KR19980084104A - Compost fermenter using food waste, manufacturing method thereof and composting method of livestock wastewater using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a compost fermentation agent using food waste, a method for producing the same, and a method for composting livestock wastewater using the same.

2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

The present invention can be collected in the natural state in the process of composting using food waste and by using a mixed (Peat) as a bulking agent in a state in which a large amount of organic biodegradable microorganisms are pre-cultured as sawdust or bulking agent conventionally In addition to solving the supply-and-demand difficulties when using rice husks, there is no need to add expensive organic biodegradable microorganisms during the fermentation of food waste, and use calcium compounds as a salt remover during fermentation of food waste. If you want to use the fermentation by mixing with livestock waste water by removing sodium chloride in food waste in advance, you can use it to prevent plant root growth and soil quality from degrading the calcium component from soil. Compost fermentation agent used and its manufacturing method and To provide a composting method of the livestock waste water it is an object.

3. Summary of Solution to Invention

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a food waste-pit mixture by mixing 70 to 80 parts by weight of food waste ground to 4 to 8 mesh and 20 to 30 parts by weight of pit ground to 7 to 9 mesh. 3 to 5 parts by weight of a calcium compound of calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate is added thereto, mixed, and then aerobic fermentation for 20 to 30 days while supplying air from an aerobic fermentation tank, and then in a storage tank in which external air is blocked. It provides a method for producing a compost fermentation agent using food waste of anaerobic fermentation for 10 to 20 days.

4. Important uses of the invention

The present invention is used for the treatment of food waste and composting of livestock wastewater using the same.

Description

Compost fermentation agent using food waste, manufacturing method thereof and composting method of livestock wastewater using the same

The present invention relates to a compost fermentation agent using food waste, a method for producing the same and a method for composting livestock wastewater using the same, and more specifically, by treating the food waste used in the process of mixing food waste (Peat) and calcium compounds, etc. Compost fermentation agent using food waste that can be easily composted as a bulking agent and fermentation enzyme when mixing the livestock wastewater by reducing the salt concentration and improving fermentation efficiency. The manufacturing method and the composting method of the livestock wastewater using the same are related.

In recent years, as the national economy develops rapidly, the eating habits are being advanced, and the food service industry is also developing greatly. Due to this, the amount of food waste discharged annually is also increasing exponentially, but it is not easy to secure landfills necessary for its disposal, and it is difficult to expand existing treatment facilities, so most food waste is left as it is, causing bad smell. In case of landfilling, such as general garbage, large amount of leachate is generated, causing serious social problems such as various environmental pollution.

As a method of treating such food waste, it has been conventionally relying on landfilling about 99% of the discharged food waste, but it is becoming increasingly difficult to secure landfill sites due to rising land prices and opposition from residents near landfills. In the past, briquettes accounted for a large portion of the garbage brought to landfills, so leachate flowing from food waste was absorbed into the briquettes in a large part, which made it possible to remove leachate naturally. It was reduced, making it difficult to expect the above removal effect.

In view of the problems in landfill treatment described above, the method of using food waste directly as feed for livestock is used.However, this method can be used seasonally in spring, summer and autumn due to the characteristics that food waste easily decomposes at room temperature. Because it is not applicable to the winter season, it can only be used for a limited time only in winter, and due to the nature of food waste, it is difficult to exist constantly in a state containing a certain amount of nutritional ingredients such as fat, protein, fiber, etc. Only because it can be used on a small scale has many problems in terms of effectiveness.

In addition to the above method, a method of composting and recycling food waste is used, and as a related art, a bulking agent is used to remove moisture from food waste and crush it to an appropriate particle size, and then control the moisture to control moisture. ) Is mixed with sawdust, wood chips, rice husk, etc. and then composted through aerobic fermentation process and anaerobic fermentation process. The method is used.

However, in the above method, sawdust, wood chips, chaff, etc., mixed as bulking agents for controlling moisture, are difficult to secure enough to cover the total amount of food waste generated in Korea, and thus act as a major factor in the treatment cost increase. In addition, by mixing bulking agents lacking bacteria and yeast necessary for organic fermentation and decomposition with food waste, the growth of organic biodegradation microorganisms cannot be activated and immature fermentation is performed. There is a problem in that a process of adding a fermentation for a period of time is additionally required.

In addition, because of the nature of the Korean food culture, food wastes emitted from general households or food establishments contain excessive amounts of salt. Therefore, such high salt concentrations of food wastes do not undergo a separate salt removal process. In case of composting by mixing, microorganisms involved in the decomposition and fermentation of organic matter have to be greatly inhibited in growth by high concentration of salinity, so that it is difficult to obtain a desirable fermentation effect. There is a problem in that it affects the growth and inhibits the growth of plants.

In particular, the sodium chloride contained in the food waste reacts with calcium compounds in the soil to form calcium chloride having a very high water solubility, and then is leached from the soil. As a result, the soil is depleted of the calcium component and thus causes a decrease in soil quality.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, bulking agent that can be collected in a natural state during the fermentation treatment of food waste and a large amount of organic decomposition products microorganisms are present in a pre-cultured state and By using a mixture as a fermentation enzyme, it is possible to solve the difficulties in supply and demand when using sawdust or rice husk as a bulking agent, and it is not necessary to add expensive organic decomposition microorganisms separately during fermentation of food waste. By removing calcium chloride in food waste using calcium compounds as a desalination agent during the fermentation of garbage, it is possible to prevent the plant growth from being inhibited by high concentrations of salt when used as compost by fermenting it alone or mixed with livestock waste water. Not only can it dissolve from the soil? The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fermentation fermentation agent and a method for producing the same using food waste which can prevent the soil quality from being degraded.

Another object of the present invention by using the compost fermentation agent prepared in the above method by mixing it with livestock wastewater and the like, it is possible to complete fermentation in a short time and has a low salt concentration composting method of livestock wastewater does not affect plant growth at all In providing.

1 is a graph of the temperature change in the fermenter by fermentation period

The present invention for achieving the above object is to produce a food waste-pit mixture by mixing 70 to 80 parts by weight and 20 to 30 parts by weight of food waste pulverized to a particle size of 4 to 8 mesh, here, calcium sulfate or 3 to 5 parts by weight of the calcium compound of calcium carbonate was added and mixed, followed by aerobic fermentation for 20 to 30 days while supplying air from the aerobic fermentation tank, and then for 10 to 20 days in a storage tank in which external air was blocked. It provides a compost fermentation agent using a food waste prepared by anaerobic fermentation method and a method for producing the same.

In addition, the present invention is mixed with the fermentation fermentation agent and the livestock waste water prepared by the above method in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5 to 3.5 and fermentation for 25 to 35 days and then a portion thereof is mixed with the pit (Peat) as a bulking agent Provides a method for composting livestock wastewater using the method of reuse again.

Peat, which is mixed with food waste in the present invention and serves as a moisture control agent and a microbial culture, is also called peat or peat, and moss and flowering plants are wetland. It is a coal that has been decomposed and changed in the form of dark brown, and is present in dark brown, watery sponges, fibrous or lumpy forms.

The pit can be collected in a large amount in a natural state, such as in the mountain (mountain or descent), and they can be used as a natural microbial culture by being present in the aerobic or anaerobic organic decomposition microorganisms in accordance with the region collected . That is, in the case of the pit collected from the mountain region, aerobic degrading microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas and Aeroobactor are mainly inhabited, and in the case of the pit collected in the lower part, Flavobacterium and Scherri Anaerobic degrading microorganisms such as Escherichia are mainly inhabited, so when these pits are mixed and used as bulking agents, they also have a function as a microbial culture.

As described above, the pit can be mixed with the food waste in the dried and atomized state as much as possible to increase the contact area with the food waste, thereby improving the moisture control efficiency and the microbial enrichment efficiency, and the pit has a water content of 15% (w / w) It is preferable to use the following and the average particle size is about 7 to 9mesh.

In order to increase the mixing efficiency of the food waste with pit, it is preferable to crush it as much as possible. However, since the food waste mostly contains excess moisture, the food waste is completely liquefied when excessively atomized, so that the mixing ratio of the pit used as a moisture control agent. There is a problem that must be greatly increased, the workability in the treatment process is also sharply lowered so that the particle size is preferably 4 to 8 mesh.

In this way, when mixing food waste and pit ground to an appropriate particle size, it is important to determine the mixing ratio that can obtain the most desirable water control efficiency and organic biodegradation microbial growth efficiency within the range of minimizing the mixing amount of the pit. If the mixing ratio of the pit to 70 to 80 parts by weight is 20 parts by weight or less, it is not possible to obtain the desirable moisture control efficiency and microbial growth efficiency as described above, and when it is 30 parts by weight or more, the treatment cost is excessive due to the excessive use of the pit. There is a problem it takes.

Calcium compounds such as calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate are mixed with the food waste-pit mixture prepared by the above method, and these calcium compounds react with sodium chloride components present in the food waste and are soluble in sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate. Since most of it is converted to calcium chloride, desalination from food waste can be achieved, and in order to obtain sufficient desalination effect, the mixing ratio of calcium compound is preferably 3 parts by weight or more, and it is not necessary to mix excessively more than 5 parts by weight. .

The mixture of food waste-pit and calcium compound prepared at the above ratio is sequentially subjected to an aerobic fermentation process and an anaerobic fermentation process. In the aerobic fermentation process, an air supply device supplies a sufficient amount of air necessary for the growth of aerobic microorganisms. zoom a portion of the organic material such as a carbohydrate, fat and protein contained in the food waste by aerobic organic matter degrading microorganisms is the carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ to the growth in the pits, water (H ₂ O), nitric acid ions (NO ₃ ^-), etc. Decompose to

In this case, the amount of air supplied in the aerobic fermentation process is preferably supplied in the range of 5 to 15% (v / v) of the volume of the food waste-pit and calcium compound mixture prepared above.

Subsequently, the first food waste-pit mixture fermented by the aerobic fermentation process is subjected to an anaerobic fermentation process in a storage tank in which external air is blocked. The substance is decomposed into compounds such as CH ₄ , NH ₃ , and PH ₃ , and the mixture of food waste-pit and calcium compounds is fermented with a large amount of anaerobic microorganisms.

According to the method described above, the mixture of food waste-pit and calcium compound is prepared as a compost fermentation agent with desalination and microorganisms in which a large amount of microorganisms are enriched, which is present in the state of livestock wastewater with a salt concentration of 0.6% or less. When fermented by mixing at a weight ratio of 2.5 to 3.5 (more preferably, the mixing ratio of the prepared composting agent and the livestock wastewater is 1: 3 weight ratio), it is fermented and composted in a short period of about one month, so that it can be used as a fertilizer in farms. In addition, the compost thus prepared can be mixed with the food waste and used again as a pit used as a bulking agent.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples, and Experimental Examples.

Example 1

Collected from general restaurants, remove foreign materials from vinyl, metal, or kita, and then collect them from 750kg of food waste with a mean particle size of about 7mesh with stirring blades and from Sokcho area of Hadong, Gyeongsangnam-do. 250kg crushed crushed powder and 50kg calcium sulfate powder are added and mixed evenly.Then, the width × length × height is 60 × 1900 × 16cm and placed in an aerobic fermentation tank equipped with an air supply. It was aerobic fermentation for 30 days while running.

Subsequently, the food waste-pit mixture after the completion of the aerobic fermentation was placed in an anaerobic storage tank of the same size as the aerobic fermentation tank and anaerobic fermentation for 20 days to prepare a compost fermentation agent.

Example 2

50 kg of compost fermentation agent prepared from Example 1 was mixed evenly 150kg into a fermentation tank and inverted once a day in a well-ventilated place and fermented for 35 days to prepare compost.

Example 3

In the same manner as in Example 1, 250 kg of a mixture of the pit (Peat) and the compost prepared in Example 2 was mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1 as a bulking agent.

Comparative Example 1

In the same manner as in Example 1, 250 kg of wood powder was mixed instead of the pit, and the addition of calcium sulfate powder was omitted.

Comparative Example 2

50 kg of compost fermentation agent prepared from Comparative Example 1 was mixed evenly 150kg into a fermentation tank and inverted once a day in a well-ventilated place and fermented for 35 days to prepare compost.

Experimental Example 1

As a result of measuring the salinity of the compost fermentation agents prepared from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the salt concentration of Comparative Example 1 was measured to about 2.7% (w / w), while in Example 1 0.5% (w / w), it can be seen that in the case of Comparative Example 1 shows a salinity of about 5 times or more than in the case of Example 1 according to the present invention, the effect of the salt of the measured concentration on the root growth of the plant To determine the root growth (Root Elongation) while culturing for 15 days, 30 days, 45 days after planting the cabbage seeds and lettuce lettuce to make a medium with compost prepared from Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 to find out One is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the results of Table 1, in the case of cabbage cultured in Example 2 prepared by the present invention, the root growth after 15 days is 60.7mm, showing a significant difference from 29.6mm of Comparative Example 2 Even after 45 days, Example 2 was found to be 85.0 mm, whereas Comparative Example 2 was found to be 36.6 mm, and in Example 2, root growth was more than two times higher than that of Comparative Example 2.

In addition, the root growth value after incubation for 15 days in Example 2, 22.7mm and 13.7mm in Comparative Example 2 showed a relatively slight difference, but after 30 days 63.2 in Example 2 As mm, root growth was more than four times higher than 15.9 mm of Comparative Example 2. Root growth after 45 days also showed that Example 2 maintained a remarkable advantage over Comparative Example 2.

This phenomenon, unlike Example 2, in the case of Comparative Example 2 means that the damage caused by salt and immature fermentation is very serious, various types of root growth disorders such as the root formation of root roots, malformation of the roots and growth disorders This is to prove that it is appearing.

Experimental Example 2

The temperature change in the fermenter during the fermentation for 35 days from Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 was measured, and the results are shown in FIG.

1 represents the fermentation period, and the vertical axis represents the temperature in the fermentation tank according to the fermentation period. In Example 2 of the present invention, the temperature in the fermentation tank rapidly increases as about 2 days after the start of the fermentation. Began to progress rapidly, and the temperature in the fermenter was maintained at about 66 ± 1 ° C until about 16 days had elapsed from about 11 days. After the 17th day, the temperature in the fermenter was very slowly decreased, indicating that the fermentation of the fermenter was very stable.

However, in Comparative Example 2, the temperature in the fermenter rapidly increased to about 63 ° C until about 6 days had elapsed and then dropped to about 58 ° C after about 15 days, and to about 64% after about 21 days. After a slow rise, the temperature rose abruptly and increased to 73 ° C after about 23 days. After about 29 days, the temperature dropped to about 53 ° C. Afterwards, the temperature increased greatly to about 73 ℃, and after 35 days, the temperature of fermenter dropped to 60 ℃, resulting in a significant variation in fermentation temperature during the whole period. appear. These results indicate that even after 35 days, the fermentation exhibiting such a undulating temperature difference can be further progressed, and thus, the fermentation process for a long time is additionally needed due to incomplete fermentation.

In other words, in Example 2 according to the present invention showed a fully fermented state that can be used as a compost immediately in a general farm, in the case of Comparative Example 2 remains unfermented state, it can be seen that long-term home treatment is required This proves that the compost fermentation agent of Example 1 according to the present invention was able to actively decompose organic matters by microorganisms in a state in which a large amount of microorganisms were enriched.

The present invention provides a novel method of using pit as a bulking agent in the process of composting using food waste to solve the problems of supply and demand and the immature fermentation when using a bulking agent such as sawdust, wood chips, chaff, etc. In addition, it is a useful invention to provide a compost fermentation agent using a food waste, a method for producing the same, and a method for composting livestock wastewater using the same, which can greatly improve the salt removal efficiency using calcium compounds.

Claims (3)

70 to 80 parts by weight of food waste ground to 4 to 8 mesh and 20 to 30 parts by weight of pit ground to 7 to 9 mesh were mixed to prepare a food waste-pit mixture, which was formed of calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate. 3 to 5 parts by weight of the calcium compound is added and mixed, followed by aerobic fermentation for 20 to 30 days while supplying air from the aerobic fermentation tank, and then anaerobic fermentation for 10 to 20 days in a storage tank in which external air is blocked. Method for producing a compost fermentation using food waste. Compost fermentation agent using food waste prepared by the method according to claim 1. The fermentation fermentation agent and the livestock wastewater prepared by the method according to claim 1 are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5 to 3.5 and fermented for 25 to 35 days, and then a part thereof is mixed with the pit and used again as a bulking agent. Composting method of livestock waste water, characterized in that.