KR19990076028A - Island-in-the-sea microfiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn capable of dyeing disperse dyes at 100 ° C. or lower and excellent in physical properties such as strength after sea component elution.

The island-in-the-sea type microfiber of the present invention is 10 to 60% by weight of an elution component (sea component), which is a copolymer polyester having excellent alkali solubility, and 90 to 40% by weight of a non-extraction component, which is polytrimethylene terephthalate. It is composed of%, the elution component (sea component) The strength retention rate of the island-in-the-sea microfiber after elution is 80% or more.

The island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention is useful for the manufacture of artificial leather and the like.

Description

Island-in-the-sea microfiber.

The present invention relates to an island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn used as an artificial leather yarn.

The island-in-the-sea type microfiber widely used as an artificial leather, a wiping fabric, and a functional material may be obtained by dissolving at least one component as a solvent after complex spinning two or more kinds of polymers having different solvent solubility. Until now, co-polyester, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc. are mainly used as an eluting component (sea component), ie, the polymer melt | dissolved by a solvent. Among them, however, copolyesters having excellent alkali solubility are most suitable as elution components (sea components). The reason is that the polystyrene or polyethylene can be dissolved only by the organic solvent, so there are disadvantages such as the increase in the solvent price and the risk in operation. Copolyester is composed mainly of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, and / or 3 to 20 mol% of polyethylene glycol is copolymerized, and alkali solubility is about 5 times higher than that of general polyester. It is known that the above improvement.

On the other hand, polyamide, modified polyamide, polyester, modified polyester, etc. are used as a non-extractable component (doe component) which is not melt | dissolved in a solvent until now.

Conventional islands-in-the-sea microfine yarns in which the elution component (sea component) is the co-polyester and the non-extraction component (conductive component) are composed of polyester or modified polyester have the following problems.

First, polyester or modified polyester, which is a non-eject component (isolated component), is dissolved in an alkali when eluting the eluted component (sea component), thereby deteriorating physical properties,

Second, high temperature dyeing is required for the dyeing characteristics of polyester, which is a non-exhaust ingredient (composition), which makes the dyeing complex and damages the artificial leather's hair by high temperature dyeing.

Third, due to the low elastic recovery rate of the polyester, there is a problem that the repulsion characteristics are lowered.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new island-in-the-sea microfiber that can solve the above problems.

The present invention is an elution component (hereinafter referred to as "sea component))) The strength retention rate of the island-in-the-sea microfiber after elution is 80% or more, and excellent in physical properties such as elastic recovery rate and setting property, and disperse dye dyeing is possible at 100 ° C or less. In addition, it is intended to provide an island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn with improved color fastness.

The present invention relates to an island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn used as an artificial leather yarn or the like.

More specifically, the present invention comprises 10 to 60% by weight of sea component, which is a copolyester having excellent alkali solubility, and 90 to 40% by weight of island component, which is polytrimethylene terephthalate. It relates to an island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn, characterized in that the strength retention rate of the microfiber yarn is 80% or more, and disperse dye dyeing is possible at 100 ° C or lower.

In order to solve the problems of conventional islands-in-the-sea microfibers, the present invention has an elastic recovery rate similar to that of polyamide, having a carbon number between polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) While having excellent alkali resistance and excellent low-temperature dyeing and dyeing fastness is characterized by using a polytrimethylene terephthalate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The island-in-the-sea-type microfiber of the present invention is prepared by complex spinning of an alkali-soluble co-polyester as a sea component and a polytrimethylene terephthalate as a island component by a conventional spinning device for island-in-the-sea composite fiber. The sea component can be used up to 10 to 60% by weight and the island component can be up to 90 to 40% by weight, but it is more preferable to use 20 to 50% by weight of the sea component and 80 to 50% by weight of the sea component.

In addition, the island component is arranged separately in the cross section of each filament constituting the island-in-the-sea fine microfiber, and is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the fiber axis, the fineness of one island component after sea component elution is preferably 0.01 to 0.25 denier Do.

The island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention includes both staple fibers and filament fibers.

Polytrimethylene terephthalate to be used as a component in the present invention is prepared by condensation polymerization of terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate and 1,3-propanediol and has a structural formula (I).

Polytrimethylene terephthalate has a very similar polymerization method and chemical structure to polyethylene terephthalate, but there are many differences in thermal and mechanical properties.

Polytrimethylene terephthalate is superior in polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate in particular in elasticity, touch, alkali resistance and dyeing property.

Polytrimethylene terephthalate exhibits a soft hand with a relatively low initial modulus to nylon levels. As a result, there is no need for alkali weight loss processing to improve the feel, such as polyethylene terephthalate.

In addition, polytrimethylene terephthalate has excellent elasticity and alkali resistance, it is possible to dye disperse dyes at less than 100 ℃, dyeing fastness is also very good.

Polytrimethylene terephthalate has a glass transition temperature of 45 ° C. to 65 ° C., similar to polyamide, and a melting point of 228 ° C.

The crystallization temperature is at 65 ° C. and the crystallization rate is fast. Moreover, it decomposes thermally at high temperature 300 degreeC or more.

Due to these thermal properties, polytrimethylene terephthalate can be easily spun and stretched in the normal spinning and stretching zone. The stretching temperature is 60 ° C to 160 ° C and the stretching magnification is about 2.5 to 3.5.

On the other hand, the mechanical properties of polytrimethylene terephthalate are birefringence of 0.073, density of 1.33 g / cm 2, process water content of 0.15, and strength and elongation are similar to those of polyamide. Since the island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention uses the polytrimethylene terephthalate as the island component, various problems of the island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn using the conventional polyester or modified polyester as the island component can be solved.

Specifically, in the case of conventional island-in-the-sea type microfibers in which the island component is a polyester or a modified polyester, since the island component is embrittled in alkali when the sea component is eluted, the physical properties thereof are deteriorated. Laminating or coating the fabric on the back side requires complicated manufacturing processes and increases manufacturing costs. However, since the alkali resistance of the polytrimethylene terephthalate is about three times stronger than that of general polyester, the present invention can compensate for this disadvantage. As a result, the strength retention rate of the island-in-the-sea microfiber after elution of the sea component is 80% or more. The strength maintenance rate of island-in-the-sea microfiber is calculated as follows.

Strength maintenance rate (%) of island-in-the-sea microfiber

Where A is the strength of the island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn treated for 5 minutes in an aqueous solution of caustic sodium hydroxide (3% concentration) at 95 ° C., and B is the strength of the island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn before treatment in the aqueous solution of caustic soda.

In the case of the conventional islands-in-the-sea microfiber, the average fineness of the island component is a microfiber of the level of 0.05 denier, and since the dyeability of the polyester is poor, it is very difficult to express vivid dark colors and maintain the dyeing fastness at an appropriate level. Therefore, forced beating and high-temperature dyeing conditions are applied during dyeing to improve dyeability, and thus, the surface of artificial leather is easily damaged, and embrittlement of polyurethane may occur, and thus there are many limitations in the selection of polyurethane. However, the present invention has an excellent dyeability of polytrimethylene terephthalate as an island component at 100 ° C. or less, and also has excellent dyeing fastness.

In addition, polytrimethylene terephthalate has a glass transition temperature of 45-65 ° C., similar to polyamide, and is higher than polybutylene terephthalate, and has excellent elastic recovery rate, good setting property, and excellent resilience. The island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn can be used as an artificial leather yarn for various purposes.

The present invention will be described in more detail through Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited only to the following examples.

Example 1

Polytrimethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.88 measured in a 30 ° C. solution of 50:50 methylene chloride and trifluoroacetic acid is used as a island component and melted in a island-based extruder having a temperature of 260 ° C. .

On the other hand, using an alkali-soluble copolyester as a sea component, it is melted in a sea component extruder having a temperature of 285 ℃.

Spinning of the island component (polytrimethylene terephthalate) and the sea component (alkali-soluble copolyester) melted in an extruder, respectively, with a weight ratio of 70:30 at a temperature of 285 ° C. and 36 islands After supplying to the prison complex spinning, undrawn yarn is produced at a winding speed of 1,200m / min. Subsequently, after stretching the undrawn yarn at a draw ratio of 3.6 times, 51 mm staples are prepared, and these are treated in 3, 5, 10, and 20 minutes in an NaOH 3% aqueous solution to elute the sea component. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the staple strength before and after dissolution of the sea component.

Example 2

Polytrimethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.88 measured in a 30 ° C. solution of 50:50 methylene chloride and trifluoroacetic acid is used as a island component and melted in a island-based extruder having a temperature of 260 ° C. .

On the other hand, using an alkali-soluble copolyester as a sea component, it is melted in a sea component extruder having a temperature of 285 ℃.

Spinning of the island component (polytrimethylene terephthalate) and the sea component (alkali-soluble copolyester) melted in an extruder, respectively, with a weight ratio of 70:30 at a temperature of 285 ° C. and 36 islands After supplying to the prison complex spinning, undrawn yarn is produced at a winding speed of 1,200m / min. Subsequently, the non-drawn yarn is drawn at a draw ratio of 3.6 times, and then a 51 mm staple is produced, and then opened and carded to produce a nonwoven fabric having a weight of 400 g / m 2.

The nonwoven fabric is impregnated with polyurethane, and the sea component in the nonwoven fabric is eluted with an aqueous NaOH 3% solution. They are then buffed and then stained with 8% owf of the MIKETONE Red FB (Sumitomosa) dye. At this time, the result of measuring the dye residual amount according to the dyeing temperature is shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 1

A staple was prepared in the same process and conditions as in Example 1 except that general polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 in a 25 ° C. solution of orthochlorophenol was used as a island component, and the sea component was eluted in an aqueous NaOH 3% solution. . Table 1 shows the results of measuring the staple strength before and after dissolution of the sea component.

Comparative Example 2

Non-woven fabrics were prepared in the same process and conditions as in Example 2, except that general polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 in a 25 ° C. solution of orthochlorophenol was used as a component, followed by polyurethane impregnation, dissolution of sea components, buffing and Dye

At this time, the result of measuring the dye residual amount according to the dyeing temperature is shown in Table 2.

<Table 1> Staple strength measurement results before and after dissolution according to dissolution time

Dissolution time (minutes) Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Sea component pre-elute staple strength (g / d) Sea component elution and staple strength (g / d) Sea component pre-elute staple strength (g / d) Sea component elution and staple strength (g / d) 3 3.22 2.99 3.16 2.37 5 3.15 2.84 3.11 2.10 10 3.38 2.27 3.12 2.22 20 3.05 2.53 3.30 1.93

<Table 2> Result of Dye Residue Measurement by Dyeing Temperature

Dyeing temperature (℃) Example 2 Comparative Example 2 Dye Residue (%) Dye Residue (%) 90 66.4 96.8 100 21.2 91.1 110 9.4 62.0 120 9.3 13.6

The island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention is excellent in alkali resistance of polytrimethylene terephthalate as an island component, and the strength retention rate of the island-in-the-sea island microfiber after elution of sea component is 80% or more. Therefore, in the case of manufacturing artificial leather for furniture that emphasizes product properties with island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention, it is possible to omit the process of laminating or coating the fabric on the back side of artificial leather in order to reinforce physical properties such as conventional strength. .

In addition, polytrimethylene terephthalate, an island component of the island-in-the-sea microfiber of the present invention has excellent dyeing property, and disperse dye dyeing is possible at 100 ° C. or lower.

Therefore, the range of selection of polyurethane can be widened, and it is possible to prevent damage to surface hairs that may occur during dyeing, and thus dyeing fastness against ultraviolet rays and ozone is also excellent.

Meanwhile, the island-in-the-sea type microfiber of the present invention has excellent elastic recovery rate and setting property, and thus may be usefully used in various applications.

Claims (3)

In the island-in-the-sea microfiber composed of two or more kinds of polymers having different solvent solubilities, 10 to 60% by weight of an elution component (sea component), which is a copolyester having excellent alkali solubility, and a non-expanded polytrimethylene terephthalate Consisting of 90 to 40% by weight of the component (sea component), the degree of strength retention of the island-in-the-sea microfiber after elution component (sea component) is 80% or more, and it is possible to dye disperse dyes at 100 ° C or less. . 2. The island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn according to claim 1, wherein the polytrimethylene terephthalate, which is a non-exhaust component (island component), is prepared by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate with 1,3-propanediol. The island-in-the-sea microfiber yarn according to claim 1, wherein the copolyester as an eluting component (sea component) is prepared by copolymerizing isophthalic acid and / or 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a main component of polyethylene terephthalate.