KR20000015914A - Device for opening and closing a sliding door, in particular for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device for opening and closing a sliding door is provided to firmly open and close the door while having a simple structure and occupying a small space. CONSTITUTION: The invention relates to a device provided with a driving unit (1) which performs the shift and has a linear drive (8, 12) provided with an electric motor (5), and a guide device (9, 11). The driven member, formed to be linear, of the linear drive (12) and a member of the guide device (9) are fastened on one hand to the door (3), and the driving member of the linear drive(5, 7, 8) and the other member of the guide device (11) are fastened on the other hand to a mounting (6) which is supported by way of a support arrangement (22, 23, 24, 25, 26) connected to the wall (4). Said support arrangement converts a movement of the mounting substantially perpendicular to the wall into a swinging movement. A locking unit driven by an electric motor is also provided which locks and unlocks the sliding door by performing a movement perpendicular to the wall when it is positioned to close the opening. Control means which has position switches controls the driving and locking unit.

Description

Device for opening and closing vehicle sliding door

Recently, the necessity of automatically opening and closing sliding doors in a taxi, a freight vehicle, an ambulance, etc. for some uses has increased.

WO 93/17211 discloses a device for opening and closing a horizontally movable vehicle door having an endless screw connected to a vehicle body. This endless screw is housed in the rail. Arranged on this screw is a carriage that is movable in a parallel movement on the rail and the endless screw is driven by a motor. The carriage is connected to the door via a damping connecting rod which preferably takes an angle of less than 25 ° with respect to the endless screw. Furthermore, a lock or unlock device is provided in the vehicle and the lock or unlock is accomplished via electromagnetic.

The present invention relates in particular to a device for opening and closing a sliding door for a vehicle.

Sliding doors are provided for vehicles, such as minibuses or transportation vehicles, in which access to the interior of the vehicle is made by the side. Such a sliding door is configured in a manner movable in at least one guide rail along the vehicle body in an open state which terminates equally with the surrounding vehicle body in a closed or locked position and is offset parallel to the side surface.

1 is a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a running unit across a sliding door;

2 is a schematic view of a lever device of an embodiment according to FIG. 1 further provided with a collision protection device,

3 is a side view of an embodiment of a locking unit,

4 is a view of the lock unit according to FIG. 3;

5A is a schematic diagram of a portion of a running unit and a lock unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

5b shows a view of the device according to FIG. 5a across a sliding door;

6 is a schematic diagram of a running unit and a lock unit according to another embodiment of the present invention across a sliding door;

7 is locked and corresponding to FIG. 6, FIG.

8 is a schematic view of the locking unit parallel to the wall and according to FIGS. 6 and 7, and

9 is an exploded view of the pivot lever.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for reliably opening or closing a door and for opening and closing a sliding door that is simple in structure and occupies a small space. This is solved by the features described in claim 1.

Advantageous improvements and improvements are possible by the method described in the dependent claims. According to the present invention, an apparatus for opening and closing a sliding door has a running unit having a linear driving portion with an electric motor and a guiding device for executing movement. In this case, one of the linearly driven member and one member of the guiding device is mounted to the door, and the driving member of the linear driving part and the other of the other member of the guiding device are connected to the wall through a supporting device connected to the wall. It is connected to the supported mounting part. The support device has at least one pivot lever, each mounted in a connecting manner, one side of which is connected to the bearing and the other of which is connected to a bearing connected to the wall and the lever converts the movement of the mounting portion which is substantially perpendicular to the wall into pivoting movement. Doing. Furthermore, the lock unit driven by the electric motor locks and unlocks the sliding door at the position of closing the hole by performing a movement perpendicular to the wall. The control unit with position switch controls the running and locking unit.

Composition and Action of the Invention

Due to this configuration, the device for opening and closing the sliding door can be installed in such a manner that the design of the space can be saved by switching the movement of the mounting unit of the running unit which is relatively simple in structure and substantially perpendicular to the wall to the pivoting movement.

The lock unit includes a linearly movable lock member and a catch member engaged with the lock member, wherein the lock member and / or catch member are configured in such a manner that the engaging process is performed simultaneously in a motion perpendicular to the wall. This is preferably achieved in that the outer surfaces of the locking member and / or catch member are configured in a sloping manner.

It is particularly advantageous to arrange the trough-shaped support part such that the linear drive part with the electric motor and the guide device as well as the mounting part of the running unit form a pre-assembleable unit. This arrangement allows the pivoting movement of the pivot lever or other pivot levers to be carried out in the horizontal plane, with the lever in the fully open and fully closed position conveniently located at the outside of the dead center and Is defined as the position where the pivot lever is positioned parallel to the wall and forms an angle of 90 ° with the other lever.

Only one electric motor with a pinion is provided in the running unit and the lock unit, and the lock unit's toothed rack is connected to the running unit on the door in such a way that the pinion is continuously engaged with one toothed rack and then the other toothed rack. It is particularly advantageous to be arranged adjacent to the toothed rack of. This arrangement makes the device according to the invention simpler and less expensive to configure.

A device which opens and closes due to the installation of a collision protection device which connects to the control device and turns off the electric motor of the rotating unit or changes its rotation direction upon application of a predetermined force on the door opposite to the movement can be used for passenger transportation. Do. A simple mechanical collision protection device is provided in which the bearings of the pivot lever are limited and tunably mounted and moveable with respect to the pretensioning force, or the lever itself is extended or contracted with respect to the tunable spring force. A switching device is provided which is connected and which generates a signal for triggering an electric motor depending on the movement path. Because of this configuration, the force exerted on the latter when sliding to close the door is transmitted directly to the bearing with pretensioning force due to an obstacle in the opening of the door, such as a human arm or hand, which force is pretensioned. When greater than the ning force, a signal is sent to the control unit which is switched on the bearing installed in the bearing and addressed to the electric motor. By doing so, this switching device can be of different construction and all possible types can accommodate, for example, electromechanical switches, induction capacitor-magnetic piezoelectric switching devices and the like.

Preferably the sensor is subject to oscillatory motion due to the acceleration force greater than the force required to switch the switching device at the beginning of the slide movement from the open position to the closed position and also due to the frictional force at the end of the movement path which is also greater than the switching force. The impulse protection member can be deactivated and can detect the start and end of the movement path and transmit a corresponding signal to the control device as it can be reacted and also generate this oscillation motion.

The lock unit is preferably arranged in such a way that a lock member or catch member is provided at a position where a lock of the sliding door is normally provided. By this means, the installation of the lock unit does not need to be formally authorized.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and described in more detail in the following description.

The apparatus for opening and closing the vehicle sliding door is shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 and consists of a running unit 1 (see FIG. 1) and a lock unit 2 (see FIG. 3), and the running unit 1 is connected to the vehicle. Substantially the movement of the sliding door 3 in the longitudinal direction and the lock unit 2 ensures the movement of opening or closing the sliding door 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In the open state, the sliding door 3 is offset in parallel to the vehicle body and travels in at least one guide portion provided in the vehicle body, but not shown, which guide portion is curved slightly inwardly. In the area of the hole, the sliding door 3 moves in the hole in a longitudinally coupled movement in the longitudinal direction with respect to the wall and perpendicular to the wall, whereby the closing or locking passage controlled by the locking unit 2 is It becomes smaller, ie the door is forcibly controlled by the guide so that only a very small space closes the vehicle body bridged by the lock unit 2.

As its main driving part, the running unit has an electric motor 5 fixed to the base plate 6. The motor shaft 7 of the electric motor 5 rotates freely through the base plate and supports the drive pinion 8. The linear guide rail 9 extending over the entire width of the sliding door 3 is firmly connected to the sliding door 3 via the retaining bracket 10. The linear guide rail 9 is installed on the traveling carriage bolted to the base plate 6 or vice versa. Similarly attached to the retaining bracket 10 over the entire width of the sliding door 3 is the toothed rack 12 in engagement with the pinion 8 driven by the electric motor 5.

In the vicinity of the edge, the linear guide rail 9, which is not shown, extends in the longitudinal direction on each side of the edge and has a cross section in the shape of a spherical portion. The traveling carriage 11 is provided on the linear guide rail 9 in a U or dovetail shape. In the position provided in the guide groove, the traveling carriage 11 has a recess for accommodating one row of balls in such a manner that four rows of balls are installed to run in the stationary guide groove of the linear guide rail 9. Attached firmly to the base plate 6 at about the center of the rectangular traveling carriage 11 is a bearing 26 which is firmly connected to the chassis 4 of the vehicle via the second ball-socket joint 25. It is a lever 22 connected to the bar 24 to be coupled through the first ball-socket joint 23. The bearing 26 may be provided in the region of the step of the opening of the vehicle or at another suitable point, ie at the bottom of the vehicle.

In FIG. 2, a part of the device according to FIG. 1 is provided here with a collision protection device 40. In this case the bearing 26 is fixed to a moving part 41 having two bores for receiving the slide bush 43 arranged in each case on the axle 42 in the embodiment specified. The axle 42 is fixed by the mounting portion 44 connected to the chassis 4. The mounting portion 41 has a bracket in which the slide bush 43 and the movable portion 41 are arranged, and allows the longitudinal movement of the movable portion 41 in the set boundary. Provided between the mounting portion 44 and the moving portion 41 is a compression spring 46 arranged on the shaft 45, which compression arm 46 is an arm bracket 47 connected to the mounting portion 44. ) And a nut 48 connected to the sliding portion 41. The pretensioning force exerted by the compression spring on the moving part 41 is adjustable. This is met for example as far as possible when a plurality of bores 63 are installed on the shaft 45. The pretensioning path and the pretensioning force of the spring 46 are set with the aid of the disk 62 and the pin 61 which are pressed into one of the bores. Arranged in the mounting portion 44 is a microswitch 49 and this switch contact is achieved with the moving portion 41. The microswitch 49 is not illustrated and is in particular connected to a control device for controlling the electric motor 5 of the running unit 1. As for the moving part 41, the compression spring 46, and the micro switch 49 which slide on the sliding bush 43, the force in the direction of movement of the door toward the open position in consideration of the transmission loss is the compression force of the spring 46 The collision protection device which is started when larger is formed together so that the moving part 41 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 50 (the moving direction to the open position).

Of course, different designs of collision protection device 40 may be provided. For example, only one axle 42 with a slide bush 43 can be provided. The main point is that the bearing 26 is movably mounted with respect to the pretensioning force and the switch is activated in its longitudinal movement. Equally, a crash protection device 40 according to FIG. 9 can be provided which provides a fixed bearing 26 and a pivot lever 24 (70 in another embodiment) with variable length. In this case, it comprises a telescopic rod 70, the components 78 and 80 of which can be pressed against each other against the force of the spring 72. Depending on the arrangement of components 78 and 80, the telescopic rod may be configured as a tension or compression model. The pretensioning force of the spring 72 can be adjusted with the threaded joint 74. With the setting force to have a constant change in the length of the stretching rod 70, the initiator 76 is operated and the initiator is not shown and in particular a control device for controlling the electric motor 5 of the running unit 1. Is connected to.

3 and 4, the lock unit 2 is operated together with the running unit 1 and is not shown and is connected to the chassis 4 of the vehicle or the control unit connected to the wall through the retaining plate 31. I have an electric motor. On the shaft 32 of the motor 30 is the pinion 33 in engagement with the toothed rack 34. The sawtooth rack passes through a guide that is firmly connected to the chassis without exemplifying in more detail, and the chassis normally has a locking member 35 at its end, indicated by a latch and in contact with the catch member fastened to the door. As shown in FIG. 4, the locking member 35 has an inclined surface and the catch member 36 has a curved surface. Moving the serrated rack or locking member 35 forward by the inclined surface of the locking member 35 sliding along the curved surface of the catch member 36 causes the door 3 to be pulled in the direction indicated by arrow 33. . The catch member 36 and the locking member 35 can also be configured in different ways, the main point being that the door 3 is moved perpendicular to the wall while the locking member 35 is moved to the locked position. to be. This applies to delivery to open positions.

The catch member 36 and the locking member 35, i.e. the toothed rack, should be arranged in such a way that a passively lockable lock which is normally provided at the position where the sliding door or lock of the vehicle is fitted is used.

In order to control the lock unit 2, the guide of the toothed rack 34 is provided with an end switch 37 which is operated together with the limit stop 38 fixed to the toothed rack 34 and connected to the control device.

The operating modes of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are as follows.

When the sliding door 3 is moved from the open position to the closed position, which is offset in parallel to the wall of the vehicle, the electric motor 5 is operated via a changeover switch from the control device. The control device can be connected, for example, to an input keyboard on the instrument panel of the vehicle and a command to open and close the sliding door 3 can be input by the operator via the keyboard. In the fully open position of the sliding door, the elevating device consisting of the lever 22, the bar 24 and the ball-socket joint is in the position shown in FIG.

After turning on the electric motor 5, the drive pinion 8 is rotated and moved on the toothed rack 12, so that the door 3 is moved in the longitudinal direction opposite to the arrow 50 while at the same time the linear guide rail 9 ) Slides on the traveling carriage 11. When the sliding door 3 is moved along the sliding door guide fitted to the vehicle body 4, the guide curved in such a way that there is only a completely small space between the door 3 and the vehicle body when the door is positioned in front of the door opening. It can be forcibly guided on the body at the end of the longitudinal movement by the part or at a hole in the body.

While guiding the door to open, the bar 24 is pivoted through the joints 23, 25 in the horizontal plane, ie in the plane of FIG. 2, ie around the bearing 26. Provided in the area of the linear guide rail 9 is an end position switch which can be inductively, capacitively, mechanically and optically and connected to the control device, which is a sliding position of the sliding door 3. Sends a signal to the control unit located at the position opposite the door opening. The control device then turns off the electric motor 5 and turns on the motor 30 of the lock unit 2 which moves the toothed rack 34 through the pinion 33. In this way the sliding door 3 is completely pulled into the door opening by the interaction of the locking member 35 and the catch member 34 and the bar 24 is on the other side as the bar 24 is in the open position. Is pivoted to a final position that takes approximately the same angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The main factor is that the bars 24 of the door are pivoted beyond the dead center of the pivoting movement, which makes the starting movement easy. In this case the dead center is defined as the position where the bar 24 is placed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, ie 90 ° with respect to the lever 22.

If an obstacle, for example a person or a person's arm or hand, prevents the door from moving while closing the sliding door 3, the force is linear guide rail 9, travel carriage 11, lever 22, joint 23. ), Bar 24 and joint 25 are exerted on bearing 26, with the result that the door is moved longitudinally against the force of compression spring 46. In this way, this moving part 41 acts on the switching member of the micro switch 49 which transmits a switching signal to the control device. The control device immediately turns off the electric motor 5 of the running unit 1 or switches the motor in the opposite direction of rotation, so that the door is moved once again in the direction defined by the arrow 50. In this embodiment, the collision protection device 40 may be referred to as a "reversible device." In this way, collision of persons or objects is prevented during the closing of the door.

The collision protection device of FIG. 9 functions in an analog manner.

The spring 46 or 72 allows adjustment of the switching force at the beginning of what is called collision protection. It must be of such size that no injury occurs. The acceleration force generated at the start to move the door 3 from the open position to the closed position is usually greater than the setting switching force, so that the control device can immediately turn off the motor 5 again. This should be avoided and a sensor such as a proximity switch is effective for example over 2 cm when the door starts to move and signals to the control that the collision protection device is deactivated or stopped. In the same way, the frictional force at the end of the movement path of the door is greater than the switching force and as a result the crash protection device 40 is once again started. Therefore, at the end of the movement path, the collision protection device is operated over a very small movement path.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, a mechanical collision protection device is provided. Of course, the electric collision protection device enables the force acting on the door to be detected via the force sensor and the control program to be determined by the microcomputer, whether or not an anomalous force condition occurs. In this embodiment, the bearing 26 of FIG. 1 is provided.

The operation of the sliding door occurs in the same way as the reverse order.

5a and 5b show another embodiment of the running unit 1 and the locking unit 2, but here the majority of them can be seen. The main idea of this embodiment is that only one motor and one drive pinion are used in the running unit 1 and the lock unit 2. The running unit has the same configuration as the running unit of FIG. 1 and has a toothed rack 12 for driving movement, a guide rail 9 for traveling carriage, a corresponding base plate 6 for receiving the traveling carriage 11, an electric motor not shown and Pinion 52 is included. In the embodiment specified above these parts are arranged in the door. In Fig. 5A, the lock unit 2 likewise comprises a lock toothed rack 51 which is fixed to the door and arranged perpendicular to the toothed rack 12 for the running unit. The guide rail 9 of the running unit, the toothed rack 51 of the locking unit, and the pinion 52 cooperate to close the door by moving the end of the running unit 1 so that the pinion 52 closes the toothed rack of the running unit. It is in engagement with (12) and is disengaged at the end of the closing motion, and engages with the teeth of the lock toothed rack (51).

According to FIG. 5B the serrated rack 51 is moved by the pinion 52 in the direction indicated by the arrow 53, the locking direction being shown upward by the arrow. Reference numeral 54 in this case denotes a catch member or locking latch which is firmly connected to the chassis, eg the C-pillar of the vehicle.

6 to 8 show another embodiment of the present invention, like reference numerals denote like parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and description thereof will be omitted.

The running unit 1 is configured in the same manner as the running unit of FIG. 1, and the supporting device of the running unit is different in the detailed embodiment.

The bolt 13 is fitted in a fixed manner in which the fork head 14 is fixed about the running carriage 11 about the bay plate 6. The fork head 14 is used as a mounting portion for the thrust lever 15 which is pivotally mounted by one of its ends in at least one plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle via the pivot pin 16. The bearing is preferably configured as a large rocker bearing that allows some degree of freedom in different directions.

The thrust lever 15 is movably received by its free end in the guide bush 17 rotatably mounted to the mounting portion 19 securely connected to the chassis via bolts 18 attached at right angles on its outer circumference. do. In Fig. 8, the lock unit 2 has an electric motor 20 which is configured as a spindle motor in the embodiment and which is securely fixed to the chassis on the mounting. The axle of the spindle motor 20 is connected to a closed cone 21. In the open state of the sliding door, the closing cone is positioned in a retracted state so that the thrust lever 15 can be pivoted freely. When the sliding door is locked, the closing cone 21 moves out and presses the end of the thrust lever 15 toward the opening in FIG. 7 and thus fixes the thrust lever 15.

When the sliding door 3 is located in the open position shown in FIG. 6 and moved to the closed position, the electric motor 5 is operated and moved to the closed position as in the first embodiment, and At the end it is forcibly guided on the body by a curved guide. By doing so, the thrust lever 15 is moved from the guide bush 17 in the axial direction, and the guide bush 17 rotates counterclockwise and simultaneously pivots the end of the thrust lever around the turning pin 16. The spindle motor 20 is turned on after the electric motor 5 is turned off. The tip of the cone of the closing cone 21 is arranged with respect to the thrust lever 15 located in a substantially vertical position in such a way that the central axis of the thrust lever 15 is slightly shifted to the left as shown in FIG. The spindle motor 20 presses the closing cone 21 and as a result, the closing cone sliding along the circumference of the thrust lever by the tip of the closing cone presses the sludge lever to the left side of FIG. 7 by its upper end. As a result, the bolt 13 enters the inside at the other end and the sliding door 3 hermetically seals the door opening of the vehicle. By doing so, the closing cone for the locking mechanism and the thrust lever (15). The inclination of the cone 21 determines the closing path perpendicular to the vehicle body traversed by the locking unit 2. Operation of the sliding door occurs in the reverse order in the same way.

Instead of the spindle motor 20 and the closing cone 21, a toothed rack with the drive pinion of FIG. 3 may also be used.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 8, the collision protection device may be provided in a manner similar to that of FIG. 2 with the pivot pin 18 mounted to the movable arm bracket and the compression spring being between the stepped portion and the arm bracket. It is arranged on the pivot pin 18.

Claims (16)

A running unit 1 comprising a linear drive 8, 12 with an electric motor 5 and a guide device 9, 11 for carrying out movement and closing the opening of the wall and provided on the wall; An apparatus for opening and closing a vehicle sliding door (3) arranged to be movable substantially parallel to the wall in the longitudinal guide of One of the linearly configured driven member of the linear drive part 12 and one member of the guide device 9 is fixed to the sliding door 3 and the linear drive part 5 as well as the other member of the guide device 11. The other side of the drive member is fixed to the mounting part 6 supported by the supporting devices 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 connected to the wall, which is driven by the electric motor 20 and is perpendicular to the wall. Has a control unit surrounding the locking unit (2) and the position switch to lock and unlock the sliding door (3) in the position of closing the opening during the execution and controls the running unit (1) and the locking unit (2) The support devices 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 are mounted on bearings 23, 25, one side of which is connected to the mounting part 6 and the other of which is connected to the mounting part 6, and is substantially perpendicular to the wall. Enemies equipped with a connection method that converts the movement of (6) to pivot movement FIG device characterized in that comprises one of the pivot lever 24. 2. The lock unit (2) according to claim 1, wherein the lock unit (2) comprises a linearly movable lock member (35, 21) and catch members (36, 15) engaged with the lock member. Wherein the engagement or disengagement process is configured in such a way that the movement of the door perpendicular to the wall is initiated. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the surfaces of the locking member (35,21) and / or catch member (35,15) are inclined. 4. The linear drive portion and guide device with an electric motor as well as the mounting portion of the running unit form a unit that can be preassembled on a trough shaped support portion connected to the door. The device, characterized in that arranged to. The pinion (8) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the linear drive portion is driven by a toothed rack (12) connected to the sliding door (3) and an electric motor (5) fixed to the mounting portion (6). And the guide device comprises a linear guide rail (9) and a traveling carriage fixed at least partially in the linear guide rail circumference. 6. The pivot lever of claim 1, wherein the pivot lever of the support device is configured as a connecting rod 15 movably arranged in the guide bush 17, the guide bush 17 being a bearing 19. And rotatably or pivotally mounted on the device. 6. The pivot lever according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one side of the pivot lever is secured to the bearing (26) via a ball-socket joint (25) and the other preferably the ball-socket joint (23). And a rod (24) fixed to the other lever (22) securely connected to the mounting portion (6). 8. A lock according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking member is configured as a toothed rack (34, 51) which can be driven by pinions (33, 52) at least partly connected to an electric motor. Device. 7. The connection rod (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the connecting rod (15) forms simultaneously the catch member of the locking unit (2), and the locking member is a cone or inclined slide on the circumference of the connecting rod (15). Device comprising a surface. 9. The toothed rack 51 of the lock unit 2 according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 7 and 8, wherein only one electric motor having a pinion 52 is a running unit. (1) and the lock unit (2) and the pinion (52) are arranged on the door adjacent to the toothed rack (12) of the running unit in such a way as to engage the toothed rack first and then the other toothed rack in succession. Characterized in that the device. The collision protection device (40) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the collision protection device (40) turns off the electric motor of the running unit (1) by applying a predetermined force on the door (3) opposite to the movement. A device characterized in that connected to the control device for switching the rotation direction of the motor. 12. The bearings 26, 19 of the pivot levers 24, 15, 14 are movably mounted to a defined and variable pretensioning force, the switching device connected to the control device being connected to the movement path. And is provided so as to generate a signal for driving the electric motor. 13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the pretensioning force is supplied by a spring (46) arranged in the path of travel of the bearing. 14. Device according to one of the claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the switching device (25, 26) is deactivated at the beginning and at the end of the movement of the sliding door (3) from the open position to the closed position. 15. The pivoting lever (24) according to claim 11 or 14, wherein the pivot lever (24) extends or contracts due to the limited and variable adjustable pretensioning force and the switching device connected to the control device drives the electric motor depending on the change in length. Device (70), which is designed to generate a signal to generate a signal. 16. The device according to any one of claims 11 and 15, wherein the pretensioning force is supplied by a spring (72) mounted on the pivot lever.