KR20000009053A - Liquid crystal display elements with composite electric field type - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display elements with composite electric field type Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000009053A KR20000009053A KR1019980029220A KR19980029220A KR20000009053A KR 20000009053 A KR20000009053 A KR 20000009053A KR 1019980029220 A KR1019980029220 A KR 1019980029220A KR 19980029220 A KR19980029220 A KR 19980029220A KR 20000009053 A KR20000009053 A KR 20000009053A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136204—Arrangements to prevent high voltage or static electricity failures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 액정표시소자에 관한 것으로, 특히 투명기판 위에 형성된 두 전극에 의해 횡전계를 인가하고, 대향기판 위에 대향전극을 형성하여 경사전계 및 종전계를 인가하므로써 액정층을 구동하는 복합전계방식 액정표시소자에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device. In particular, a composite field type liquid crystal driving a liquid crystal layer by applying a transverse electric field by two electrodes formed on a transparent substrate, and applying a gradient electric field and a longitudinal electric field by forming a counter electrode on a counter substrate. It relates to a display element.
최근, 액정표시소자에서 시야각에 따라 콘트라스트비가 저하되고 색상이 변하는 문제를 해결하고자, 투명기판 위에 복수의 전극쌍을 형성하여 액정층을 구동하는 액정표시장치인 횡전계방식(in-plane switching mode)의 액정표시장치가 다수의 논문 및 특허에 의해 개시되고 있다.Recently, in order to solve the problem that the contrast ratio is lowered and the color is changed according to the viewing angle in the liquid crystal display, an in-plane switching mode is a liquid crystal display device that drives a liquid crystal layer by forming a plurality of electrode pairs on a transparent substrate. LCDs have been disclosed by a number of papers and patents.
도 1은 이러한 횡전계방식 액정표시소자의 액정구동전극을 나타내는 도면, 도 2는 도 1의 A-A'선에 따른 단면도로서, 단위 화소영역에 한정하여 설명한다.FIG. 1 is a view showing a liquid crystal driving electrode of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
투명기판(5) 위에는 공통전극(20) 및 데이터전극(30)이 그 사이에 절연층(7)을 개재한 상태로 형성되어 있다. 그 위로는 제1배향막(25a)이 화소영역 전체에 걸쳐 형성되어 있으며, 대향기판(15) 위에는 제2배향막(25b)이 형성되어 있다.The common electrode 20 and the data electrode 30 are formed on the transparent substrate 5 with the insulating layer 7 interposed therebetween. The first alignment layer 25a is formed over the entire pixel region, and the second alignment layer 25b is formed on the counter substrate 15.
공통전극(20) 및 데이터전극(30)에 전압이 인가되지 않으면, 액정분자(10)들은 초기 배향방향(R방향)을 따라 배열된 상태를 유지하고 있다. 도면의 각 θ는 공통전극(20) 및/또는 데이터전극(30)과 액정분자(10)의 장축이 이루는 각(이하, 배향각이라 함)을 나타낸다.When no voltage is applied to the common electrode 20 and the data electrode 30, the liquid crystal molecules 10 remain aligned along the initial alignment direction (R direction). In the drawing, angle θ represents an angle (hereinafter referred to as an orientation angle) between the common electrode 20 and / or the data electrode 30 and the major axis of the liquid crystal molecule 10.
두 전극(20, 30)에 전압이 인가되어 도 2의 점선 화살표방향으로 전기장이 형성되면, 액정층(40) 내의 액정분자(10)들은 전기장의 방향을 따라 도 1의 화살표 방향으로 회전하게 된다.When voltage is applied to the two electrodes 20 and 30 to form an electric field in the dotted arrow direction of FIG. 2, the liquid crystal molecules 10 in the liquid crystal layer 40 rotate in the direction of the arrow of FIG. 1 along the direction of the electric field. .
그러나, 상기한 액정표시소자에서는 액정분자(10)의 바람직한 구동특성을 얻기 위하여 공통전극(20)과 데이터전극(30)간의 거리를 전기장의 세기가 약화되지 않는 일정 범위내에서 유지해야 하고, 이로 인한 편중된 전극 구조는 크로스토크(crosstalk) 및 잔상 등을 유발하게 된다.However, in the above-described liquid crystal display device, the distance between the common electrode 20 and the data electrode 30 should be maintained within a certain range in which the electric field strength is not weakened in order to obtain desirable driving characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules 10. The biased electrode structure causes crosstalk, afterimages, and the like.
또한, 도 1 및 도 2에 나타낸 것과 같은 액정표시소자에서 데이터전극 및 공통전극에 대하여 45°배향을 실시할 경우, 전압 인가시에 액정분자가 기형성된 전기장의 방향을 따라 평행하게 배열되므로 시야각 및 색변환(color-shift)의 개선 효과를 기대하기 어렵다는 문제점이 있다.Also, in the liquid crystal display device as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the 45 ° alignment is performed with respect to the data electrode and the common electrode, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel along the direction of the pre-formed electric field when voltage is applied, so that the viewing angle and There is a problem that it is difficult to expect an improvement effect of color-shift.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 횡전계를 인가하는 적어도 한쌍의 전극이 형성된 기판과 대향하는 기판상에 대향전극을 형성하여 두 기판 사이에 경사전계 및 종전계를 인가하므로써, 낮은 액정구동전압에 의해 향상된 휘도를 나타내는 복합전계방식 액정표시소자를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art, by forming a counter electrode on a substrate facing the substrate on which at least one pair of electrodes for applying a transverse electric field is applied by applying a gradient electric field and a longitudinal electric field between the two substrates An object of the present invention is to provide a composite field type liquid crystal display device having improved luminance by low liquid crystal driving voltage.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기한 투명기판 위에 배향규제력이 낮은 배향막을 형성하므로써 액정층의 구동전압을 저감시키는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to reduce the driving voltage of the liquid crystal layer by forming an alignment film having a low alignment control force on the transparent substrate.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 액정의 초기 배향상태를 조절하여 광시야각을 구현하는 동시에 색변환을 저감시키는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to adjust the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal to realize a wide viewing angle and at the same time reduce the color conversion.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따른 복합전계방식 액정표시소자는 투명기판 및 대향기판과, 그 사이에 개재된 액정층과, 상기 투명기판 위에 형성되고 상기 액정층에 횡전계를 인가하는 공통전극 및 데이터전극과, 상기 공통전극 및 데이터전극 위에 형성된 제1배향막과, 상기 대향기판 위에 형성되고 상기 데이터전극과 함께 경사전계 및 종전계를 인가하는 대향전극과, 상기 대향전극 위에 형성된 제2배향막으로 이루어진다.In order to achieve the above object, a composite field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention has a transparent substrate and a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and a common formed on the transparent substrate and applying a transverse electric field to the liquid crystal layer. An electrode and a data electrode, a first alignment film formed on the common electrode and the data electrode, a counter electrode formed on the counter substrate and applying a gradient electric field and a longitudinal field together with the data electrode, and a second alignment film formed on the counter electrode. Is done.
상기한 공통전극 및 데이터전극은 동일한 물질 또는 서로 다른 물질을 패터닝하여 동일층 또는 서로 다른 층에 형성한다. 대향전극은 대향기판 전체에 걸쳐 형성된다.The common electrode and the data electrode are formed on the same layer or different layers by patterning the same material or different materials. The counter electrode is formed over the entire counter substrate.
본 발명의 공통전극 및 데이터전극은 대향기판 위에 형성된 전극과 함께 복합전계를 형성하여 액정층의 구동전압을 낮추므로써 공통전극과 데이터전극 사이의 거리를 기존에 비하여 보다 넓힐 수 있고, 이것은 개구율을 향상시켜 휘도를 증가시킨다.The common electrode and the data electrode of the present invention form a complex electric field together with the electrode formed on the counter substrate to lower the driving voltage of the liquid crystal layer, thereby making the distance between the common electrode and the data electrode wider than before, which improves the aperture ratio. To increase the brightness.
또한, 본 발명에 따르면 상기한 두 기판에 동일한 배향막을 적용하지 않고 투명기판 위에 배향규제력이 작은 배향막을 적용시키므로써 액정층의 구동전압을 한층 저감시킬 수 있으며, 액정의 초기배향상태를 조절하여 이상적인 광시야각 액정표시소자를 제공하는 것을 가능하게 한다.In addition, according to the present invention, by applying an alignment layer having a small alignment control force on the transparent substrate without applying the same alignment layer to the above two substrates, it is possible to further reduce the driving voltage of the liquid crystal layer, ideally by adjusting the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal It is possible to provide a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display element.
도 1은 종래 횡전계방식 액정표시소자의 액정구동전극을 나타내는 도면.1 is a view showing a liquid crystal driving electrode of a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.
도 2는 도 1의 A-A'선에 따른 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1.
도 3은 본 발명의 복합전계방식 액정표시소자의 액정구동전극을 나타내는 도면.3 is a view showing a liquid crystal driving electrode of the composite field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 액정의 초기배향상태를 나타내는 도면.4 is a view showing an initial alignment state of the liquid crystal according to the present invention.
<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
105 : 투명기판 108 : 대향전극105: transparent substrate 108: counter electrode
110 : 액정분자 115 : 대향기판110: liquid crystal molecules 115: opposing substrate
120 : 공통전극 125a,125b : 배향막120: common electrode 125a, 125b: alignment layer
130 : 데이터전극 140 : 액정층130: data electrode 140: liquid crystal layer
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 복합전계방식 액정표시소자의 단위 화소영역의 단면도로서, 투명기판(104) 위에는 게이트배선(도시하지 않음)과 접속되는 게이트전극(도시하지 않음)과, 상기 게이트전극 위에 적층된 SiNx 또는 SiOx와 같은 물질로 이루어진 게이트절연막(105)과, 상기 게이트절연막(105) 위에서 전압인가시에 데이터배선(도시하지 않음)과 전기적으로 연결되는 Cr, Al 또는 Al합금 등으로 이루어진 데이터전극(130)과, 그리고 상기 데이터전극(130)과 동일한 평면에서 공통배선(도시하지 않음)에 전기적으로 연결되어 상기 데이터전극(130)과 함께 횡전계를 인가하는 Cr, Al 또는 Al합금 등으로 이루어진 공통전극(120)과, 상기 공통전극(120) 및 데이터전극(130) 위에서 액정층(140)의 액정분자에 대하여 특정한 배향상태를 부여하는 제1배향막(125a)이 형성되어 있다. 이때, 상기한 공통전극(120) 및 데이터전극(130)은 ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)와 같은 투명금속으로 형성할 수도 있는데, 이 경우 투과되는 광의 효율을 극대화시켜 개구율을 높이는 것이 가능하다. 또한, 상기한 두 전극(120, 130)을 동일층에 형성하는 것은 그 사이에 존재할 수 있는 절연막과 같은 축적용량을 제거하므로써 구동전압을 감소시킬 수 있다. 또한, 상기한 두 전극(120, 130)을 절연막을 매개로 다른 층에 형성하여도 된다.3 is a cross-sectional view of a unit pixel area of a composite field type liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and a gate electrode (not shown) connected to a gate wiring (not shown) on the transparent substrate 104 and a gate electrode on the gate electrode. Data made of a stacked gate insulating film 105 made of a material such as SiNx or SiOx, and Cr, Al, or Al alloy electrically connected to a data wiring (not shown) when voltage is applied on the gate insulating film 105. Cr, Al, or Al alloy, which is electrically connected to the electrode 130 and a common wiring (not shown) in the same plane as the data electrode 130 to apply a transverse electric field together with the data electrode 130. A first alignment layer 125a is formed on the common electrode 120 and the common electrode 120 and the data electrode 130 to impart a specific alignment state to the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 140. In this case, the common electrode 120 and the data electrode 130 may be formed of a transparent metal such as indium tin oxide (ITO). In this case, the aperture ratio may be increased by maximizing the efficiency of transmitted light. In addition, forming the two electrodes 120 and 130 on the same layer may reduce the driving voltage by eliminating the storage capacitance such as an insulating film that may be present therebetween. In addition, the two electrodes 120 and 130 may be formed in different layers through an insulating film.
대향기판(115) 위에는 상기 데이터전극(130)과 함께 경사전계 및 종전계를 형성하는 ITO와 같은 투명금속으로 이루어진 대향전극(108)이 기판 전체에 걸쳐 형성되어 있고, 그 위에는, 비록 도면으로 나타내지는 않았지만, 박막트랜지스터, 게이트배선, 데이터배선 및 공통배선 근처로 빛이 새는 것을 방지하는 차광층(도시하지 않음)과, R, G 및 B의 칼라필터소자로 이루어진 컬러필터층(도시하지 않음)이 형성되고, 그 위에 평탄화를 목적으로 하여 오버코트층을 형성하는 것도 가능하다. 계속해서, 상기 대향전극(108)의 위쪽으로는 제2배향막(125b)이 형성되어 제1배향막(125a)과 함께 액정층(140) 내의 액정분자를 특정한 배향상태로 유지시킨다.On the opposing substrate 115, an opposing electrode 108 made of a transparent metal such as ITO forming an inclined electric field and a terminating electric field together with the data electrode 130 is formed over the entire substrate, and, although not shown in the drawings, Although not shown, a light blocking layer (not shown) for preventing light leakage near the thin film transistor, gate wiring, data wiring, and common wiring, and a color filter layer (not shown) including R, G, and B color filter elements are provided. It is also possible to form an overcoat layer thereon for the purpose of planarization thereon. Subsequently, a second alignment layer 125b is formed above the counter electrode 108 to hold the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 140 together with the first alignment layer 125a in a specific alignment state.
도면에 나타내듯이, 공통전극(120), 데이터전극(130) 및 대향전극(108)에 전압이 인가되면, 공통전극(120)과 데이터전극(130) 사이에는 제1배향막(125a) 근처에 실선화살표로 표시된 것과 같은 전기장(횡전계)이 형성되고, 대향전극(108)과 및 데이터전극(130) 사이에는 액정층(140) 내에 점선화살표로 표시된 것과 같은 전기장(경사 및 종전계)이 형성되며, 액정분자들은 제1배향막(125a) 및 제2배향막(125b)에 의한 초기 배향상태로부터 전기장의 영향을 받아 일정한 크기, 예를 들면 배향각의 변화만큼 회전하게 된다. 이 경우, 사용되는 액정이 포지형(positive-type)이면 액정분자의 장축이 전기장의 방향을 따르고, 네가형(negative-type)이면 액정분자의 장축이 전기장의 방향과 반대방향을 따른다.As shown in the drawing, when voltage is applied to the common electrode 120, the data electrode 130, and the counter electrode 108, a solid line near the first alignment layer 125a between the common electrode 120 and the data electrode 130. An electric field (lateral electric field) as indicated by an arrow is formed, and an electric field (inclined and terminal electric field) as indicated by a dotted arrow is formed in the liquid crystal layer 140 between the counter electrode 108 and the data electrode 130. The liquid crystal molecules rotate by an electric field from the initial alignment state of the first alignment layer 125a and the second alignment layer 125b by a predetermined size, for example, a change in the alignment angle. In this case, when the liquid crystal used is positive-type, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules follows the direction of the electric field, and when the liquid crystal molecule is negative-type, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules follows the direction opposite to the direction of the electric field.
액정의 구동전압을 감소시킬 목적으로 본 발명에서는 도 3의 제1배향막(125a)을, 앵커링에너지가 작은(10-3 erg/㎠이하) 배향막을 광배향처리하여 형성한다. 구체적으로는, 폴리실록산신나메이트(polysiloxanecinnamate), 폴리비닐신나메이트(polyvinylcinnamate) 또는 셀루로즈신나메이트(cellulosecinnamate) 등의 광배향물질을 배향막(125a)에 도포한 후, 상기한 배향막(125a)에 편광되거나, 편광되지 않은 빛을 배향막에 대하여 1회 또는 그 이상 조사하므로써 수행되는데, 이때, 상기한 빛은 자외선이 바람직하다.In order to reduce the driving voltage of the liquid crystal, in the present invention, the first alignment layer 125a of FIG. 3 is formed by photoalignment treatment of an alignment layer having a small anchoring energy (10 −3 erg / cm 2 or less). Specifically, a photoalignment material such as polysiloxanecinnamate, polyvinylcinnamate or cellulosecinnamate is applied to the alignment layer 125a, and then polarized on the alignment layer 125a. In this case, the unpolarized light is irradiated to the alignment layer one or more times, wherein the light is preferably ultraviolet rays.
제2배향막(125b)에 대한 배향처리는 폴리이미드(polyimide), 폴리아미드(polyamide), 폴리비닐알콜(polyvinylalcohol), 폴리아믹산(polyamic acid) 또는 SiO2등의 물질을 배향막(125b)에 도포한 후 러빙(rubbing)하므로써 수행된다. 구체적으로는, 상기한 배향막 물질을 도포한 후 R1(또는 R2)방향으로 러빙을 실시하여 배향방향을 결정한 후, 영역Ⅰ을 마스크로 차단한 상태에서 R2(또는 R1)방향으로 러빙을 실시한다.The alignment process for the second alignment layer 125b is obtained by coating a material such as polyimide, polyamide, polyvinylalcohol, polyamic acid, or SiO 2 on the alignment layer 125b. This is done by rubbing after. Specifically, after applying the above-described alignment film material, rubbing is performed in the R1 (or R2) direction to determine the orientation direction, and then rubbing is performed in the R2 (or R1) direction while the region I is blocked with a mask.
아래의 표 1은 종래 횡전계방식과 본 발명에 따른 복합전계방식의 구동전압 관계를 설명하기 위한 것으로서, 표로부터 알 수 있듯이 본 발명에 따른 복합전계방식은 종래 횡전계방식과 비교하여 구동전압의 감소(약 1.5Volt)를 나타내고 있다.Table 1 below is for explaining the driving voltage relationship between the conventional transverse electric field method and the composite electric field method according to the present invention, as can be seen from the table, the composite electric field method according to the present invention is compared with the conventional transverse electric field method. A decrease (about 1.5 Volt) is shown.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 액정의 초기배향 상태를 나타내는 도면으로서, 배향방향이 R1, R2이고 θ의 배향각을 갖는 액정분자(110)들이 두 전극(120, 130) 사이에서 임의의 프리틸트를 가지고 배향되어 있다. 화소영역은 두 전극(120, 130)을 가로지르는 분할선(도면의 일점쇄선)에 의하여 영역Ⅰ, Ⅱ로 나뉘고, 각 영역에서의 액정분자들은 분할선을 기준으로 하여 서로 대칭된 배향상태에 있다.4 is a view showing an initial alignment state of the liquid crystal according to the present invention, wherein the liquid crystal molecules 110 having an alignment angle of R 1 and R 2 and having an alignment angle of θ are randomly free between two electrodes 120 and 130. It is oriented with the tilt. The pixel region is divided into regions I and II by dividing lines (dotted and dashed lines) across the two electrodes 120 and 130, and the liquid crystal molecules in each region are in an symmetrical alignment state with respect to the dividing lines. .
표 2는 상기한 구조에서 편광판의 편광축방향(공통전극 및/또는 데이터전극의 연장방향)이 액정의 장축방향과 θ의 각도를 유지할때 콘트라스트비(contrast ratio;C/R)의 변화를 보이고 있다.Table 2 shows the change in contrast ratio (C / R) when the polarization axis direction (the extension direction of the common electrode and / or the data electrode) of the polarizing plate maintains the angle between the major axis direction of the liquid crystal and θ. .
표 2에서 알 수 있듯이, 적용가능한 θ값은 0°≤θ≤5°이고 θ가 0∼2。일 때 블랙휘도는 변화가 없으나, θ가 0∼1。일때는 액정의 회전방향이 어긋나 전경(disclination)이 발생할 수도 있으므로, 가장 바람직한 θ값은 2°≤θ≤ 3°이다.As can be seen from Table 2, the applicable θ value is 0 ° ≤θ≤5 ° and the black luminance does not change when θ is 0 to 2 °, but when θ is 0 to 1 °, the direction of rotation of the liquid crystal is shifted to the foreground. (disclination) may occur, so the most preferable θ value is 2 ° ≦ θ ≦ 3 °.
위와 같은 배향분할방식은 상기한 제1배향막(125a) 뿐만 아니라 제2배향막(125b)에도 적용가능하며, 두 배향막(125a, 125b)에 대하여 동시에 구현할 수도 있다.The above-described orientation division method may be applied to the second alignment layer 125b as well as the first alignment layer 125a, and may be simultaneously implemented for the two alignment layers 125a and 125b.
본 발명에 따른 복합전계방식 액정표시소자는 횡전계를 인가하는 한쌍의 전극과 그 중 적어도 하나의 전극과 함께 경사전계 및 종전계를 인가하는 대향전극에 의해 복합전계를 형성하고, 상판 및/또는 하판에 앵커링에너지가 작은 배향막을 형성하므로써 액정층의 구동전압을 낮출 수 있다.In the composite field liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, a composite electric field is formed by a pair of electrodes applying a transverse electric field and a counter electrode applying a gradient electric field and a longitudinal electric field together with at least one of them, and a top plate and / or The driving voltage of the liquid crystal layer can be lowered by forming an alignment film having a small anchoring energy on the lower plate.
또한, 화소영역을 분할하여 액정이 각 영역에서 서로 상반된 구동특성을 나타나게 하므로써 시야각의 확대 및 컬러변화의 방지를 가능하게 한다.In addition, by dividing the pixel region, the liquid crystal exhibits opposing driving characteristics in each region, thereby making it possible to enlarge the viewing angle and prevent color change.
더욱, 기판에 편중된 전극 사이의 충분한 거리를 확보하게 되어 크로스토크 및 잔상의 감소와 더불어 광투과율을 증가시키는 것이 가능하다.Furthermore, it is possible to secure a sufficient distance between the electrodes biased to the substrate to increase the light transmittance along with the reduction of crosstalk and afterimage.
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KR100378858B1 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2003-04-07 | 닛뽕덴끼 가부시끼가이샤 | Liquid crystal display and method of performing display operation |
KR100446382B1 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-09-01 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | Apparatus for fringe field switching liquid crystal display |
KR100482474B1 (en) * | 2002-03-09 | 2005-04-14 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | Apparatus for vertical aligned liquid crystal display device |
KR100507275B1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2005-08-09 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | FRINGE FIELD SWITCHING MODE LCD applying HAN mode |
KR20200051397A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-05-13 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal transparent display |
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JPH0237324A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-02-07 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Production of polyimide oriented film |
JPH03148636A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-06-25 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of active matrix type liquid crystal display element |
JP2716004B2 (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1998-02-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
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KR100378858B1 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2003-04-07 | 닛뽕덴끼 가부시끼가이샤 | Liquid crystal display and method of performing display operation |
KR100507275B1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2005-08-09 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | FRINGE FIELD SWITCHING MODE LCD applying HAN mode |
KR100446382B1 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2004-09-01 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | Apparatus for fringe field switching liquid crystal display |
KR100482474B1 (en) * | 2002-03-09 | 2005-04-14 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | Apparatus for vertical aligned liquid crystal display device |
KR20200051397A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-05-13 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal transparent display |
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