KR20000008529A - Oil pressure driving typed driving device of stern - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A stern driving device is provided to simplify the structure, to finely control a ship and to prevent the damage of devices. CONSTITUTION: The stern driving device installs:an engine(1); an oil pressure pump(2); a propellant body unit(6, 14) possible to move up and down and from side to side and to be separated up and down; a motor(4) for revolving a propeller installed on the rear edge of the propellant body unit(6, 14); an oil pressure control piece for moving the propellant body unit(6, 14) back and forth; a steering piece for steering the propellant body unit(6, 14) from side to side; a salvaging piece for preventing the collision of the propellant body unit(6, 14) with the submarine projected material by using the oil pressure; and an exhausting piece for exhausting the exhaust gas generated from the engine(1) to the same path as one of the seawater cooling the propellant body unit(6, 14).

Description

Hydraulic Driven Stern Drive

The present invention relates to a hydraulic motor-driven stern propulsion device which can be attached to the stern wall for the propulsion of a small ship and can remotely control the forward, backward, steering and lifting angles.

In recent years, the majority of small vessels sailing the domestic coast are driven by gasoline engines and perform manual steering and lifting of outboard motors. However, as the price of gasoline increases and the fuel cost portion of the ship's operating cost increases, most ships prefer to use a stern drive device capable of using diesel oil and having a low fuel consumption rate.

In addition, in the past, the low speed operation of the ship's traveling speed of about 15 knots was common, but recently, high speed operation of 25 knots or more is required in order to maintain the freshness of fish and shellfish by shortening the transportation time, and the propeller rotates at high speed of 2500 to 3000 rpm. There is an increasing use of stern drives with excellent steering performance. Moreover, the hydraulically driven stern drive device has the advantage of greatly improving durability and excellent driving maneuverability since the reduction gears, reversing gears and clutches attached to the driving engine or the propulsion device are omitted.

In the case of the conventional stern propulsion device, the drive engine is complex, such that the drive engine is connected to the propeller shaft for rotating the propeller through a clutch and a reverse gear, and a steering device installed for turning left and right is separately installed. In addition, there is a problem that the propulsion device and the steering device is damaged by collision with the seabed protrusions according to the change in the water depth.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned problems. The present invention simplifies the arrangement of the drive engine and the shaft system and the structure of the propulsion device, and remotely controls the flow rate and discharge direction of the hydraulic pump while driving the drive engine at constant speed. Fine control of propulsion speed and forward and backward movements, and shock-absorbing relief valves are installed in the hydraulic drive system, steering and lift control hydraulic systems to prevent damage to connecting links, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pumps and piping. It is to provide a hydraulically driven stern drive device.

The present invention to achieve the above object is:

An engine installed at a predetermined position inside the stern wall of the ship;

A hydraulic pump installed at one side of the engine to generate hydraulic pressure;

A propelling main body provided spaced apart from the stern wall outside the stern wall for front and rear propulsion and steering of the ship, and capable of moving up and down and left and right, and vertically separating;

A motor fixed to a predetermined position of the propulsion main body part and connected by the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic hose to rotate a propeller installed at the rear end of the propulsion main body part using the hydraulic pressure generated from the hydraulic pump;

Hydraulic pressure adjusting means for moving the propulsion body back and forth using hydraulic pressure;

Steering means for steering the propulsion main body side to side using hydraulic pressure;

Lifting means provided between the engine and the propulsion main body to prevent collision with the propulsion main body and the subsea protrusion by moving the propulsion main body up and down using hydraulic pressure; And

Provided is a hydraulically driven stern drive device including discharge means for discharging exhaust gas generated from the engine to a passage such as seawater cooled inside the propulsion body.

The propulsion main body part includes an upper main body coupled to the lifting means, the upper main body fixed to the motor at an upper end thereof, and a lower main body coupled to the upper main body and a bolt, and the propeller mounted at a rear end thereof. A rotating shaft extends through the upper body to face perpendicularly to the second rotating shaft coupled to the propeller of the lower body to transmit rotational force generated from the motor by the first and first bevel gears to the propeller.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cover is coupled to the upper end of the upper body to prevent the motor from contacting the sea water, and the lower body and the boss of the propeller have a method (防蝕). Zinc plate is attached to prevent corrosion.

The hydraulic control means is installed in the storage tank for storing the working oil, the flow rate and the flow path control valve for adjusting the flow rate and direction of the working oil discharged by the hydraulic pump and operated through a control lever, the coaxial with the hydraulic pump A circulation pump for circulating in one direction to replenish the leakage of the hydraulic oil and to allow a part of the hydraulic oil to pass through the cooler and the filter to maintain a proper temperature of the hydraulic oil and to remove foreign substances contained in the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic pump and A flashing valve installed between the motor to prevent overload of the motor, a level switch for communicating with the storage tank to generate an alarm when the hydraulic oil needs to be replenished, and the hydraulic pump, the circulation pump, and the rear Relief valve and check valve to prevent overloading It includes.

The steering means is a steering wheel installed in the cockpit of the ship, a steering pump communicating with the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic oil and the flow path of the hydraulic oil discharged therefrom according to the rotation of the handle, one side thereof is connected to the steering pump A steering cylinder in which a piston mounted therein is linearly moved by the hydraulic fluid, and one end thereof is coupled to the other side of the cylinder, which is pivoted in accordance with the movement of the piston, and the propulsion main body coupled to the other end is steered left and right. And a steering link.

The lifting means is a storage tank for storing the working oil, a lifting pump driven by a direct current motor to pump the working oil stored in the storage tank, one side and the other side thereof communicate with one outlet and the other outlet of the lifting pump, respectively. First and second cylinders fixed to the outer wall of the stern wall, one end of which is coupled to the first and second cylinders, the other end of which is hinged to the propulsion main body, and is driven up and down by driving of the first and second cylinders. And a lifting link for turning the pushing body to move up and down, and between the lifting pump and the first and second cylinders in order to prevent the vertical position of the pushing body from being changed according to the load state of the motor. A plurality of check valves each installed, and the storage tank to prevent overloading the lifting pump and the first and second cylinders And a plurality of relief valves installed between the lifting pumps.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an impact load relief valve is installed between the lifting pump and the first and second cylinders to prevent excessive impact loads from being applied to the lifting means.

The discharge means includes a flexible exhaust gas pipe extending from the engine and communicating with the boss of the propeller through the inside of the upper and lower parts through the stern wall, and when the ship is driven, a vacuum is formed in the propeller boss. The discharge of the exhaust gas and the cooled seawater is promoted.

The hydraulic motor-driven stern propulsion device according to the present invention functions as a combination of a conventional propulsion device and an outboard motor, and a main body having a drive engine installed in the engine room of the ship and having a propulsion and steering function is fixed to the stern wall so that the propeller can be moved forward and backward. It is possible to remotely control the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the steering angle and the depth of the propeller according to the steering angle and the depth of the main body for shifting or shifting, thereby improving durability and control performance, and also improving the durability of the driving engine in the engine room and the hydraulic pump attached thereto. The installation position can be arbitrarily selected to effectively partition the cabin.

1 is a configuration diagram of a hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention.

2A to 2C are side, front and plan views of a hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a hydraulic system for remotely controlling the forward and backward and traveling speed of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention.

4A and 4B show a hydraulic system for remotely controlling the steering angle and lifting angle of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention.

** Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawings **

1: drive engine 2: hydraulic pump

4: hydraulic motor 5: exhaust gas pipe

6: propeller lower body 9: propeller

12: stern wall 13: lifting cylinder

14 propulsion unit upper body 15 lifting link

20, 34, 38: check valve 23: storage tank

27, 40, 43: relief valve 28: circulation pump

29: anticorrosive zinc plate 33, 41: steering and lifting pump

35: steering cylinder

Hereinafter, a hydraulically driven stern propulsion device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a hydraulically driven stern drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hydraulically driven stern drive device performs functions such as exhaust gas exhaust and cooling of the drive engine, oil pressure generation, forward and backward travel speed conversion, steering angle and lifting angle adjustment, and thrust generation. The hydraulically driven stern drive device includes a hydraulic pump 2 assembled to a hydraulic pump stage 3 of a drive engine 1 installed in a closed engine room of a ship. The hydraulically driven stern drive device is driven by a hydraulic motor 4 and bolted to a fixed plate 30 attached to the stern wall 12. The main body of the hydraulically driven stern drive device is divided into upper and lower main bodies 14 and 6 and is coupled by bolts. The rotational force of the hydraulic motor 4 is transmitted to the propeller 9 via the vertical shaft 10, the reduction gear 8 and the propeller shaft 11. The vertical shaft 10 and the propeller shaft 11 are supported by the support bearing 7. On the other hand, the support bearing 7 is provided with a sealing seal (not shown) to prevent leakage of the lubricating oil inherent in the body.

A hydraulic hose 31 connected between the inboard hydraulic pump 2 and the outboard hydraulic motor around the stern wall 12 and the exhaust manifold (not shown) of the engine and the exhausts connected to the main bodies 14 and 6. The gas pipe 5 is selected in structure and material so as to have sufficient elasticity and wear resistance so that the main bodies 14 and 6 are not damaged when they are moved left and right and up and down.

The exhaust gas of the drive engine 1 is discharged via the exhaust passage and the hollow portion of the propeller 9 through the exhaust gas pipe 5. Accordingly, when the exhaust gas is discharged, a vacuum is generated in the hollow portion of the propeller boss, so that the discharge is promoted. Meanwhile, forcedly circulated cooling seawater is discharged through the propeller 9 together with the exhaust gas through a lubricating oil cooler (not shown), a fresh water cooler (not shown), and the exhaust manifold.

2A to 2C are side, front and plan views of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention. 1 and 2, between the fixing plate 30 fixed to the stern wall 12 with the bolt and the stern drive unit upper body 14, the hydraulic pressure for lifting the main body (14, 6) up and down 60 degrees or more The cylinder 13 and the lifting link 15 are provided. On the other hand, an exhaust gas pipe 5 for discharging the exhaust gas of the drive engine 1 and a hydraulic hose 31 for supplying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic motor 4 penetrate the stern wall 12 to the hydraulic driven stern drive device. Connected.

Since the main body 14 and 6 of the drive unit 14 are attached to the stern wall 12, when the weight is large, not only does it increase the load of the propulsion system but also reduces the weight of the hull by 60% compared to steel materials because it is difficult to maintain the balance of the hull. It is preferable to manufacture with aluminum alloy.

On the other hand, the main body 14 and 6 are filled with lubricating oil for lubricating the reduction gear 8 and the support bearing 7. A sealing seal (not shown) is installed at both ends of the vertical shaft 10 connected to the hydraulic motor 4 and the propeller shaft 11 connected to the propeller 9 to prevent leakage of lubricating oil. Since the hydraulically driven stern drive device is always in contact with seawater during operation, the generated heat can be sufficiently generated. However, when the capacity is increased, a cooler 22 using seawater is built into the hydraulic oil storage tank 23 shown in FIG. 3 to prevent the temperature of the hydraulic oil from rising. On the other hand, in order to prevent corrosion of the body and shaft system device made of aluminum alloy, the anticorrosive zinc plate 29 of the appropriate capacity is attached to the fixing plate 30, the lower body 6 and the boss of the propeller (9).

The hydraulic motor 4 is connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft 10 by a coupling and bolted to the frame of the upper body 14. The upper body 14 is assembled with a protective cover 54 made of plastic to prevent contact between the hydraulic motor 4 and the sea water. On the other hand, an exhaust gas pipe 5 for allowing exhaust gas of the drive engine 1 to be discharged into the water from the boss of the propeller 9 via the main bodies 14 and 6 is connected.

The propeller 9 is usually rotated at about 2500 rpm, and when the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 4 is equal to the rotational speed of the propeller 9, the bevel gear is coupled to the vertical shaft 10 and the propeller shaft 11 by 90 degrees ( When the reduction ratio of 8) is 1: 1 and the rotation speed of the propeller 9 is made slower, the bevel gear pitch circle of the vertical shaft 10 is made smaller than the pitch circle of the propeller shaft 11.

Hereinafter, a remote control hydraulic system for driving a hydraulically driven stern drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The left and right steering angles of the hydraulically driven stern drive device are remotely controlled by a separately installed hydraulic system (shown in FIG. 4A). On the other hand, the tilting angle is remotely adjusted via a lifting cylinder 13 connected to the lifting link 15 in order to prevent collisions between the thruster and the projections of the seabed along the water depth.

3 is a hydraulic system configuration diagram for converting forward and backward driving and traveling speed of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic motor 4 from the hydraulic pump 2 fixed to the mounting table of the drive engine 1 is operated by the control lever 25 to operate the flow / flow switching valve 24. Allow the and channels to be adjusted. The circulation pump 28 coaxially connected with the hydraulic pump 2 circulates the hydraulic oil only in a certain direction and replenishes leakage in the hydraulic system, or allows a part of the hydraulic oil to pass through the oil cooler 22 and the filters 17 and 19. Allow the oil to cool to maintain the proper temperature and remove any debris. In order to prevent excessive pressure from being applied to the hydraulic motor 4 according to the load condition of the hydraulic motor 4, the flashing valve 16 is installed in the intake and exhaust pipe. On the other hand, the hydraulic oil flowing through the recirculation filter 18 and the oil cooler 22 is stored in the hydraulic oil storage tank 23 once, in order to maintain a constant head pressure, the head tank (not shown) and the level switch 21 If a hydraulic oil needs to be refilled, an alarm will sound or the hydraulic system will shut down to prevent large accidents. When a pressure higher than the set pressure is applied to the hydraulic pump 2, the circulation pump 28, the flashing valve 16 and the recirculation filter 18, the relief valves 26 and 27 are respectively used to prevent damage to the system. Install the check valve 20.

4a and 4b respectively show an independent hydraulic system for remotely controlling the steering angle and the lifting angle of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention. The steering angle control system is a device widely used in an outboard machine, which is a propulsion device of a small ship, or a steering system of a waterjet propulsion device, and supplies the hydraulic pressure generated by the steering pump 33 connected to the steering handle 32 to the steering cylinder 35. The steering pump 33 is a bidirectional discharge type, and the discharge direction is changed according to the rotation direction of the steering handle 32 to move the steering link 36 connected to the steering cylinder 35 from side to side to steer the stern drive device. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the steering cylinder 35, the steering pump 33, and the steering wheel 32 from moving in the opposite direction depending on the load condition, the steering check valve 34 has the steering pump 33 and the steering cylinder 35. Installed between).

On the other hand, in the lifting angle control system, hydraulic oil stored in the lifting pump tank 37 from the lifting pump 41 driven by the DC motor 39 is supplied to the pair of lifting cylinders 13 to lift the lifting link 15. To operate up and down. Therefore, the hydraulically driven stern drive device can maintain an appropriate lifting angle depending on the water depth. On the other hand, the lifting check valve 38 is provided between the lifting pump 41 and the lifting cylinder 13 in order to prevent the vertical position of the stern driving device from changing according to the load state of the stern driving device. A lifting relief valve 40 and an exhaust filter 42 are installed, respectively, to prevent excessive pressure in the lifting system and to prevent foreign matter from entering. In addition, an impact load relief valve 43 is provided between the lifting pump 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 13 to prevent excessive impact load.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process and operation of the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The device is a combination of a propulsion function and a steering function. The drive engine 1, which is a power generating device, is a water-cooled high speed diesel engine, in which cooling fresh water and lubricating oil of the engine main body are indirectly cooled in each cooler (not shown), and the cooler and the exhaust manifold are directly cooled in contact with the sea water. By cooling the exhaust manifold, heat dissipation of the engine 1 main body can be reduced and exhaust efficiency can be increased. On the other hand, the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust manifold is discharged into the water from the hollow portion of the boss of the propeller 9 together with the seawater cooling the exhaust manifold. At this time, since the vacuum is generated at the rear of the boss of the propeller 9 while the ship is running, the discharge of the exhaust gas and the cooling sea water is promoted.

An anticorrosive zinc plate 29 of appropriate capacity is attached to the cooler, the exhaust gas pipe 5 and the main bodies 14 and 6 through which seawater passes, and anticorrosive coating is performed. The exhaust manifold uses stainless steel having good corrosion resistance because it comes into contact with hot gas and seawater.

The hydraulic system for driving the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention is hermetically sealed, so that the piping device between the hydraulic motor 4 and the hydraulic pump 2 can be made of high strength steel to withstand high pressure of approximately 250 atmospheres. Filters (17, 19), coolers (22), storage tanks (37), level gauges and head tanks of the circulation pump system (28) maintain relatively low pressure, but are preferably made of materials that can withstand at approximately 100 atmospheres. Is produced.

In addition, the steering angle adjustment system is one hydraulic cylinder 35 that can remotely control the bidirectional discharge type steering pump 33 and the stern drive device 30 degrees to the left and right to discharge the hydraulic pressure in the rotation direction of the steering handle 32. It is composed of Meanwhile, the lifting angle steering system supplies the hydraulic pressure generated through the changeover switch from the lifting pump 41 directly connected to the DC motor to the pair of hydraulic cylinders 13 so that the hydraulically driven stern driving device is within the range of 60 degrees up and down. Remote control. Therefore, a single driver can easily remotely control shifting, forward and backward, steering and lifting angles in the central control panel of the ship steering room.

In addition, the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention is supported by a lifting cylinder without directly contacting the stern wall even in normal operation, so that the lifting angle can be remotely fine-tuned to prevent a collision with a seabed protrusion. have. In addition, in the case of rearing, it is possible to rear up to a considerable position by using the driving inertia of the vessel without using manpower, so that it is easy to maintain the vessel and store the stern propulsion device.

In addition, the hydraulic system according to the present invention is a high pressure hermetic type, which can reduce power consumption of the engine and take a compact structure, thereby reducing its installation area.

As described above, the hydraulically driven stern drive device according to the present invention simplifies the arrangement of the drive engine and the shaft system and the structure of the propulsion device, instead of the conventional structure in which the stern drive device of the small ship is directly connected to the engine and driven. By controlling the flow rate and discharge direction of the hydraulic pump remotely while driving the drive engine at constant speed, it is possible to finely control the propulsion speed and forward and backward of the ship.

In addition, the propulsion device is supported by a lifting cylinder and the lifting angle is adjusted to prevent damage of the propulsion device due to the tidal wave difference, the sea float and the sea bottom protrusion. Parenting is possible.

Shock buffer relief valves are also installed in the hydraulic drive system, steering and lift control hydraulic systems to prevent damage to the connecting links, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pumps and piping.

Claims (8)

An engine installed at a predetermined position inside the stern wall of the ship; A hydraulic pump installed at one side of the engine to generate hydraulic pressure; A propelling main body provided spaced apart from the stern wall outside the stern wall for front and rear propulsion and steering of the ship, and capable of moving up and down and left and right, and vertically separating; A motor fixed to a predetermined position of the propulsion main body part and connected by the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic hose to rotate a propeller installed at the rear end of the propulsion main body part using the hydraulic pressure generated from the hydraulic pump; Hydraulic pressure adjusting means for moving the propulsion body back and forth using hydraulic pressure; Steering means for steering the propulsion main body side to side using hydraulic pressure; Lifting means provided between the engine and the propulsion main body to prevent collision with the propulsion main body and the subsea protrusion by moving the propulsion main body up and down using hydraulic pressure; And And a discharge means for discharging the exhaust gas generated from the engine to a passage such as sea water cooled inside the propulsion main body. According to claim 1, The propulsion main body portion is coupled to the lifting means, the upper body and the upper body is fixed to the motor and the upper body and the lower body is coupled by a bolt and the propeller is mounted on the rear end; And a first rotating shaft extending from the motor to penetrate the upper body to face the second rotating shaft coupled to the propeller of the lower body to transmit the rotational force generated from the motor by the bevel gear to the propeller. Stern drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 2, wherein a cover is coupled to the upper end of the upper body to prevent the motor from contacting the sea water, and a corrosion-resistant zinc plate is attached to the boss of the lower body and the propeller. A stern drive device characterized by preventing the corrosion. The flow / flow control valve according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pressure control means adjusts the flow rate and direction of the storage tank mounted in the vessel to store the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil discharged by the hydraulic pump, and is operated through the control lever. Is installed in the coaxial with the hydraulic pump to circulate the hydraulic fluid in one direction to replenish the leakage of the hydraulic oil and to pass a portion of the hydraulic oil through the cooler and the filter to maintain the temperature of the hydraulic oil properly and foreign matter contained in the hydraulic oil A circulation pump installed between the hydraulic pump and the motor to prevent the overload of the motor, a level switch for communicating with the storage tank and generating an alarm when the hydraulic oil needs to be replenished; And overloading the hydraulic pump, the circulation pump, and the flashing valve. Stern drive unit, comprising a step of including a relief valve and a check valve for preventing. According to claim 1, The steering means is a steering wheel installed in the cockpit of the ship, a steering pump that communicates with the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic oil and the flow path of the hydraulic fluid discharged therefrom in accordance with the rotation of the handle, one side thereof A steering cylinder which is connected to the steering pump and linearly moves a piston mounted therein by the hydraulic oil, and one end of which is coupled to the other side of the cylinder, which is pivoted according to the movement of the piston, and coupled to the other end thereof. And a steering link for steering the propulsion main body side to side. According to claim 1, The lifting means is a storage tank mounted in the vessel for storing the hydraulic oil, a lifting pump for pumping the hydraulic oil stored in the storage tank driven by a direct current motor, the one side and the other side are respectively First and second cylinders communicating with one outlet and the other outlet of the lifting pump and fixed to the outer wall of the stern wall, one end of which is coupled to the first and second cylinders and the other end of which is hinged to the pushing main body And a lifting link pivoting up and down by driving of the first and second cylinders to move the propulsion main body up and down, and lifting the propulsion body to prevent the vertical position of the propulsion main body from being changed according to the load state of the motor. A plurality of check valves respectively installed between the pump and the first and second cylinders, and the lifting pump and the first and second cylinders. And a plurality of relief valves installed between the storage tank and the lifting pump to prevent overload. The stern drive device according to claim 6, wherein an impact load relief valve is installed between the lifting pump and the first and second cylinders to prevent excessive impact loads from being applied to the lifting means. The propeller boss part of claim 2, wherein the discharge means includes a flexible exhaust gas pipe extending from the engine and communicating with the boss part of the propeller through the upper and lower body through the stern wall. The vacuum is formed in the stern drive device, characterized in that the discharge of the exhaust gas and the cooling sea water is promoted.