KR19990008307A - Modular building frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a modular building frame having a minimum number of members to form a structure and to dry a building without the use of cladding or bracing.

Description

Modular building frame

Several attempts have been made to develop modular building systems. The main problem in the attempt of the prior art was a drawback in the construction of the obtained structure. Another problem is that known systems are not strictly modular because they are difficult to build, and once constructed, deformation is very difficult.

The inventor knows US Pat. No. 4858398 (Ricchini), which is a modular modular building construction that solves the task of building by drying a channel-shaped frame member panel that surrounds a rigid insulating core with protective face layers stacked on both sides. Starting the system. There are two main challenges to this approach. First, it is difficult to arrange a waterproof seal between panels, and secondly, the resulting building requires an internal truss to support the roof structure. All of these features are undesirable.

The inventor also knows US Pat. No. 5,152, Hayman, which relates to a prefabricated modular annex which is constructed by arranging a number of panels and channels connected by flanges. This invention has similar problems as described above and is particularly difficult to assemble.

The modular frame system, as disclosed in WO 29537/94 (De Blanken), carries out various assembly operations in an assembly plant and then transports the assembled modules to the construction site for economical handling, storage and transportation. To provide. While the foregoing objectives achieve at least some degree, they do not provide any particular advantage in terms of ease of construction or material cost.

Another prior art system known to the inventors is described in International Patent Application WO95 / 02097.

(PCT / AU94 / 00335) to Leftminster Pty Ltd. The Leftminster system is based on transportable prefabricated wall, floor and roof panels. In a left-minst system, the panels needed for a particular building are designed, assembled and transported to the construction site. The prefabricated panel is erected on the floor support foundation which is prepared in advance in the erected place. The Leftminster system is not modular because it is not based on a standard set of panels. It also requires a number of separate members, including bracing (ie trusses) to support the roof.

The leftminst application discloses some improved prefabricated building systems for known metal frame constructions, but does not have advantages due to the complexity of the construction and the need for numerous components on the construction site. The need for trussed roof structures for buildings significantly limits the versatility and applicability of the system.

In general, conventional construction techniques require complex members including studs, plates, cleats, walls and roof girts, nuts and bolts, trusses, cladding and the like. Due to the large amount of components, building technicians spend considerable time assembling them together. In addition, known modular constructions generally define certain structural claddings that are necessary for applying strength to buildings. Moreover, once it is erected, it is difficult to enlarge the dried material.

The present invention relates to a building, in particular a modular building frame which can be quickly constructed with minimal effort and manpower. The present invention can be applied to the building sector, including residential buildings, industrial accessories and farm buildings.

1 is a schematic representation of a standard wall subframe.

2 illustrates a method of forming a subframe.

3 is a schematic representation of a standard wall subframe including door and window spaces.

4 is a schematic representation of a standard roof subframe.

5 is an isometric view of ancillary buildings combined into subframes of various specifications.

6 is a schematic view of the eaves plate;

7 is a schematic view of a ridge plate.

8 is a schematic view of an extension plate.

9 is a partial cutaway view of the subframe assembly;

10 shows a typical elementary array.

11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of assembling the attached building.

12 is an enlarged view of a modular building frame for a house.

13 is an isometric view of an annex modification.

14 is a schematic view of the ridge plate for the annex of FIG.

15 is a table showing assembly data.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a modular building frame having a minimum member and forming a structure which does not require the use of cladding or bracing to provide a building.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular building frame that is simple to assemble or disassemble as compared to conventional known systems.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a modular building frame that is easy to deform structurally.

Other objects will become apparent from the following disclosure.

In one aspect, this need not be the only or indeed the most comprehensive aspect, but the invention is a modular building frame consisting of building subframes and connecting plates,

The building subframe is an open structure having a predetermined shape,

The building subframes are removably connected to form a building frame including walls and roofs,

Among them, the wall subframes are removably connected to form a wall structure, the roof subframes are removably connected to the wall subframe by a first connecting plate, and adjacent roof subframes that meet at the ridge are formed. 2 is connected to the removable plate to form a roof structure,

The subframe to subframe and the subframe to connecting plate are connected by removable fixing means,

Of these, the building frame is provided by connected subframes without the need for cladding or bracing.

The building subframe preferably consists of a peripheral member and an inner member. Peripheral members are suitable for performing structural functions, and inner members provide cladding support.

The roof structure is suitably provided by connected subframes without the need for trusses or bracing.

In addition, the modular building frame may be formed of a ceiling structure formed of a connected subframe. The building frame may be provided by connected subframes that form wall structures and ceiling structures. It is preferable that the roof structure is not required for the building of the building frame made of the ceiling structure.

The building subframe is preferably assembled from materials with high tension, such as metal sections, carbon fiber beams, synthetic wood, plastics or other existing building materials.

The subframe can be constructed with an appropriate wind code rating. The building frame preferably has a wind code rating of W70.

Construction subframes are suitably made in a number of standard sizes and shapes. Subframes are prefabricated and suitable for stocking with prefabricated connecting plates.

Preferably, the third connection plate is disposed to removably connect the specification subframes and form a subframe assembly.

It is desirable to connect the building subframes without further building members to form inner wall structures, ceiling structures and floor structures.

The resulting structure is suitable for cladding on any desired material regardless of the structural properties of the cladding.

The modular building frame is preferably erected on a thick bolted caste or on a pier fixed to a concrete foundation.

The second connecting plate is preferably made of a ridge plate having a roof pitch of between 15 ° and 50 °.

In another aspect of the present invention, as a method of constructing a modular building,

Assemble a plurality of subframes having an open structure and a predetermined shape,

Removably join adjacent wall subframes to form wall structures,

Removably connecting the roof subframe to the wall subframe with a first connecting plate,

Removably join adjacent roof subframes to form a roof structure,

And removably attaching the cladding to the subframe to form a building.

Removably connecting adjacent roof subframes to form a roof structure preferably includes removably connecting the roof subframes that meet at the ridge to a second connecting plate.

Preferably, the method also includes the step of removably connecting other subframes to form an inner wall structure, a floor structure or a ceiling structure.

The method may also include removably joining subframes to subframes with a third connecting plate to form a larger building.

In still another aspect of the present invention, as a method for expanding a modular building,

Separate the cladding from the modular building frame,

Separating one or more subframes from adjacent subframes and connecting plates.

Add additional subframes to existing subframes to expand modular building frames,

Reattach the detached subframes,

Attaching the cladding to complete the expanded modular building.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the drawings, like reference numerals designate like parts. For simplicity of explanation, a subframe assembled with a C-shaped steel channel member is adopted. Adjacent members are welded to form a subframe. Although the preferred embodiment employs a steel channel member of a specific size, it is obvious that other sizes or other materials may be used depending on the desired load capacity. In addition, welding may be replaced by equivalent means such as bolts or presses to assemble the subframe.

In Fig. 1, a typical wall subframe consisting of a peripheral member fabricated with a channel section of 150 mm having a thickness of 1.9 mm represented by (1) and a thickness of 1.0 mm represented by (2) is shown. The subframe is formed of inward C-shaped channel sections. The inner member 3 is a 100 mm channel section 1.5 mm thick. The channel section is butt welded 4 as shown in FIG. Peripheral members (1, 2) plays a structural role to strongly support by forming a pier or stump when erected on the door-type frame and concrete slab. In general, the inner member acts as a cladding support in a manner similar to studs, guts, purlins, batons, heads, mullions and seals.

The wall subframe shown in Fig. 1 is formed in a standard size of 3000 mm in width x 3000 mm in height. In order to facilitate the construction of various buildings, the subframe is 600 mm wide and 900 mm wide. 1500 mm, 2400 mm, 2700 mm, and 3000 mm and specification heights of 2400 mm, 2700 mm, and 3000 mm. For certain buildings, we can also produce ½ or ¼ sizes.

In view of the modularity of the building frame, the subframe and the connecting plate can be prefabricated and stored in a predetermined shape. Subframes and connecting plates for the building are then supplied directly from the storage site against the purpose of assembly in the prior art systems. This arrangement also has the advantage of achieving vertical and horizontal in a modular building frame since it is erected with a prefabricated stock of a predetermined shape with manufacturing errors.

The inventors found that only the following three basic subframes are needed.

a. C10015 subframe consisting of a peripheral member of a 1.5 mm thick, 100 mm C section channel and an inner member of a 1.5 mm thick, 100 mm C section channel.

b. C15015 subframe consisting of a peripheral member of a 1.5 mm thick, 150 mm C section channel and an inner member of a 1.5 mm thick, 150 mm C section channel.

c. C15019P subframe consisting of a peripheral member of a 1.9 mm thick, 150 mm C section channel and an inner member of a 1.5 mm thick, 150 mm C section channel.

A subframe 3000 mm wide by 3000 mm high with a door space and a window space is shown in FIG. 3. Like the subframe of the entire wall of FIG. 1, the peripheral member 5 of the subframe is a 150 mm channel section 1.5 mm thick (or 1.9 mm for higher wind-drating), with the remaining member being a lighter gauge.

The roof subframe is formed in a similar way to the wall subframe. The roof subframe shown in FIG. 4 is formed of 3000 mm × 3000 mm. The subframe is formed of 150 mm C channel sections of thickness 1.5 mm (or 1.9 mm).

The building 6 formed of a number of standard subframes is shown in FIG. 5. The building is made of two identical subframes 7 designed for the garage door space. The door subframe 8 and the window subframe 9 are built on one side of the building. The other side which is not shown is the same as the specification subframe of FIG. Four identical roof subframes 10 form the roof. A modular building frame is completed with a gable infill subframe 11.

The wall subframe is removably connected to the adjacent roof subframe by the cornice 12, as schematically shown in FIG. 6. In the above-described subframe, the cornice plate is made of a double alloy of 5 mm thickness with each arm 700 mm in length. A positioning lug 14 positions the assembly plate. A plurality of bolt openings 15 are drilled in advance on the eave plate to facilitate fastening.

7 shows that the roof subframes that meet at the ridges are removably connected by the ridge plates 16. The ridge plate is also made of a double alloy 5 mm thick and has a number of bolt openings 17. In the modular building frame shown in FIG. 5, the ridgeplate has an arm 18 of 400 mm and a central region 19 of 688 mm. The ridge plate is formed of a reinforcing plate 20.

For larger buildings, extension plates 21 as shown in FIG. 8 facilitate the connection of adjacent subframes to form a wide or tall building.

The assembly of the wall subframe, roof subframe, eave plate, extension plate and roof plate is shown in FIG. A ridge plate 22 is shown connecting the roof subframes 23, 24 that meet at the ridge. Adjacent roof subframes 25 are also connected. As in the example, each side of the roof is two subframes long, thus requiring the use of an extension plate 26 to connect the roof subframes 27, 28, 29 and 30. The roof subframes 28, 27 extend past the wall subframes 31, 32 to form an eave. The subframes 27, 28, 31, and 32 are connected to the eaves plate 33. (The roof subframe 27 is cut out to show the eave plate 33.)

Double alloy connecting plates provide high strength structures, but they are not necessary in every situation. The connecting plate may be mild steel where low wind rating is acceptable.

The ceiling frame 34 can be easily attached to the modular building frame using, for example, bolts on top of the wall subframe 31 and the eave plate 33.

Roof subframes, wall subframes and connecting plates are all fastened together with M12 8.8 / S UNO bolts. The assembly shown in Figure 9 can be easily disassembled by removing the bolt. In some cases, other fastening means such as self-tapping screws and welding may be suitable.

The modular building frame is conveniently erected on the concrete slab 35 having the M12 cast-in bolt 35a as shown in FIG. The wall subframes 31, 32 that meet at the corners are bolted to the concrete slab and to each other as shown in FIG. 9.

11 shows a method of assembling the modular building frame for an accessory building. Pour the concrete slabs with caste bolts. First, the corner wall subframes are screwed together and bolted to the concrete foundation as shown in FIG. 11A. The remaining wall subframes are screwed into the concrete foundation as shown in FIG. 11B. The cornice plate can be conveniently bolted in place at this stage. With the first roof subframe in place, the highest point is supported by a prop as shown in FIG. 11C or a cable infill 11 as shown in FIG. 5. Bolt the roof subframe to the cornice. Raise the corresponding roof subframe and bolt it to the cornice. The ridgeplate is bolted to the position connecting the two roof subframes to form the stage as shown in FIG. 11D. Bolt the remaining roof subframe in place to complete the modular building subframe.

The above discloses a drying method of the accessory building. The drying method changes depending on the building. For example, the ceiling may be erected on the assembled wall before erecting the roof subframe. In addition, the roof can be assembled separately and placed in place by a crane. The annex can be erected directly on the ground without first pouring the slab.

Since each subframe is lightweight, the step of constructing the modular building subframe shown in FIG. 11 may be somewhat easier if three or more persons can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the simple building of FIGS. 5 and 11. It is also possible for a residential building as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. Various wall subframes 36 and 37 are clearly shown in FIG. Ceiling subframes 38 are also arranged to form a ceiling. Ceiling battens are not necessary. The roof subframes 39 are arranged to form the roof of the house. No roof truss or roof batten is required.

The inventors found that the roof structure was not necessary for the building of the building frame. The structural capacity of the ceiling subframe is sufficient so that the building formed by the wall subframe and the ceiling subframe is a suitable building standard. This provides flexibility in construction and facilitates multi-story construction. In addition, the roof can be constructed in almost any shape without affecting the strength and resistance to the wind of the rest of the building.

It will be appreciated that the cladding 40 of any desired shape may be used to coat the modular building frame to complete the home. Typical roof cladding may be Custom Orb 0.42 BMT. Typical wall cladding may be wood, fibrous sheet or brick veneer.

It will be appreciated that the building shown in FIG. 12 can be easily disassembled, enlarged, or repositioned. The ceiling frame has sufficient load capacity to form the floor of another floor. To form another layer, simply unscrew the bolt and remove the eaves plate. Bolt the extension plate in place, erect or remove the roof, and bolt additional wall subframes in place. Then bolt the cornice to the location where the roof subframe is connected to the new wall subframe.

Likewise, the building can be enlarged laterally. Remove the wall, the wall section, and assemble additional wall subframes to build the building. The ceiling subframe and the roof subframe are assembled as described above.

The present invention has certain advantages in forming atypical buildings. The octagonal annex 41 shown in FIG. 13 can generally be erected with a central column. As the modular building frame disclosed herein, the annex can be erected without a central pillar. An existing ridge plate 42 as shown in FIG. 13 is connected to eight roof subframes 43. The roof subframe 43 connects to the wall subframe in the same manner as described above.

FIG. 15 is a table showing various subsidiary buildings that can be built into the three basic subframes described above. This table gives examples of material combinations and subsidiary building sizes required to achieve the desired strength (kNm). Column 44 is applied to C15019P / 2 (two adjacent peripheral) subframes and 5 mm double alloy 360 connecting plates, column 45 is applied to C15019P subframe and 5 mm double alloy 360 connecting plates, Column 46 is applied to the C15015 subframe and 5 mm double alloy 360 connecting plate, and column 47 is applied to the C15015 subframe and 5 mm mild steel connecting plate.

For example, an accessory building 6 m wide x 3 m high built with the winddling W55C requires a C15015 subframe and a 5 mm double alloy 360 connecting plate (column 46) or more. The same table can be created for other buildings, such as houses. Generally, C10015 subframes are used for walls, C10015 or C15015 subframes are ceilings, and C15015 or C15019P subframes are used for roofs.

It is apparent to those skilled in the building art that the modular building frame disclosed herein provides many advantages. This robust open formwork allows the use of a variety of cladding that has not been possible in the past. The cladding can be erected on the mold by conventional means.

Since subframes of various specifications are manufactured in advance, there is a remarkable advantage of improving dimensional error and increasing quality assurance.

Buildings with windclasses from W28N (N1) down to W70C (C4) can be built using the same modular system.

Since the type of member is minimal and the subframe is lightweight, an inexperienced person or expert can easily construct a building in minimum time. In fact, it has been found that the modular system according to the present invention can reduce the frame construction time by at least 50%. This minimizes the impact of weather problems and reduces the time for lockup and overall process completion.

In addition, the height of the building can be increased later by simply unscrewing the bolts to remove the roof panels and eaves plates, attaching additional wall panels and connection plates to the top of the existing wall panels, and repositioning the eaves plates and roof panels.

The system is also applicable to the design and construction of various shapes, for example hexagonal and octagonal buildings, in which case the roof panel generally has a triangular or other shape.

Throughout the specification, the invention is intended to disclose preferred embodiments without limiting any one embodiment or specific feature range.

Claims (23)

In the modular building frame consisting of a construction subframe and connecting plates, The building subframe is an open structure having a predetermined shape, is removable connected to form a building frame including a wall and a roof, Of these, the wall subframes are removably connected to form a wall structure, the roof subframe is removably connected to the wall subframe by a first connecting plate, and adjacent roof subframes that meet at the ridge are second connections. Removably connected by plates to form a roof structure, The subframe to subframe and the subframe to connecting plate are connected by removable fixing means, The modular building frame can be dried in multiple shapes, Among these, the building of the building frame is a modular building frame, characterized in that provided by the connecting sub-frame without the need for cladding or bracing. The modular building frame according to claim 1, wherein the building subframe includes a peripheral member and an inner member. The modular building frame of claim 2, wherein the peripheral member provides a building and the inner member provides a cladding support. The modular building frame of claim 1, wherein the roof structure is provided by connected subframes without trusses or bracing. The modular building frame according to claim 1, further comprising a ceiling structure formed of connected subframes. 6. The modular building frame according to claim 5, wherein the building frame structure is provided by connected subframes forming wall structures and ceiling structures. The modular building frame of claim 1, wherein the building subframe is assembled from a high tensile material selected from the list comprising metal sections, carbon fiber beams, synthetic wood, and plastic. The modular building frame according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined shape of the building subframe consists of a plurality of standard sizes and shapes. The modular building frame according to claim 8, wherein the subframe and the connecting plate are made in advance. The modular building frame according to claim 1, wherein the wall subframe is connected to the roof subframe by the first connection plate to form an eave. The modular building frame according to claim 1, further comprising a third connecting plate which removably connects one or more building subframes having a predetermined shape to form a subframe assembly. The modular building frame according to claim 1, further comprising a third connecting plate that removably connects the standard subframe to form an assembly of the subframe. The modular building frame according to claim 1, wherein the building subframes are connected to form inner wall structures, ceiling structures, and floor structures without additional building members. The modular building frame according to claim 1, further comprising a base on which the subframe is constructed. 15. The modular building frame of claim 14 wherein the foundation is a concrete foundation having bolts that are caste. The modular building frame according to claim 15, wherein the concrete foundation has a thick edge or a fixed pier. A method of drying a modular building having a building subframe and connecting plates, Pre-fabricating a plurality of architectural subframes having an open structure and having a predetermined shape, including a wall subframe and a roof subframe; Adjacent wall subframes are removably connected with removable fasteners to form a wall structure, Removably connecting the roof subframe to the wall subframe with a first connecting plate and removable fixing means, Removably connecting adjacent roof subframes with removable fixing means to form a roof structure without the need for a building truss member, Removable cladding on roof structures and wall structures to form modular buildings Method of drying the modular building, characterized in that consisting of steps. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of removably connecting the roof subframe to form the roof structure comprises the step of removably connecting the roof subframe encountered at the ridge with the second connecting plate. Drying method. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of removably connecting another wall subframe to the wall structure to form an inner wall structure. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising prefabricating a floor subframe and removably connecting the floor subframe to form an interior floor structure. 18. The building of a modular building according to claim 17, further comprising prefabricating a ceiling subframe that is removably connected to the wall subframe, and removably connecting the ceiling subframe to form a ceiling structure. Way. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of removably connecting subframes to subframes with a third connecting plate to form a larger structure. Modular building shape consisting of a construction subframe and connecting plates, Separate the cladding from the modular building frame of the modular building, Separating one or more subframes from adjacent subframes and connecting plates by removing removable fasteners, Extend or transform modular building frames by connecting additional subframes to existing subframes, Reconnect the separated subframe and connecting plate with removable fixing means, Attaching the cladding to complete the modular building Modular building shape change method characterized in that consisting of steps.