KR19990035728A - Odor substance removal method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for removing odorous substances, and in particular, after composting organic sludge such as paper sludge, sewage sludge, and manure cake as raw materials, the sludge is produced by ingesting the composted organic sludge raw material. The earthworm fecal soil is used as filter filler, and the odor gas is biologically decomposed by passing the odor gas into the filter of the earthworm fecal soil, so that it can be effectively removed as odor generating substance at low facility investment cost and operation cost. It is a technology that can eliminate the cause of complaints caused by pleasant environment creation and odor generation.

Description

Odor substance removal method and device

The present invention relates to a method for removing odorous substances and a device thereof, and particularly, to form a filter by filling earthworm fecal soil inside, and to pass odor gas into the filter of the earthworm fecal soil to decompose odor generating substances biologically. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing malodorous substances which can effectively remove malodorous gas even at low facility investment and operation cost.

Generally, urban sewage treatment facilities and many other facilities, for example, composting plants, food processing plants, poultry and pig farms, livestock facilities and petrochemical plants have a lot of odors, which are causing deterioration of the living environment. .

In the odorous gas accompanied by the odor generated by the various facilities, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan (CH ₃ SH) and other volatile organic compounds (Volatile Organic Compounds) (hereinafter referred to as VOC). ) Is included.

Table 1 below shows an example of the components contained in the malodorous gas accompanying the smell, in particular the components of the malodorous substances generated in the sewage treatment plant and composting plant.

[Unit: ppbv] division Sewage treatment plant (maximum concentration) Compost factory Odor concentration Ammonia (NH ₃ ) 728,000 170,000 4,000 Methylmercaptan (CH ₃ SH) 590 116,000 0.99 Hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) 650 750 4.5 Methyl sulfide (CH ₃ ) ₂ S 722 7,460 5.9 Methyl disulfide (CH ₃ ) ₂ S ₂ 1,780 6,160 7.6 Trimethylamine (CH ₃ ) ₂ N <0.5 ND - Acetaldehyde (C ₆ H ₅ CHCH ₂ ) 30 ND -

On the other hand, Table 2 below shows the general control technology for removing odorous substances, and the characteristics of each of the above techniques.

Control technology Capital cost Operating costs Field applicability Process fluidity Large capacity Applicability to low concentration pollutants Heat Incineration Absorption Absorption Livestock Filtration Catalyst Oxidation Photocatalytic Oxidation High and low High, medium, low, low Possible Possible Possible Impossible Impossible Impossible impossible impossible impossible Possible Possible Impossible Impossible Possible Possible Possible Impossible Impossible

As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the conventional physicochemical treatment method such as heat incineration or adsorption does not have great advantages in terms of economics, but biological filtration (Biofiltration) is economical or in other application areas and treatments. It is judged to be a very good technique in terms of capability.

The biological filtration method is widely used industrially outside of Europe, the United States, such as Germany, the Netherlands, etc. In particular, the biological filtration device in the method forms a microbial membrane in the filler (media), while contaminants pass through the media layer It uses the principle that adsorption and biodegradation occur simultaneously.

The biological filtration method has a removal efficiency of more than 95% of general air pollutants, and the technology has been steadily developed and recently recognized as the best control technology for VOC and odor removal. Especially in Germany, the use of biological filtration is exploding, and the odorous substances emitted from various industries such as chemical plant, printing industry, steel making, coating industry are effectively removed by this method.

Recently, as interest in removing odorous substances is gradually increasing in Korea, various methods for removing odorous substances have been used.

In particular, sewage treatment plants, petrochemical plants, and compost manufacturing plants mainly remove odorous substances by using a soil bed or a compost bed.

However, the soil deodorizing phase used in the above-mentioned conventional method is not excellent in adsorption and resolution of odorous substances, and also has an operational unreasonability that requires frequent replacement of the Soil media, and also requires a large site. Due to this problem, there are many difficulties in the practical application in the field.

In addition, according to the test run of the compost biofilter installed to treat the odor generated in the food waste composting plant, it was found that the odor is generated from the biofilter and thus, the effective operation is not achieved. The compost biofilter is a method that has been used in Europe and the United States for a long time, but it is a filter that can be guaranteed only when fully matured compost is used. There are still many problems.

Therefore, the present invention is to solve the above problems by passing the malodorous gas containing malodorous substances inside the filter composed of earthworm fecal soil having excellent adsorption capacity for the malodorous substances therein, with low facility investment and operation cost It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for removing odorous substances that can effectively remove odor-causing substances, eliminate the possibility of complaints caused by odors, and maintain a pleasant working environment.

1 is a deodorization process of the odor gas showing the process of deodorizing the odor gas after obtaining the earthworm fecal soil according to the method of the present invention, and constitutes the obtained earthworm fecal soil as a filter filler

2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for removing malodorous substances according to the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a biofilm is formed on the surface of the earthworm fecal soil

4 is a view showing an example of the configuration of the malodorous substance removing apparatus according to the present invention

◆ Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing

11: main body housing 13, 39: odor gas

15: filter using earthworm fecal soil as filler

17,43: Purified air 19: Moisture supply line

30: deodorizer 31: air supply

33: flow meter 35: gas generator

37: pressure 41: cylindrical filter

To remove the malodorous substance of the present invention for achieving the above object,

Biodegrading the organic wastes for a certain period of time,

Producing the earthworm fecal soil by ingesting the biodegradable organic waste as food for the earthworm;

Forming a filter using the obtained earthworm fecal soil as a filter filler;

It is characterized by consisting of the step of passing the odor gas into the filter to biologically remove the odor generating material.

In addition, the apparatus for removing malodorous substances of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A main body housing forming a space portion having a predetermined size through which odor air can be introduced and discharged therein;

A filter formed by filling a predetermined amount of earthworm feces in the inner middle portion of the main body;

And malodorous air inflow path for introducing malodorous air into the lower portion of the filter,

An air discharge unit for inducing the introduced odor air to be discharged in a purified state through a filter;

Characterized in that the water supply for supplying water from the upper portion of the main body portion

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the method and apparatus for removing odorous substances of the present invention.

First, a change in the scientific results of the earthworm feces used in the technology of the present invention will be described.

Earthworm feces began to be reported in the late 19th century by Charles Darwin's study of The formation of vegetable mold through the action of worm, followed by a scientific study of the role and function of earthworms by zoologists and botanists. Since then, many research achievements have been obtained.

Earthworms (earthworms) are classified as annular animals (Annelida), and the excretion that is excreted after ingesting organic matter contains very good physical properties and various microorganisms, so it is known to have excellent adsorption capacity for odorous substances.

In addition, earthworm fecal soil itself does not smell, has a very high physical adsorption capacity, and the chemical exchange capacity of the cation exchange capacity (Cation Exchange Capacity) is also about 55.1me / 100g, has a very high adsorption capacity.

Earthworm feces, earthworm excrement, are Thiobacillus thiooxidans, T. Contains various microorganisms such as T. thioparus, Pseudomonas, Arthobactor, Hyphomicrobium X, and Methylobacterium sp. It has sufficient conditions as a biofilter media.

1 is a view showing a manufacturing process step of producing earthworm fecal soil according to the technique of the present invention, and using the obtained earthworm fecal soil deodorizing device.

Referring to the drawings, the raw material of the earthworm fecal soil is organic waste, for example, organic waste such as paper sludge, sewage sludge, manure sludge, and food waste are first biodegraded and then used as food for the earthworm. .

On the other hand, the earthworm is to feed the biodegradable organic waste, the earthworm is produced by the sludge about 1 times the weight of the body itself to produce fecal soil.

Next, the obtained earthworm fecal soil is filled as a filter filler (Filter Media) in a predetermined position in the housing of the deodorizing device (deodorizing phase) to form a filter.

2 is a view schematically showing the structure of the deodorizer of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the malodorous substance removing apparatus of the present invention is formed in the main body housing 11 and the inner middle portion of the main body housing 11 and the space portion having a predetermined size so as to introduce and discharge the odor air therein; A filter 15 formed by filling the earthworm fecal soil with a filler, a malodorous air inflow path 13 through which malodorous air flows into the lower part of the filter 15, and malodorous air introduced into the lower portion of the filter 15. Is largely composed of a water supply line 19 for supplying water from the top when discharged to the upper purified state through the filter 15.

At this time, the contaminated malodorous air is introduced into the lower part of the filter 15 by a blower (not shown), and the introduced malodorous air passes through the filter 15 filler layer, leading to physical adsorption and biodegradation by microorganisms. Purified and discharged into the atmosphere.

At this time, an example of the design and operating conditions of the filter 15 media is shown in Table 3 below.

Filter design and operation elements range Filter composition condition Filter media Earthworm Feces Filter media laminated thickness 30 ~ 120 Cm Water content 40 to 65% ph 5.0 to 8.5 Operating conditions Back pressure 6-10 inch Loading late 1.5 to 8.5 cfm / sf Temperature 10-40 ℃ Retention time 30 seconds or more

In Table 3, the unit of loading rate [cfm / sf] indicating the amount of malodorous gas entering the filter is [cubic feet per minute / squre inch].

On the other hand, the configuration conditions and the operating conditions of the filter shown in Table 3 can vary the conditions according to the situation, it is not limited to the conditions shown.

Next, a description will be given of a process in which the malodorous substance is adsorbed on the filter media and decomposed in the malodorous substance removing device of the present invention using the earthworm fecal soil as the filter media as described above.

That is, the substrate dissolved in the odor gas is first transferred from the solution to the water film existing between the surface of the biofilm, and is also adsorbed on the earthworm feces.

After the substrate is transferred in the water film, the substrate is also transferred in the biofilm, the transferred substrate undergoes a biochemical reaction by the microorganism, and the resulting material is transferred into the solution.

Various odor generating substances contained in the air through the series of the above process is to be removed by the microorganism after being adsorbed to the earthworm fecal particle.

On the other hand, the earthworm feces are attached to a variety of microorganisms are inhabited.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a biofilm is formed on the surface of the ground of the earthworm fecal soil.

As shown in the figure, if the appropriate moisture content in the earthworm fecal soil is maintained, the biofilm 21 is formed on the surface of the earthworm fecal soil, and if the malodorous material is in contact with the biofilm 21 film 21 The microorganisms inside decompose bad smells.

In addition, the earthworm fecal soil is decomposed from above the earthworm, and the excreted material is composed of an organic material having a small particle size, the chemical composition is shown in Table 4 below.

ingredient nitrogen carbon Hydrogen sulfur Etc Concentration (%) 1.5 31.5 4.7 0.8 61.5

As shown in Table 4, the earthworm fecal soil has a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of about 20, which is a very good condition for the growth of microorganisms, so no additional nutrients are required during operation.

On the other hand, in order for microorganisms to effectively decompose contaminants in a short time, a chemical composition inside the media is required. Microorganisms ingest nitrogen as a nutrient source for cell proliferation and carbon as an energy source.

At this time, the most appropriate ratio of carbon and nitrogen (C / N ratio) is about 20 to 35. If the ratio of nitrogen is too high (C / N ratio: 15 or less), rather, ammonia (NH ₃ ) is produced and odor is generated. If the C / N ratio is high (40 or more), nitrogen starvation occurs and microbial growth is inhibited.

In order to confirm the removal efficiency of the malodorous substance removal device using the earthworm fecal soil of the present invention was the same experiment as in Example 1.

Example 1

The experimental apparatus as shown in FIG. 4 was configured as an experimental method.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the experimental apparatus is provided with a flow meter 33 and a pressure gauge 37 on the connection line from the air supply device 31 and the odor gas generator 35, respectively, At the end of the connection line was installed a filter 41 filled with earthworm feces.

At this time, the raw material of the odor air was a purity of 98% or more gas, using a flow meter 33 and a pressure gauge 37 to adjust the concentration constant.

In addition, the air also used commercial air of 95% or more purity, and the earthworm fecal soil was made of acrylic having a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 800 mm.

Under the experimental apparatus configured as described above, the experiment was conducted under the conditions as shown in Table 5 below, and the odor gas removal efficiency as a result of the experiment was also summarized in Table 5 below.

Odor substances Inflow concentration (ppm) Emission Concentration (ppm) % Removal Ammonia (NH ₃ ) 200 6.4 95 Hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) 100 15 95 Methyl mercaptan (CH ₂ SH) 100 13 87 Methyl sulfide [(CH ₃ ) ₂ S] 100 14 86 benzene 150 0 100 toluene 150 0 100 Silene 150 1.5 99 Ethylbenzene 150 2 98

As shown in Table 5, the odor removal efficiency using the earthworm fecal soil of the present invention is 95% or more, it can be seen that the efficiency is much higher than using a conventional physicochemical treatment apparatus.

On the other hand, when the earthworms are bred in the filter media, a larger deodorizing value can be obtained.

As described above, in the present invention, the earthworm feces by passing the odor gas into the filter using the filter media through the earthworm fecal soil produced after composting organic sludge such as paper sludge, sewage sludge, manure cake using the earthworm For example, by removing odorous substances by using physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, it is possible to remove odor gas even at low facility cost and operation cost. It can reduce air pollution, prevent air pollution and effectively alleviate the inconvenience of life.

Claims (8)

In the method for removing odorous substances, Biodegrading the organic wastes for a certain period of time, Producing the earthworm fecal soil by ingesting the biodegradable organic waste as food for the earthworm; Forming a filter using the obtained earthworm fecal soil as a filter medium; The odorous substance removal method comprising the step of passing the odor gas into the filter to biologically remove the odor generating material. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic waste is any one or a mixture of paper sludge, sewage sludge, manure sludge, and food waste. The method of claim 1, wherein the worm is housed in the filter media. The method of claim 1, wherein the stacking thickness of the earthworm fecal soil provided in the filter media is 30 to 120 cm. The method of claim 1, wherein the water content ratio in the filter media is 40 to 65%. In the removal device for removing odorous substances, A main body housing forming a space portion having a predetermined size through which odor air can be introduced and discharged therein; A filter formed by filling a predetermined amount of earthworm feces in the inner middle portion of the main body; And malodorous air inflow path for introducing malodorous air into the lower portion of the filter, An air discharge unit for inducing the introduced odor air to be discharged in a purified state through a filter; Odor material device, characterized in that consisting of a water supply for supplying water from the upper portion of the main body. 7. The odor substance removal apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the laminated thickness of the earthworm fecal soil used as the filter media is 30 to 120 cm. The method of claim 6, wherein the operating conditions of the malodorous substance removing device, Bag pressure: 6-10 inch, Loading rate: 1.5 ~ 8.5 cfm / sf, Temperature: 10 ~ 40 ℃ Odor substance removal device characterized in that.