KR19990035731A - Food waste handler - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is very compact and can be installed both indoors and outdoors, has no odor, good food waste disposal efficiency, extremely low TOC value, no need for administration of a large amount of sawdust, and low disposal cost. To make it a challenge.

A food waste disposal system which introduces a to-be-processed object such as food waste and composts and discharges it by oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria; A cylindrical drum body 7 extending in the horizontal direction, a front lid having an inlet and an air outlet of a workpiece, a rear lid having an outlet and an air inlet for discharging compost generated by the treatment; A drum (6) in which only the drum body (7) is rotatably installed about its central axis; Rotary drive means (21) for driving the drum body (7) of the drum (6); Air discharge means (17) for forcibly discharging air in the drum (6) from the air discharge port; Cutting means for cutting the workpiece to be introduced from the workpiece introduction port; The cutting means includes a rotary shaft 27 disposed in parallel with the central axis of the drum 6, and a plurality of cutting blades mounted substantially helically on the rotary shaft 27 in the vicinity of the inlet to be processed. 29 to 32), the food waste disposal system characterized in that the solution means.

Description

Food waste handler

The present invention relates to a food waste processor for composting by oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria.

Examples of a device for composting food waste by using microorganisms include a type of fermentation using anaerobic bacteria and a type of oxidative decomposition using aerobic bacteria. Most of the devices proposed in the prior art are anaerobic. It was of the type using bacteria.

By the way, in the apparatus of the type which uses anaerobic bacteria, since the temperature in a process drum becomes high temperature about 80 degreeC at the time of operation | movement, there existed the fatal problem that the generation of bad smell by decay is remarkable.

On the other hand, in the apparatus of the type which uses aerobic bacteria, since the temperature in the process drum at the time of operation | movement is a comparatively low temperature of about 50-60 degreeC, the problem of generation | occurrence of odor is avoided.

However, the conventional food waste disposal system using aerobic bacteria is not suitable for installation indoors due to its large scale, has a bad smell, has a bad food waste disposal efficiency (conversion efficiency from food waste to compost), and treatment residues. There are many problems to be solved, such as a large amount of dissolved organic carbon (TOC value) in the soil, a large amount of sawdust input for treatment, and a high processing cost.

In addition, there has been a proposal of a food waste disposal device in which a spiral screw is provided over almost the entire length of the central axis of the treatment drum. However, in this kind of device, food waste between the screws sticks together, and the food waste is broken. In addition, conveyance to the outlet side is not easy, and there is a problem in processing efficiency.

The present invention solves these problems of the prior art at once, and is very compact and can be installed both indoors and outdoors, has no odor, good food waste disposal efficiency, extremely low TOC value, and administration of a large amount of sawdust. It is an object of the present invention to provide a food waste disposal device which is unnecessary and has a low disposal cost.

1 is a perspective view showing a food waste processor of one embodiment according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the food waste processor of FIG. 1 with a hood; FIG.

3 is a perspective view of the front portion of the food waste disposal device of FIG. 1 with the hood removed;

4 is a perspective view of the rear portion of the food waste disposal device of FIG. 1 with the hood removed;

Fig. 5 is a right side view of the food waste disposal system of Fig. 1 with the hood removed.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the food waste disposal system of FIG. 1 with the hood removed; FIG.

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the food waste disposal system of FIG. 1 with the hood removed; FIG.

8 is a perspective view showing an air exhaust mechanism;

9 is a perspective view showing cutting means.

10 is an explanatory diagram of an air flow path;

11 is an explanatory diagram of an inspection window;

12A and 12B are explanatory views of the rotational direction of the drum body and the movement relationship of the object to be processed;

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

2: hood 3: base

5: automatic operation box 6: drum

7: drum body 8: front lid

9: back cover 10: gear

11: Inspection window 12, 13: Guide circumferential groove

14: processing object introduction port 15: hopper

17: air discharge mechanism 18: discharge port

19: discharge pipe 20: hole

21: drive motor 22: gear

23, 24: roller 25, 26: support plate

27: rotating shaft 28: belt

29 to 32: cutting edge 33: air intake port

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, as a food waste treatment machine which introduces a to-be-processed object such as food waste, composts and discharges it by using oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria,

The drum body includes a cylindrical drum body extending in a horizontal direction, a front lid having an introduction port and an air discharge port of the object to be treated, and a rear cover having an exhaust port and an air introduction port for discharging compost generated by the treatment. The drum is installed so as to rotate about its central axis,

Rotary driving means for rotating the drum body of the drum;

Air discharge means for forcibly discharging air in the drum from the air discharge port;

And cutting means for cutting the workpiece to be introduced from the workpiece to be introduced,

The cutting means includes a rotary shaft disposed in parallel with the central axis of the drum, and a plurality of cutting blades mounted substantially spirally on the rotary shaft in the vicinity of the inlet to be processed. do.

According to the present invention, there is provided a food waste treatment machine which introduces to-be-processed objects such as food waste and composts and discharges it by oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria.

The drum body includes a cylindrical drum body extending in a horizontal direction, a front lid having an introduction port and an air discharge port of the object to be treated, and a rear cover having an exhaust port and an air introduction port for discharging compost generated by the treatment. The drum is installed so as to rotate about its central axis,

Rotary driving means for rotating the drum body of the drum;

Air discharge means for forcibly discharging air in the drum from the air discharge port;

An air inlet is formed in the required portion, and the hood to be mounted with a slight distance between the drum and the drum while covering the main body of the workpiece, the compost outlet and the air outlet are exposed;

And cutting means for cutting the workpiece to be introduced from the workpiece to be introduced,

The cutting means includes a rotary shaft disposed in parallel with the central axis of the drum, and a plurality of cutting blades mounted substantially spirally on the rotary shaft in the vicinity of the inlet to be processed. do.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail based on preferred examples.

1 and 2 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of a food waste disposal system of one embodiment according to the present invention, Figure 1 is a state in which the safety hood is removed, Figure 2 shows a state in which the safety hood is mounted. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 show a perspective view of the front portion, a perspective view of the rear portion, a right side view, a plan view, and a rear view, respectively, with the safety hood removed. This food waste disposer uses aerobic bacteria to oxidize and treat commodities such as food waste and composts them, and can be used indoors and outdoors.

In these figures, 1 is an apparatus body, 2 is a safety hood, 3 is a base, 4 is a foldable scaffold, 5 is an automatic operation box, and 6 is a drum.

The drum 6 consists of a drum body 7 extending in the lateral direction, a front lid 8 and a rear lid 9. A large-diameter gear 10 is provided around the front lid 8 side of the drum body 7, and an inspection window 11 is attached to the central portion of the drum body 7, and around both sides of the drum body 7. Guide circumferential grooves 12 and 13 are formed, respectively. As the drum body 7, one made of stainless steel having excellent oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance is preferably used. Any one formed of another suitable material can be used as long as these conditions are satisfied. The front lid 8 is provided in the front opening of the drum body 7. This front lid 8 is fixedly installed relative to the base 3. Moreover, the front cover 8 is provided with the inlet port 14 for introducing a to-be-processed object, The hopper 15 is provided in this inlet port 14. 16 is a cover which covers the opening of the hopper 15. In this example, the inlet port 14 also serves as an air outlet port. Alternatively, the air outlet port may be formed separately. An air discharge mechanism 17 is connected to the air discharge port and the inlet port 14, and the air discharge mechanism 17 is provided with an exhaust fan F (FIG. 8) to provide air, carbon dioxide, and heat in the drum 6. The back is forcibly discharged to the outside. On the other hand, in the rear opening of the drum main body 7, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear lid 9 is provided, and this rear lid 9 is also fixedly provided with respect to the base 3. As shown in FIG. Moreover, the back cover 9 is provided with the discharge port 18 for discharging the compost produced | generated by the process, and the discharge pipe 18 is provided with the discharge pipe 19. As shown in FIG. The discharge port 18 also serves as an air inlet port, but may be formed separately from the air inlet port. A part of the pipe wall of the discharge pipe 19 is formed with a rectangular hole 20 for introducing air. Of course, the shape of the hole 20 can be arbitrarily selected. Between the front lid 8 and the drum body 7, and between the rear lid 9 and the drum body 7, a flange, a gasket made of resin such as polyethylene, and the like are used in the drum body 7. It has a structure that does not leak the to-be-processed object.

The drive motor 21 is provided in place of the base 3, the small diameter gear 22 is attached to one output shaft, and this small diameter gear 22 and the large diameter gear provided in the drum main body 7 are provided. It is supposed to interlock with (10). In the base 3, a pair of rollers 23 and 24 and another pair of rollers 24 and 24 are supported through the support plates 25 and 25 and the support plates 26 and 26, respectively. They are spaced apart by a suitable distance in the transverse direction of the drum body (7), and they are coupled to the guide circumferential grooves (12, 13) formed in the drum body (7), respectively, to rotatably support the drum body (7). have. These rollers 23 and 23 and the rollers 24 and 24 also play a role of positioning the central axis of the drum body 7.

In the drum body 7, a rotation shaft 27 is inserted in parallel with the central axis thereof and upwardly from the central axis thereof. In this rotary shaft 27, the rotational driving force of the drive motor 21 is transmitted via the belt 28 connected between another drive shaft of the drive motor 21, and is rotatable in both directions. . A plurality of cutting blades are mounted on the front cover 8 side of the rotary shaft 27, that is, in the vicinity of the workpiece introduction port 14 so as to form a substantially spiral shape. In this example, eight cutting blades 29A, 29B; 30A, 30B; 31A, 31B; 32A, 32B are mounted as shown in FIG. That is, firstly, the first pair of cutting blades 29A and 29B are radially disposed on the rotary shaft 27 so as to face each other, and then the second pair of cutting blades 30A and 30B are formed in the rotary shaft direction. Rotation shaft 27 in a direction rotated by 45 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the first pair of cutting blades 29A and 29B in a position slightly rearward from the mounting position of the pair of cutting blades 29A and 29B. ) Are mounted opposite to each other. Next, at the position where the third pair of cutting blades 31A and 31B deviates slightly rearward from the mounting position of the second pair of cutting blades 30A and 30B in the rotational shaft direction, the second pair of cutting blades 30A And 30B) are mounted opposite to the rotary shaft 27 in a direction rotated by 45 degrees counterclockwise. Further, the third pair of cutting blades 31A and 32B is positioned at a position slightly rearward from the mounting position of the third pair of cutting blades 31A and 31B in the rotational shaft direction. 31B) is mounted to face the rotation shaft 27 in a direction rotated by 45 degrees counterclockwise. In this way, the group of cutting blades of 1 group is mounted substantially helically in the vicinity of the workpiece-introduction port 14. In this example, each cutting blade is detachably attached to the rotary shaft 27 by conventional fixing means. When the cutting force is deteriorated, it is possible to replace it with a new blade. Each cutting blade can be made of a suitable material as long as it is suitable for cutting the workpiece. Particularly preferably, each cutting blade is made of iron from the viewpoint of promoting oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria. In addition, since the drum body 7 is rotatable forward and backward, and the rotary shaft 27 is also configured to be rotatable forward and reverse facing the rotation, the cutting blade is preferably double edged. In addition, although eight cutting blades are used in this example, the number can be changed suitably.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the hood 6 is attached to the drum 6, and the hood 2 is formed in a substantially closed system except the air suction port 33. As shown in FIG. At this time, an appropriate gap is formed between the drum 6 and the hood 2 so that the gap becomes a part of the air flow path. Thus, by the operation of the air discharge mechanism 17, the air inlets 33, the gap between the drum 6 and the hood 2, the air inlets 20, 18 formed in the drum rear lid 9, the drum (6) An air flow path is formed between the air discharge port 14 formed in the drum front lid 8 and the air discharge mechanism 17. This air flow path is shown in FIG. Therefore, at the time of operation of the apparatus, the air sucked from the air intake opening 33 of the hood 2 is caused by the heat generated by the oxidative decomposition caused by the action of aerobic bacteria in the drum 6, so that the drum 6 and the hood ( 2) After being preheated to an appropriate temperature in the interval with, it is introduced into the drum 6. The strength of the operation of the air discharge mechanism 17 is set strongly at the time of rotation of the drum body 7 and weak at the time of non-rotation.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, the opening part 34 for a test | inspection is formed in the hood 2, and the cover 35 is attached to it so that opening and closing is possible. When inspecting the state in the drum, the inspection window 11 of the rotating drum 7 is always brought to the position of the opening 34 by the rotation control of the control system (not shown) assembled in the automatic operation box 5. have.

In the apparatus of this embodiment, the rotation speed, length of rotation time, rotation time interval, intensity of ventilation (exhaust), etc. of the drum main body 7 are appropriately selected according to the amount and type of the object to be treated, and these are automatically operated by the automatic operation box (5). Can be set automatically by operating a switch or the like.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

Injecting a to-be-processed object, such as food waste, and the material (sawdust, the processing agent by aerobic bacteria, etc.) to accelerate the composting into the drum 6 are performed from the hopper 15. The cover 16 is opened and these are put into the hopper 15. Here, the drum body 7 and the rotary shaft 27 are set to rotate for a predetermined time (for example, 1 minute every 1 hour) at fixed time intervals. In addition, in order to improve the crushing of the workpiece, the rotational direction of the drum body 7 and the rotational direction of the rotary shaft 27 are set opposite to each other. On the other hand, the exhaust fan F is operated to allow air to be supplied into the drum 6.

The to-be-processed object thrown in from the hopper 15 is introduced into the drum 6 through the inlet port 14, and rotates together with the drum body 7. Here, the drive motor 21 is driven by button operation in the automatic operation box 5, and the rotational driving force is transmitted to the large-diameter gear 10 provided in the drum 6 via the small-diameter gear 22. The drum body (7) is a drum body because the guide circumferential groove (12) is rotatably coupled to the pair of rollers (23, 23) and the guide circumferential groove (13) with one roller (24, 24), respectively. (7) The whole rotates slowly in the predetermined rotational direction about the central axis. On the other hand, the driving force of the drive motor 21 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 27 via the belt 28, and the cutting blades 29-32 rotate at an appropriate speed. And the to-be-processed object introduce | transduced in the drum main body 7 is crushed by the cutting blades 29-32 to a suitable magnitude | size. At this time, since the rotational direction of the drum body 7 and the rotational direction of the rotary shaft 27 are set oppositely, crushing of the object to be processed is performed satisfactorily. In addition, since the object to be processed needs to contact the cutting blades 29 to 32 while the drum body 7 is rotating, about 60 to 70% of its capacity in the drum body 7 is to be processed. Leave it filled with.

The crushed to-be-processed object is supplied with air, and the oxygen contained in the air is oxidatively decomposed by the aerobic bacteria to compost the object. The to-be-processed object reaches the heating zone at a place of about 60 to 100 cm from the inlet port 14, and reaches a temperature of about 50 to 60 ° C., and is slowly composted by a biological combustion method. The cutting blades 29 to 32 of the first group not only cut the workpiece, but also serve as a conveyance toward these discharge ports 18. Thereby, the to-be-processed object is gradually sent to the discharge port 18 side, composting, and finally discharged as compost from the discharge port 18 through the discharge pipe 19. And it is accommodated in the plastic container etc. which were put in the exit of the discharge pipe 19. The compost obtained can be used directly as a soil improving agent.

In this apparatus, the drum body 7 is rotatable in the forward and reverse direction, and when the drum body 7 rotates counterclockwise as seen from the front lid 8 side of the apparatus as shown in Fig. 12A, the workpiece is also rotated following it. The compost obtained by the treatment is discharged from the discharge pipe 19. On the other hand, when the drum body 7 rotates clockwise as seen from the front lid 8 side of the apparatus as shown in FIG. 12B, the workpiece is also followed and rotates, in which case the compost obtained by the treatment is discharge pipe 19 Does not reach eh. Therefore, by combining the rotation of the drum body 7 in the forward and reverse directions well, it is possible to process the object to be processed in the drum body 7 in an optimal state while controlling the filling amount appropriately.

Oxygen necessary for composting is supplied by the air introduced through the air suction port 33 of the hood 2. That is, by the rotation operation of the exhaust fan F of the air discharge mechanism 17, air is introduced from the air intake 33 of the hood 2, and the introduced air is introduced into the hood 2 and the drum 6. Through it, it is supplied in the drum main body 7 through the holes 20 and 18 formed in the back cover 9. Here, when air passes between the hood 2 and the drum 6, it is preheated to an appropriate temperature by heat (about 50 to 60 ° C.) generated by oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria in the drum 6. . Therefore, preheated air is supplied into the drum body 7. The preheated air supplied into the drum body 7 is externally connected through the hole 14 and the air discharge mechanism 17 by the rotation of the drum body 7 together with the operation of the fan of the air discharge mechanism 17. Is forced out. Thereby, composting can be performed with extremely good efficiency.

Using the apparatus of the present example, when high clean ∑ (manufactured by Sankai Kasei Co., Ltd.) was added as a treatment agent containing aerobic bacteria, about 10 kg of compost was obtained for the introduction of 100 kg of food waste. That is, the reduction of about 90% of the object to be processed was achieved by this apparatus. Moreover, as a result of analyzing the residue from this apparatus, TOC value was remarkably small as about 22.2 ppm. Residues into which food waste has been put are usually TOC values of 1000 to 10,000 ppm, and new sawdust also has TOC values of 100 to 300 ppm. By the way, when this apparatus is used, the value is about 22.2 ppm as described above, and the decomposition of the to-be-processed object such as food waste proceeds very well, and organic matter, which is an intermediate product, is not produced so that it is composted. In addition, the pH of the residue was almost neutral and ideal, and the odor was odorless below the detection level of the gas detection tube. In addition, the average power consumption of the device was 750-780 W / day, which was very small. Moreover, according to this apparatus, the food waste of an average of 132.5 kg / day was processed by the drum volume of 2 m <3>, and the outstanding food waste processing efficiency was achieved.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited only to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation and a change are possible as illustrated below.

(1) In the above, the motor 21 is used for driving the large-diameter gear 10 and for driving the rotary shaft 27, but separate driving means may be provided respectively.

(2) In the above, the large-diameter gear 10 is provided on the front lid 8 side of the drum body 7, but may be provided on the rear lid 9 side of the drum body 7, and the front lid 8 You may install in the middle of and the back cover 9.

(3) An automatic supply mechanism for sawdust or beet moss may be provided so as to supply the sawdust or beet moss appropriately at the time of processing the to-be-processed object.

(4) The front end of the hopper 15 may be provided with a mechanism for injecting the workpiece into the hopper 15 after raising the accommodation means while the workpiece is held in the accommodation means.

(5) When operating in an area where the temperature is very low, an air heating means is installed between the hood 2 and the apparatus main body 1 in the vicinity of the air intake port 33, and the heated air is discharged at the beginning of operation. 6) may be supplied. For example, when the heating air of three stages of 10 degree | times, 20 degree | times, and 30 degree | times was supplied, it turned out that the apparatus can be operated effectively also in the environment at about 30 degreeC under freezing point.

(6) In the case of a large amount of discharge, a discharge conveyor may be installed to accommodate the discharge.

(7) The drum body 7 may be unitized, and the unit may be expanded to provide a device having a large processing capacity. In this case, the number of rollers supporting the drum body 7 is six or eight depending on the size thereof. You can do

(8) A mechanism for automatically injecting a treatment agent containing aerobic bacteria may be provided to set the input amount by operation in the automatic operation box 5.

According to this invention, since the said structure was employ | adopted, the following remarkable effects can be acquired.

(1) Although it is a very compact device, a large amount of food waste can be processed, and the food waste disposal efficiency can be remarkably improved.

(2) The TOC of the residue can be remarkably reduced, the pH is also almost neutral and ideal, and the odor is less than or equal to the detection level in the gas detection tube and becomes odorless.

(3) Administration of a large amount of sawdust or the like is not necessary for the treatment, and a significant reduction in weight can be achieved. Therefore, the cost of the waste treatment can be significantly reduced.

(4) Since the amount of power required for the process is small, the process cost can be greatly reduced.

(5) Since preheated air is introduced into the drum between the hopper and the drum, it can be operated without a heater for heating the air even in a region where the temperature is very low. In addition, when the heating air is supplied, effective operation becomes possible in an environment of about 30 ° C under the freezing point.

(6) The cutting means having a peculiar structure can break the workpiece to an appropriate size, thereby improving the treatment efficiency, and eliminating the problem that the workpiece is stuck between the shredding blades and the cutting effect is lowered.

(7) The automatic discharge of the compost obtained by the treatment becomes possible.

Claims (8)

As a food waste processor which introduces to-be-processed things, such as food waste, and composts and discharges it by using oxidative decomposition by aerobic bacteria, The drum body includes a cylindrical drum body extending in a horizontal direction, a front lid having an introduction port and an air discharge port of the object to be treated, and a rear cover having an exhaust port and an air introduction port for discharging compost generated by the treatment. The drum is installed so as to rotate about its central axis, Rotary driving means for rotating the drum body of the drum; Air discharge means for forcibly discharging air in the drum from the air discharge port; And cutting means for cutting the workpiece to be introduced from the workpiece to be introduced, And said cutting means comprises a rotary shaft disposed parallel to the central axis of said drum, and a plurality of cutting blades mounted substantially helically on said rotary shaft in the vicinity of the inlet to be processed. The method of claim 1, An air inlet is formed in the required portion, and the hood to be mounted with a slight gap between the drum and the apparatus body is exposed while the inlet, the compost outlet, and the air outlet are exposed. Food waste processor characterized in that it comprises. The cutting means according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting means has a plurality of cutting blades, and each pair of cutting blades is disposed to face in a radial direction at a predetermined position in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, A food waste disposer, characterized in that the axial position of the rotary shaft is slightly different and the circumferential position thereof is also different. The rotating shaft of the drum body and the cutting means can be rotated forward and backward, respectively, and the rotation direction of the drum body and the rotation shaft of the rotating shaft of the cutting means are set opposite to each other. The cutting blade of the cutting means is a food waste processor, characterized in that formed in two blades. The food waste disposal system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting blade of the cutting means is made of iron. The air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein an airtight system is formed between the hood and the drum except for the air inlet of the hood by the hood, and by the air exhausting means, from the air inlet of the hood, the hood. And an air flow path formed between an interval between the drum, an air inlet formed in the rear lid of the drum, an inside of the drum, and an air outlet formed in the front lid of the drum. The food waste disposal system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air discharge means has an exhaust fan. 3. The drum body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two or more circumferential grooves are formed in the drum body, and the drum body is rotatably coupled to and mounted on a pair of left and right rollers in each circumferential groove. A food waste processor characterized in that it is supported.