KR20000022024A - Installation for fighting fire - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device is provided for the installation for fighting fire, which is produced by detail fog when the pressure acculator is used. CONSTITUTION: The installation for fighting fire comprises a hydraulic accumulator (1') which comprises at least one pressure container (2') with a space (5') for extinguishing liquid and a space (17') for propellant gas, a rising tube (7') arranged in the pressure container and provided with a side opening (13' to 15') and, at the lower part of the pressure container, a feed opening (16') for feeding extinguishing liquid into the rising tube and further to at least one nozzle (10' to 12'). In order to obtain an extremely small drop size of the extinguishing liquid at the final stage of the emptying of the pressure container and in order to manage with a very small amount of extinguishing liquid, the rising tube (7') has a throttle (18') in an area below the uppermost side opening (13').

Description

Fire extinguishing equipment

Such a plant is known, for example, from WO 94/08659. The principle of operation is that only extinguishing fluid in the form of a mist initially penetrates from the nozzle, and then gas is mixed into the liquid through the lateral opening. The decrease in pressure in the pressure container generally produces a larger drop size spray from the nozzle. By the gas supply, the droplet size of the extinguishing liquid discharged from the nozzle can be reduced. Most of these known facilities work very well; However, in some applications, it is required to be able to further reduce the size of the droplets discharged from the nozzles after the initial spraying with larger penetration than is possible with known hydraulic accumulators and nozzles. Mixing a large amount of gas into a small amount of liquid is relatively difficult to implement. Expansion of the lateral openings in the riser tube may not produce the desired result, but by reducing the diameter of the riser tube, it is possible to improve the mixing of the gas to some extent. However, the reduction in the diameter of the riser tube increases the pressure loss as the flow resistance of the liquid in the riser tube increases, and sufficient extinguishing fluid cannot be obtained from the pressure container when emptying the container. By making it possible to generate very small droplets, the amount of extinguishing liquid used can be minimized, and at the same time water damage can be minimized if water is used as the extinguishing liquid. It was not always possible to achieve such a degree as desired.

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system, comprising: at least one pressure container including a space for a fire extinguishing liquid and a space for a propulsion gas; and a rise in a pressure container having a supply opening for supplying a fire extinguishing liquid to a rising tube at a lower side of the pressure container and a lateral opening; A fire extinguishing system comprising a tube and a hydraulic accumulator further comprising at least one nozzle.

The invention is described as follows with reference to one embodiment by way of the accompanying drawings:

1 shows the prior art,

2 shows the details of FIG. 1,

3 shows the present invention,

4 shows details of FIG.

The present invention provides a means by which a very finely divided mist can be easily produced at the end of the evolution when a pressure accumulator is used, after the beginning of the evolution as a liquid spray such as a mist having a large penetration capacity and a relatively large droplet size. By a new fire extinguishing system. If desired, this facility can be easily realized by mixing the gas into the extinguishing liquid already at the beginning of the emptying of the pressure container.

In order to generate such a digestive fluid of very finely divided mist into very small droplets, the invention is characterized in that the riser tube of the pressure container has a throttle in the area below the lateral opening. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the appended claims 2 to 13.

By placing the throttle below the lowest lateral opening, the gas can efficiently flow through all the lateral openings when the liquid height is lowered below the lowest lateral opening. If the throttle is positioned above the lowest lateral opening, only liquid flows through the lowest lateral opening at the end of the pressure container emptying.

By arranging the lateral openings in at least three different heights in the riser tube, good results can be achieved for many applications. In some cases, it may be possible to arrange the lateral openings only at two different heights, or only one lateral opening.

Preferably, the pressure container is filled with water or a water based liquid, and a gas source filled with nitrogen and having a pressure in the range of about 60 to 200 bar is connected to the pressure container. By using nitrogen, very small droplets of digestive fluid are obtained when nitrogen and water are mixed. The digestive fluid is slightly heavier than air and therefore sinks to the bottom of the sprayed room. After some time, nitrogen is released from the water fog and rises in the room. As nitrogen rises, the oxygen capacity in the room decreases, thus extinguishing effects are achieved.

The basic idea of the present invention is that a relatively large pressure difference is achieved outside and inside the riser tube by the throttle. As a result of the pressure difference, when the liquid water level passes through the height of the lateral openings / lateral openings, the gas flows efficiently through the lateral openings / lateral openings from the outside of the rising tube into the rising tube and thus Efficient mixing of the gas with the liquid exiting the riser tube occurs. Such efficient gas flow is not achieved in the conventional structure, as contrary to conjectured, the pressure difference between the outside and inside of the riser tube is very small. In the conventional structure, the gas flows through the lateral opening, flows in the rising tube at high speed, and generates a negative pressure pulling along the gas in the lateral opening, contrary to the conjectured, through the emitter effect as the digestive fluid.

The greatest advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to mix incombustible gases very efficiently in trace amounts of extinguishing fluid, so that extinguishing fluid mist is achieved in the form of a mixture of gas and liquid, including very small droplets, by spraying through a suitable nozzle. And the droplet size is about 10-50 μm, which means that the fire extinguishes very efficiently when, as usual, is suppressed by a liquid mist that is initially larger than about 50-250 μm. It is also conceivable that a constant droplet size, for example 10 to 50 μm, can last for the entire fire extinguishing operation. Such extinguishing fluid mist can be initially sprayed to fill the entire room, and then, by the composition of the non-combustible gas, if the mixture of liquid and gas is heavier than air, it will sink towards the bottom and then the liquid and gas If the gaseous components of the mixture are lighter than air, they are released from the liquid and rise after a certain time. The liquid mist, on the other hand, sinks.

1 shows the prior art, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic accumulator constituting a pressure container 2 for a liquid. A gas bottle 4 is connected to the pressure container 2 via a valve 3b and a conduit 3a. The space 5 of the pressure container 2 contains water, the volume of which is generally about 50 liters. The gas container 4 is about 50 liters in volume and contains nitrogen or some other non-combustible gas. The pressure in the gas container is generally from 100 to 300 bar before extinguishing begins. The advantage of using nitrogen is that, as indicated above, an appropriate weight for the digestive fluid is obtained so that the digestive fluid can initially settle to the bottom and the gaseous component of the digestive fluid can rise later.

The pressure container 2 rises up to the gas supply pipe 6 connected to the conduit 3a and to the external supply pipe 8 via the valve 9 extending from the pressure container and leading to the plurality of nozzles 10 to 12. It consists of a tube (7). The number of nozzles can of course vary. The riser tube 7 has a plurality of lateral openings 13 to 15 spaced apart from each other and a feed opening 16 at the lower end.

When the plant is operated according to FIG. 1, the valve 9 is open and the valve 3b remains open. Nitrogen gas is then supplied to the top of the pressure container, ie to the space 17, in which an initial pressure is formed, for example, 180 bar. Nitrogen functions as a propulsion gas to propel water from the pressure container (2). Water flows through the supply openings 16 of the riser tube 7, and more or less through the lateral openings 13 to 15 as a result of the gas pressure. During emptying the pressure space, the water height 19 goes down, thereby increasing the volume of the gas space 17. Initially, only water flows through the riser tube 7 until the water level 19 goes down to where the lateral opening 13 is located. Nitrogen gas begins to mix into the water when the nitrogen gas flows through the lateral opening 13. The gas pressure drops below 180 bar when the water level sinks to the height of the lateral opening 13. As the emptying of the pressure container 2 proceeds, at the same time as the pressure drops in the pressure container, the water level gradually reaches the height at which the lateral opening 14 is located. Nitrogen gas is then also supplied through the lateral opening 14. Emptying the pressure container 2 continues until the lateral opening 15 is passed through and the water is emptied in the pressure space.

When the pressure container 2 is emptied in the manner described above along FIG. 1, it is impossible to obtain very small droplets, for example from 10 to 20 μm, at the end of the emptying process. This is due to the fact that the main propulsion force for gas to flow through the lateral openings 13 to 15 is based on the effect of the emitter of the water jet flowing in the riser tube 7. This emitter effect can be increased when the diameter d1 (refer to FIG. 2, which represents the portion of the riser tube 7) is reduced: the reduced diameter d1 results in a faster flow of water, which in turn It produces stronger suction and release effects. However, this does not make it possible to use very small diameters d1 because in this case it is not possible to obtain a sufficiently large flow rate per unit time. In FIG. 2, since the pressure p1 outside the riser tube 7 is very close to the pressure p2 in the riser tube, it is possible to generate a flow of nitrogen gas through the lateral opening 15 by the pressure difference of p1-p2. Not. This is the case when only a small number of nozzles which are primarily operated, for example only the nozzle 11, are released. If a larger series of nozzles 10 to 12 are discharged, a small pressure difference of p1-p2 can be achieved, but large enough to make the mixing of the gases very efficient, which is necessary to keep the droplet size of the digestive fluid very small. The pressure difference cannot be achieved.

3 shows a simple embodiment of a plant according to the invention. Reference numerals are used to coincide with corresponding parts in FIG.

The invention in FIG. 3 differs from the known structure in FIG. 1 in that the gas is controlled by the throttle 18 'at the bottom of the riser tube 7'. The throttle 18 'is formed by shrinking below the lowest lateral opening 15' at the lower end of the riser tube 7 '. The throttle 18 'forms a hole 18' with a diameter d2 = 0.5 mm, while the nominal diameter d1 of the riser tube 7 'is mainly in the range of 8 to 15 mm. The hole 18 'is preferably 4 mm in diameter d2 = 0.2 and most preferably 0.3 to 2 mm. The choice of diameter d2 for the aperture 18 'depends on many factors, including the shape of the nozzles 10' 11 '12', the number of nozzles, the propulsion pressure in the gas container 4 ', the gas type, the riser tube. A diameter d1 of 7 ', the size and number of lateral openings 13' to 15 ', the intended use of the installation, ie the type of fire to extinguish.

As a result of the throttle 18 '. In the lateral openings 13 '14' 15 ', a larger pressure difference p1-p2 is formed outside and inside the riser tube 7'. For example, this pressure differential, which may be a steady state of 50 bar, is the lateral opening 13 'to 15' when the water level in the pressure container 2 'is lowered to a height below the lateral opening 13'. ) Causes nitrogen gas to flow in efficiently. Due to the fact that gas can flow efficiently into the lateral opening as the pressure container 2 'is emptied, as a result, very small droplets of five sprays exiting the nozzles 10' to 12 'at the end of the evolution It is possible to get the size. The system functions continuously so that the gas / water ratio is determined by the position of the water height 19 'in the pressure container 2'. Initially, the lateral openings 13 'through 15' and the feed opening 16 'supply only water through the throttle 18' into the riser tube 7 '. When the water height 19 'reaches the lateral opening 13', the lateral opening 13 'begins to supply gas into the riser tube 7', while the remaining lateral opening 14 15 'and supply opening 16' supply water through throttle 18 '. At this water level, the pressure is still relatively high, so that the amount of gas required to obtain small droplets is relatively small. If the remaining parameters remain unchanged, the drop size increases with falling pressure. Therefore, when the pressure drops, a lot of gas is continuously required to obtain small droplets. As the water level sinks to the lateral opening 14 ', the amount of gas increases and the amount of water decreases. This is due to the fact that both the lateral openings 13 'and 14' supply gas, whereas only the lateral opening 15 'and the supply opening 16' supply water through the throttle 18 '. do. When the water level reaches a height below the lateral opening 15 ', the amount of gas mixed is very large compared to the amount of water flowing only from the feed opening 16' through the throttle 18 '.

Sprayheads or sprinklers equipped with nozzles are of the type shown in International Publications WO 92/20453, WO092 / 22353 and WO094 / 16771.

If the throttle 18 'is formed into a hole having a diameter d2 smaller than the diameter of the lateral openings 13' through 15 ', the pressure difference p1-p2 becomes very large and liquid can flow through the lateral opening. . The diameter of the lateral opening is preferably between 0.5 and 5 mm, most preferably between 1 and 3 mm. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the riser tube 7 'has one lateral opening 13' with a diameter of 2 mm at the top, two lateral openings 15 'with a diameter of 2 mm at the bottom, and the side Since there is one lateral opening 14 'with a diameter of 2 mm in the middle between the directional openings 13' and 15 ', the pressure container 2' is divided into four regions (I to IV) of approximately the same size. Since there are three lateral openings 13 'to 15' located at a distance from each other, the lowest lateral opening 15 'is located under the rising tube 7' and the best lateral opening 15 'is located. Located at the top of the riser tube 7 ', efficient mixing of the gas into the water takes place over a long time while the pressure container 2' is emptied. By making the passage 15 'below the top larger than the rest of the lateral openings, the most efficient mixing of the gas takes place near the end of emptying the pressure container 2'. Since gas mixing is efficient, even a small amount of water is sufficient. In FIG. 3, the volume of the pressure container 2 'is only 5 liters compared to 50 liters (l) of FIG.

In FIG. 3, the throttle 18 'is disposed below the lowest lateral opening 15', so that a large pressure difference is obtained at all lateral openings 13 'to 15', which is as large as possible. It is advantageous for attempts to mix the gas with water. However, it is conceivable that the throttle 18 'may be arranged in different positions, for example between the lateral openings 13' and 14 ', so that a large pressure difference may be achieved only in the lateral opening 13'. have. What is important in the present invention is that the throttle 18 'can be arranged below the highest lateral opening 13', so that a large pressure difference can be obtained at least in this lateral opening, and the water height is below this lateral opening. As it descends into the air, it causes gas to flow through the lateral opening.

The water in the pressure container 2 may or may not contain additives.

Instead of nitrogen, the gas container 4 'may contain some other incombustible gas, such as argon or carbon dioxide. If the gas can later be raised so that the extinguishing effect is achieved at a higher point in the room, a light noncombustible gas is better than air. In conclusion, nitrogen is good to use.

The invention has been described above with reference to only one embodiment and it is therefore pointed out that the invention can be varied in detail in various ways within the scope of the enclosed claims. The throttle can thus be made, for example, as a hole made in the pipe wall of the riser tube at the lower end of the rising tube. Thus, the number of lateral openings of the riser tube may be more than shown in the figure. It is also conceivable that, although at least two lateral openings arranged at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the riser tube are better, there can be only one lateral opening. The sole function of the valve 9 'is to stop the supply of liquid to the nozzle; Therefore, the valve is not necessary for the present invention.

Claims (13)

Feeding digestive fluid into the riser tube from at least one pressure container 2 'having a digestive fluid space 5' and a space for propulsion gas 17 ', lateral openings 13' to 15 'and under the pressure container In the fire extinguishing system, comprising a hydraulic accumulator having a rising tube 7 'in a pressure container and a at least one nozzle 10' to 12 'provided with a supply opening 16'. Fire fighting equipment, characterized in that the rise tube (7 ') has a throttle (18') in the region below the lateral opening (13 '). The lift tube (7 ') is characterized in that it has at least two lateral openings (13' to 15 ') spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the lift tube (18') over the throttle (18 '). Fire extinguishing equipment. 3. Fire-extinguishing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the throttle (18 ') is arranged below the lateral opening (15') at the bottom of the riser tube (7 '). The fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the throttle is formed by the reduction of the riser tube (7 '), the reduction of which forms a hole with a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm in the riser tube. 5. Fire extinguishing system according to claim 4, characterized in that the holes (18 ') have a diameter of 0.3 to 2 mm. 3. The pressure container according to claim 2, wherein the rising tube (7 ') has at least three lateral openings (13' to 15 ') located at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the rising tube. The space (5 ') for the digestive fluid of (2') is divided into regions (II, III) having no lateral opening. 7. The plant according to claim 6, wherein the distance between the lateral openings (13 'to 15') is essentially the same length. 7. The plant according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the lateral openings (13 'to 15') is 0.5 to 5 mm. 9. A plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the diameter of the lateral openings (13 'to 15') is between 1 and 3 mm. 10. The tube according to claim 9, wherein the riser tube 7 'is lower than the diameter of the lateral openings 13' and 14 'located higher in the riser tube, at a distance from the feed opening 16' of the riser tube. A facility characterized in that it has at least one lateral opening (15 ') with a large diameter. The plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas source (4 ') is connected to the pressure container (2') to supply propellant gas to the pressure container (2 '). 12. The plant according to claim 11, wherein the gas source is formed by a pressure vessel (4 ') filled with incombustible gas. 13. The plant according to claim 12, wherein the pressure vessel is a nitrogen vessel (4 ') filled at a pressure of 30 to 300 bar.