated because various components such as the electrolyte injection hole and the positive electrode plate 12 are arranged, but also the negative electrode plate 10 moves toward the positive electrode plate 12 when the fracture side 24 is ruptured. As the secondary contact causes the secondary reaction to be brought into contact with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, the fracture edge 24 may not play a role as a safety means and may lead to a chain triggering reaction, thereby causing the battery to continue to be dangerous.
이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 본 발명은 전지의 내부에서 이상이 발생하여 내압이 상승했을 때 폭발을 방지하기 위해 미리 파단되어지는 안전수단이 파열된 후에도 전지의 안전성을 보장할 수 있도록 하는 것이 목적이다.The present invention devised to solve this problem is to ensure the safety of the battery even after the failure of the safety means that is broken in advance to prevent explosion when the internal pressure rises due to an abnormality in the battery. to be.
이를 위하여, 캔의 내부에 전극롤이 수납되고, 캔의 개구에 캡 어셈블리가 크림핑되어 밀봉되는 이차전지에서, 본 발명의 안전수단으로 캔의 하면에 파단변이 형성되는 것이 특징이다.To this end, in the secondary battery in which the electrode roll is accommodated in the can and the cap assembly is crimped and sealed in the opening of the can, a break side is formed on the bottom surface of the can as a safety means of the present invention.
여기서, 파단변은 전기 주형법 혹은 에칭으로 형성될 수 있다.Here, the fracture side may be formed by an electric casting method or an etching.
이에 따라, 전지의 내압 증가시 안전수단이 파열되더라도 캔의 하부에서 파열되어 안전성을 더 확보할 수 있게 되었다.Accordingly, even when the safety means is ruptured when the internal pressure of the battery increases, it is ruptured at the bottom of the can to further secure the safety.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 이차전지를 도시한 단면도,1 is a cross-sectional view showing a secondary battery according to the present invention;
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 이차전지의 하부를 도시한 도면,2 is a view showing a lower portion of a secondary battery according to the present invention;
도 3은 종래 공지된 이차전지의 일부를 도시한 단면도.3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a conventionally known secondary battery.
* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
32 : 캔34 : 전극롤32: can 34: electrode roll
36 : 캡 어셈블리40 : 음극 플레이트36 cap assembly 40 cathode plate
42 : 절연 가스켓44 : 양극 플레이트42: insulating gasket 44: anode plate
46 : 리벳48 : 음극 탭46: rivet 48: negative electrode tab
54 : 파단변54: breaking edge
이하 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 이차전지를 도시한 단면도이고, 도 2는 이차전지의 하부를 도시한 도면이다.1 is a cross-sectional view showing a secondary battery according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a lower portion of the secondary battery.
도면에서 알 수 있듯이 이차전지는 외관을 형성하는 캔(32)과, 그 내부에 수납되어지는 전극 롤(34)과, 캔(32)의 개구에 용접되어지는 캡 어셈블리(36)로 구성되어진다.As can be seen from the figure, the secondary battery is composed of a can 32 forming an appearance, an electrode roll 34 housed therein, and a cap assembly 36 welded to an opening of the can 32. .
상기 전극 롤(34)은 양극, 세퍼레이터 및 음극을 함께 권취한 후 프레싱하여 얻어지는 것이며, 전극롤(34)의 상면과 하면에는 캡 어셈블리(36) 및 캔(32)과의 접촉을 방지하기 위한 절연판(38)이 배치되는 것이다.The electrode roll 34 is obtained by winding the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode together, and pressing them. An insulating plate for preventing contact between the cap assembly 36 and the can 32 on the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode roll 34. 38 is disposed.
상기 캡 어셈블리(36)는 캔(32)의 상부에 용접되는 음극 플레이트(40)와 그 중심에 절연 가스켓(42)을 개재한 양극 플레이트(44)를 포함하며, 음극 플레이트(40)와 양극 플레이트(44)의 중심을 관통하는 리벳(46)이 리벳팅됨으로써 일체화된다.The cap assembly 36 includes a cathode plate 40 welded to the top of the can 32 and an anode plate 44 with an insulating gasket 42 in the center thereof, the cathode plate 40 and the anode plate. The rivet 46 penetrating the center of 44 is integrated by riveting.
상기 리벳(46)의 하단부는 전극 롤(34)의 양극과 탭(48)으로 연결되어서 전기적으로 접속된 구조로 이루어지며, 리벳(46)은 별도의 가스켓(50)을 개재하여 음극 플레이트(40)와 절연되는 것이다.The lower end of the rivet 46 is connected to the positive electrode and the tab 48 of the electrode roll 34 to have an electrically connected structure, the rivet 46 is a negative plate 40 through a separate gasket (50) ) Is insulated.
상기 음극 플레이트(40)에는 전해액을 주입시키는 전해액 주입구가 형성되며, 캡 어셈블리(36)와 캔(32)이 용접된 상태에서 전해액 주입구로 전해액을 주입한 다음, 전해액 주입구로 플러그(52)를 삽입하고 용접함으로써 밀봉된다.The cathode plate 40 is formed with an electrolyte injection hole for injecting an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte is injected into the electrolyte injection hole while the cap assembly 36 and the can 32 are welded, and then the plug 52 is inserted into the electrolyte injection hole. And sealed by welding.
한편, 상기 캔(32)은 판상의 모재를 딥 드로잉한 후 니켈로 도금하여서 제조된다. 이런 캔(32)에는 전지의 내압 상승으로 인한 폭발에 대한 위험을 방지하기 위해서 본 발명에 따른 안전수단을 설치한다.On the other hand, the can 32 is manufactured by deep drawing a plate-like base material and then plating with nickel. The can 32 is provided with a safety means according to the present invention to prevent the risk of explosion due to the increase in the internal pressure of the battery.
즉, 캔(32)의 하면에 전기 주형법이나 에칭 또는 기계적 방법으로 홈을 형성하여 파단변(54)이 형성되도록 함으로써 캔(32)의 다른 부위보다 취약하게 하여 전지의 내압이 증가하면 파열될 수 있도록 하는 것이다.That is, the groove 32 is formed in the lower surface of the can 32 by an electric casting method, an etching method, or a mechanical method so that the fracture side 54 is formed, which is more vulnerable than other parts of the can 32, and may be ruptured when the internal pressure of the battery increases. To make it possible.
이렇게 파단변(54)이 캔(32)의 하면에 배치됨으로써 전지의 내압 증가에 따라 파단변(54)이 파열되더라도 2차적인 안전상의 문제는 발생하지 않게 된다.As the break side 54 is disposed on the bottom surface of the can 32, the secondary safety problem does not occur even when the break side 54 ruptures as the internal pressure of the battery increases.
이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 실시예는 종래의 문제점을 실질적으로 해소하고 있다.As described above, the embodiment of the present invention substantially solves the conventional problems.
즉, 종래와 같이 캡 어셈블리에 파단변이 형성되는 것이 아니라, 캔의 하면에 파단변을 형성하여 전지의 내압 증가시 파열될 수 있도록 함으로써 파단변의 파열 후 2차적으로 안전성에 문제가 발생될 소지를 제거하였다.That is, instead of forming a fracture side in the cap assembly as in the prior art, by forming a fracture side on the lower surface of the can to be ruptured when the internal pressure of the battery increases, it eliminates the possibility of secondary safety problems after the fracture of the fracture side. It was.
따라서, 종래에 비해 전지의 안전성을 확보하여 제품 신뢰도를 향상시킬 수 있게 되었다.Therefore, it is possible to secure the safety of the battery compared to the prior art to improve the product reliability.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990001925A KR20000051447A (en) | 1999-01-22 | 1999-01-22 | Safety device of secondary battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990001925A KR20000051447A (en) | 1999-01-22 | 1999-01-22 | Safety device of secondary battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20000051447A true KR20000051447A (en) | 2000-08-16 |
Family
ID=19572036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990001925A KR20000051447A (en) | 1999-01-22 | 1999-01-22 | Safety device of secondary battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20000051447A (en) |
-
1999
- 1999-01-22 KR KR1019990001925A patent/KR20000051447A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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