KR19980076330A - Waterproof sheet and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention mainly relates to a waterproof sheet and a method of manufacturing the waterproof sheet for waterproofing the upper plate of the bridge, resin, vulcanization aid, tackifier in natural rubber and synthetic rubber in a half-barrier mixer or Ni-da mixer which is a closed mixing machine After mixing and stirring by adding filler and reinforcing agent, add vulcanizing agent in open roller, mix and stir again, and then apply pressure-sensitive adhesive on one side while rolling and withdrawing in calender or extruding in extrusion machine. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a vulcanized waterproof sheet and a vulcanized waterproof sheet manufactured by a method of manufacturing the vulcanized waterproof sheet to be rolled up and rounded to a predetermined length while attaching a release paper coated with a silicone adhesive on the upper portion.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing an unvulcanized waterproof sheet which is prepared in a state in which the vulcanization aid and the vulcanizing agent are excluded from the manufacturing method of the vulcanized waterproof sheet, and an unvulcanized waterproof sheet manufactured by the method.

The waterproof sheet containing the resin prepared according to the present invention has excellent durability, cold resistance, vibration resistance, heat resistance and chemical resistance, so it can withstand any harsh conditions for a long time, at room temperature, the hardness is relatively strong and tough physical properties It protects the waterproof sheet to prevent damage by heavy equipment inevitably used during waterproof construction of the top plate of the bridge, while contacting the hot heat of 130 ℃ to 180 ℃ generated from ascon when it is paved. The softened, added resin, the tackifier and the rubber are synergistic, and exhibit the adhesive force to firmly bond the cement concrete plate on the lower surface and the asphalt concrete on the upper surface to each other, and at the same time, when a vulcanizing agent is added, It is activated and converted into a vulcanized waterproof sheet.

Description

Waterproof sheet and its manufacturing method

The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet and a method of manufacturing the same, and in particular, in the process of being installed on the upper plate of the bridge so as not to be damaged by contact with heavy equipment such as heavy trucks for dump trucks, road compaction, and constitute the upper plate of the bridge The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the sheet is softened by heat generated from the asphalt concrete packaged on the upper side of the cement concrete plate and is activated secondly to be converted into a vulcanized state.

In general, the upper plate of the bridge is composed of a lower cement concrete plate and an ascon layer packaged on the upper surface of the cement concrete plate. When the vehicle passes through the upper surface of the asphalt concrete layer, the asphalt concrete is subjected to friction with the load of the vehicle and the tire. Due to the shock applied to the floor, vibrations are applied and cracks and peelings occur in the asphalt concrete layer, and the exhaust gas and acid rainwater of the vehicle passes through the cracks formed in the asphalt concrete layer and the peeled gaps. Penetrates into the plates, promoting corrosion of reinforcing bars and cracking of concrete.

In particular, in recent years, due to the rapid traffic increase due to the increase in vehicles, the vibration and impact on the asphalt concrete layer is increased, and cracks and peeling are accelerated at a high speed, so that concrete structures and steel structures are severely deteriorated or damaged, resulting in bridges. Repair work on the top of the board is increasing rapidly.

Accordingly, to prevent premature deterioration of the concrete structures and steel structures constituting the bridge deck by the exhaust gas and acid rainwater of the vehicle penetrated through the cracks and the separated gaps formed in the ascon layer. In order to pack the asphalt concrete layer, it is desirable to waterproof the upper surface of the cement concrete plate, and the waterproofing material used for the waterproofing of the cement concrete plate has long durability to ensure continuous waterproof function even under all bad conditions. At the same time, it should be excellent in various physical properties such as vibration resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance and cold resistance, and its adhesive strength so that cement concrete plate and ascon layer constituting the top plate of bridge can be combined integrally.

On the other hand, in order to waterproof the cement concrete plate constituting the top plate of the bridge conventionally, the silicon penetrant waterproofing agent, rubberized asphalt sheet and rubberized asphalt paint (water-based film waterproofing) and vulcanized rubber (vulcanized rubber or vulcanized rubber is cooked rubber state) Means a waterproof material.

In the conventional waterproof material, the penetration waterproofing agent has been strengthened by more than 350Kg / Cm ² due to the improvement of the civil engineering technology in recent years.

In addition, the conventional waterproofing material, such as rubberized asphalt sheet and water-based asphalt paints such as water-soluble asphalt paint, the waterproofing agent is excellent in adhesion to ascon, but has a problem in that the adhesion to the cement concrete plate is poor.

In addition, the waterproofing agent, the main material of asphalt, exhibits good waterproofing performance in the short term because the physical property of asphalt itself is waterproof, but the elasticity decreases with time, especially the surface temperature of 30 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ As the asphalt component decomposes and evaporates, it hardens as the asphalt component decomposes and evaporates, while the space is generated, thereby causing partial cracking and peeling, and further cracking and peeling due to repeated vehicle loads. As it expands, there is a problem that the packaging layer is destroyed while not exhibiting a waterproof function.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned conventional waterproofing material, the molded vulcanized rubber sheet is a main material of rubber, and is manufactured in a vulcanized state, so that it has elasticity, tensile strength, and elongation, which are the characteristics of the rubber, which is good for vibration and impact prevention, and excellent chemical resistance. The sheet itself is also waterproof.

However, there is a problem that the waterproof state is lost due to poor connection state at the connecting part between the sheet and the sheet, and there is a problem that the adhesive strength to the cement concrete plate and the asphalt concrete layer is also poor.

Accordingly, in order to improve the problems of the conventional waterproof material, recently, a solvent-type rubber coating (oil coating waterproof) waterproofing agent based on rubber has been developed and used.

This solvent type rubber paint waterproofing agent is produced by dissolving rubber, which is a main material, in a volatile solvent such as toluene, thinner, or the like, using a liquid stirrer.

The solvent-type rubber paint waterproofing agent prepared as described above is a liquid rubber unlike the molded vulcanized rubber sheet waterproofing agent, so the construction is easily performed at the connection part, but when the solvent is volatilized and dried, only a rubber-based sheet is formed. There is a problem that elasticity, tensile strength and elongation, which are the characteristics of rubber, fall.

In addition, since a highly volatile solvent is used to dissolve the rubber during the manufacturing process, there is a problem that the risk of fire during construction is very high and it is difficult to construct a uniform thickness.

Applicant has applied for a method of manufacturing a rubber-based adhesive waterproof sheet, which supplements and improves the disadvantages of various conventional waterproof materials, which have been used so far, and patent application No. 95-5008 (Preparation of the adhesive waterproof sheet in the uncured state and The construction method) and Patent Application No. 96-37884 (Method of manufacturing a non-vulcanized adhesive waterproof sheet).

Of course, the waterproof sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method filed by the present applicant has a significantly superior physical properties and effects as a waterproof sheet that can not be compared with the various waterproof materials that have been conventionally used.

On the other hand, unlike the waterproof construction of civil engineering and buildings, when waterproofing the top of the bridge with a waterproof material that has been used conventionally, the waterproofing material is attached to the upper surface of the bottom cement concrete plate constituting the top of the bridge After that, the ascon layer is packaged on the upper surface of the waterproofing material.

At this time, in order to pack the ascon layer, various heavy equipment such as trucks, heavy roller vehicles, and finishers must be operated on the upper surface of the cement concrete plate to which the waterproofing material is attached. There is a problem that perfect waterproof construction is not possible due to the damage of the waterproofing material attached on the cement concrete plate, such as a hole or tearing of the waterproofing material due to contact with various vehicles or heavy equipment operated for the purpose.

As described above, various waterproof materials that have been used until recently have advantages and disadvantages as waterproof materials, and particularly, in the waterproof construction of bridge decks, there is no resistance to contact with heavy equipment, and thus a perfect waterproof effect cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, the non-vulcanized sticky waterproof sheet manufactured by the method proposed by the applicant is also obviously excellent in the waterproof construction of general civil engineering and buildings, but heavy equipment used when waterproofing the bridge deck There is a problem in that there is a weakness, in order to improve the problem was proposed through the utility model registration application No. 95-29627 (waterproof sheet for civil construction materials) to attach a protection paper deposited asphalt on the surface of the waterproof sheet.

However, in the utility model filed above, a composite waterproof sheet in which a felt or nonwoven fabric (polyester forge) with asphalt was deposited on one side of a sticky unvulcanized rubber sheet with a vulcanizing agent as a protective paper was packaged in ascon. It has sufficient resistance to heavy equipment used for the work and protects the uncured rubber waterproof sheet to show its excellent function as a waterproof material for bridge decks, but it is necessary to attach a separate protective paper to one side of the manufactured waterproof sheet. There is a problem that the process is complicated.

The present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, the object is to have excellent durability and various physical properties such as vibration resistance and chemical resistance, heat resistance and cold resistance, while having long durability to exert a continuous waterproof function even under all bad conditions, Its adhesive strength is also excellent, and it maintains a constant hardness at room temperature, but softens it at temperatures above 100 ℃ so that it can be activated secondly to improve the resistance to contact with various heavy equipment when waterproofing the top of the bridge. At the same time, it is to provide a new type of waterproof sheet which allows the cement concrete plate and the asphalt concrete layer constituting the bridge deck to be integrally combined.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a waterproof sheet having the above characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a natural rubber and synthetic rubber and a vulcanization aid, tackifier, filler, reinforcing agent is mixed, and then cured at room temperature in a vulcanized adhesive waterproof sheet that is added to the vulcanizing agent is rolled out And a resin having a softening property is added when heat of 100 ° C. or more is applied, thereby exhibiting adhesive force by heat applied from the outside and converting it to a vulcanization type.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is cured at room temperature to a non-vulcanized adhesive waterproof sheet which is rolled and drawn after mixing natural rubber, synthetic rubber, tackifier, filler, reinforcing agent, and heat of 100 ° C. or more is applied. Resin having the property of softening the surface smoothly is added to exhibit an adhesive force by heat applied from the outside.

In order to achieve the above another object, the present invention is a natural rubber and synthetic rubber, one or two or more resins having a characteristic of being softened at room temperature and softened when a heat of 100 ℃ or more, vulcanizing aids, tackifiers, Mixing and stirring the filler and reinforcing agent in a sealed mixing stirrer so as to disperse it evenly, adding a vulcanizing agent on the roller and stirring it again, and rolling and drawing out a constant width and thickness using a calender. Has characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention is a natural rubber and synthetic rubber, one or two or more resins having the property of curing at room temperature and softened when a heat of 100 ℃ or more, and a tackifier , Mixing and stirring the filler and reinforcing agent in an airtight mixing stirrer to evenly disperse the vulcanization aid, stirring using a roller without adding the vulcanizing agent, and constant width in the calender. And a step of rolling and withdrawing to an excessive thickness.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The waterproof sheet according to the present invention is a composite material in which rubber and resin are mixed as chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or EVA resin is added to natural rubber and synthetic rubber. At the same time, the surface remains solid and strong at room temperature, so it is not damaged even when contacted with various heavy equipment for paving ascon in the waterproofing process of cement concrete plate constituting the top plate of the bridge. The resin and tackifier added by softening softly in contact with the heat of 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. generated from the ascon are synergistic with the rubber component, thereby increasing and improving the adhesiveness of the cement concrete plate and upper limb of the lower limb. Viscous waterproof waterproof As a result, it is possible to obtain the result of constructing one sheet of vulcanized rubber sheet regardless of the large construction area.

In the method for producing a waterproof sheet according to the present invention, chlorinated polyethylene, PVC, EVA resin is added to each of natural rubber and synthetic rubber alone or two or more kinds of resins are added together, and a vulcanization aid, a tackifier, Add the filler and reinforcing agent, mix and stir evenly, and then stir to mix evenly by adding a vulcanizing agent when stirring to disperse evenly on the rubber roller again. Rolling and withdrawing produce a vulcanized waterproof sheet.

On the other hand, in the above manufacturing method, the vulcanization aid is removed from the components added to the mixing / stirring machine, and when mixed and stirred again by a rubber roller, the mixture is stirred so that the vulcanizing agent is added evenly and mixed well in a calender. Rolling to a certain width and thickness and cutting out to a certain length while drawing, a non-vulcanized waterproof sheet is produced.

One side or both sides of a silicone coated coated release paper is rolled on the waterproof sheet rolled and drawn out in the manufacturing process, or the adhesive is applied to one side of the waterproof sheet drawn out by rolling a certain width and thickness in a calender. One side or both sides are attached to the surface to which the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied, and then cut to a predetermined length while attaching a release paper coated with silicone.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention as described above, the waterproof sheet may be manufactured by extruding a predetermined width and a predetermined thickness in an extruder, without being rolled and drawn out in a calender.

The characteristic of the waterproof sheet manufactured according to the present invention is that since the hardness of the waterproof sheet surface is strong and strong at room temperature without applying heat, the waterproof sheet is constructed on the cement concrete plate constituting the top plate of the bridge, and then the ascon layer thereon. In the event of contact with heavy machinery such as trucks, roller cars and finishers, which are inevitably used for packaging, no tearing or holes are formed.

In addition, since the waterproof sheet according to the present invention includes a resin component having a property of softening softly when heat of 100 ° C. or more is applied thereto, it is added while contacting hot heat of 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. generated from the ascon when the ascon packaging operation is performed. The resin and the tackifier are softened by heat, and the secondary activation activates synergistically with the rubber component, strengthening the adhesive force, thereby joining the joints of the overlapping portions of the sheets with each other, while the bottom cement concrete plate and the upper ascon At the same time, the unvulcanized rubber sheet is secondarily activated by high temperature heat and converted to vulcanized rubber to complete the waterproof construction of the perfect bridge deck.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention as described above are as follows.

Example

Rubber material: One of natural rubber and synthetic rubber (SBR rubber, IR rubber, BR rubber, EPT rubber, IIR rubber, CR rubber, NBR rubber, urethane rubber) 60%

Resin: Chlorinated Polyethylene

Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)

One 40% of Ethylene Vinyil Acetate Copolymer (EVA)

Vulcanization Preparation: Stearic Acid (Stealic Acid) 1%

Magnesium Oxide 5%

Zinc Oxide 5%

Sulphur 2%

Tackifier: Petroleum Resin 3%

Kumaron Resin 6%

Modified Phenolic Resin (Phenol Formaldehyde Resin) 8%

Asphalt 10%

Filler: Calcium Carbonate 30%

Reinforcement: Black Carbon 15%

Vulcanizer: NA 22 1%

T / T 1.5%

PZ 0.5%

The above embodiment is one example, the main material of the rubber has a unique physical properties and characteristics for each type, depending on the use of the waterproof sheet or the needs of the consumer, using natural rubber or synthetic rubber alone or natural rubber And synthetic rubber may be used in combination, or two or more kinds having different types may be mixed and used.

In this regard, the results of the present inventor's test showed that the waterproof sheet mainly composed of CR rubber in synthetic rubber had excellent physical properties such as adhesion, durability, and chemical resistance, and in the above embodiment, black carbon was used as a reinforcing agent. Add.

However, in the case of manufacturing a waterproof sheet having a color, white carbon (Whight Carbon) is added as the reinforcing agent.

The vulcanizing agent is added to convert the waterproof sheet into vulcanized rubber while being activated by a high temperature of 130 ° C to 180 ° C generated from ascon when packaging the bridge deck, and the peroxide vulcanizing agent and the organic compound vulcanizing agent. Although the present inventors studied in various ways, when the said organic compound vulcanizing agent was added, the effect was excellent.

The purpose of using resins such as chlorinated polyethylene, PVC, EVA in the present invention is to use these properties tend to cure at room temperature, but soften by the heat when more than 100 ℃ heat, the above resin May be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof, and the present inventors tested showed the best physical properties when chlorinated polyethylene was added.

In addition to the above-mentioned resins, other types of resins having good compatibility with rubber while being softened by applying 100 ° C. heat may be applied.

In the above embodiment, rubber and resin are the main ingredients, and the constituents (%) of vulcanization aids, tackifiers, fillers, reinforcing agents, and vulcanizing agents are indicated based on 100% of rubber and resin main materials.

Looking at the manufacturing method of the present invention according to the above components and component ratios, first, a natural mixing or synthetic rubber (SBR rubber, IR rubber, in a Banbury Mixer or knee-mixer that is a closed mixing and stirring machine) Add one (60%) of BR rubber, EPT rubber, IIR rubber, CR rubber, NBR rubber or urethane rubber, and one of chlorinated polyethylene, PVC, EVA (40%) and stir to disperse and mix evenly.

Then, after mixing and stirring by adding a vulcanizing agent, stearic acid (1%), magnesium oxide (5%), zincation (5%), sulfur (2%), petroleum resin (3%), which is a tackifier, Guaronic acid resin (6%), modified phenolic resin (8%) and asphalt (10%) are added and stirred to disperse and mixed evenly. Finally, calcium carbonate (30%) as a filler and carbon (15%) as a reinforcing agent are finally added. Add and mix and stir.

Then, after mixing and stirring while finally adding the vulcanizing agents NA22 (1%), T / T (1.5%) and PZ (0.5%), the rollers were rolled to a constant width and a thickness of 1 to 5 mm in a calender. · Withdraw.

If the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to one side of the waterproof sheet drawn out during the rolling and withdrawing process by spraying or brushing, and the one-sided or both-sided silicone-coated release paper is attached to the side to which the adhesive is applied, it is cut to a predetermined length and rolled up , When the ascon is packaged on the top plate of the bridge, a waterproof sheet which is activated secondly by hot heat of 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. generated from the ascon is converted into a vulcanized type.

In addition, when preparing a non-vulcanized waterproof sheet which is not activated and converted into a vulcanized waterproof sheet by secondary activation, the component ratio of the vulcanized waterproof sheet and the preparation method are stearic acid (1%) and magnesium oxide (5%). ), Zinc (5%), sulfur (2%) and vulcanizing agents NA22 (1%), T / T (1.5%) and PZ (0.5%).

In order to construct the waterproof sheet of the invention manufactured as described above, first, a rubber (primer) dissolved in a solvent is applied to the upper part of the lower cement concrete plate constituting the upper plate of the bridge with a brush or spray , Rolling out the waterproof sheet manufactured by the present invention while rolling round and spreading from the end of the packaging, and the connection work with the neighboring waterproof sheet is laid in a width of 5 ~ 10Cm, while applying a primer to the overlapped part with a brush Work and construct.

Since the waterproof sheet of the present invention is composed of components to exhibit adhesion when in contact with heat, when the connection between the sheet and the sheet or the bottom cement concrete plate is cleanly cleaned, it is easy to attach without applying a primer. It is safe to use a primer because it may not be attached due to contamination such as dust or dust, and it is even more safe to apply an adhesive to one surface of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

In this way, after the construction of the vulcanized or unvulcanized waterproof sheet for the cement concrete plate is completed, ascon is packaged on the upper surface, and the flattening and compacting action is performed on the ascon packaged by the heavy roller vehicle. When the waterproof sheet is softened softly by the hot heat of 130 ℃ to 180 ℃ and the load of the heavy roller vehicle generated from the asphalt concrete, the adhesive force is exerted, and in the case of powder-type waterproof sheet is to be converted into vulcanized rubber in the secondary activation ..

Such a waterproof sheet of the present invention is hardened at room temperature and is softened when a heat of 100 ° C. or more is added, so that it is not damaged even when contacted with various heavy equipments such as packaging equipment in the process of waterproofing the top plate of the bridge. It is not only durable, but also has excellent vibration resistance, cold resistance, heat resistance and chemical resistance, so it can withstand long periods under any harsh conditions, and has excellent adhesiveness with cement or asphalt, so it can be cracked and peeled off due to shock or vibration caused by passing through the vehicle. The phenomenon does not occur.

In addition, in the case of applying the present invention as described above, after applying the waterproof sheet on the cement concrete plate, in the process of packaging ascon on the surface of the secondary rapidly by contact with hot heat of 130 ℃ to 180 ℃ generated from ascon It softens softly while being activated, and firmly bonds the cement concrete plate of the lower part to the ascon layer of the upper limb while spreading it evenly by the pressure acting vertically during flattening and compacting work of heavy roller vehicles. Since it is integrally bonded with, it is possible to obtain a perfect construction result with one vulcanized molded waterproof sheet.

Claims (7)

Natural and synthetic rubbers, vulcanization aids, tackifiers, fillers, reinforcing agents are mixed and added to the vulcanizing agent, which is rolled and pulled out, and is cured at room temperature and softened when heated above 100 ℃. Water-resistant sheet is added to the resin having an adhesive to exert the adhesive force by the heat applied from the outside and converted to vulcanization type. It is cured at room temperature and mixed with natural rubber, synthetic rubber, tackifier, filler, and reinforcing agent, and then cured at room temperature. Waterproof sheet exerts adhesive force by heat applied from Natural rubber and synthetic rubber, one or two or more resins that are cured at room temperature and soften softly when heated above 100 ℃, and vulcanization aids, tackifiers, fillers, and reinforcing agents are put evenly in a closed mixing stirrer. Mixing and stirring to disperse; Adding a vulcanizing agent in the roller and stirring again; Method for producing a waterproof sheet, characterized in that consisting of rolling and withdrawing a certain width and thickness using a calender. Natural and synthetic rubbers, one or two or more resins having the property of softening at room temperature and softening when heat of 100 ° C. or more, tackifiers, fillers, and reinforcing agents are placed in an airtight mixing / stirring machine. Mixing and stirring so as to disperse evenly in the excluded state; Stirring again using a roller while no vulcanizing agent is added; Method of producing a waterproof sheet, characterized in that consisting of rolling and drawing in a constant width and thickness in a calender. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The resin is a waterproof sheet, characterized in that the chlorinated polyethylene, PVC, EVA. The method according to claim 3 or 4, After applying the tackifier to one side of the waterproof sheet rolled and drawn out from the calender, cut it to a certain length and roll it roundly while attaching a release paper coated on one or both sides to the side to which the tackifier is applied. Method for producing a waterproof sheet characterized in that. The method according to claim 3 or 4, A method of manufacturing a waterproof sheet, wherein the sheet is extruded to a predetermined width and a predetermined thickness by excluding rolling and drawing in a calender.