KR20000013223A - Initial cooling device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An initial cooling device for a vehicle is provided to have excellent cooling effect when starting the cooling device of a vehicle in summer by storing supercritical carbon dioxide using solar heat. CONSTITUTION: The cooling device comprises:electricity supplying sources(104,105) supplying power to a starting motor(103) that drives a compressor(22); a valve(106) supplying and intercepting a coolant supplied to a condenser(33); a pressure container(107) storing the coolant; an initial expanding valve(109) expanding the coolant that is stored in the pressure container when initially starting the vehicle; and a controlling unit controlling the working of the compressor, a main expanding valve(108) and the initial expanding valve. Then, the electricity supplying sources have a filling battery(104) and a solar battery(105) to drive the starting motor using solar heat when parking the vehicle.

Description

Initial air conditioner for vehicle

The present invention relates to a cooling technology of a vehicle, and more particularly, to an initial cooling device for a vehicle that can store supercritical carbon dioxide using solar heat and exert a very large cooling effect when starting the cooling device of a vehicle in summer.

Many researches on the cooling technology of the vehicle is an area where much research has been made with the development of automobiles. Most of these existing car cooling technologies are for steam compressor air conditioners using Freon-12. Currently, due to the problem that the Montreal Protocol prohibits the use of refrigerants in the Freon system, the newly developed alternative refrigerant, R-134a. The same is used for vehicles now being produced. These alternative refrigerants have the same thermodynamic stability as the Freon-12 refrigerants used previously, and because they combine hydrogen instead of chlorine to destroy the ozone layer, the ozone layer destruction index is ecologically zero.

In addition, in contrast to freon replacement refrigerants that less destroy the ozone layer, automotive air conditioners using hydrocarbon refrigerants such as propane and butane have also been actively studied in Europe. In addition, research on air conditioners using supercritical carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is currently in progress.

Here, supercritical carbon dioxide is carbon dioxide in a state of higher than the critical pressure, ambiguous state of liquid and gas, and carbon dioxide having a relatively high specific heat.

1 shows components of a vehicle cooling apparatus according to the prior art. The refrigerant used in such a vehicular air conditioner is R134a described in detail above. First, the engine 1 is connected to a compressor 2 for compressing the refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant having a high temperature and high pressure. The compressor 2 is connected to a condenser 3 for exchanging gaseous refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure with external air to convert it into a liquid refrigerant. The condenser 3 is connected to a main expansion valve 4 which converts the liquid refrigerant into a low pressure liquid state and expands it to low temperature and low pressure. The main expansion valve 4 is connected to an evaporator 5 that absorbs the surrounding heat by the liquid refrigerant expanded at low temperature and low pressure and supplies it to the compressor 2.

When the vehicle air conditioner configured as described above is operated, the cool air formed while the refrigerant flows along the compressor 2, the condenser 3, the main expansion valve 4, and the evaporator 5 is operated by the fan motor (not shown). By the supply to the interior of the vehicle.

The vehicle air conditioner according to the prior art configured as described above starts operation with a compressor using the power of the engine of the vehicle at the time of starting the vehicle and sends cold air to the inside of the vehicle after a predetermined time, so that the initial operation efficiency of the vehicle is small. There are disadvantages.

In addition, since the vehicle cooling device of the prior art does not transmit power to the cooling device when the vehicle is parked, a lot of time is required to form a steady state cooling cycle at the start of the vehicle.

In addition, the vehicle air conditioner of the prior art has the disadvantage that if the power of the air conditioner is turned on at the start of the vehicle, the engine is overloaded, the power is reduced by about 10 to 15% and the initial engine operation is excessive. There is this.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the solar cell installed on the roof of the vehicle to convert the solar radiation energy into electrical energy to accumulate, and to operate the compressor by the accumulated electrical energy to cool the refrigerant It is to provide an initial cooling device for a vehicle that is stored in a high pressure state in a high-pressure storage container, and expands the stored high-pressure refrigerant at the start of the vehicle to rapidly cool the interior of the vehicle.

1 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of a vehicle cooling apparatus according to the prior art.

Figure 2 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the initial cooling device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a temperature-entropy diagram for explaining the thermodynamic cycle in the normal operating state of the vehicle initial air conditioner shown in FIG.

Figure 4 is a graph for explaining the operation of the initial cooling device for a vehicle shown in FIG.

♠ Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing ♠

101, 102: coupler 103: starting motor

104: battery 105: solar cell

106: check valve 107: high pressure storage container

108: main expansion valve 109: initial expansion valve

110: heat exchanger

According to the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the present invention relates to an initial cooling device for a vehicle including a compressor, a condenser, a main expansion valve, and an evaporator to form a cooling cycle for cooling the interior of the vehicle. Such an initial cooling device for a vehicle includes an electric supply source for supplying power to a starting motor for driving the compressor, a valve for supplying and blocking a refrigerant supplied to the condenser, and a pressure vessel for storing the refrigerant supplied through the valve. do. In addition, the initial cooling device for a vehicle includes an initial expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant stored in the pressure vessel at the initial start of the vehicle, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the compressor, the main expansion valve and the initial expansion valve. It is characterized by.

In addition, according to the present invention, the electric supply source is preferably composed of a rechargeable battery and a solar cell to drive the starting motor using solar heat when the vehicle is parked.

In addition, according to the present invention, the valve is preferably a check valve that is opened when the pressure of the refrigerant supplied to the condenser is more than 100 atm.

According to the present invention, it is preferable that a coupler is coupled to the starting motor to transmit driving force to the compressor and to control the driving force of the starting motor when the engine of the vehicle is operated.

In the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the vehicle initial cooling device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an initial vehicle cooling apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 illustrates a thermodynamic cycle in a normal driving state of the vehicle initial cooling apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2. It is a temperature-entropy diagram for, Figure 4 is a graph for explaining the operation of the initial cooling device for a vehicle shown in FIG.

In Figure 2, the vehicle initial cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses supercritical carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. The initial cooling device for a vehicle using the refrigerant includes the compressor 22, the condenser 33, the counterflow heat exchanger 110, the main expansion valve 108, and the evaporator 55, which are basic components for effective heat transfer. Are piped to form a general vapor compression refrigeration cycle.

In addition, the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention includes a check valve 106 and a high pressure storage container 107 and an initial expansion valve 109 at the portions indicated by dotted lines as components added for rapid initial cooling. A charging battery 104 and a solar cell 105 which are electric sources for supplying electricity to the starting motor 103 are disposed. The check valve 106, the high pressure storage container 107, and the initial expansion valve 109 arranged in this way are piped so that the refrigerant is transferred between the condenser 33 and the evaporator 55.

In addition, the compressor 22 includes a first coupler 101 coupled to the engine 11 and a second coupler 102 coupled to the starting motor 103 for power transmission and interruption. Here, the first and second couplers 101 and 102 are well known in the art, and the second coupler 102 is connected to the engine 11 when the starting motor 103 is operated. One coupler 101 is intermittently operated, and vice versa.

In addition, the electric supply source is a vehicle rechargeable battery 104 and a solar cell 105 known in the art that can periodically supply electricity to the starting motor 103 is used.

In addition, the vehicle initial cooling device of the present invention controls the operation of the compressor 22 by supplying electricity to the starting motor 103, and the opening and closing timing of the main expansion valve 108 and the initial expansion valve 109 and A control unit (not shown) is provided with a power switch that is electrically connected to and operated on the rechargeable battery 104 to adjust the amount of opening and closing. In addition, such a control unit is electrically connected to a detection sensor of the starting device of the vehicle which opens the initial expansion valve 109 to maximize the initial cooling effect by operating the vehicle initial cooling device of the present invention at the start of the vehicle. .

Compressor 22 arranged as described above is necessary to adiabatic expansion of the refrigerant, it should be well sealed at high pressure and is manufactured in one or multiple stages. In addition, the compressor 22 is a kind of less leakage that can operate even if the efficiency is lower, at a pressure ratio of 10 or more, it is provided with a non-return valve.

In addition, the check valve 106 is the same as a safety valve well known in the art that the opening and closing of the valve is opened when the pressure of the refrigerant supplied is 100 atm or more.

In addition, the high-pressure storage container 107 has an input and output port is formed in the shape of a pressure vessel having an internal volume of 4 liters. In addition, the high pressure storage container 107 has a different design of the internal volume according to the type of the vehicle, the maximum pressure of the high pressure storage container can be appropriately designed.

In addition, the main expansion valve 108 and the initial expansion valve 109 is a solenoid type electromagnetic expansion valve well known in the art commonly operated electronically. Here, the main expansion valve 108 is closed or partially opened when the vehicle is parked by the control unit, and is operated to open the valve hole completely when the engine 11 of the vehicle is operated. In addition, the initial expansion valve 109 is activated when the engine of the vehicle operates to start the cooling operation in the normal state.

In addition, the counterflow heat exchanger (110) is a device for further adiabatic expansion by further cooling the temperature of the condensed refrigerant to the temperature of the evaporated refrigerant, a concentric tube heat exchanger (counter flow heat exchanger) used in a high pressure cooling system to be.

In addition, the rechargeable battery 104 is a rechargeable vehicle battery, which is well known in the art, and may be used attached to a vehicle or separately attached. In addition, the solar cell 105 is manufactured by a technology of manufacturing an optical semiconductor to charge the rechargeable battery 104, and is widely known in the art having an efficiency of converting solar radiant energy into electrical energy of 10% or more. The solar cell 105 has a width of 1.5 m 2 and continues to generate power in a situation where the vehicle receives solar radiation and the temperature of the riding space rises. In more detail, when the specific sensor temperature of the riding space rises by about 70 ° C. or more for about 20 minutes, the solar cell 105 is sufficient when the solar radiation energy density is 800 W / m 2 and the solar cell efficiency is 10%. The solar radiation can store about 144 kJ of power energy in the rechargeable battery 104.

In the following, the coupling relationship between the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention as described above will be described.

First, the solar cell 105 is fixed to the outer surface of the ceiling of a typical vehicle, and this solar cell 105 is electrically connected to a rechargeable battery 104 mounted inside the vehicle. The connected rechargeable battery 104 is connected to the power input terminal of the controller so that power can be supplied to the starting motor 103. In addition, the starting motor 103 is electrically connected to the charging battery 104 connected to the solar cell 105, so that the compressor 22 can be repeatedly driven even when the vehicle is parked. In addition, the control unit is electrically connected to the starting motor 103 so as to supply a control signal and power. The starter motor 103 supplied with the power is connected to the second coupler 102 so that the driving force can be transmitted and interrupted to the compressor 22. In addition, the compressor 22 is connected to the first coupler 101 so that the power of the engine 11 can be transmitted or interrupted.

The initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention thus coupled has a J-T (Joule-Thomson) cycle in which an ideal temperature-entropy curve 100 is formed in a normal operating state as shown in FIG. 3. In this JT cycle, the compression process (a), which compresses the supercritical carbon dioxide used as the refrigerant, operates at 3 to 9 MPa, is very heat-transferable to the outside without going through isotropic process, and suppresses the temperature of the compressor outlet as much as possible. have. In addition, the expansion process (b) in this J-T cycle is assumed to be an enthalpy process, and entropy production is greatly reduced.

In the following, it will be described a method of operating the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention as described in detail above.

First, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, when the vehicle equipped with the initial air conditioner for the vehicle of the present invention is parked in an outdoor space exposed to sunlight in summer, the internal pressure of the high pressure storage container 107 is 30 atm. It is maintained at a slightly higher pressure. In addition, since the vehicle receives solar radiation energy, the solar cell 105 mounted on the vehicle generates electric energy of a predetermined size to charge the rechargeable battery 104 for about 20 minutes (one section). Then, the electrically connected control unit supplies the charged electricity of the rechargeable battery 104 to the starting motor 103. The starting motor 103 is driven at a predetermined speed, and the second coupler 102 connected to the starting motor 103 transmits a driving force to the compressor 22. The compressor 22, which received the driving force, is driven for about two minutes (two sections). At this time, the first coupler 101 is intermittently not connected to the compressor 22 and the engine 11.

In addition, the refrigerant remaining in the evaporator 55 is moved to the high pressure portion (not shown) of the condenser 33 by the compressor 22 driving as described above. When the pressure of the high pressure part is 100 atm or more, the check valve 106 is opened, and the refrigerant of the high pressure part is stored in the high pressure storage container 107. At this time, the initial expansion valve 109 connected to the output port side of the high pressure storage container 107 is closed. In addition, the solar cell 105 that generates electrical energy recharges the rechargeable battery 104 to the charging battery 104 for about 20 minutes (3 sections). In addition, the pressure of the high pressure storage container 107 maintains a constant 120 atm, such as the pressure of the condenser 33. In addition, in the high-pressure storage container 107, after completing the charging (three sections) process of the rechargeable battery 104 as described above, the compressor 22 is again driven for about two minutes (four sections). In this repeated recharging cycle, when the pressure of the high-pressure storage container 107 reaches about 150 atm, it is difficult to compress any more. The initial expansion valve 109 connected to the high pressure storage container 107 is appropriately opened in response to a signal from the controller, thereby expanding the refrigerant in the evaporator 55 for about 5 minutes (5 sections). The refrigerant expanded by the evaporator 55 serves to lower the temperature of the evaporator 55 and the vehicle to some extent. In addition, the initial expansion valve 109 is closed in response to a signal from the controller, and the solar cell 105 recharges the electric battery to the rechargeable battery 104 for about 20 minutes (6 sections). Then, the compressor 22 is driven again for about 2 minutes (7 sections). As such, the high pressure storage container 107 stores a refrigerant of a constant pressure due to the charging of the solar cell 105 and the periodic repeated operation of the compressor 22. Therefore, the refrigerant of the high pressure storage container 107 to be introduced into the evaporator 16 is a state in which the temperature of a predetermined size is lowered through the initial expansion valve 109, and the flow rate of the refrigerant is more than twice the normal state. .

At this time, the moment the driver rides the parked vehicle to start the vehicle, the sensor opens the initial expansion valve 109 by the control unit. Therefore, the high pressure refrigerant filled in the high pressure storage container 107 is transferred to the evaporator 55. The refrigerant thus delivered is evaporated in the evaporator 55, and is again delivered to the counter flow heat exchanger (107). In addition, since a fan (not shown) disposed around the evaporator 55 operates to vent cool air outside the evaporator 55 into the vehicle, the indoor temperature is rapidly cooled.

As described in detail above, the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention operates the compressor repeatedly by the power of the solar cell and parks the refrigerant in the high pressure storage container when parking under the sun on a hot summer day, thereby starting the engine of the vehicle. There is an advantage that can maximize the initial cooling effect.

In addition, the vehicular initial air conditioner of the present invention is a future air-conditioning air conditioner that does not use any freon and thus does not have an environmental problem of destroying the ozone layer.

In addition, the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention has the advantage of having a thermodynamically efficient cycle by generating a low temperature by adiabatic expansion of supercritical carbon dioxide.

In addition, the vehicle initial cooling device of the present invention has the advantage that a very large cooling effect can be obtained at the initial start even in the case of a small light car with a small output of the engine.

In addition, the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention by using a solar cell converts about 10% of the radiant heat incident to the vehicle into electricity can reduce the temperature rise inside the vehicle by that much, if necessary attached to the vehicle The vehicle starting battery can be charged more effectively.

In addition, the technical significance of the in-vehicle early cooling device of the present invention is to improve the cooling effect by using a renewable energy source in the situation that solar cells with higher energy conversion efficiency is continuously developed, and supercritical carbon dioxide is It meets the needs of the times commercialized as an alternative refrigerant.

In addition, the ripple effect of the initial vehicle cooling system of the present invention is also in the practical use of the Malone refrigeration technology that forms a stirling cycle or reverse brayton cycle using a natural refrigerant, such as liquid carbon dioxide as an alternative refrigerant Can be.

The sterling cycle here consists of two isothermal processes and two isotropic processes. The cycle has been applied to cryogenic freezers, and a sterling freezer has been developed, which is being spotlighted as a next-generation freezer because it uses environmentally friendly helium gas. In addition, the reverse Brayton cycle is a reverse cycle of the working medium in the Brayton cycle used for the gas-turbine cycle to constitute a refrigeration cycle. In addition, Malone refrigeration is not a refrigeration technique with a special thermodynamic cycle, but rather a refrigeration method using a liquid near a critical point as a working medium for a Stirling freezer and a reverse Brayton freezer. By the freezing effect.

Although the technical idea of the initial cooling device for a vehicle of the present invention has been described together with the accompanying drawings, this is illustrative of the best embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (4)

In a vehicle cooling apparatus including a compressor (2, 22), a condenser (3, 33), a main expansion valve (4, 108), and an evaporator (5, 55) to form a cooling cycle for cooling the interior of the vehicle. In An electric supply source (104, 105) for supplying power to the starting motor (103) for driving the compressor (22), a valve (106) for supplying and blocking a refrigerant supplied to the condenser (33), and the valve ( A pressure vessel 107 for storing the refrigerant supplied through 106, an initial expansion valve 109 for expanding the refrigerant stored in the pressure vessel 107 at the initial start-up of the vehicle, and the compressor 22; Initial cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a control unit for controlling the operation of the main expansion valve (108) and the initial expansion valve (109). The method of claim 1, wherein the electricity supply (104, 105) is composed of a rechargeable battery 104 and a solar cell 105 to drive the starting motor 103 by using solar heat when the vehicle parking. An initial cooling device for a vehicle. The rapid initial cooling device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the valve (106) is a check valve opened when the pressure of the refrigerant supplied to the condenser (33) is 100 atm or more. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the driving motor 103 to drive the driving force to the compressor 22, the operation of the engine 11 of the vehicle to control the driving force of the starting motor (103). The initial cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that the coupler 102 is connected.