KR20000042976A - Electrode group of a secondary cell - Google Patents

Electrode group of a secondary cell Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20000042976A
KR20000042976A KR1019980059274A KR19980059274A KR20000042976A KR 20000042976 A KR20000042976 A KR 20000042976A KR 1019980059274 A KR1019980059274 A KR 1019980059274A KR 19980059274 A KR19980059274 A KR 19980059274A KR 20000042976 A KR20000042976 A KR 20000042976A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
separator
electrode
electrode group
negative electrode
positive electrode
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KR1019980059274A
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Korean (ko)
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황태섭
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김순택
삼성에스디아이 주식회사
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Priority to KR1019980059274A priority Critical patent/KR20000042976A/en
Publication of KR20000042976A publication Critical patent/KR20000042976A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An electrode group of a secondary cell is provided to ensure the stability of the cell with the detachment of ; active materials prevented by improving the adherence of the active material between the separator and the electrodes. CONSTITUTION: A binder(36) is coated on the surface of a separator(34) for separating the two electrodes of a positive electrode(26) and a negative electrode(32) in order for the positive electrode(26) and the negative electrode(32) to be closely attached to the separator(34) while electrolyte solution is easily received with minute gaps(38) maintained. The separator(34) is manufactured with a sheet of a thickness of 25-30 micrometers. The minute gaps(38) is saturated with the electrolyte solution to uniformly distribute the electrolyte solution inside the cell.

Description

이차전지의 전극군Electrode group of secondary battery

본 발명은 이차전지의 전극군에 관한 것으로서, 좀 더 상세하게는 양극과 음극 그리고 두 전극 사이에 배치되는 세퍼레이터로 구성되는 전극군이 전지의 캔 내부로 삽입된 다음 전해액의 함침성을 향상시키고 세퍼레이터의 표면에 두 전극이 밀착될 수 있도록 하는 이차전지의 전극군에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an electrode group of a secondary battery, and more particularly, an electrode group consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between two electrodes is inserted into a can of the battery, and then the impregnation of the electrolyte is improved and the separator is separated. It relates to an electrode group of a secondary battery to allow two electrodes to be in close contact with the surface of the.

이차전지는 전해물질에 담겨지는 양극과 음극 사이를 연결했을 때 전해물질과 두 전극을 오가는 이온의 물리화학적 반응을 이용한 것으로써, 일차전지는 방전이 모두 되면 더 이상 사용할 수 없게 되는 반면에 이차전지는 방전에 의해 소모된 에너지를 충전기로 재충전하여 반복 사용할 수 있다.The secondary battery uses the physicochemical reaction of the electrolyte and the ions between the two electrodes when the anode and cathode are contained in the electrolyte, and the primary battery is no longer usable when the discharge is complete. Recharge the energy consumed by the discharge to the charger can be used repeatedly.

이러한 이차전지는 양극이나 음극 혹은 전해물질을 어떤 물질로 사용하냐에 따라 니켈카드뮴전지, 니켈수소전지, 리튬이온전지 및 리튬폴리머 전지 등으로 나뉘며, 형태적으로는 각형, 원통형 및 얇은 판형 전지로 구분된다.These secondary batteries are divided into nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries, depending on which materials are used as positive or negative electrodes or electrolytic materials. do.

이차전지는 전극군이 권취되어 캔의 내부에 전해물질과 함께 수납되고 캔의 개구가 밀봉된 구조로 되는데, 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이 전극군(2)은 세퍼레이터(4) 사이에 양극(6)과 음극(8)의 두 전극을 각각 배치하는 것으로, 양극(6)은 양극기재(10)의 양쪽 표면에 양극 활물질(12)이 도포되고, 음극(8)은 음극기재(14)의 양쪽 표면에 음극 활물질(16)이 도포되어진다.The secondary battery has a structure in which an electrode group is wound to be accommodated together with an electrolytic material in the can and an opening of the can is sealed. As shown in FIG. ), And the two electrodes of the cathode 8 are respectively disposed, and the cathode 6 is coated with the cathode active material 12 on both surfaces of the cathode substrate 10, and the anode 8 is formed on both sides of the anode substrate 14. The negative electrode active material 16 is applied to the surface.

상기 세퍼레이터(4)는 폴리 프로필렌(polypropylene) 또는 폴리 에틸렌(polyethylene)으로 제조되며 그 두께는 대략 25~30㎛로 성형되어 양극(6)과 음극(8)을 전기적으로 절연시키면서 충방전에 필요한 이온은 통과시키는 기능을 한다.The separator 4 is made of polypropylene or polyethylene and has a thickness of approximately 25 to 30 μm, so as to electrically insulate the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 8 while charging and discharging ions. Functions to pass.

특히, 리튬이차전지에 사용될 경우에 전지의 온도가 비이상적으로 상승하면, 130~150℃에서 쇼트 다운되어 안전성을 확보할 수 있다.In particular, when used in a lithium secondary battery, if the temperature of the battery rises non-ideally, it can be shorted down at 130 ~ 150 ℃ to ensure safety.

그러나, 이러한 세퍼레이터는 일반적으로 캔의 내부에 삽입되는 전해액에 대한 친수성과 보습성이 낮은 편이어서 캔의 전체에 전해액이 수용되는데 상당한 시간을 요하게 되고, 제대로 수용이 되지 않을 경우에는 부분적으로 전지의 충방전이 이루어지지 않게 되어 전지의 수명 특성이 열화될 수 있게 된다.However, these separators generally have low hydrophilicity and moisture retention for the electrolytes inserted into the cans, which requires a considerable time for the electrolytes to be contained in the entire can, and in some cases, the battery is partially charged. Since the discharge is not made, the life characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 본 발명은 전해액의 수용이 용이하게 이루어지도록 하여 전지의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 이차전지의 전극군을 제공하는 것이 목적이다.The present invention devised to solve this problem is to provide an electrode group of a secondary battery that can be made easy to accommodate the electrolyte solution to improve the performance of the battery.

이를 위하여, 양극과 음극의 두 전극을 분리시키는 세퍼레이터의 표면에 바인더로 도포하여 세퍼레이터에 양극과 음극이 밀착되도록 하고, 미세한 틈새를 유지하여 전해액이 용이하게 수용되도록 한다.To this end, by applying a binder to the surface of the separator that separates the two electrodes of the positive electrode and the negative electrode so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode is in close contact with the separator, the electrolyte is easily accommodated by maintaining a fine gap.

여기서, 바인더는 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드인 것을 사용할 수 있고, 바인더의 두께는 대략 10㎛ 정도이다.Here, the binder can use a polyvinylidene fluoride, and the thickness of a binder is about 10 micrometers.

이에 따라, 두 전극과 세퍼레이터 사이의 결합력이 좋이지고, 전해액이 골고루 수용될 수 있게 되었다.Accordingly, the bonding force between the two electrodes and the separator is good, and the electrolyte can be evenly accommodated.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 전극군의 단면을 확대하여 도시한 도면,1 is an enlarged view of a cross section of an electrode group according to the present invention;

도 2는 종래 공지된 전극군의 단면을 확대하여 도시한 도면.2 is an enlarged view of a cross section of a conventionally known electrode group;

* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

20 : 전극군 22, 28 : 기재20: electrode group 22, 28: substrate

24, 30 : 활물질 26 : 양극24, 30 active material 26 positive electrode

32 : 음극 34 : 세퍼레이터32: cathode 34: separator

36 : 바인더 38 : 틈새36: binder 38: crevice

이하 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명한다. 도 1에서는 본 발명에 따른 전극군의 단면 일부를 확대하여 나타내고 있다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 1, a part of the cross section of the electrode group which concerns on this invention is expanded and shown.

이차전지는 캔의 내부로 전극군과 전해액을 함께 수납하고, 캔의 개구를 캡 어셈블리로 밀봉하는 구조로 된다.The secondary battery has a structure in which the electrode group and the electrolyte are housed together in the can, and the opening of the can is sealed with a cap assembly.

여기서, 전극군(20)은 통상 스파이럴 상으로 권취되어 전극 롤을 형성한 후 삽입되어지는 데, 양극기재(22)에 양극 활물질(24)을 도포한 양극(26)과 음극기재(28)에 음극 활물질(30)을 도포한 음극(32)이 본 발명에 따른 세퍼레이터(34)의 양측에 밀착되어져 권취되는 것이다.Here, the electrode group 20 is usually wound onto a spiral to form an electrode roll, and then inserted into the positive electrode 26 and the negative electrode substrate 28 having the positive electrode active material 24 coated on the positive electrode substrate 22. The negative electrode 32 coated with the negative electrode active material 30 is wound on both sides of the separator 34 according to the present invention.

세퍼레이터(34)는 폴리 에틸렌, 폴리 프로필렌 또는 다공성 세라믹으로 제조가 가능하다.The separator 34 may be made of polyethylene, polypropylene or porous ceramics.

폴리 에틸렌으로 제조된 세퍼레이터는 비중이 1보다 작은 것이 특징으로 절연기능이 뛰어나 양극(26)과 음극(32)을 절연시키는 데 손색이 없다.The separator made of polyethylene has a specific gravity of less than 1, which is excellent in insulating function, so that the anode 26 and the cathode 32 are insulated.

폴리 프로필렌은 전해액에 대한 반응성이 없고 굴곡 피로성이 뛰어나 전극군(20)의 권취시 손상되는 일이 없다.The polypropylene has no reactivity with the electrolyte and has excellent bending fatigue, so that it is not damaged when the electrode group 20 is wound.

이러한 재질을 이용하여 세퍼레이터(34)는 25~30㎛ 정도 두께의 시트로 제조되어진다. 그리고, 본 발명의 특징에 따라 세퍼레이터(34)의 표면에 바인더(36)를 분사하여 대략 10㎛정도의 두께로 도포시킨다.Using this material, the separator 34 is made of a sheet having a thickness of about 25 to 30 μm. The binder 36 is sprayed onto the surface of the separator 34 in accordance with a feature of the present invention to apply a thickness of approximately 10 μm.

상기 바인더(36)로는 폴리비닐리덴 폴로라이드(이하 PVDF)를 사용한다.As the binder 36, polyvinylidene fluoride (hereinafter referred to as PVDF) is used.

이렇게 PVDF가 도포된 세퍼레이터(34)는 표면에 접착성분을 띠게 되어 그 양쪽 표면에 배치되는 양극(26)과 음극(32)은 도면에서 도시한 바와 같이 밀착되어진다.Thus, the separator 34 coated with PVDF has an adhesive component on the surface thereof so that the positive electrode 26 and the negative electrode 32 disposed on both surfaces thereof are in close contact as shown in the drawing.

그리고, 세퍼레이터(34)와 두 전극(26)(32)의 사이에 미세한 틈새(38)가 형성되어짐으로써 전극 롤로 권취된 다음 전해액과 함께 캔의 내부에 수납되어지면, 틈새(38)를 통해 전해액이 스며들어가게 되어 전해액이 전지의 내부 골고루 수용될 수 있게 되었다.Then, when a fine gap 38 is formed between the separator 34 and the two electrodes 26 and 32 and wound up with an electrode roll and then stored in the can together with the electrolyte, the electrolyte through the gap 38. This soaking allows the electrolyte to be evenly contained inside the battery.

또한, 전지의 충방전시 전극롤이 팽창과 수축을 반복하게 되는데, 이 때 전극과 세퍼레이터 사이에 밀착된 상태가 됨으로써 전극 롤의 전체에서 고른 팽창율을 보이게 되어 활물질의 탈락에 의해 쇼트가 발생되는 것도 방지할 수 있게 되었다.In addition, during charging and discharging of the battery, the electrode roll repeatedly expands and contracts. At this time, the electrode roll is in close contact with the electrode and the separator, thereby exhibiting an even expansion ratio in the entire electrode roll. It became possible to prevent it.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 실시예는 종래의 문제점을 실질적으로 해소하고 있다.As described above, the embodiment of the present invention substantially solves the conventional problems.

즉, 세퍼레이터의 양쪽 표면에 PVDF를 10㎛의 두께로 분사 도포하여 접착력을 가미시킴으로써 세퍼레이터의 양측에 밀착되는 양극과 음극이 부착되어진 상태로 권취되어져 캔의 내부로 수납되어진다.That is, by spray-coating PVDF to both surfaces of the separator with a thickness of 10 µm to apply an adhesive force, the positive electrode and the negative electrode which are in close contact with both sides of the separator are wound and are stored inside the can.

이에 따라, 전지의 내부로 주입되는 전해액이 PVDF에 의해 형성된 틈새로 용이하게 스며들어 캔의 전체에서 골고루 분포하게 되었다.As a result, the electrolyte solution injected into the cell easily penetrated into the gap formed by the PVDF and was evenly distributed throughout the can.

또한, 세퍼레이터와 전극 사이에 밀착성을 향상시켜 전지의 충방전시 활물질이 탈락되는 것을 방지하게 되어 전지의 안전성도 확보하게 되었다.In addition, the adhesion between the separator and the electrode is improved to prevent the active material from falling off during charging and discharging of the battery, thereby securing battery safety.

전술한 실시예는 원통형 이차전지 뿐만 아니라 각형 이차전지 뿐만 아니라, 세퍼레이터가 사용되어지는 전극군을 포함하는 모든 이차전지에 적용 가능함을 밝혀두는 바이다.The above-described embodiment is found to be applicable to not only cylindrical secondary batteries but also rectangular secondary batteries, as well as all secondary batteries including an electrode group in which a separator is used.

Claims (3)

양극기재에 양극 활물질이 도포되는 양극과, 음극기재에 음극 활물질이 도포되는 음극과, 상기 양극과 음극을 분리시키는 세퍼레이터로 구성되는 이차전지의 전극군에 있어서,In the electrode group of the secondary battery which consists of a positive electrode to which the positive electrode active material is applied to the positive electrode base material, a negative electrode to which the negative electrode active material is applied to the negative electrode base material, and a separator separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode, 상기 세퍼레이터(34)의 표면에 바인더(36)가 도포되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지의 전극군.The electrode group of the secondary battery, characterized in that the binder 36 is coated on the surface of the separator (34). 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 바인더(36)는 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드인 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지의 전극군.The electrode group of a secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the binder (36) is polyvinylidene fluoride. 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 바인더(36)는 10㎛ 정도의 두께로 도포되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지의 전극군.The electrode group of a secondary battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the binder (36) is coated with a thickness of about 10 μm.
KR1019980059274A 1998-12-28 1998-12-28 Electrode group of a secondary cell KR20000042976A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100659849B1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-12-19 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Can for Lithium Secondary Battery and Lithium Secondary Battery using the Same
US9722224B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-08-01 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Coated separator and electrochemical device including the same
US10256501B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-04-09 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Secondary battery

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100659849B1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-12-19 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Can for Lithium Secondary Battery and Lithium Secondary Battery using the Same
US9722224B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-08-01 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Coated separator and electrochemical device including the same
US10256501B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-04-09 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Secondary battery

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